Abstract: An apparatus for treating an exhaust gas stream from cold startup through continuous operating conditions of an internal combustion engine includes an oxidizing catalyst bed disposed in an exhaust pipe and a reducing catalyst bed disposed in the exhaust pipe downstream from the oxidizing catalyst bed. The oxidizing catalyst bed has one or more oxidizing catalysts and the reducing catalyst bed has one or more reducing catalysts. A method is provided for treating an exhaust gas stream both during cold start and during continuous operating conditions of an internal combustion engine by passing the stream through an oxidizing catalyst bed having one or more oxidizing catalysts at a light off temperature; a reducing catalyst bed having one or more reducing catalysts and providing hydrogen into the reducing catalyst bed to condition the reducing catalyst; and introducing hydrogen into the internal combustion engine during cold startup.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine fuel system described includes a structure for mixing the alternative fuel, preferably hydrogen, with oxygen in ambient air to stratify the fuel. The system includes an adapter, and the adapter includes a housing mounted between spark plug and cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A plug is placed within the housing. The plug has ridges or grooves on its outer surface that act as mixing structures. Thus, when hydrogen is introduced into the adapter housing it is mixed with ambient oxygen within the chamber as it flows over the plug. The mixing structures in the housing creates a vortexing action as the hydrogen flows over the plug and towards the cylinder of the engine. An electrode protrudes from the plug towards the cylinder. The electrode is preferably platinum and generates the necessary spark to create combustion of the hydrogen/air mixture adjacent to the cylinder to thereby power the cylinder in the engine.

Abstract: The gas engine with a gas fuel reforming device thermally decomposes CH.sub.4, a major component of natural gas, into a reformed fuel of CO and H.sub.2 to increase the heat produced and thereby reduce the CO.sub.2 content in the exhaust gas and prevent the formation of NO.sub.x. The gas engine mixes CH.sub.4 with CO.sub.2 and sends the gas mixture to the catalyst reactor installed in the exhaust passage where the gas mixture is thermally decomposed into a reformed fuel by using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas. CO.sub.2 is extracted from the exhaust gas by the CO.sub.2 supply device which in turn sends the CO.sub.2 to the catalyst reactor. The CO.sub.2 supply device comprises a CO.sub.2 dissolving device that accommodates a solution to dissolve CO.sub.2 of low-temperature exhaust gas and a CO.sub.2 delivery device installed in the exhaust passage through which high-temperature exhaust gas flows and adapted to release CO.sub.2 from the solution supplied from the CO.sub.2 dissolving device. The CO.sub.

Abstract: Molded bodies of a hydrogen absorbing alloy accommodated in a hydrogen storage container are made readily replaceable to ensure stabilized supply of hydrogen gas. When exhibiting an impaired hydrogen absorbing-desorbing capacity, the molded bodies can be easily replaced by new molded bodies, whereby a specified hydrogen absorbing-desorbing capacity can be maintained. The hydrogen gas released from the storage container is partly utilized to heat the container and thereby maintain the alloy at a predetermined temperature, consequently assuring a device, such as a fuel cell, of stabilized supply of hydrogen from the container.

Abstract: A method of stoichiometrically operating an internal combustion engine. The engine is equipped with a pre-engine catalyst, which produces syngas from natural gas and air. The engine receives the syngas, as well as natural gas, and recirculated exhaust gas. The amount of syngas and the amount of recirculated exhaust gas are maximized for a desired engine efficiency and NO.sub.x emissions level.

Abstract: This is a procedure for producing power and a hybrid power generation unit for practicing such a process. In particular, the procedure uses a thermal or catalytic cracker to partially crack or partially pyrolyze a liquid petroleum fuel to produce a gaseous stream containing hydrogen (and perhaps methane or other short-chain hydrocarbons) and a liquid hydrocarbon intermediate fuel. The hydrogen is then used in a fuel cell to produce electricity which then used in a linear or rotary electric motor. The intermediate liquid fuel is then fed to an internal or external combustion engine for further production of mechanical power. Most preferred of the combustion engines is one running on an Atkinson cycle.

Abstract: Systems for producing hydrogen-rich gases including rapid response plasma fuel converters are provided. The rapid response plasma fuel converters systems are suitable for use in vehicles and the like in which the systems are capable of instantaneously providing hydrogen-rich gas, reducing pollutants during vehicle startup and allowing use of hydrogen-rich gas during load changes. The systems are preferably capable of responding on the order of a second or less. The systems include a plasma fuel converter for receiving hydrocarbon fuel and reforming the hydrocarbon fuel into a hydrogen-rich gas, an internal combustion engine adapted to receive the hydrogen-rich gas from the plasma fuel converter, a generator powered by the engine and connected to deliver electrical energy to power the plasma fuel converter, and a power supply circuit capable of rapidly providing power to the plasma fuel converter in response to a stimulus.

Abstract: A hydrogen fuel system including an engine is mounted on a vehicle and is operable when the engine is running, for generating and storing hydrogen on the vehicle. The system includes a hydrogen gas tank, a chemical reactor with catalyst, a heat exchanger, an alcohol tank and an acetic ether tank. The alcohol from the alcohol tank is vaporized in the heat exchanger, reacts with the catalyst in the chemical reactor and forms hydrogen which passes to the hydrogen gas tank and acetic ether, which is stored in the acetic ether tank.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine fuel system described includes a structure for mixing the alternative fuel, preferably hydrogen, with oxygen in ambient air to stratify the fuel. The system includes an adapter, and the adapter includes a housing mounted between spark plug and cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A plug is placed within the housing. The plug has ridges or grooves on its outer surface that act as mixing structures. Thus, when hydrogen is introduced into the adapter housing it is mixed with ambient oxygen within the chamber as it flows over the plug. The mixing structures in the housing create a vortexing action as the hydrogen flows over the plug and towards the cylinder of the engine. An electrode protrudes from the plug towards the cylinder. The electrode is preferably platinum and generates the necessary spark to create combustion of the hydrogen/air mixture adjacent to the cylinder to thereby power the cylinder in the engine.

Abstract: Method of generating electrical power without emission of harmful substances from combustion of a water-derived fuel gas mixture. An underwater carbon arc operated in the absence of hydrocarbons results in a mixture of gases, being non-self-combustible but combustible as a fuel gas in the presence of air, and comprising gaseous hydrogen in major amount and carbon oxides in minor amount, mainly carbon monoxide. The fuel gas is adapted, along with air, to run an internal combustion engine driving an electrical generator and so to provide useful electrical power without the harmful emissions usual in combustion of fossil fuels.

Abstract: An electrolytic fueling system for engine comprises generally a water tank, an electrolyte, a segregator, an acetone container, an automatic air valve, a pressure control device and a multi-point antibackfire device connected by a number of conduits or passage thereinbetween for producing dried and purified gas of hydrogen and oxygen to run a generic combustion engine. The improvement of this disclosure is characterized in adapting a plurality of cup shaped water absorbing sintered alloy blocks which are of different size and sequentially nested in the electrolyte and interlocked with the anodes and cathodes of the power source. The electrolyte in which the blocks immerse is a mixture of fresh water and potassium hydroxide (KOH) in predetermined proportion.

Abstract: A hydrogen and natural gas fuel mixture for internal combustion engines is provided for vehicle engines such as those used in standard production engines for automobiles, trains and lawn mowers. The gaseous fuel for operating a vehicle combustion engines includes approximately 21 to 50% Hydrogen and the rest natural gas constituents such as combinations of Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Ethane, Propane, Iso-Butane, N-Butane, Iso Pentane, N-Pentane, and Hexanes Plus. A fuel mixture of approximately 28 to 36 percent Hydrogen and a air fuel equivalence ratio of approximately 0.625 is an extreme lean burn condition that yields hydrocarbon emission levels of less than approximately 104 ppm(0.84 hm/hp hr.). Current internal combustion engines that are in mass production can take this alternative fuel without any substantial modifications to their systems. This alternative fuel is lean burning and emits emissions that are below current legal standards.

Abstract: The hybrid drive arrangement according to the invention has a thermal engine that can be operated on a fuel containing hydrocarbons and capable of generating hydrogen. A storage device is provided for the fuel, with an energy storage device for the energy generated by the thermal engine. A drive motor is supplied, depending on the operating state, by the energy from the thermal engine and/or the energy storage device, as well as a method for operation thereof. A hydrogen-generating unit connected to receive fuel from the fuel storage and generates hydrogen from the fuel. The thermal engine is designed for optional operation on the fuel that can be supplied from the storage device or on the hydrogen that is generated.

Abstract: Operation of mechanically or electrically driven vehicles, whether suitable for air, land, or sea transport, substantially pollution-free by operating their internal-combustion engines on a leak-resistant fuel gas derived by pyrolysis of carbon and water.

Abstract: The new iron material and catalyst admixture of this invention feature a method for operating an automotive vehicle that is designed to internally combust hydrogen generated in situ aboard the vehicle. The method of the invention utilizes hydrogen from an onboard reactor to power an automotive vehicle. Hydrogen from the onboard reactor is generated by a bed of iron that is made to react with H.sub.2 O in the presence of an alkali hydroxide catalyst at temperatures not exceeding approximately 250.degree. C. The preferred alkali hydroxide is the hydroxide of potassium in a range of concentrations between 50 to 60 percent by weight, with the preferred concentration being about 53%. The iron materials of this invention may comprise in situ freshly-ground particulates as an added enhancement for the reactivity between the iron and H.sub.2 O. The particles range in diameter size from approximately 25 to 1,200 .mu.

Abstract: A hydrogen and natural gas fuel mixture for internal combustion engines is provided for vehicle engines such as those used in standard production engines for automobiles, trains and lawn mowers. The gaseous fuel for operating a vehicle combustion engines includes approximately 21 to 50% Hydrogen and the rest natural gas constituents such as combinations of Methane, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen, Ethane, Propane, Iso-Butane, N-Butane, Iso Pentane, N-Pentane, and Hexanes Plus. A fuel mixture of approximately 28 to 36 percent Hydrogen and a air fuel equivalence ratio of approximately 0.625 is an extreme lean burn condition that yields hydrocarbon emission levels of less than approximately 104 ppm (0.84 hm/hp hr.). Current internal combustion engines that are in mass production can take this alternative fuel without any substantial modifications to their systems. This alternative fuel is lean burning and emits emissions that are below current legal standards.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fuel/gas delivery system for use with operating an internal combustion engine in which quantities of a hydrocarbon fuel and hydrogen are introduced into the combustion chamber of the engine. The combustion chamber is provided with an igniter and the delivery of hydrogen is timed relative to both the delivery of the fuel and the activation of the igniter to establish an ignitable mixture at the igniter at the time of activation of the igniter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control system for use with an automated intravenous drug and fluid infusion system having plural pumping channels that operate independently for intravenously infusing drugs and fluid. The pumping channels are controlled by a microprocessor-based host controller that monitors each of the channels concurrently. In an exemplary embodiment, the system functions include identifying the particular drug that is to be pumped through a channel, preventing priming of a channel unless verification is provided that the channel is not connected to a patient and initiating the priming of each of the pumping channels independently.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. The heated exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine are brought into direct and indirect contact with a liquid hydrocarbon fuel injected into a fuel chamber to form a mixture of vaporized liquid hydrocarbon fuel and heated exhaust gases. The mixture is passed through a passageway and further heated by non-contacting exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to reform the mixture to hydrogen gas within the passageway for combustion in the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Device and method of generating hydrogen from water and utilizing simultaneously the generated hydrogen gas as alternative fuel or supplemental for automotive and other engines as means to replace up to at least as much as 80% of the hydro-carbon fuels used by such engines. The hydrogen generating device comprises an electrolytic cell or combination of two or more cells energized by a high density direct current of as much as 5,000 amperes, such electrical energy derived from the automotive engine by transforming mechanical energy to electrical energy by means of a direct current generator. The electrolytic cell or cells is supplied by a continuous feed water supply system. Increased capacities are possible due to high amperage loads attainable by the electrolytic cell without overheating.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas supply system for a hydrogen engine has a hydrogen gas cartridge which is detachably attached to the engine. The cartridge has a casing in which hydrogen gas storage alloy and a heating medium passage for heating the hydrogen gas storage alloy are housed. The engine is provided with a hydrogen gas supply passage which leads hydrogen gas discharged from the hydrogen gas cartridge to the engine, a heating medium supply passage which supplies heating medium to the heating medium passage in the hydrogen gas cartridge and a heating medium return passage through which the heating medium flows out of the hydrogen gas cartridge is returned. The hydrogen gas cartridge is provided with a hydrogen gas takeout port, a heating medium inlet and a heating medium outlet.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell for use in connection with a combustion engine, for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases which are added to the fuel delivery system as a supplement to the gasoline or other hydrocarbons burned therein. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are drawn out of the cell using an electric pump or other reliable source. The outlet side of the pump is connected to the air intake manifold using a hose having a terminating insert. The insert, typically formed from copper tube bent at an appropriate angle, insures that the hydrogen and oxygen gas outlet from the pump is in the same direction as the downstream airflow in the air intake manifold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for enhancing the combustion efficiency of an internal combustion engine having one or more combustion chambers. The apparatus comprises an electrical power source having a voltage output, a power supply in electrical communication with output of the electrical power source, and an electrolytic cell having a cathode and an anode immersed in an aqueous electrolytic solution. The anode and the cathode are in electrical communication with the power supply output. The power supply optimizes the voltage output of the power source for use with the electrolytic cell. In turn, the electrolytic cell breaks down the aqueous solution into a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases which is conveyed to the combustion chamber of the engine.

Abstract: The present invention 10 comprises a hollow main canister 12 having a plurality of conductive plates 19 interposed therein each acting as both an anode and a cathode when electrolysis of an electrolytic fluid, such as potassium hydroxide, occurs in the main canister. The electrolysis reaction is powered by a current source 24 normally attached to an electrode 14 interposed in the main canister 12 seeking the grounded walls of the main canister 11. The current can also be attached to the walls of the main canister and the electrode 14 grounded. The voltage is divided between the conductive plates 19 in this circuit. The produced ionized hydrogen and oxygen from the electrolytic reaction is directed through the main canister to the combustion situs 23 of an internal combustion engine fuel/air mixture system through the use of a delivery fitting 21 and a delivery tube 22.

Abstract: In order to provide a method for operating a motor-vehicle engine adapted to be driven by hydrogen gas, wherein hydrogen gas is compressed to an operational pressure level required for the high-pressure injection, which also enables a hydrogen engine to be operated at a storage pressure of the hydrogen gas conveyed in the motor vehicle which is below the operational pressure level required for the high-pressure injection, it is suggested that the hydrogen gas at a pressure below the operational pressure level be cooled to cryogenic temperatures and that the cold gas be compressed by means of a compressor operating at cryogenic temperatures and heated up again in the compressed state.

Abstract: Rotary power system. The system includes a source of hydrocarbon fuel which is supplied to a plasmatron which reforms the fuel into a hydrogen-rich gas. An internal combustion engine is connected to receive the hydrogen-rich gas from the plasmatron. The engine powers an electrical generator and the generated electricity is connected to the plasmatron. In one embodiment, the engine also receives hydrocarbon fuel along with the hydrogen rich gas. The combination of plasmatron and internal combustion engine results in lowered exhaust emissions. The plasmatron may include water plasmatrons and partial oxidation plasmatrons.

Abstract: Method of generating electrical power without emission of harmful substances from combustion of a water-derived fuel gas mixture. An underwater carbon arc operated in the absence of hydrocarbons results in a mixture of gases, being non-self-combustible but combustible as a fuel gas in the presence of air, and comprising gaseous hydrogen in major amount and carbon oxides in minor amount, mainly carbon monoxide. The fuel gas is adapted, along with air, to run an internal combustion engine driving an electrical generator and so to provide useful electrical power without the harmful emissions usual in combustion of fossil fuels.

Abstract: Rotary power system. The system includes a source of hydrocarbon fuel which is supplied to a plasmatron which reforms the fuel into a hydrogen-rich gas. An internal combustion engine is connected to receive the hydrogen-rich gas from the plasmatron. The engine powers an electrical generator and the generated electricity is connected to the plasmatron. In one embodiment, the engine also receives hydrocarbon fuel along with the hydrogen rich gas. The combination of plasmatron and internal combustion engine results in lowered exhaust emissions.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel rotary piston engine has a rotor housing and a rotor. A side housing of the rotor housing is provided with an air intake port for supplying air to working chambers defined in the rotor housing and a gaseous fuel port which is connected to a gaseous fuel source through a fuel supply passage and through which gaseous fuel is supplied to the working chambers. The air intake port is formed to open near the top dead center on the intake stroke and close after the bottom dead center on the intake stroke. The gaseous fuel port is formed to open near the opening time of the air intake port and close substantially at the middle of the compression stroke. Additionally, a hydrogen engine is connected to a hydrogen discharging tank containing a hydrogen storage alloy by way of a heating medium passage and a hydrogen supply passage. A pressure tank is provided in the hydrogen supply passage.

Abstract: A gas-injection valve for injecting gaseous fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve housing and, disposed therein, a longitudinally displaceable piston having connected thereto a poppet valve for controlling an injection port, which poppet valve opens in the direction of gas flow, said piston separating a gas space from an operating space adapted to be pressurized by having hydraulic control fluid fed thereto by a pressure pump, and the gas pressure within the gas space alone being sufficient to move the poppet valve to and to hold it in its closed position when the operating space is depressurized.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. The heated exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine are brought into direct and indirect contact with a liquid hydrocarbon fuel to vaporize the liquid hydrocarbon fuel and form a mixture of vaporized liquid hydrocarbon fuel and heated exhaust gases. The mixture is passed through a passageway and further heated by non-contacting exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to reform the mixture to hydrogen gas within the passageway for combustion in the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In order to improve a method for filling a cryotank with liquid hydrogen, in which thermal energy is introduced into the liquid hydrogen by the transfer of the liquid hydrogen to the cryotank, such that the amount of gas which results during filling of a cryotank and is carried away via the gas return line is reduced to as great an extent as possible, preferably to zero, it is suggested that for filling hydrogen be used at a pressure and a temperature corresponding to an undercooled state of the liquid hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage device (2) includes a vessel (4) and a hydrogen storage bed (6) disposed in the vessel (4). The hydrogen storage bed (6) includes a polymeric material (8) having a plurality of micropores less than about 1 nm in diameter and at least one hydride forming metal (10) imbedded within the polymeric material (8). The device also includes means for optically and thermally decomposing the metal hydride to release hydrogen and means for conveying hydrogen into and out of the storage device (2). The hydrogen storage bed (6) may be made by distributing a hydride forming metal (10) within the polymeric material (8) while the polymeric material (8) is in an uncured state. A metal hydride may be formed in the presence of hydrogen at a pressure such that the hydrogen bonds to the hydride forming metal (10) to form a metal hydride within the polymeric material (8).

Abstract: A hydrogen gas supply system, having metal hydride alloy tanks in which hydrogen at a specific pressure is released within a specified range of temperatures and supplied to a hydrogen engine, is accompanied by a coolant circulation system in which the engine and tanks are connected in parallel, for circulating a coolant through the engine and the tanks. The system executes temperature regulation of the coolant to the tank by mixing the coolant returning from the tanks with the coolant delivered from the engine when the coolant from the engine is at above the specified temperature range.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus for use with a gaseous fuel engine is provided with an intake passage having an inlet port open to a cylinder and adapted for supplying air into the cylinder therethrough; a fuel supply device for supplying gaseous fuel into the cylinder, the fuel supply device including at least two fuel supply systems each of which is provided with fuel amount adjusting mechanism for adjusting an amount of gaseous fuel to be supplied, the fuel supply systems including high and low pressure fuel supply systems used in a high induction zone where a large amount of air is admitted into the cylinder and in a low induction zone where a small amount of air is admitted into the cylinder, the high pressure fuel supply system being constructed so that the gaseous fuel is supplied into the cylinder during a former half of a compression stroke following an air intake stroke of the engine at a pressure higher than a pressure in the cylinder through a gaseous fuel supply port open to the cylinder independently of

Abstract: An improved on-board storage and use system employing a gaseous hydrocarbon fuel to power internal combustion engine vehicles is disclosed. Storage of the fuel by sorption in a plurality of storage vessels at above atmospheric pressure enables subsequent removal for use during vehicle operation to include using an air stream in a particular manner for greater fuel recovery.

Abstract: A system for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases that are mixed with fuel supplied to the engine of a vehicle. The system includes a generating unit that utilizes electrolysis to produce the gases from the electrolyte. The anode and cathode plates of the generating unit are made of stainless steel, and the electrolyte is glacial acetic which produces the hydrogen and oxygen with a minimum amount of sediment and no deterioration of the plates.

Abstract: A fuel supply system for a hydrogen gas engine, having a metal hydride tank in which pellets or powders of a metal hydride absorbing and storing alloy are stored. A heat exchange device is arranged in the tank in contact with the metal hydride therein. The heat exchange device is connected to a heating medium source, such as an engine water jacket, for supplying the heating medium to the heat exchange device, for separating hydrogen gas from the metal hydride. A fuel supply conduit is provided for connecting the metal hydride tank with the engine. A hydrogen gas flow control valve and a hydrogen gas flow meter are arranged in series in the conduit. A controller is provided for controlling the hydrogen gas flow control valve so that a desired amount of the hydrogen gas, as detected by the hydrogen gas flow meter, is obtained. A sub tank may be provided for storing an excess amount of hydrogen gas from the main tank, which is introduced into the engine via a sonic valve.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed herein for reducing engine nitrogen oxide emissions by mixing hydrogen prepared from a portion of engine fuel within a simple burner. The apparatus includes a burner having an internal combustion chamber for receiving either a portion of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel for mixture with air and subsequent ignition by a spark plug. A mixing chamber is included having a series of baffles against which injected air and fuel vapor impinge causing thorough and complete air/fuel blending into a mixture subsequently ignited and burned, and then discharged into the combustion chamber of the engine itself. A preheating arrangement is provided for raising the temperature of the air/fuel mixture via a heat exchanging process with the combusted gases in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gas fuel for an internal combustion engine comprising a mixture of gases having a proportion of hydrogen to oxygen of approximately 2:1 and a regulated density of the hydrogen component of the mixture such that the burn rate of the mixture approximates that of a fossil fuel and a system for maintaining the foregoing gas fuel mixture and characteristics in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel rotary piston engine has a rotor housing and a rotor. A side housing of the rotor housing is provided with an air intake port for supplying air to working chambers defined in the rotor housing and a gaseous fuel port which is connected to a gaseous fuel source through a fuel supply passage and through which gaseous fuel is supplied to the working chambers. The air intake port is formed to open near the top dead center on the intake stroke and close after the bottom dead center on the intake stroke. The gaseous fuel port is formed to open near the opening time of the air intake port and close substantially at the middle of the compression stroke.

Abstract: An electrolysis cell is provided for use in connection with a combustion engine, for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases which are added to the fuel delivery system as a supplement to the gasoline or other hydrocarbons burned therein. The hazard of explosion of the mixture of generated gases is eliminated by withdrawing the gases through a connection with the vacuum line of the positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system of the engine and by utilizing a slip-fitted top cap for the electrolysis cell, which cooperates with the PCV vacuum line to prevent explosive containment of generated gases in case of accident. Use of the generated gases as a fuel supplement enables substantial increases in fuel efficiency, while at the same time reducing the emission of pollutants.

Abstract: Apparatus is disclosed herein for reducing engine nitrogen oxide emissions by mixing hydrogen prepared from a portion of engine fuel within a simple burner. The apparatus includes a burner having an internal combustion chamber for receiving either a portion of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel for mixture with air and subsequent ignition by a spark plug. A mixing chamber is included having a series of baffles against which injected air and fuel vapor impinge causing thorough and complete air/fuel blending into a mixture subsequently ignited and burned, and then discharged into the combustion chamber of the engine itself.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine in which a supply of treated water charged air is provided to the internal combustion engine. The atomic structure of the water is partially dissassembled due to exposure to oxygen attractive metal and also by the addition of a limited amount of chlorine to the liquid water. Water vapor is provided to the air stream through the use of an evaporative pad; this pad has an adjustable exposed surface area, thereby permitting the fine-tuning adjustment of the amount of humidity generated so as to maximize the efficiency of the engine. The presence of the oxygen attractive metal, such as zinc, when combined with the slightly acidic water vapor tends to dislodge oxygen from the hydrogen; this free oxygen and hydrogen recombine in the engine's cylinder to provide added energy release.

Abstract: A hydrogen-fueled engine has an intake valve, a hydrogen supply valve and an exhaust valve, which are operated to open and close relative to a combustion chamber, and a control valve provided in a hydrogen supply pipe to control the output of the engine through the control of the flow amount of hydrogen. This control valve is a pressure control valve to adjust the pressure of hydrogen to be supplied. The hydrogen supply valve is operated by an apparatus of the type capable of adjusting the lift and the valve timing. In this engine, the hydrogen to be supplied to the combustion chamber is controlled on the basis of control signals corresponding to load conditions by both the pressure control valve and the hydrogen supply valve under at least one of either the low-load condition or the high-load condition, and substantially only by the pressure control valve under an intermediate-load condition.

Abstract: A fuel combustion process is provided for a multi-cylinder engine for reducing exhaust emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. The process includes the steps of introducing hydrocarbon fuel in a first engine cylinder, burning the hydrocarbon fuel and producing exhaust gases, introducing the exhaust gases in a second cylinder, introducing hydrogen in the second cylinder, and burning the hydrogen with the exhaust gases, thereby producing exhaust emissions having a lower carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon content than that of the exhaust gases produced in the first cylinder.

Abstract: An energy system comprises a solid polyelectrolyte film in the water bath, and a source of electric current connected to the film, for generating hydrogen. The hydrogen is mixed with gasoline in an amount, dependent upon the size of load on the engine, the thinness of the mixed gas, the size of the mixing ration, and the ignition time, to obtain the minimum time for the best torque (MBT).

Abstract: An aqueous fuel for an internal combustion engine is provided. The fuel comprises water from about 20 percent to about 80 percent by volume of the total volume of said fuel, and a carbonaceous fuel selected from the class consisting of ethanol, methanol, gasoline, kerosene fuel, diesel fuel, carbon-containing gaseous or liquid fuel, or mixtures thereof. A method for combusting an aqueous fuel in an internal combustion engine is provided. The method produces approximately as much power as the same volume of gasoline. The method comprises introducing air and aqueous fuel into a fuel introduction system for the engine.

Abstract: A water to fuel production apparatus including a tank divided into compartments for producing hydrogen in one compartment and oxygen in another compartment, where the gases produced do not contact each other in the compartments or until they are mixed prior to entering an internal combustion engine. A control system including cathodes and anodes in the compartments and a switching system to turn individual cathodes and anodes on or off.

Abstract: An aqueous fuel for an internal combustion engine is provided. The fuel comprises water from about 20 percent to about 80 percent by volume of the total volume of said fuel, and a carbonaceous fuel selected from the class consisting of ethanol, methanol, gasoline, kerosene fuel, diesel fuel, carbon-containing gaseous or liquid fuel, or mixtures thereof. A method for combusting an aqueous fuel in an internal combustion engine is provided. The method produces approximately as much power as the same volume of gasoline. The method comprises introducing air and aqueous fuel into a fuel introduction system for the engine.