Abstract: Cigarettes which yield very low levels of sidestream "tar" during use comprise a paper wrapper having an air permeability of less than about 10 CORESTA units, and a blend of a tobacco filler material and a second smokable material. The second smokable material preferably includes about 60 weight percent calcium carbonate, about 30 weight percent pyrolyzed alpha-cellulose and about 10 weight percent carboxymethyl cellulose. Such cigarettes, when used, generate very low amounts of sidestream "tar", and hence, very low levels of visible sidestream smoke.

Abstract: A smoking article comprising a cylinder of a first fuel, and a sleeve of a second fuel concentrically surrounding and longitudinally coextensive with the cylinder. A filter plug is coaxially located at one end of the sleeve and a seal is located at the interface of the filter and sleeve. In another embodiment, a tube is coaxially located at one end of the sleeve to define a chamber, and a filter is coaxially located at one end of the tube.

Abstract: A smoking article includes a generally cylindrically shaped fuel column with a corrugated-shaped channel formed longitudinally through the fuel column and concentric therewith. A flavor releasing material coats the corrugated wall of the channel and the flavor material is aerosolized by the heat generated by the burning of the fuel column when it is ignited. A filter rod is coaxially located at one end of the fuel column.

Abstract: The invention described here relates to a smokable article which is intended to enable the smoker to avoid the condensates usually present in the smoke while retaining or even enhancing the taste experience familiar from conventional cigarettes or smokable articles; this is achieved by the advantageous geometrical and thermodynamic configuration of the heat source.

Abstract: A simulated smoking article comprising a non-combustible hollow cylindrical body, a filter rod coaxially located at one end of the hollow cylindrical body and a combustible fuel element at the other end of the hollow cylindrical body. A hollow thermal conducting member is located between the fuel element and adjacent end of the cylindrical body. A porous substrate cylinder, which is impregnated with an aerosol generating material, is located within the cylindrical rod between the fuel element and the filter rod. A flow accelerating means is located next to the porous substrate cylinder facing the filter rod. Upstream of the porous substrate cylinder is as gas inlet chamber and downstream toward the filter rod is a gas/aerosol mixing chamber. A conventional cigarette wrapping paper circumscribes the smoking article.

Abstract: A carbonaceous heat source for a smoking article is provided. The heat source is designed to maximize heat transfer to a flavor bed in the smoking article. The heat source undergoes substantially complete combustion leaving minimal residual ash, has a relatively low degree of thermal conductivity and ignites under normal lighting conditions for a conventional cigarette.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for producing carbon containing fuel elements especially suited for use in cigarette--like smoking articles. One method of the present invention makes use of two separate pyrolysis steps to ensure that the carbon used to form the fuel elements for smoking articles is substantially free of materials which could adversely affect the aerosol delivered by such articles. Also disclosed is a method in which a fuel element formed from carbon and a binder is pyrolyzed after formation to convert the binder to carbon.

Abstract: Cigarettes include tobacco-containing smokable material wrapped in a low porosity paper wrapper. The smokable material includes an intimate mixture of tobacco extract, pyrolyzed alpha-cellulose, agglomerated calcium carbonate particles, glycerin and carboxymethylcellulose. Such cigarettes yield low levels of incomplete combustion products and generate low levels of visible sidestream smoke.

Abstract: An container for containing an additive material for modifying the characteristics of a smoking article. The container contains at least two components that are movable between a first position and a second position with respect to each other. In the first position the additive material is hermetically sealed inside the container during storage of the smoking article prior to use. The container is activated by moving the components of the container to the second position to provide air flow pathways through the container so that the additive material can modify the smoking article accordingly. The components may have perforations that are covered by cooperating overlapping portions of the components of the container in the first position and uncovered in the second position. Alternately, the container may include a sealed capsule containing the additive that is punctured by moving the components during activation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fuel elements useful in smoking articles which produce an aerosol that resembles tobacco smoke, but contains no more than a minimal amount of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis products.Preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise a short combustible carbonaceous fuel elements, usually less than about 20 mm in length, preferably from about 5 to 15 mm in length, and most preferably about 10 mm in length. The diameter of the fuel elements of the present invention generally is less than about 8 mm, preferably from about 3 to 7 mm, and most preferably from about 4 to 6 mm.Smoking articles utilizing the fuel elements of the present invention are capable of providing an aerosol "smoke" which is chemically simple, consisting essentially of air, oxides of carbon, water, and the aerosol which carries any desired flavorants or other desired volatile materials, and trace amounts of other materials.

Abstract: The present invention preferably relates to a smoking article which is capable of producing substantial quantities of aerosol, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream aerosol.Preferred embodiments of the present smoking article comprise a short combustible carbonaceous fuel element, a physically separate aerosol generating means including an aerosol forming substance, a physically separate tobacco jacket around at least the aerosol generating means, and a relatively long mouthend piece.The articles of the present invention provide the user with taste, feel and aroma, associated with the smoking of conventional cigarettes. Tobacco in many embodiments of this invention is burned to provide a sidestream aroma and smoke. In other embodiments, tobacco does not burn, but still provides tobacco flavors to the aerosol delivered to the user.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a tasteless carbon heat source from a preformed article of a ligno-cellulosic material according to which the article is pyrolyzed in a continuously exchanged inert atmosphere at a temperature within the range of from about 800.degree. to about 1100.degree. C., for from about 0.5 to about 3 hours, then cooled in the inert atmosphere at a rate of from about 500.degree. to about 10.degree. C. per hour to a temperature within the range of from about 275.degree. C. to about 25.degree. C., and then subjected to at least one additional process step selected from an oxygen absorption step, a salt impregnation followed by heat treatment step, and a water desorption step. The present invention also relates to a smoking article including the carbon heat source, and a flavor generator comprising a substrate material containing at least one thermally releasable flavorant.

Abstract: Cigarettes include tobacco-containing smokable material wrapped in a low porosity paper wrapper. The smokable material includes an intimate mixture of tobacco extract, pyrolyzed alphacellulose, agglomerated calcium carbonate particles, glycerin and carboxymethylcellulose. The agglomerated calcium carbonate particles are provided by providing an agglomerated matrix of calcium carbonate particles and organic binding agent, and calcining the organic binding agent. The resulting agglomerated matrix includes particles of calcium carbonate within a carbonaceous binding material. Such cigarettes yield low levels of incomplete combustion products and generate low levels of visible sidestream smoke.

Abstract: A smoking article includes a combustible fuel element circumscribed by a heat transfer tube with a flavor source material circumscribing the heat transfer tube. At the ignition or upstream end of the smoking article, an impervious annular flange is provided. The flange includes an opening therein substantially the same diameter and configuration as the inside diameter of the heat transfer tube and the outside diameter is substantially the same as that of the smoking article. The flavor source material is in flow communication with the downstream or the mouth end of the smoking article so that upon ignition of the combustible fuel element, smoke that is generated from the fuel element is prevented by the annular flange from coming into contact with the varporizing flavor being released by the flavor source material when the smoker draws on the smoking article. Only the vaporizing materials from the flavor source material is received by the smoker.

Abstract: A cigarette substitute of the present invention is disclosed which provides an edible portion having a small amount of a nicotine composition sufficient to satisfy the desires of the cigarette smoker. The edible portion should preferably be in the shape and size of a familiar object, thereby reinforcing an already familiar form of behavior, while supplying the ingredient which would appease the individual's need for nicotine. Preferably, the edible portion of the present invention would be shaped in the form of a conventional lollypop which would preferably have a hard semi-hard candy. Optionally, the edible portion of the invention would be pleasantly flavored in an assortment of fruit choices in either a sugar or sugar-based substitute. Alternatively, the edible portion of the invention in a mint which could provide a taste which is somewhat analogous to that of menthol.

Abstract: A smoking material consists of an open-structured cellulosic substrate having a crystallizable or semi-crystallizable coating that includes a sugar such as lactose or glucose or a mixture of lactose and glucose. The coating may be in the range of 50-95% of the weight of the smoking material, and the sugar may be 20-90% by weight of the coating.

Abstract: A method for reducing the amount of carbon monoxide produced in the combustion of carbonaceous fuels. The fuel is coated on at least a portion of its exterior surface with a microporous layer of solid particulate matter which is non-combustible at temperatures in which the carbonaceous fuel combusts. This invention is particularly applicable in the reduction of carbon monoxide in the burning of carbonaceous fuel elements found in currently available "smokeless" cigarettes.

Abstract: An iron carbide heat source, particularly useful in smoking articles, is provided. The iron carbide particles making up the heat source have ignition temperatures that are substantially lower than conventional carbon particles normally used in carbonaceous heat sources, while at the same time provide sufficient heat to release a flavored aerosol from a flavor bed for inhalation by the smoker. In a preferred embodiment, the iron carbide heat source of this invention is substantially cylindrical in shape and has one or more fluid passages therethrough. Upon combustion, the heat source produces substantially no carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A smoking device having a cylindrical fuel rod circumscribed by an air impermeable wrapper. The fuel rod consists of a homogeneous mixture of a non-tobacco fuel, a non-combustible tobacco, an aerosol generating material and a heat sink material.

Abstract: The present invention preferably relates to a smoking article which is capable of producing substantial quantities of aerosol, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream aerosol.Preferred embodiments of the present smoking article comprise a short combustible carbonaceous fuel element, a physically separate aerosol generating means including an aerosol forming substance, a tobacco jacket around at least a portion of the fuel element and the aerosol generating means, and a relatively long mouthend piece.The articles of the present invention provide the user with taste, feel and aroma, associated with the smoking of conventional cigarettes. Tobacco in many embodiments of this invention is burned to provide a sidestream aroma and smoke.

Abstract: The present invention preferably relates to an insulated smoking article which is capable of producing substantial quantities of smoke, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream smoke. Thus, the article of the present invention is able to provide the user with the sensations and benefits of cigarette smoking without burning tobacco. In addition, the article may be made virtually ashless so that the user does not have to remove any ash during use.Preferred embodiments of the present smoking article comprise a short i.e.

Abstract: A cigarette includes a longitudinally segmented combustible fuel element, and a substrate carrying tobacco extract and glycerin positioned physically separate from the fuel element. The fuel element is composed of a carbonaceous material and is extruded in such a manner that when positioned within the cigarette, its extrusion axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the cigarette. The fuel element includes a burning segment at one end, a base segment at the opposite end, and an isolation segment between the burning and base segments. A metal cartridge is radially spaced from the longitudinal outer periphery of the burning segment of the fuel element. A retaining member grasps the base segment of the fuel element and holds the fuel element securely in place within the cigarette.

Abstract: A tobacco substitute which has a tobacco flavor but contains only an extremely small amount of nicotine, being produced from aloe leaves of about 30.times.3.5 cm, first cut in approximately 3 cm lengths, then cut finely in the longitudinal direction, placed in water for a very short time, and immediately removed, after which the water may be squeezed out by hand or allowed to drain naturally; dried by spreading out on a basket or a mat for two days in the sun or ten days in the shade if simply rinsed with water, or half a day in the sun if manually squeezed after rinsing; after which a liquid adhesive, such as casein, carragenin, funorin, powdered starch, and the like is blown onto the surface; and finally a powder which is mainly tobacco is blown evenly onto the cut aloe leaves and dried to give a tobacco substitute with a tobacco flavor to which tobacco smokers can easily become accustomed.

Abstract: Processed smokable materials are provided by forming a slurry of combustible material (e.g., a carbonaceous material) in an aqueous liquid. The slurry then is contacted with a foaming agent which includes a mixture of a surfactant and a polymeric film-forming agent. The slurry is agitated to provide a slurry of decreased density. The slurry so provided then is formed into the desired shape and dried. The processed smokable material which results is useful as cut filler for cigarette manufacture.

Abstract: A smoking or non-smoking material comprises a volatile-releasing substrate bearing a flavor enhancing proportion of distiller's dried solubles. The composition is useful to pleasurably stimulate a taste sensation. In one use, the composition of the invention is disposed in a cigarette like form to simulate a cigarette and used in a similar manner to give the "smoker" pleasure and oral gratification. In other words, the substrate is smokable.

Abstract: An artificial cigarette is constructed with a paper stock tube plugged at both ends by a porous body and containing a quantity of beads or pellets of a vapor emitting composition where the composition includes at least one or more stress reactivity-reducing substances selected from the group consisting of nutmeg oil, mace extract, neroli oil, valerian oil, myristicin, elemicin, and isoelemicin. The contents of the tube can be augmented by filler materials and one or more substances selected from the group consisting of flavoring materials and aromatic materials.

Abstract: A container for containing an additive material for modifying the characteristics of a smoking article. The container contains at least two components that are movable between a first position and a second position with respect to each other. In the first position the additive material is hermetically sealed inside the container during storage of the smoking article prior to use. The container is activated by moving the components of the container to the second position to provide air flow pathways through the container so that the additive material can modify the smoking article accordingly. The components may have perforations that are covered by cooperating overlapping portions of the components of the container in the first position and uncovered in the second position. Alternately, the container may include a sealed capsule containing the additive that is punctured by moving the components during activation.

Abstract: A smoking article in which a flavored aerosol is generated by heat transfer to a flavor bed from the combustion of a carbon heat source is provided. The article generates substantially no sidestream smoke. The transfer of heat from the heat source to the flavor bed is accomplished by convective and radiative heat transfer.

Abstract: A dried, concentrated fiberless aqueous extract of cured tobacco leaves suitable for smoking or chewing and a process for producing same.

Abstract: The present invention preferably relates to a smoking article which is capable of producing substantial quantities of aerosol, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream aerosol.The article of the present invention is able to provide the user with the sensations and benefits of cigarette smoking without the substantial combustion products produced by burning tobacco in a conventional cigarette. In addition, the article may be made virtually ashless so that the user does not have to remove any ash during use.Preferred embodiments of the present smoking article comprise a short combustible carbonaceous fuel element, a heat stable, preferably particulate alumina, substrate bearing an aerosol forming substance, an efficient insulating means, and a relatively long mouthend piece.

Abstract: The chewing tobacco composition contains 25 to 40% by weight cut tobacco, 0.1 to 10% by weight powdered cellulose pulp and 60 to 75% by weight casing solids. The use of powdered cellulose pulp in the composition provides for an increase in the amount of casing solids in the composition. The method entails dipping the cut tobacco into a casing solution composition containing 40% by weight water and 0.5 to 4.0% by weight powdered cellulose pulp.

Abstract: A coaxial cigarette comprising an inner core of a material glowing away substantially without residue, in particular tobacco material, with a sheath for the inner core, an outer jacket coaxially surrounding the inner core and its sheath and comprising a tobacco and/or non-tobacco material, and a sheath for the outer jacket, has a diameter of the inner core which lies in the range from 45% to 80% of the outer diameter of the coaxial cigarette; the inner core has a packing density in the range from 300 to 400 mg/cm.sup.3 ; the outer jacket has a packing density in the rnage from 170 to 250 mg/cm.sup.3. The sheath of the inner core has an air permeability of less than 3 ISO units.

Abstract: A flavor source to be used as a thermally releasable flavorant for smoking articles that do not combust tobacco. The material includes tobacco particles, an aerosol precursor that forms an aerosol upon exposure to heat, and a filler material that absorbs and radiates heat to minimize the likelihood that the flavor material will ignite. The material is mixed in an extruder, extruded through a die, and cut into pellets having a substantially uniform shape. The pellets are loaded into a chamber for inclusion in a smoking article as a flavor generator.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical preparation, in a chewing gum carrier, possessing an antinitocine effect which comprises a biologically resorbable polymeric vehicle containing a cation-exchange group and modified thereat by an antinicotine-action action alkaloid in the following proportions thereof, percent by mass: antinitocine-action alkaloid 2.5-40.0 polymeric vehicle the balance. The method of producing the preparation comprises reacting a biologically resorbable polymeric vehicle containing a cation-exchange group with an antinicotine-action alkaloid in an aqueo-organic medium at a volume ratio of the aqueous and organic phases of 1-15:1-24 respectively and at a temperature within the range of from 8.degree. to 22.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a smoking material mainly composed of fruit fiber of pineapple. Lees remaining after pressing the juice from pineapple pulp is dried, rolled, cut, flavored and moistened, and then the resultant product looks like tobacco. It can be formed into nicotine-free cigarettes if no tobacco is blended. The smoking material or tobacco substitute is free of unpleasant taste and irridation, and it can be flavored to give mild taste. Also, controlled amount of tobacco leave can be blended with the tobacco substitute to produce a smoking material having a reduced nicotine content.

Abstract: An elongate smoking article for releasing an aerosol into the mouth of a smoker comprises, a fuel rod having a light-up end adapted to be lit by a smoker; a tube extending from the fuel rod to a mouth end of the article thereby defining a condensation chamber between the fuel rod and the mouth end of the article; ventilation means to permit the passage of ventilating air from the light-up end of the fuel rod to the condensation chamber, and a porous ceramic cylindrical element impregnated with an aerosol precursor surrounding the fuel rod and in intimate contact with at least a portion thereof. A permeable fire-proof sheath surrounds the ceramic element, the sheath being adapted to provide physical integrity of the whole assembly, to allow the inward diffusion of air to maintain and propagate combustion of the fuel rod and to allow outward diffusion of combustion products.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lozenge formed by compression of at least two mixed components, one of said components including lactose or a lactose containing substance and the other of said components comprising a carrier having nicotine or a nicotine derivative absorbed therein such that there is no direct contact between the nictone and the lactose whilst together in the lozenge.

Abstract: A smoking article in which a flavored aerosol is generated by heat transfer to a flavor bed from the combustion of a carbon heat source is provided. The article generates substantially no sidestream smoke. The transfer of heat from the heat source to the flavor bed is accomplished by convective and radiative heat transfer.

Abstract: A smoking device includes a cylindrical reticulated tube having an open air inlet at one end and an open air outlet at the other end filled with an aerosol generating material. An insulating collar is concentrically located with the reticulated tube covering a portion of the tube and spaced closer to the air outlet end of the tube than to the air inlet end of the tube. A tobacco plug is coaxially located within the tube with the portion of the length of the tube between the collar and air outlet end embedded within the tobacco plug. A nucleating chamber is located at the end of the tobacco plug opposite the insulating collar, and a reticulated wall is located at the interface of the tobacco plug and nucleating chamber. A filter plug is coaxially located with the tobacco plug at the other end of the nucleating chamber.

Abstract: A cigarette provides tobacco flavor by heating tobacco, but not burning tobacco or any other material. A heat source which includes a metal oxide (e.g., calcium oxide), an anhydrous metal sulfate (e.g., magnesium sulfate), an inorganic salt and a sugar, generates heat upon contact of water therewith. The heat produced by the heat source heats tobacco in a heat exchange relationship therewith. Flavors volatilize from the tobacco and are drawn into the mouth of the user of the cigarette. Typical heat sources heat the tobacco to a temperature within 70.degree. C. to 200.degree. C. for 4 to 8 minutes.

Abstract: A cigarette including a tobacco rod circumscribed by a metal foil wrapper and having a cylinder of carbon fuel surrounding the metal foil wrapper tobacco rod. An air permeable outer wrapper circumscribes the cylinder of carbon fuel. A filter plug is located at one end of the cigarette.

Abstract: Cigarettes which yield very low levels of sidestream "tar" during use comprise a paper wrapper having an air permeability of less than about 10 CORESTA units, and a blend of a tobacco filler material and a second smokable material. The second smokable material preferably includes about 60 weight percent calcium carbonate, about 30 weight percent pyrolyzed alpha-cellulose and about 10 weight percent carboxymethyl cellulose. Such cigarettes, when used, generate very low amounts of sidestream "tar," and hence, very low levels of visible sidestream smoke.

Abstract: The smoking article of the present invention has a short, combustible, preferably carbonaceous, fuel element, generally less than about 30 mm long, which is substantially free of volatile organic material. A physically separate aerosol generating means, preferably comprising a substrate bearing an aerosol forming substance, is located within a cavity in the fuel element, i.e., the aerosol generating means is at least partially embedded in the fuel element. This article may be provided with an external insulating member to reduce radial heat loss and/or with a heat conducting member to increase conductive heat transfer from the fuel element to the aerosol generating means.

Abstract: Cigarettes have a smokable filler blend comprising 60 to 75 percent tobacco cut filler and 25 to 40 percent of a second smokable cut filler consisting essentially of 50 to 70 percent calcium carbonate, 15 to 45 percent pyrolyzed cotton linters, and 7 to 12 percent polysaccharide binder. The blend is contained in a paper wrapper having a permeability from about 40 to about 75 CORESTA units. Cigarettes normally include a filter element and are air diluted to an air dilution level of from 40 to 65 percent. The smokable blend preferably is blended with a tobacco essence, and the nicotine content of the blend is greater than 2 percent. Cigarettes exhibit resistances to draw between 80 and 150 mm water pressure drop at 17.5 cc/sec. air flow. Cigarettes exhibit FTC "tar" to nicotine ratios less than 9.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present cigarette comprise a roll or rod of tobacco wrapped by a paper wrapper, a short conbustible carbonaceous fuel element encircled by a resilient insulating member, a physically separate smoke generator including smoke forming substance located within a heat conductive container, the tobacco forming a jacket around the container and the smoke generator, and a relatively long mouthend piece.These cigarettes provide the smoker with the taste, satisfaction, feel and aroma of a cigarette without burning tobacco. Preferred cigarettes are capable of producing substantial quantities of smoke, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without thermal degradation of the smoke former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream smoke.

Abstract: A smoking article includes a fuel rod, an insulation section at one end of the fuel rod, a tobacco plug at the end of the insulation return, a cooling chamber at the end of the insulation section, and a filter at the end of the chamber. A tube extends concentrically through the fuel rod to the tobacco plug. The tube is filled with an air permeable substrate including an aerosol generating substance. A heat conducting strip extends concentrically in the substrate in the tube and into the tobacco plug.

Abstract: A smoking device having a fuel column circumscribed by a wrapper has a passage with an impermeable wall extending concentrically therethrough and a filter rod at one end of the fuel column in flow communication only with the passage. The passage is filled with a material including an aerosol releasing material. The filter is formed with a pocket coaxial with the tube and the pocket is filled with highly flavorful tobacco.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to densified particulate materials and to a process of preparing such materials.The present invention is also related to cigarette-type smoking articles utilizing the densified particulate materials of the present invention as an extender of the fuel and/or as a flavor enhancer.In cigarette-type smoking articles, the densified particulate material of the present invention may also serve as a substrate or carrier for an aerosol forming substance. The use of densified particulate tobacco, in whole or in part, as such a substrate affords many advantages heretofore unavailable in cigarette-type smoking articles.The use of the densified particulate materials of the present invention in conventional tobacco products, e.g., cigarettes, cigars, pipe tobacco, and the like, affords advantages heretofore unavailable. Preferably, a mixture of densified carbon and densified tobacco is used, both as an extender/filler and as a flavor enhancer.

Abstract: A smoking article including a cylindrical, open ended sleeve with a capsule concentrically located within the sleeve and cooperating with the sleeve to define an annular air flow passage therebetween. The capsule includes chemical reactants which exothermally react when mixed together. A porous substrate including an aerosol generating substance is located in the sleeve downstream of the capsule and annular air flow passage so that air flowing from the annular passage flows through the porous substrate. A filter is located at one end of the sleeve adjacent to and downstream of the porous substrate.

Abstract: A composition and method for providing a sustained organoleptic bit sensation to the oral cavity which includes the use of cayenne pepper ground to a fine texture of from about #30 Duraloy (#20 U.S.) to about #58 Duraloy (#48 U.S.), the pepper preferably having a heat content of from about 10,000 to about 40,000 BTU's. When used in a tobaccoless chew or snuff composition to approximate the bite of a tobacco composition, the pepper is preferably added in two stages, a first portion to the base mixture before encasing it, and a second portion applied as a top dressing after encasing the base mixture.