Abstract: In a camshaft for an internal combustion engine, integrally including: a shaft main portion that extends linearly; a plurality of valve-actuating cams disposed to be spaced apart from each other in an axial direction of the shaft main portion; and a pair of support arms extending along one diametric line of the shaft main portion radially outwardly from one end part of the shaft main portion and being fitted with a follower rotational body, a pair of overhangs are integrated with the shaft main portion and the pair of support arms, the overhangs extending between the support arms in a peripheral direction of the shaft main portion, and a thick-wall portion having a larger thickness in a direction along an axis of the shaft main portion is formed in part, on a radially outer side of the shaft main portion, of each of the overhangs.

Abstract: A variable valve device for an engine, may include a camshaft; a movable cam device fitted over the camshaft to be slidable in an axial direction of the camshaft, and configured such that cams with at least two different cam profiles and a guide protruding portion are disposed along the axial direction of the camshaft; at least one shaft groove linearly processed to have a predetermined cross-sectional shape in an external circumferential surface of the camshaft along the axial direction thereof; a cam groove provided in an internal circumferential surface of the movable cam device to communicate with the shaft groove; and an insertion member inserted into a communication space defined by the shaft groove and the cam groove such that a rotational displacement of the camshaft is transmitted to the movable cam device.

Abstract: A variable valve timing apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including: an actuator that activates a variable valve timing mechanism; a detection unit that detects a driving position of the actuator; a control unit that drive-controls the actuator, and when a predetermined execution condition is established, executes one of a first initialization process and a second initialization process that match the driving position of the actuator detected by the detection unit with an actual driving position of the actuator; and an abnormality determination unit that determines whether or not an abnormality is present in the driving position detected by the detection unit and stores an abnormality history after determining that an abnormality is present. The control unit executes the first initialization process when the abnormality history is stored and the second initialization process when the abnormality history is not stored.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a phase control apparatus in a variable cam timing (VCT) system of an engine, the phase control apparatus having a locking pin coupled to a rotor vane and engageable with a locking pin recess in the phase control apparatus cover plate. In one example, a method for assembling the phase control apparatus may include positioning respective retarded side surfaces of the rotor vane and the housing in face-sharing contact while positioning respective retarded side surfaces of the locking pin and the locking pin recess in face-sharing contact and maintaining a backlash gap between only the advanced side surfaces of the locking pin recess.

Abstract: A phase adjustment mechanism is constructed as a differential deceleration mechanism where a ring gear is relatively rotated on a basis of a difference in the number of teeth between the ring gear and an inner gear by revolution of an eccentric axis with reference to a rotation axis by an electric actuator. A coupling member is provided including a first engagement portion engaging with a driving-side rotational member in a displaceable manner in a first direction serving as a radial direction and a second engagement portion engaging with the inner gear in a displaceable manner in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction.

Abstract: A valve drive device for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The valve drive device has an axially displaceable cam element and an adjusting device with a first engagement element which displaces the cam element axially into a first switching position and a second engagement element which displaces the cam element axially into a second switching position. The adjusting device has a first slotted guide track in which the first engagement element is guided in the first switching position and a second slotted guide track in which the second engagement element is guided in the second switching position. The first engagement element is positively coupled to the second engagement element. The adjusting device includes a triggering device which holds the first engagement element fixedly in the second switching position counter to a restoring force. A method for axial displacement of a rotating cam element is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a continuously variable valve timing (CVVT) system for removing foreign materials includes: switching a target operating value of the CVVT system to a predetermined setting value within a set operating region and performing cleaning of the CVVT system; and determining whether a valve timing control learning request exists for the CVVT system, and, when the valve timing control learning request exists, aborting the cleaning.

Abstract: A valve drive for an internal combustion engine may include a camshaft, at least one cam follower, at least one adjusting device, and at least one control shaft. The camshaft may include at least one cam group. The at least one cam group may include a first cam and a second cam. The at least one cam follower may be drive-connected to the first cam in a first position and to the second cam in a second position. The at least one adjusting device may include a first adjustable engagement element and a second adjustable engagement element. alternately adjustable between a basic position and a switching position. The at least one control shaft may include at least one control element group including a first control element and a second control element adjustable to a switching element position and to a basic element position.

Abstract: A valve drive for an internal combustion engine may include a cam shaft, at least one cam follower, at least one adjusting device, and at least one control shaft. The cam shaft may include at least one cam group that may include a first cam and a second cam The at least one adjusting device may include a first adjustable engagement element and a second adjustable engagement element. The at least one control shaft may include at least one control cam group that may include a first control cam and a second control cam. The first control cam may include a cam lobe corresponding to the first engagement element and the second control cam may include a cam lobe corresponding to the second engagement element. The at least one control shaft may be rotatable about a longitudinal axis between a starting position and a rotational position.

Abstract: The invention is an actuator device comprising a first and a second tappet, wherein the first tappet is movably arranged in a first guide sleeve and the second tappet is movably arranged in a second guide sleeve, wherein the first tappet in the first guide sleeve is surrounded by a first restoring spring and the second tappet in the second guide sleeve is surrounded by a second restoring spring, and wherein the guide sleeves are arranged at a fixed distance from each other, wherein the first restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the left-hand direction and the second restoring spring is a coil spring wound in the right-hand direction.

Abstract: A valve drive for an internal combustion engine may include a camshaft, at least one cam follower, at least one adjusting device, and at least one control shaft. The camshaft may include at least one cam group including a first cam and a second cam. The at least one adjusting device may include a first engagement element and a second engagement element. The at least one control shaft may include at least one control cam group including a first control cam and a second control cam. The at least one control shaft may rotate such that at least one stop region of the first control cam adjusts the first engagement element from the basic position into the switching position and at least one stop region of the second control cam adjusts the second engagement element from the basic position into the switching position one after the other.

Abstract: A method for controlling intake and exhaust valves of an engine includes: controlling, by an intake continuous variable valve timing (CVVT) device, opening and closing timings of the intake valve; controlling, by an exhaust CVVT device, opening and closing timing of the exhaust valve; determining, by a controller, first to fifth control regions based on engine load and speeds, and a target opening duration of the intake valve and target opening or target closing timings of the intake valve; modifying, by an intake continuous variable valve duration (CVVD) device, current opening and closing timings of the intake valve based on the target opening duration; and advancing or retarding, by the intake CVVD device, the current opening timing of the intake valve while simultaneously retarding or advancing the current closing timing of the intake valve by a predetermined value based on the target opening duration of the intake valve.

Abstract: A three position fast acting solenoid which may be coupled to a spool valve with a center null position. The spool of the valve is moved to one of three positions by a momentary signal to either of two coils. The spool is held positively in each end position by magnetism, and in the center position by a mechanical stop, so that the valve requires no electrical input except when the valve is changing from one position to another.

Abstract: Provided in some embodiments are systems and methods for preparing oriented samples of a laminated rock having different lamination orientations, for each of different stress-levels, transmitting an acoustic pulse through each oriented sample while tri-axially compressing the oriented sample at the stress-level to generate test data indicative of acoustic velocities through the laminated rock at different combinations of lamination orientations and stress levels, determining acoustic velocities through the laminated rock at the different combinations of lamination orientations and stress levels based on the test data, generating a rock model for the laminated rock based on the acoustic velocities, and determining a property of a second laminated rock (e.g., total organic carbon (TOC) content) based on the rock model for the laminated rock.

Abstract: A valve opening and closing timing control apparatus includes: a driving side rotator disposed rotatably about a rotation axis and configured to rotate synchronously with a crankshaft; a driven side rotator disposed rotatably about the rotation axis and configured to be rotatable relative to the driving side rotator and to rotate integrally with a valve opening/closing camshaft; a phase adjustment mechanism configured to set a relative rotation phase between the driving side and driven side rotators by a driving force of an electric actuator, a biasing member provided on an outer periphery of a drive shaft to apply a biasing force in a direction such that an inner gear is engaged with a ring gear; and a displacement regulation portion configured to regulate a displacement of the inner gear.

Abstract: An electrically-actuatable camshaft adjuster includes an adjustment gear which has a drive wheel with an external toothing. The adjustment gear also has an additional ring-shaped component which is solidly screwed to the drive wheel. In particular, the drive wheel has internal threading into which outer threading of the ring-shaped component is screwed.

Abstract: A vane-type camshaft adjuster (1) including a rotor (2) which has radially projecting vanes (3) and forms vane cells (5) along with a stator (4) rotatably accommodating the rotor (2), each vane cell (5) being subdividable by a vane (3) into two adjustable chambers provided for holding hydraulic fluid; a hydraulic fluid-controlling device (12) for conducting hydraulic fluid is disposed and/or connected between the chambers (6, 7) in such a way that a drop in pressure in the chambers (6, 7) caused or reinforced by camshaft switching moments occurring during operation is used to open the hydraulic fluid-controlling device (12) such that fluid flows therethrough.

Abstract: A cam shaft phaser, including: an axis of rotation; a rotor arranged to receive torque from an engine and including a plurality of radially outwardly extending protrusions; a stator including a plurality of radially inwardly extending protrusions; and a plurality of chambers. Each chamber is circumferentially bounded by first and second radially outwardly extending protrusions. A respective radially inwardly extending protrusion is located in each chamber.

Abstract: A valve opening and closing timing control apparatus includes: a driving side rotator configured to rotate synchronously with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine; a driven side rotator disposed coaxially with a rotation axis of the driving side rotator and configured to rotate integrally with a valve opening and closing camshaft; a phase controller configured to control a relative rotation phase between the driving side rotator and the driven side rotator by supply and discharge of a fluid; and a torsion spring configured to attain a biasing force to displace the relative rotation phase between the driving side rotator and the driven side rotator in a predetermined direction. The driving side rotator is fastened to a cover-shaped plate, and the torsion spring includes a first arm and a second arm.

Abstract: Poppet valves in an internal combustion engine may be operated intermittently if desired by the selective dynamic locking or unlocking of one or more cam lobes with the shaft that acts as a conventional camshaft when the lobes are locked to it. One or more cam lobes with a small radial clearance ride on a shaft so that an engagement mechanism may be activated as needed to lock the cam lobe to the shaft, thus activating the respective poppet valve. The cam lobe is prevented from moving axially to ensure correct alignment with a follower. A suitable holding device may be used to ensure the non-activated cam lobe(s) is (are) restrained at a suitable orientation relative to the cam follower.

Abstract: A valve for restricting flow through an opening of a control valve in a vehicle engine includes a tubular shell having a central axis that extends between open ends of the shell. The shell also includes a base and a blocking element having an interior surface exposed to an internal space of the shell and an exterior surface exposed to an exterior space surrounding the shell. The blocking element is connected to the base by a deflectable connector such that the blocking element can be deflected towards the central axis in response to fluid pressure acting on the exterior surface, and away from the central axis in response to fluid pressure acting on the interior surface so as to selectively block the opening.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a first intake valve, a second intake valve, an accelerator open degree sensor that detects a load state, and an ECU 26 that controls the valve opening timing of the first and second intake valves and an amount of intake gas introduced to a combustion chamber from the first and second intake valves. When a load of a vehicle increases, the ECU reduces the ratio of the amount of intake gas from, among the two or more intake valves, the second intake valve having a later valve opening timing, whereas when the load decreases, the ECU increases the ratio.

Abstract: A camshaft adjuster including a stator, a rotor and a pressure medium supply, at least one chamber being formed on the stator, which is divided into two working chambers by at least one vane formed on the rotor or rotatably fixedly connected to the rotor is provided. A pressure medium is applicable to each of the two working chambers via the pressure medium supply in such a way that a pressure of the pressure medium may be increased in each of the working chambers to the extent that the pressure increase results in a rotation of the rotor. A switchable valve is formed in the vane of the rotor, which, in a first switching position of the valve, allows a flow of the pressure medium from a first working chamber through the vane into a second working chamber, in a second switching position the valve hydraulically separating the working chambers from each other.

Abstract: A position forecasting apparatus for forecasting a position at a predetermined time of a continuously operating moving body is provided with an estimation part that finds an estimated position state of the moving body at a time in the past before the predetermined time and a position forecasting part that forecasts the position of the moving body at the predetermined time based on the estimated position state of the moving body estimated by the estimation part.

Abstract: A system including a phaser with a first lock pin and a second lock pin in the rotor assembly. The first and second locks pins having a locked position where they engage a recess in the housing assembly and an unlocked position in which they do not engage the housing assembly. The first lock pin locks the rotor assembly to the housing assembly when the phaser is in an intermediate phase angle position. The second lock pin locks the rotor assembly to the housing assembly when the phaser is at a full retard position. The control valve includes a recirculation check valve and an inlet check valve.

Abstract: A control shaft of a cam shaft adjustment unit has axially spaced adjustment cams, which are designed in a first axial section of the control shaft for a continuous operation of a cylinder and in a second axial section for a cylinder shut-off. The adjustment cams for the continuous operation of a cylinder have, over the entire circumference of the cam circle, a radial extension which is greater than a zero stroke extension and the adjustment cams for the cylinder shut-off have, around their circumference, a shut-off section of the cam circle with a radial extension which is less than or equal to the zero stroke extension. The control shaft has a stop that reduces the rotation in both circumferential directions and functions as the calibration point for an engine electronics system.

Abstract: A variable valve timing device applied to an engine system may include a rotor supplied with oil and rotated in clockwise and counterclockwise directions, one-way clutches coupled to the rotor to limit an amount of rotation of the rotor, a sprocket having a rotor hole surrounding an external diameter portion of the rotor, a rotation shaft fitted into a shaft hole of the rotor for the supply of oil to oil grooves, and a shaft fixing member coupled to the rotation shaft to fix the rotor and the rotation shaft, wherein the one-way clutches restrict clockwise/counterclockwise rotation of the rotor by torque of a camshaft, achieving an improvement in fuel efficiency/emission material (EM) of an engine.

Abstract: A switch valve configured to control a hydraulic fluid flow, the switch valve including a capture element which is arranged in a valve housing and displaceable into a first switching position or a second switching position, wherein a first hydraulic connection is connected with a supply connection in the first switching position and a second hydraulic connection is connected with the supply connection in the second switching position, wherein at least two pass through bore holes are provided in the capture element and extend through the capture element, wherein a first pass through bore hole provides a fluid connection between the first hydraulic connection and the supply connection in the first switching position and a second pass through bore hole provides a fluid connection between the second hydraulic connection and the supply connection in the second switching position.

Abstract: An oil reservoir for a variable camshaft phaser, comprising a locking cover including a front surface including a pool, the pool having a plurality of through-bores, a rear surface including a locking pin channel, a radially inward facing surface, and a radially outward facing surface, and an oil reservoir cover secured to the front surface of the locking cover.

Abstract: In a hydraulically-operated vane rotor equipped variable valve timing control device for an internal combustion engine, a fluid-communication control mechanism is configured to switch, after having started the engine, a communication hole from a communicated state to a fluid-communication restricted state prior to switching operation of a lock mechanism from a lock state in which rotary motion of a vane rotor relative to a housing is restricted to an unlock state in which rotary motion of the vane rotor relative to the housing is enabled. As a result of this configuration, it becomes possible to apply, after having started the engine, an appropriately controlled hydraulic pressure to all of vanes, with hydraulic pressure supplied to either all phase-retard chambers or all phase-advance chambers, thereby ensuring a good control responsiveness of the vane rotor.

Abstract: A vane cell adjuster including a central locking device for locking the rotor in a central locking position, wherein the central locking device has at least two spring-loaded locking pins which can be locked in a stator-fixed locking slotted guide and which, during a rotation of the rotor from the direction of an “early” or “late” stop position, lock into the central locking position from different directions in the locking slotted guide, wherein a locking pin forms a valve unit with the respective accommodation chamber, wherein in a first switch position of the valve unit, at least one first pressure medium line is connected to allow free flow to a second pressure medium line, and in a second switch position of the valve unit, the first pressure medium line is connected to allow flow via a check valve to the second pressure medium line, wherein the check valve is provided in the rotor outside of the locking pin.

Abstract: A number of variations may include a product comprising a flexible member for an electric phaser actuator comprising: a plate, wherein the plate comprises a body; wherein the body has a thickness which is less than a width and a height of the body and wherein the body is constructed and arranged to attach to an output gear of an electric phaser actuator and wherein the body is constructed and arranged to mate with an input gear on a camshaft phaser.

Abstract: A camshaft adjuster for an internal combustion engine, having a stator, a rotor mounted rotatably in the interior of the stator, and a locking cover connected to the stator. A hydraulically actuatable locking element is received in the rotor and engages into the locking cover in at least one blocking position, so as to block a rotation of the rotor relative to the stator, and is arranged in at least one unlocking position so that the rotor can be rotated relative to the stator.

Abstract: A camshaft for a valve drive of an internal combustion engine having a variable valve opening time may include an outer shaft and an inner shaft that extends through the outer shaft, with the inner shaft being held rotatably with respect to the outer shaft. The camshaft may further include a cam having a multiple-piece configuration, comprising a first part cam and a second part cam. Either the first part cam or the second part cam may be connected fixedly to the outer shaft so as to rotate with it, and the other part cam may be connected fixedly to the inner shaft so as to rotate with it. The camshaft may also include a bearing inner ring of a shaft bearing that is held on the outer shaft, with one of two second part cams comprising an axial attachment that forms at least one part of the bearing inner ring.

Abstract: A stator-cover unit (1) for a camshaft adjuster designed for use in an internal combustion engine, having a toothed ring (2) for receiving a torque, there being integrally connected to said toothed ring a stator (3) in the form of a housing, having a locking cover (4) which is separate from the stator (3), wherein the locking cover (4) is connected rotationally conjointly to the stator (3), wherein the stator (3) and the locking cover (4), at least during assembly, are held rotationally conjointly secured in said position by means of a projection (9) on one of the two components, which projection engages with a form fit into a recess (11) on the other of the two components. A camshaft adjuster having a rotor and having a correspondingly designed stator-cover unit (1), wherein a piston can be introduced, movably in an axial direction, into an opening of the locking cover (4).

Abstract: A camshaft adjusting device of a drive, such as a motor vehicle drive, for example, for adjusting a phase position of a cam segment may include a camshaft and a phase shifter that is operatively connected to the camshaft. The camshaft may comprise a shaft segment including an inner shaft and an outer shaft at least partially surrounding the inner shaft. The camshaft adjusting device may further comprise a drive segment for driving the shaft segment and a cam segment that is connected in a form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner to the outer shaft. The phase shifter may comprise a rotor element and a stator element. A compensating element for compensating for part tolerances between the camshaft and the phase shifter can be disposed at least in sections between the rotor element and the drive segment.

Abstract: A variable valve train module for an engine includes a camshaft including at least one cam and a valve control block. The valve control block is positioned on a cylinder head of the engine. The valve control block includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall and houses valve train components configured to control the timing of at least one valve in the cylinder heads between the first and second sidewalls. The valve control block includes a support block forming the first sidewall and a plurality of integral bearing supports extending inwardly from the first sidewall and supporting the camshaft. The valve control block also includes a reinforcing block forming the second sidewall and which is attached to the support block.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to internal combustion engines. Various embodiments of the teachings may include a method for adjusting an actuator element for a camshaft of an internal combustion engine, wherein the actuator element is coupled to the camshaft to adjust a camshaft setting. The method may include determining a torque imposed by a component of the engine, based on an operating parameter and controlling an adjuster of the actuator to counteract the determined torque and resist adjustment of the actuator element and the camshaft setting. Without controlling the adjuster, the torque is transmitted from the camshaft to the actuator element and can bring about an adjustment of the actuator element and of the camshaft setting. The magnitude of the adjustment corresponds to the torque imposed by the component.

Abstract: An embedded-component-type actuator is provided. The actuator includes an output shaft that is rotated, a planetary gear set that forms an overlapping section coaxially with the output shaft, and a motor that is coupled to the overlapping section of the planetary gear set. A sensing controller detects a rotation angle of the output shaft. The output shaft passes an actuator housing and the planetary gear set, the motor, and the sensing controller are arranged in series, thus minimizing a package. Additionally, the actuator is applied as the power source of a CVVD system to improve mountability to a complex engine room due to the space occupancy minimization.

Abstract: A planetary rotor includes: a planetary gear engaged with a driving rotor and a driven rotor on an eccentric side; and a single sequence type planetary bearing having an outer ring held by the planetary gear, an inner ring supported by a planetary carrier in the radial direction and receiving a restoring force from an elastic component, and a plurality of spherical rolling elements interposed between the outer ring and the inner ring. The outer ring is arranged to form a rolling contact part in contact with the spherical rolling element on the eccentric side, with a contact angle to a specific side in the axial direction. A thrust-bearing part where the driving rotor is supported by the driven rotor on the specific side and on the eccentric side is located closer to a rotation center line of the driven rotor than the rolling contact part is.

Abstract: A spring holder supporting a torsion spring applying an urging force in a valve opening/closing timing control apparatus is configured to be able to be attached to an appropriate position relative to a driven side rotary body and rotatable in unison. The spring holder includes a seat portion that is connected and fixed to the driven side rotary body, a guide portion that extends along a rotational axis, an alignment portion fitted into an engaging portion of the driven side rotary body and a restricted portion fitted into a restricting portion of the driven side rotary body. A support portion holding an end of the torsion spring is formed in the guide portion.

Abstract: A valve opening and closing timing control device includes: a driving-side rotating body synchronously rotated with a crankshaft of an engine and having a lid member fixed in a direction of the rotational axis; a driven-side rotating body integrally rotated with a camshaft for opening and closing a valve on the same rotational axis; a lock mechanism having a lock member moving in the direction and a lock recessed portion formed inside the lid member and into which the lock member is able to be fitted; and a torsion spring disposed outside the lid member and exerting a biasing force to the driving-side and driven-side rotating bodies, wherein a restricting projection portion for restricting a movement of the torsion spring in the direction is formed in the lid member.

Abstract: A valve opening/closing timing control apparatus includes: a driving side rotator configured to rotate synchronously with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine; a driven side rotator disposed coaxially with a rotation axis of the driving side rotator so as to rotate integrally with a valve opening and closing camshaft; a connecting bolt disposed coaxially with the rotation axis to connect the driven side rotator to the camshaft and having an advanced angle port and a retarded angle port formed to extend from an outer peripheral surface to an inner space thereof, which respectively communicate with an advanced angle chamber and a retarded angle chamber between the driving side rotator and the driven side rotator; and a valve unit disposed in the inner space of the connecting bolt, in which the valve unit includes a check valve, and the check valve includes an opening plate and a valve plate.

Abstract: A valve opening/closing timing control apparatus includes: a driving side rotator configured to rotate synchronously with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine; a driven side rotator disposed coaxially with a rotation axis of the driving side rotator and configured to rotate integrally with a valve opening/closing camshaft; a connecting bolt disposed coaxially with the rotation axis to connect the driven side rotator to the camshaft, and having an advanced angle port and a retarded angle port formed to extend from an outer peripheral surface to an inner space thereof, the advanced angle port and the retarded angle port communicating with an advanced angle chamber and a retarded angle chamber between the driving side rotator and the driven side rotator, respectively; and a valve unit disposed in the inner space of the connecting bolt.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for an engine with a cam torque actuated variable cam timing phaser. Phaser positioning control is improved by reducing inaccuracies resulting from inadvertent spool valve and/or phaser movement when the spool valve is commanded between regions. In addition, improved spool valve mapping is used to render phaser commands more consistent and robust.

Abstract: A camshaft adjuster (1) for driving and/or adjusting a camshaft (2) of an internal combustion engine, including a stator (3) and a concentric rotor (6) which is arranged within the stator in a rotatable manner. At least the stator (3) has a central receiving area (31) for receiving the camshaft (2), and at least one projection (13) which protrudes radially inwards is provided on a radial inner edge (12) of the central receiving area (31) in order to engage behind a camshaft (2) connecting piece (20) which protrudes radially outwards. A camshaft adjuster/camshaft combination (26) including such a camshaft adjuster (1) and a camshaft (2) which has a connecting piece (20) that projects radially. The projection (13) preferably engages behind the connecting piece (20). A method for assembling the camshaft adjuster/camshaft combination (26) is also provided.

Abstract: A control valve (1) for a camshaft adjustment device, and to an internal combustion engine having a camshaft adjustment device and a control valve (1) is provided. The control valve (1) includes a valve housing (3) and a pressure medium guiding insert (23) arranged coaxially in a recess of the valve housing (3). A discharge passage (27, 28) of the pressure medium guiding insert (23) transitions into a discharge duct (22) running in the axial direction, wherein the discharge connection T can be connected to the control connections A, B and wherein the discharge connection T is arranged in a region between the second end (8), which is opposite the first end (6), and the control connections A, B.

Abstract: A method for determining the angular position of an engine by a crankshaft sensor and a camshaft sensor. The method includes production by the crankshaft sensor of a revolution event, determination of the angular position of the camshaft by identifying the start-of-tooth and end-of-tooth events following the revolution event, in rapid mode, over at most one revolution of the crankshaft, if a no tooth event occurs after the revolution event and if the determination of the angular position of the camshaft fails, the method continues with a step of determining the angular position of the camshaft by identification, in slow mode, over at least two crankshaft revolutions.

Abstract: A composite profile evaluating method includes an adjusting step and a composite profile detecting step. In the adjusting step, a relative position between a fixed cam and a movable cam is adjusted. In the composite profile detecting step, at least either one of a first contact element, which is displaced along a diametrical direction of the fixed cam upon contacting a cam surface of the fixed cam, and a second contact element, which is displaced integrally with the first contact element and along a diametrical direction of the movable cam upon contacting a cam surface of the movable cam, is brought into contact with the cam surface of the fixed cam or the movable cam. In such a state, the composite profile is obtained by rotating the fixed cam and the movable cam, and detecting the amounts of displacement of the first and second contact elements.

Abstract: A filter assembly including a filter screen (27) comprising a band (27?) of porous material extending between two axially aligned opposing ends (38, 38?) and defining a cylindrical periphery (29), wherein the ends (38, 38?) are each secured to a dynamic tensioning mechanism (46) that permits the ends (38, 38?) to move bi-directionally relative to one another about the periphery (29) of the filter screen (27).