Abstract: A fuel comprising natural gas modified by the addition of hydrogen in appropriate proportions to produce a mixture with a burn rate that matches the burn rate of the gasoline is provided for burning in a gasoline engine without the need for modifications in engine timing, combustion chamber geometry, or other engine design parameters. A mixture of natural gas and nitrogen is also used to increase the knock limit on the power curve of fumigated diesel (compression ignition) engines and to increase the lean burn limit in spark ignition engines.

Abstract: This invention will place less demand on petroleum fuel used in a combustion engine by recycling the exhaust gases, primarily carbon monoxide, used as a reducing agent when combined with hydrogen from the on-board hydrogen generator and will produce a cooler and much less polluting exhaust. The operating cost of a combustion engine will be drastically reduced with much higher performance.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying additional oxygen to a combustion engine is provided which consists of a permeable container affixed against an air cleaning filter in a carburetor of the combustion engine. A mechanism is within the permeable container for converting hydrogen in the air to oxygen, when the air is sucked past the air cleaning filter entering the carburetor.

Abstract: In order to improve a combustion engine for hydrogen comprising a main piston which is displaceable in a main cylinder in a stroke direction between a top dead center, forming a minimum main cylinder chamber with the main cylinder, and a bottom dead center and hereby performs a suction stroke, a compression stroke, a displacement stroke and an exhaust stroke, such that the problems of early ignition are avoided without any internal mixture formation with late injection being required, it is recommended that an auxiliary piston and an auxiliary cylinder be provided for movement relative to one another so as to be in equal phase and synchronous with the main piston and the main cylinder, that the auxiliary piston and the auxiliary cylinder define with one another a cylinder chamber varying between a minimum cylinder chamber in the top dead center and a maximum cylinder chamber in the bottom dead center, that the minimum cylinder chamber communicate with the minimum main cylinder chamber via a passage and that t

Abstract: The present invention 10 comprises a hollow main canister 11 having a series of anodes 25 and cathodes 29 interposed therein for the electrolysis of an electrolytic fluid F, such as potassium hydroxide. The electrolytic reaction is powered through the use of a current source 36 which positively charge the anodes immersed in the electrolytic fluid F. The produced ionized oxygen and hydrogen from the electrolytic reaction is directed through the canister through the combustion situs 45 of an internal combustion fuel/air mixture system through the use of a delivery tube 22. A flash arrestor 44 is used to ensure no flame or backfire migrates through the system and the level of fluid is optically monitored through the use of a liquid level sensor 46. The oxygen and hydrogen interposed within the combustion situs enhances combustion and the cleanliness of the same thereby producing a cleaner and more efficient burn of the hydrocarbon fuel.

Abstract: A fuel composed of water, a compound in which free radicals have been generated and a solute that stabilizes the free radicals while the fuel is in the liquid state but which releases the free radicals when the fuel is sprayed (vaporized) so that the free radicals then dissociate the water to form hydrogen gas in sufficient concentration to support combustion. The most readily available compounds in which free radicals can be generated to provide the fuel are hydrocarbons and carbohydrates. Free radicals may be generated in solids (e.g., sugar) by charring and grinding the sugar then mixing with acid. Free radicals may be generated in liquids by adding an acid. Polar liquids such as alcohols, aldehydes and ketones have been found to be the most effective stabilizers.

Abstract: A hydrogen engine system comprises an engine, a metal hydride container connected with the engine and providing the engine with hydrogen, a heat intermedium providing mechanism connected with the hydrogen occluding alloy container and providing the metal hydride container with heat intermedium, a first control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism and controlling the heat intermedium providing mechanism so that the temperature of the heat intermedium supplied to the metal hydride container be kept at a constant value, and a second control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism between the first control mechanism and the metal hydride container and controlling the amount of the heat intermedium supplied from the heat intermedium providing mechanism to the metal hydride container.

Abstract: A hydrogen engine system comprises an engine, a metal hydride container connected with the engine and providing the engine with hydrogen, a heat intermedium providing mechanism connected with the hydrogen occluding alloy container and providing the metal hydride container with heat intermedium, a first control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism and controlling the heat intermedium providing mechanism so that the temperature of the heat intermedium supplied to the metal hydride container be kept at a constant value, and a second control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism between the first control mechanism and the metal hydride container and controlling the amount of the heat intermedium supplied from the heat intermedium providing mechanism to the metal hydride container.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating system produces hydrogen instantaneously upon contact of a catalyst and a reactant for simultaneous injection into the combustion chamber of an engine. The system includes an injector having an ignition chamber in communication with the combustion chamber. A catalyst is located in the ignition chamber. During the engine intake stroke, a reactant is fed into the ignition chamber where it reacts with the catalyst to produce hydrogen which is instantaneously drawn into the combustion chamber. A spark plug mounted on the injector provides a spark and the hydrogen in the ignition chamber and the combustion chamber explodes. The location of the catalyst in the injector provides for the generation of hydrogen and its immediate injection into the engine combustion chamber for use as a fuel. Automatic regeneration of the catalyst is provided by the fuel explosion, hydrogen and intense heat in the ignition chamber.

Abstract: A hydrogen engine system comprises an engine, a metal hydride container connected with the engine and providing the engine with hydrogen, a heat intermedium providing mechanism connected with the hydrogen occluding alloy container and providing the metal hydride container with heat intermedium, a first control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism and controlling the heat intermedium providing mechanism so that the temperature of the heat intermedium supplied to the metal hydride container be kept at a constant value, and a second control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism between the first control mechanism and the metal hydride container and controlling the amount of the heat intermedium supplied from the heat intermedium providing mechanism to the metal hydride container.

Abstract: A hydrogen engine system comprises an engine, a metal hydride container connected with the engine and providing the engine with hydrogen, a heat intermedium providing mechanism connected with the hydrogen occluding alloy container and providing the metal hydride container with heat intermedium, a first control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism and controlling the heat intermedium providing mechanism so that the temperature of the heat intermedium supplied to the metal hydride container be kept at a constant value, and a second control mechanism connected with the heat intermedium providing mechanism between the first control mechanism and the metal hydride container and controlling the amount of the heat intermedium supplied from the heat intermedium providing mechanism to the metal hydride container.

Abstract: The method by this invention is characterized in that a fuel injection nozzle to inject diesel fuel oil into cylinder and an auxiliary injection nozzle to inject the combustible gas or non-combustible gas into the cylinder are provided, and that said combustible gas or non-combustible gas is injected in the latter stage of the diesel fuel oil combustion. More concretely, a part of the fuel is reformed to combustion gases by a fuel reforming apparatus and the gases are injected, or the combustible gas or non-combustible gas is prepared in another gas cylinder, and this gas is injected in the latter stage of the combustion.

Abstract: Iron filings are contained in a lightweight, compact storage tank for storing pressurized hydrogen gas safely. Sensors detect the tank pressure and control an assembly for stirring the iron filings whenever the tank pressure reaches predetermined set-points. Hydrogen gas is collected in increased quantities during filling, and is released in increased quantities during use due to such stirring action.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an electrolysis cell having a plurality of electrically energized gas conduits is combined with an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The gas generator comprises an electrolysis unit 10 in which gas is generated for subsequent mixing with fuel in an engine assembly. The engine assembly comprises an engine 17, a fuel container for the engine, the aforesaid electrolysis unit 10 and a mixing chamber 26 in which the generated gas is intermixed with the fuel from the fuel container prior to combustion in the engine.

Abstract: A method is proposed for operating an internal combustion engine with decomposition gas generated by gasifying methanol into hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a gasification reactor. The enthalpy necessary for gasifying the methanol is obtained from the heat of the exhaust gas of the engine. To attain high efficiency and high power, the decomposition gas is injected at high pressure directly into the combustion chamber of the engine.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of liquids consisting mainly of methanol as fuels for mobile or stationary combustion engines or as hydrogen sources for fuel cells, which comprises passing the methanol mixture through a reaction chamber containing a noble metal supported catalyst for the catalytic decomposition or steam reforming of methanol, which is composed of: (A) a noble metal component of one or more elements of Group VIII of the Periodic Table on a carrier material which comprises, (B.sub.1) TiO.sub.2 or CeO.sub.2, singly or in admixture with other refractory metallic oxides and/or binders, or (B.sub.2) TiO.sub.2 or CeO.sub.2, applied to the surface of a preformed refractory carrier.

Abstract: Hydrogen is generated by heating a metal surface under water to a temperature at which the metal reacts with water to produce hydrogen. The hydrogen can then be used, for example, as a fuel for a motor vehicle engine or another type of engine. The heating can be done electrically by providing an electrical discharge, under water, between the metal surface and another surface. Water and the metal surface are consumed.

Abstract: A method of obtaining mechanical energy utilizing H.sub.2 O-plasma that is generated in multiple steps. The general field of art of the invention is that of producing a reactive thrust by using plasma. The mechanical energy provided by the invention is produced by explosion of electrically conductive plasma which is generated by dissociating H.sub.2 O. At the first step H.sub.2 O (gas) produced by a gasifier is reduced to a plasmatic state by electrical discharge. At the second step the plasmatic gas is treated by a further and stronger electrical discharge and by high-frequency induction heating, and the energy level of the plasma is raised to a point at which a plasma jet is ready to be produced. At the third step, the plasma jet is generated by periodically modulating the high voltage for the second electrical discharge, and a high-pressure thermal explosion reaction is caused by synchronizing the generation with compression of the plasma jet.

Abstract: Hydrogen and oxygen are dissociated from water by converting water to steam and contacting the steam with resin or oil. Hydrogen is fed as it is dissociated into an internal combustion engine for combustion.

Abstract: In order to achieve efficient refueling with a method and an apparatus for the automatic refilling of a liquid hydrogen tank in a motor vehicle in which the tank is connected to a liquid hydrogen supply line as well as a hydrogen gas return line, it is proposed that prior to commencement of refilling the liquid hydrogen tank the liquid hydrogen supply line in the vehicle be connected to the hydrogen gas return line and that liquid hydrogen be passed through said lines in order to cool them whereby only after they have been cooled is the liquid hydrogen supply line connected to the liquid hydrogen tank. For this purpose, a bypass line connecting the liquid hydrogen supply line to the hydrogen gas return line is provided in the motor vehicle, and electrically operable closing valves are provided in the liquid hydrogen supply line downstream of where the bypass line branches as well as in the bypass line.

Abstract: Oxalic acid, dispersed in glycerol is heated to form formic acid which is then heated at a higher temperature to form hydrogen. By-product carbon dioxide is absorbed. The hydrogen is used directly with a fuel cell to produce electricity or as fuel for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Water is sprayed onto the surface of a bank of conduits or tubes extending through a heat exchange compartment, which conduits carry the hot exhaust gases from a diesel engine at a temperature of approximately 950.degree.-1100.degree. F. The water is sprayed at such a rate that a substantial portion of the water is reformed into a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas and steam. The hydrogen is then mixed with air to form hydrogen enriched air which is introduced into the combustion chamber. When the hydrogen enriched air is compressed, the diesel fuel is introduced with a resulting improvement in fuel efficiency and maximized combustion of the fuel. The water is delivered to the hydrogen generator responsive to the activation of the accelerator pedal at a controlled rate in which the percentage of water to diesel fuel is substantially in the range of 5% to 10%. Air from the engine turbosupercharger is delivered to the hydrogen generator to pick up and carry the hydrogen gas back to the air intake of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel tank for a hydrogen vehicle in which a plurality of fuel cylinders are disposed and contained in a casing of the fuel tank for containing hydrogen storage alloy, the fuel cylinders are connected to a header mounted integrally with the casing for containing the fuel cylinders, a conduit for supplying engine exhaust gas is connected to the casing for externally heating the fuel cylinders in the casing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for propelling a hydrogen engine with ogenically stored hydrogen, wherein a pump, cooled down to an operating temperature close to the hydrogen boiling point, feeds hydrogen to the fuel-injection hydrogen engine. In order to improve the method and the apparatus so that the pump need not be maintained constantly at the operating temperature, it is proposed that the pump, when its temperature exceeds its operating temperature level, be purged with cold hydrogen gas and thus cooled down until its temperature drops to the operating level, and that the hydrogen gas that has been passed through the pump be utilized to propel the hydrogen engine in a partial-load range.

Abstract: A flow through catalytic reactor (10) which selectively catalytically decomposes methanol into a soot-free hydrogen-rich product gas utilizing engine exhaust at temperatures of 200.degree. to 650.degree. C. to provide the heat for vaporizing and decomposing the methanol. The reactor (10) is combined with either a spark ignited (28) or compression ignited (54) internal combustion engine or a gas turbine (202) to provide a combustion engine system. The system may be fueled entirely by the hydrogen-rich gas produced in the methanol decomposition reactor or the system may be operated on mixed fuels for transient power gain and for cold start of the engine system. The reactor (10) includes a decomposition zone formed by a plurality of elongated cylinders (12) which contain a body (114) of vapor-permeable, methanol decomposition catalyst preferably a shift catalyst such as copper-zinc. A vaporizer (14) is provided for vaporizing liquid methanol prior to introduction into the elongated cylinders (12).

Abstract: A metal hydride container, comprising a heat pipe of annular cross section, a metal hydride filling the central cavity of said heat pipe, closure members serving to close the openings at the opposite ends of said central cavity, a hydrogen passage tube possessed of a shut-off valve and fitted into an aperture formed in one of said closure members and communicated with the cavity of the heat pipe through a partition member pervious to hydrogen gas and impervious to said metal hydride; and a metal hydride heat storage system comprising at least one metal hydride container above-mentioned, which is useful for storing solar heat and waste heat.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hydrogen generating system which produces hydrogen instantaneously from water ready for use upon demand. The system includes a reactor that has reaction zones wherein catalyst and elevated temperatures generate hydrogen from steam. The zones in the reactor can be in the form of tubes about a heat generating chamber, and the zones are adapted to be interconnected to each other, to atmosphere, and to the source of steam, all to maximize the generation of hydrogen by providing a reactor of optimum flexibility.The present invention also is directed to systems which include the hydrogen generating system and which utilize the generated hydrogen as a fuel or a chemical.

Abstract: An electrolysis unit for producing hydrogen and oxygen gases is formed by the cooling system of an internal combustion engine wherein the engine casing forms one of the electrodes and produces one of the hydrogen and oxygen gases and the radiator forms the other of the electrodes and produces the other of the gases. The electrolyte used in the electrolysis unit includes a hydride for absorbing and storing hydrogen produced by the electrolysis process and for releasing hydrogen when thermally activated. An array of solar cells is integrated into the body panels of the vehicle wherein the engine is located and is connected to the engine and radiator for supplying current to the electrolysis unit for producing the hydrogen and oxygen gases.

Abstract: Discloses a fuel injection system for the timed introduction of a gaseous fuel such as hydrogen gas into a combustion volume of an internal combustion engine. The system comprises (a) a chamber of fixed volume into which, at one time, gas flows from a fuel source and out of which, at another time, gas flows to a combustion volume of an internal combustion engine and (b) means for varying the pressure of the gas flowing to the chamber.

Abstract: A starter for an alcohol engine, which incorporates a reformer containing catalyst heated by exhaust gas to thereby react fuel alcohol so as to produce reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components and to store the produced gas in the reformer. The reformed gas is supplied to a carburetor of the engine at its starting time to mix it with the main fuel alcohol to supply the mixture to a combustion chamber so as to facilitate easy ignition.

Abstract: A reactor apparatus comprisinga reaction chamber having a wall, inlet means operatively connected to a methanol source, and outlet means connected to an internal combustion engine,inner fins along the chamber wall,dissociation catalyst material within the chamber,an outer housing surrounding the reaction chamber and having an inlet connected to the exhaust of the engine and an outlet, andcombustion catalyst within the space between the chamber wall and the outer housing.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas internal combustion engine provided with a hydrogen gas jet nozzle and water spray jet nozzle in the combustion chamber to directly jet hydrogen gas and the water spray therein. The sprayed water is instantly vaporized to steam by igniting the hydrogen gas thereby utilizing the combustion/explosion energy of the hydrogen gas and the steam energy generated from the vaporization of the steam in a combination to obtain mechanical dynamic energy.

Abstract: In a method of producing fuel for start-up to an automobile internal combustion engine which is continuously operated after start-up on alcohol and/or dissociated alcohol and/or liquid hydrocarbonthe improvement comprising the steps of:(a) providing a readily replaceable first container having an initial amount of hydride therein in fluid flow communication with said internal combustion engine,(b) heating said hydride whereby hydrogen is produced leaving a hydride product and a remainder of hydridesaid remainder of hydride being lesser in amount than said initial amount of hydride,(c) initially starting said engine,whereby hydrogen is produced from the hydride for initially starting said engine and said remainder of hydride without regeneration of hydride product is available for the next starting of said engine.

Abstract: This specification teaches a method of operating an internal combustion engine having combustion chambers on a methanol fuel. In general, the method teaches the steps of heating the fuel to vaporize at least a portion thereof, thereafter heating at least a portion of the vaporized fuel to a decomposition temperature. At least a portion of the vaporized methanol fuel at the decomposition temperature is passed over a catalyst selected from the group consisting essentially of a palladium catalyst, a platinum/palladium catalyst, and a platinum/rhodium catalyst, thereby to decompose at least a part of the vaporized methanol fuel into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The vaporized methanol fuel, along with the hydrogen and carbon monoxide, are injected into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine along with oxygen and, if desired, additional methanol fuel to be burned in the combustion chambers.

Abstract: A methane-powered vehicle can utilize methane which is stored as the fuel in a pressurizable tank containing a solid filling which enables a packing density of methane in adsorbed or otherwise trapped form to exceed 10 times the density of the methane at room temperature and a pressure of about 10 bar. The filling can be readily charged with the methane or can release the methane for powering the vehicle.

Abstract: A method of cold starting an internal combustion engine operated on atomized liquid fuel after start up comprising the steps of:heating a vaporization means with an electrical resistance heating element,heating a catalytic dissociation reactor with an electrical resistance element,pumping liquid alcohol to said heated vaporization means to form a vaporized alcohol,conveying air and vaporized alcohol to said catalytic dissociation reactor wherein partial combustion of said vaporized alcohol occurs as well as dissociation of said vaporized alcohol to form a partial start up fuel mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide,pumping liquid alcohol to an atomization means to form atomized liquid alcohol,adding said partial start up fuel mixture and said atomized liquid alcohol to form a complete start up fuel mixture,conveying said complete start up fuel mixture to said internal combustion engine,starting said internal combustion engine by igniting a mixture of air and complete start up fuel mixture therewithin

Abstract: An improvement to an internal combustion engine having a fuel system for feeding a hydrocarbon fuel-air mixture to the combustion chambers and an auxiliary fuel system which utilizes anhydrous ammonia dissociated into hydrogen and nitrogen gas for use as an auxiliary fuel with the hydrocarbon fuel-air mixture of the engine. The improvements provide for feeding ammonia gas from a relief valve on a storage tank for anhydrous ammonia into the bottom of the windshield wiper container for a vehicle having water therein to absorb the ammonia to prevent the release of the ammonia to the atmosphere. The improvements also provide for a first auxiliary fuel dissociator to dissociate the ammonia utilizing the exhaust heat of the engine and a second auxiliary fuel dissociator to dissociate ammonia until the engine generates sufficient heat for the operation of the first dissociator.

Abstract: A method of fuel treatment and distribution for an internal combustion engine including the sequence of steps as follows:(a) heating a catalyst bed reactor to a start-up temperature using exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine being operated on atomized alcohol; the catalyst bed reactor including a partial combustion catalyst and an alcohol dissociation catalyst;(b) vaporizing liquid alcohol to form alcohol vapor;(c) mixing the alcohol vapor with a fixed flow rate of air to form a partial combustion mixture, the flow rate being substantially fixed at about the flow rate required for adiabatic dissociation of the alcohol vapor at the flow rate of the alcohol vapor during idling of the internal combustion engine;(d) contacting the partial combustion mixture and the partial combustion catalyst and the dissociation catalyst to form a hydrogen-rich fuel;(e) mixing air and the hydrogen rich fuel to form a total combustion mixture;(f) burning the total combustion mixture in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An apparatus for the catalytic transformation of fuel for use with an internal combustion engine is described. The apparatus comprises a catalytic reactor in the form of a chamber containing catalytic material, and through which liquid or vaporized fuel is passed, the reactor chamber being in close thermal communication with the exhaust gases leaving the internal combustion engine. Said reactor chamber is either placed within the exhaust gas chamber of the engine exhaust manifold, or in very close proximity thereto. In a preferred arrangement, there are two reactor chambers in series, one being formed within the exhaust manifold of the engine, and the other being mounted closely adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A fluid metering device is provided including a chambered rotor for metering correctly proportioned mixtures of air and a vaporized fuel to an internal combustion engine. The rotor includes radially disposed chambers and is enclosed in a housing having an inlet port and an outlet port. Upon rotation of the rotor the chambers are alternately biased into flow communication with the inlet port and the outlet port. The inlet port is in flow communication with a gaseous fuel supply and the outlet is in flow communication with an intake to the internal combustion engine. The speed of the rotation of the rotor is adjustable to vary the amount of gaseous fuel presented to the engine for selectively varying the output of the engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to the charging of pressure gas containers used for the storage of hydrogen, on the basis of a gas/solid matter reaction. In the method the container (1) is supported from the outside both on filling and compressing of the storage material (2) and on subsequently charging the material (2) with hydrogen. By this means, deformations of the container wall through expansion of the storage mass or its introduction into the container are inhibited, and the use of larger more economic containers is made possible.

Abstract: A control system for maintaining a desired water level range from electrodes spaced thereabove in a layer of oil where alternating current discharge occurs from electrode down to and through water to another electrode, with the electrical discharge occurring between electrodes disposed at all times in the hydrocarbon oil layer. With the situs of reaction being confined to the oil and the interstitial boundry between the oil and water, dangerous conditions of hydrogen generation are generally obviated over most state-of-the-art methods of producing hydrogen with a highly efficient production process. Hydrocarbon gases and vapors are also produced from the oil with a cracking process occuring to some extent incumbant with the A C discharge from the electrodes through the oil to the water. This has also been found to gradually upgrade the quality of the oil remaining while some is at the same time consumed in the system.

Abstract: A hydrogen generator decomposes water into hydrogen and oxygen, and includes an induction coil which is electrically heated to a temperature sufficient to decompose water passing therethrough. A generator coil is connected in communicating relation to the induction coil, and is positioned in a fire resistant crucible containing ferrous oxide pellets. Oxygen and hydrogen produced by decomposition of water pass through the ferrous oxide pellets where the oxygen reacts with the ferrous oxide and the hydrogen is burned to produce heat for heating a building, such as a conventional home.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for liberation of energy by controlled nuclear fusion reaction involving isotopes of hydrogen gas. Highly ionized hydrogen gas containing a higher proportion of deuterium than in naturally occurring hydrogen is pressurized, together with an oxidizing gas within combustion chamber of reciprocating piston and cylinder engine. An electrical discharge within the combustion chamber causes generation of heat by atomic dissociation and exothermal recombination of hydrogen atoms and electrical excitation of ionized gas. Ionized deuterium in the hydrogen gas undergoes a nuclear fusion reaction with consequent liberation of heat energy and remaining hydrogen gas burns in the oxidizing gas to provide control on fusion reaction. Apparatus for producing ionized hydrogen gas in appropriate form by treatment of normal industrial hydrogen gas is disclosed, and also gas mixing apparatus for mixing the ionized hydrogen with atmospheric air as the oxidizing gas.

Abstract: A method of methyl alcohol treatment and distribution for an automobile internal combustion engine including the sequence of steps as follows:(a) heating a catalyst bed reactor to a start-up temperature using exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine being operated on atomized methyl alcohol; the catalyst bed reactor including a partial combustion catalyst and a methanol dissociation catalyst;(b) isolating the catalyst bed reactor from the exhaust;(c) vaporizing liquid methyl alcohol to form alcohol vapor;(d) mixing the alcohol vapor with air in a constant ratio of oxygen to alcohol at variable alcohol flow rates, to form a partial combustion mixture;(e) contacting the partial combustion mixture and the partial combustion catalyst to exothermically form dissociation mixtures the dissociation mixture including methanol vapor, water vapor, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen each in substantial proportion;(f) contacting the dissociation mixture and the dissociation catalyst to endothermically form hydrogen-rich

Abstract: A combustion engine is provided with a fuel supplementation system in which water is broken down by electrolysis into hydrogen and oxygen which are then added to the fuel delivery system. The electrolysis takes place in a chamber in which a pusher gas rises through perforated horizontal electrode plates to sweep the hydrogen and oxygen from the plates as it is generated, thereby preventing the accumulation of these gases in the chamber. In addition, the electrolyte can be circulated, passing it through a filter, to increase the turbulence and agitation within the chamber. The rate at which the water is electrolyzed is varied, as by modulating the voltage applied to the plates, in accordance with the throttle position of the engine. Since gases do not accumulate in the chamber, variations in the rate at which these gases are yielded are affected substantially instantaneously. Lignite activited water can be added to the electrolyte to inhibit the formation of sludge.

Abstract: A method of fuel treatment and distribution for an automobile internal combustion engine comprising the steps as follows:(a) vaporizing liquid alcohol to form alcohol vapor;(b) providing a substantial amount of engine exhaust heat to an endothermic reactor having an endothermic dissociation catalyst therein,(c) contacting said vapor and said endothermic dissociation catalyst for form a hydrogen-rich gaseous-vapor mixture,(d) mixing said hydrogen-rich gaseous-vapor mixture with air to form a partial combustion mixture,(e) operating an adiabatic reactor without a substantial amount of exhaust heat within an operational temperature range, said adiabatic reactor having a catalyst bed comprising a partial combustion catalyst and a dissociation catalyst,(f) contacting said partial combustion mixture and said partial combustion catalyst and said dissociation catalyst whereby a fuel mixture is formed.

Abstract: A method of fuel treatment and distribution for an internal combustion engine including the steps as follows:(a) operating an adiabatic reactor without a substantial amount of exhaust heat within an operational temperature range, the catalyst bed reactor including a partial combustion catalyst and a dissociation catalyst;(b) providing a substantial amount of engine exhaust heat to an endothermic reactor having an endothermic dissociation catalyst therein,(c) vaporizing liquid alcohol to form alcohol vapor;(d) mixing the alcohol vapor with air to form a partial combustion mixture;(e) contacting the partial combustion mixture and the partial combustion catalyst whereby a dissociation mixture is formed and heat is evolved;(f) contacting the dissociation mixture and the dissociation catalyst to form a hydrogen rich fuel;(g) contacting the hydrogen-rich fuel and the endothermic dissociation catalyst to form a fuel product whereby at least a portion of any residual undissociated alcohol in the hydrogen-rich fuel is

Abstract: An apparatus and method for starting an internal combustion engine comprising the sequence of steps as follows:(a) providing a hydride reactor means, vaporizing means, dissociation reactor means and liquid alcohol said hydride reactor means comprising hydride forming means,(b) vaporizing a portion of said liquid alcohol in said vaporizing means to form alcohol vapor,(c) dissociating said alcohol vapor in said dissociation reactor means to form a first gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen,(d) conveying said first gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen to said hydride reactor means wherein said hydrogen is formed into a hydride,(e) heating said hydride to form a second gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen,(f) conveying said second gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen to said engine,(g) starting said engine.