Abstract: Mixtures comprised of the compounds trans-1,2-dichloroethylene and/or cis-1,2-dichloroethylene and perchloroethylene are disclosed; as is a method for cleaning a solid substrate which comprises treating the substrate with said mixtures. A method for precision cleaning is disclosed, comprising the steps of showering the contaminated surfaces with said mixtures and then rinsing said surfaces with said mixtures that have been cleaned by distillation in-system. A method for dissolving and reconstituting polymers, waxes and oils by use of said mixtures or by use of mixtures consisting essentially of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene or cis-1,2-dichloroethylene is also disclosed; as is a method for delivering polymers, waxes, oils paints, pesticides, insecticides and fungicides to a surface by use of said mixtures or by use of mixtures consisting essentially of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene or cis-1,2-dichloroethylene.

Abstract: Drying unit for filled, band-shaped foil hoses with a filling, shaping, cooling, sealing, drying, and cutting station as well as a stacking and final packaging unit, where the drying station is designed as a cold or warm compressed air drying unit. In the area of the drying unit, the roller brushes are working in opposite directions and the band-shaped foil hose is being guided through the roller gap, which makes the roller brushes run in the opposite direction of the transport direction of the foil hose.

Abstract: It is known to wash dispersion noodles in a `batchwise` fashion in which the noodles are retained in a kettle or kettle and water is sprayed onto the surface of the noodles. Agitation is achieved by bubbling air into the kettle from the bottom. Described herein is a method and apparatus for continuously washing dispersion noodles. The apparatus includes continuous pipe work in which the noodles are washed, the pipe work including at least one separating device (10) for separating the noodles from the water in which they have been washed. The device (10) comprises a housing (12) having an inlet (14) and an outlet (16). A separating element (22) is located in the housing (12) between the inlet (14) and the outlet (16) and is surrounded by a collection chamber (24), the element (22) comprising a tube of mesh material through which water passes into the collection chamber (24) and which is then drained off through drain (32).

Abstract: Trans-dichloroethylene is used in a pure or in a blended state as a cleaning agent for all acetate-based photographic films. In manual cleaning procedures of still-photography and motion-picture films, a soft, lint-free material is moistened with trans-dichloroethylene, or a blend containing trans-dichloroethylene, and then used to buff the film. The most favorable blend discovered contains 50% trans-dichloroethylene, 50% perchloroethylene. In mechanized cleaning procedures of motion-picture films, it is anticipated that trans-dichloroethylene, or a blend containing trans-dichloroethylene, can be used as the cleaning agent with little or no modification to the existing machines. Trans-dichloroethylene can serve as an effective, non-ozone depleting replacement for 1,1,1-trichloroethane in all film-cleaning applications.

Abstract: Systems and methods in accordance with the invention clean particulate matter from photographic film using water without impairment of image bearing portions of the film or retention of substantial water in the film. Water formed into thin sheets is directed at high velocity or with mechanical augmentation against the film in directions at least partially opposite to the direction of film movement. Alternatively or successively, the film passes through water removal stations where dry air is blown onto the film and adjacently drawn off with entrained water in successive alternating flows. The film may be further dried of absorbed moisture in an associated environmental chamber having multiple loops before being wound up on a takeup reel.

Abstract: A film cleaning apparatus and method is disclosed where apparatus includes a feed reel and a take-up reel, and a film path created by a number of particle transfer rollers. Also in the film path is a region of high humidity followed by two buffing rollers for polishing the film to be cleaned. Two of the rollers are connected to a vibration generator mechanism. Vibration of the rollers is caused by a rotating disk having two embedded magnetic elements which pass closely adjacent to magnetic elements at the end of rollers' shafts. As the rotating magnets pass by the two shafts, a repulsion force causes the shafts to move away. Connected to each of the shafts is an O-ring which acts as a compression spring that biases its respective shaft back to its starting position after the magnetic elements have moved away from each other. By rotating the disk with the magnetic elements at 3600 rpm a vibration is set up in the shafts at a rate of 7200 times per minute.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing photographic sheet material includes a pair of rotatable squeeze rollers mounted one above the other to define a nip through which the sheet material passes, and a pressure roller resting on the upper roller periphery generally opposite the lower roller for biasing the upper roller against the lower roller solely by the force of gravity on the pressure roller. Thus, the biasing force on the squeeze rollers is uniform along their length. Preferably, a plane passing through the axes of rotation of the two squeeze rollers is tilted slightly forward in the feed direction of the sheet material from a vertical plane passing through the lower roller axis and the axis of the pressure roller is situated between the two planes. The pressure rollers each have a radially outward layer of elastomeric material thereon.

Abstract: A method of washing hose using high water pressure, fire hose washing apparatus generally having a back plate, cleaning heads with spray nozzles mounted to the back plate, and optionally, guide rollers rotatably mounted to the back plate. Optionally, the apparatus may have rollers oriented to direct hose in a generally serpentine pattern. The washing apparatus may also comprise means for taking up washed hose, means for shutting off the hose washer including, for example, a hood switch or an electromechanical plate for sensing the hose coupling, means for washing the edge of the treated hose and means for loading hose into the hose washing apparatus. Also disclosed is a method of using the high water pressure hose washing apparatus and a high water pressure cleaning system.

Abstract: High-quality and very rapid processing of light-sensitive materials are accomplished by a wet method with a compact apparatus. A process roller is at least partially submerged in a processing solution in a processing tank. Light-sensitive material is transported as it engages the periperal surface of that part of the process roller which is submerged in the processing solution. The absolute value of the peripheral speed of process roller is greater than the absolute value of the transport speed of the light-sensitive material. The roller is rotated at a speed of at least 75 rpm. With the invention, the light-sensitive material can be processed in a very rapid and yet satisfactory manner since the processing solution is rapidly replaced by fresh solution at the surface of the light-sensitive material. In addition, only a small amount of the processing solution need be used, which contributes to a reduction in the size of the processing apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing particles from a flexible sheet. The sheet is run over a rotating rod, rotating oppositely to the moment of the sheet. The rod is immersed on its lower side in a bath of solvent and excess solvent is removed from the bath and is filtered. Additionally, solvent may be applied to the sheet before it reaches the rotating rod or a negative pressure applied just upstream of the rod sucks away the particles.

Abstract: Since the prior art photographic film processing methods use a large number of rollers, if the liquid processing agent is adhered an crystallized on such rollers, it often causes uneven processing or damages film surfaces to deteriorate the quality of finished products. Moreover, rollers should be detached from the system for cleaning and maintenance purposes to impose great burden on workers. By omitting rollers for photographic processing, this invention attempts to ovbiate such defects encountered in the prior methods. By atomizing the processing agent, this invention achieves simple adjustment of the density in finished products, uniform processing, less damage on film surfaces and high processing speed.

Abstract: A continuous plate making method for a photosensitive resin plate which comprises setting the photosensitive resin plate on a surface of an endless belt or a setting plate which moves on a substantially circular orbit, and continuously subjecting the plate to, at least, washing out, drying and then post light exposure steps as the belt or the setting plate moves continuously. A device for carrying out this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An elongated film strip is cleaned by two pairs of rotary brushes with soft bristles contacting opposite sides of the film strip traveling between the two pairs of brushes. Each pair of brushes is placed at an angle to the direction of film travel for brushing dirt particles away from the center of the film. The top pair of brushes and the bottom pair of brushes are arranged so that one brush in each pair brushes the particles from the central region of the film toward one edge of the film, while the other brush on the same side of the film brushes particles away from the central region of the film toward the other edge of the film. The brushes avoid contact with perforations on the edge of the film which would result in particles lodged in the perforations being brushed toward the central region of the film. A separately electrically conductive vacuum tube contacts each brush after the brush contacts the film.

Abstract: In a roller transport assembly of a film processor, respective cross-over rollers for transferring the exposed film from one tank of processing solution to an adjacent tank of processing solution are positioned above the free surfaces of the solutions during normal operation. However, the cross-over rollers are immersed in the solutions during non-operation of the processor to prevent the residue of solution on the roller surfaces from oxidizing to form a viscous or solid deposit.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing sensitive materials has a tank in which film containing a sensitive material is conveyed, the film passing through a processing bath while guided by conveying rollers, and at least one wiper coming into contact with at least one of the conveying rollers facing to a film surface of the sensitive material. A flow of processing solution is produced by at least one inlet or jet in the region where contact occurs between a wiper and a conveying roller, so that any material wiped off the roller is removed away from the contacting region.

Abstract: The apparatus has a support member with a surface that has a pervious portion. The support member is positioned in a tank or container of liquid. A flexible carrier member with a pervious portion is positioned in overlying relation with the surface of the support member. A flexible, impervious photographic material is positioned on the flexible carrier member and a suction is applied through the pervious portion of the support member surface and through the pervious portion of the flexible carrier member to engage the flexible, impervious photographic material on the flexible carrier member. The flexible carrier member with the flexible, impervious photographic material engaged thereto is conveyed on the surface of the support member through the liquid bath.

Abstract: An apparatus for the liquid processing of light-sensitive material comprises a processing dish having a horizontal intermediate bottom and passage gaps, at the sheet entry end as well as at the sheet exit end, respectively, between the respective end wall of the dish and the adjacent edge of the intermediate bottom. The intermediate bottom is provided on its upper side with a screen of slender pins. The screen of pins together with a lid covering the dish delimit a passage gap for the sheets being conveyed through the passage gap in the apparatus by means of pairs of conveying and squeezing rollers in the direction indicated by an arrow T. In the dish end wall at the sheet exit end, a horizontal row of injection nozzles for the processing liquid is provided near the dish bottom. The dish end wall at the sheet entry end is provided with a horizontally extending ledge of nose-like cross section in order to deflect by 180.degree. the stream of liquid arriving from under the intermediate bottom.

Abstract: An apparatus for the development of microfilm passes film successively through different work stations, such as the developer bath, fixing bath, preliminary washing bath, second washing bath and a drying stage. The film moves in a horizontally arranged track with the aid of a motor driven pair of rolls. The apparatus is characterized by a liquid circulation system in which each vessel supplying a liquid station with a liquid and designed as a transport container is equipped with a supply line and a suction line. The suction line moves the liquid to a bath by means of a liquid pump and by way of pressure lines through a heating means. A bath may be associated with each work station. In the bath the liquid is sprayed against the bottom side of the film travelling in the horizontal direction and is returned through a liquid and film guiding body and the supply line into the vessel.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a paper cutter, a hole puncher and a guide clip which engages a strip of printed paper for conveyance to a developer. As the printer operates intermittently while the developer operates continuously, a reservoir or buffer zone is provided for the paper between the two. A mechanism for storing guide clips automatically delivers and orients a guide clip so as to engage a transported paper strip for further conveyance therewith by means of a chain conveyor or the like. As the printer may move vertically independently of the fixed developer, the conveyor is made expandible so as to accommodate differences in the conveyance distance.

Abstract: A process of cleaning the film transport rolls of developing apparatus having a transport system comprising a plurality of pairs of rolls for transporting the film from an inlet through successive aqueous baths and a drying section and out of a discharge, some of the rolls being above and others below the liquid level in the baths comprises passing lengthwise through the transport system of the apparatus a rectangular sheet of fleece material having fibers oriented parallel to one another and to the longitudinal edges of the sheet. The fibers are made of a material which is substantially free of swelling by the action of the baths of the developing apparatus. However, the liquid of the baths is absorbed in the interstices between the fibers of the fleece material so that as the cleaning material passes along the transport system it moistens those rolls which are above the liquid level and may have dried out. Any soluble impurities on such rolls are thereby dissolved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to a processing band for processing a sheet or strip of photographic material (1) which has been image exposed and is brought into surface contact, in the presence of water, with a carrier (2) which is impregnated with the required processing chemicals. The photographic material (1) which has been image exposed is repeatedly moved along a closed path and brought into surface contact with the processing band (2) along a specified portion of said path in the presence of water, the processing band (2) having at least wo sections with different processing functions (A, B, C . . . ) arranged one behind the other, with which every portion of the photographic material (1) comes successively into contact.

Abstract: A method and machine for recovering silver and polyester from exposed photographic X-ray film of the type having a polyester base coated with a sheath of polyvinyladine chloride and a photosensitive silver emulsion. Sheets of the film are fed through baths of hot caustic which successively remove the silver emulsion and deposit it as a sludge from which the silver is recovered and remove the polyvinyladine coating to permit the polyester to be recovered in a commercially acceptable pure form. Where the film sheets may include some acetate based film, the apparatus will distinguish between the polyester and acetate and discard the acetate bases as scrap, after the silver emulsion has been removed.

Abstract: The developer-printer assembly comprises a housing having a plurality of tanks formed therewithin for confining developing fluid, fixing fluid, wash water and rinse water, and a plurality of conveying roller assemblies and guides for directing and conveying photographic papers, i.e., photosensitive papers or negatives, which are to be developed and printed, between the tanks, through the fluids and waters. The conveying roller unit, a plurality of which are employed in the developer-printer assembly, has a pair of rollers spaced apart with an intermediate roller interposed therebetween, and bands replaceably looped about the pair of rollers and atop the intermediate roller, for constraining the photographic papers firmly to the intermediate roller. The unit further has a trough for positively directing papers to the intermediate and pair of rollers.

Abstract: A machine, to be used in schools, for removing ink from overhead projector rolls of writing-film. The machine comprises a holder for the roll of writing-film, a take-up spool onto which the writing-film can be transferred, nozzles for applying solvent of the ink to the writing-film as it is being transferred to the take-up spool, and rubber blades for wiping the writing-film.

Abstract: Two transfer routes for exposed films are provided in a film processor, in one of the two ordinary films which require treatments of developing, stopping, fixing and washing with being transferred, and in the other route wash-off films which require only a treatment of the washing with being transferred. The ordinary films are transferred through the former route with being treated several processes, and the other hand, the wash-off films are directly transferred into a washing tray through the latter route, skipping over treatments of developing, stopping and fixing.The by-pass mechanism for wash-off films can be swinged around a shaft, by which the maintenance for the film processor becomes easier. Processing for different kinds of films can be performed, depending on the kind of films to be processed, with a film processor.

Abstract: Three uniformly constructed processing stations (A,B,C) are disposed in an apparatus frame (G). Each station comprises a base tank (1) having a central outlet (16), a processing tray (2) and a cover (3) serving simultaneously as guiding means. Between every two adjacent stations (A,B,C) there are disposed transporting and squeezing roller pairs (8) which are driven from a common motor (10) via a beveled gear wheel transmission (8a,8b). Each station is equipped with a circulating pump (5) and diverse conduit lines (6,7) which convey treating fluid via a heating means common to all stations into the processing trays. From there the liquids pass by flowing over the tray rims into the base tanks and from there via their discharge outlets (16) to the circulating pumps.All stations are standardized by being built up from identical, mutually exchangeable parts which can be assembled and dismantled without the aid of tools. The processing trays (2) are set in the base tanks (1).

Abstract: A bath container and a main body case having the container therein are joined together at a level higher than the liquid level within the container, with spaces formed between the container and the main body case for accommodating a power transmission assembly and providing a duct for passing hot air therethrough. A rack frame supporting many pairs of feed rollers and detachably installed in the container has eave-like shield pieces serving as safety covers and light blocking plates.

Abstract: Photographic material to be processed passes generally horizontally through a succession of processing chambers including a developing chamber. The latter includes a developing-fluid tank containing a body of developing fluid, the body of developing fluid having an upper surface. At least one rotatably mounted submerging roller causes transported photographic material to pass below the upper surface of the body of developing fluid. A counterpressure roller presses the transported photographic material against the submerging roller during transport of the photographic material through the developing chamber. Flow elements are arranged to damp the agitation of the body of developing fluid resulting from rotation of the submerging and counterpressure rollers. The submerging and counterpressure rollers are so arranged that the trailing end of transported photographic material does not drag over the peripheral surface of either roller in circumferential-surface contact therewith.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automatic processing of dental x-ray film having a horizontally disposed spiralling film processing chamber (14) such that fluid retaining tanks (16), (18), (20) and (22) are created by the lower portion of each spiralling revolution, the sidewalls (40) and (42) of the spiralling chamber having pairs of opposing arcuate film travelling grooves (44) and (45), a central shaft (32) rotates along the principle axis of the spiralling chamber (14) and film impellers (50), (52), (54), (56) and (60) are rotated by the shaft (32) for impelling film (43) along the grooves (44) and (45) through said spiralling chamber (14).

Abstract: The developer-printer assembly comprises a housing having a plurality of tanks formed therewithin for confining developing fluid, fixing fluid, wash water and rinse water, and a plurality of conveying roller assemblies and guides for directing and conveying photographic papers, i.e., photosensitive papers or negatives, which are to be developed and printed, between the tanks, through the fluids and waters. The conveying roller unit, a plurality of which are employed in the developer-printer assembly, has a pair of rollers spaced apart with an intermediate roller interposed therebetween, and bands replaceably looped about the pair of rollers and atop the intermediate roller, for constraining the photographic papers firmly to the intermediate roller. The unit further has a trough for positively directing papers to the intermediate and pair of rollers.

Abstract: A processing apparatus such as may be used for photographic film in which the films passed through several different processing sections in succession with the tension of the film web maintained constant at all times. Pairs of rollers are arranged at short intervals in succession through the various processing sections. The speed of conveyance of the web is increased in succession by driving the rollers at different speed or providing rollers of increasing diameter in the direction of the process outlet. One roller of each pair of rollers is provided with a stepped section having a height approximating the thickness of the web being conveyed. With this construction, a meandering correcting force is exerted on the web which overcomes the frictional force between the web and rollers thereby correcting any meandering of the web and maintaining the tension applied to the web at a value less than the strength of the web.

Abstract: Wash-off effluent from a photographic film processor is desilvered by a continuous process, employing the following sequence of steps:1. Addition of anti-foaming agent.2. Acidification.3. Chemical reduction of ionic silver to metallic silver by sodium borohydride in alkaline solution.4. Addition of one of more fluocculants.5. Passage through hold-up tank to allow time for flow formation.6. Filtration through automatic gravity filtration device or its equivalent.An apparatus for the treatment process is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing photosensitive strip material including a developing station, a fixing station, a washing station, and a stabilizing station. The developing station includes a plurality of developing applicator rollers disposed in three parallel horizontal banks, a drip feed conduit above the applicator rollers, endless conveyors between the banks, and idler rollers below the applicator rollers and conveyors. The fixing station is similar to the developing station but has only two parallel horizontal banks of applicator rollers. The washing station includes a plurality of rollers disposed in a chamber flushed with continuously running water. The stabilizing station includes a plurality of stabilizing applicator rollers disposed in two parallel horizontal banks with endless conveyors between the banks and drip feed conduits above the applicator rollers.

Abstract: Photographic material to be processed passes generally horizontally through a succession of processing chambers including a developing chamber. The latter includes a developing-fluid tank containing a body of developing fluid, the body of developing fluid having an upper surface. At least one rotatably mounted submerging roller causes transported photographic material to pass below the upper surface of the body of developing fluid. A counter-pressure roller presses the transported photographic material against the submerging roller during transport of the photographic material through the developing chamber. Flow elements are arranged to damp the agitation of the body of developing fluid resulting from rotation of the submerging and counterpressure rollers. The submerging and counterpressure rollers are so arranged that the trailing end of transported photographic material does not drag over the pheripheral surface of either roller in circumferential-surface contact therewith.

Abstract: A multiple compartment photographic processor particularly adapted to facilitate threading a web to be processed through a predetermined web processing path traveling successively from one processing compartment to another. The ultimate processing web path is defined by two sets of web engaging rollers, one set constitutes web driving rollers mounted above the perspective compartments and the other set constitutes weighted idler rollers positioned in proximity to the bottom of the respective compartments and supported by flexible tape and pulley support systems designed to counterbalance only a portion of the respective weighted rollers. An initial substantially planar threading web path is provided by elevating the idler rollers above the driving rollers to permit the leading end of the web to be passed between the two sets of rollers directly to a takeup roller.

Abstract: An apparatus for ultra-sonically cleaning any information bearing material, web, sheet, fiche, film or similar strip material is operable in two modes. The first mode is directed to cleaning the film, and employs a pair of air nozzles for nonevaporatively stripping cleaning solvent from the surface of the film, after the film has been immersed in the solvent. The action of the air nozzles creates a mist of solvent about the nozzles, which is condensed by a plurality of cooling coils and collected, and circulates same through a purification system and returns the solvent to the cleaning tank for subsequent reuse in the film cleaning mode of operation. The air emerging from the nozzles is returned to the air compressor, thereby forming a closed loop compressor system which minimizes escape of solvent vapors into the atmosphere.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing sheet material in a bath of liquid comprising a pair of drivable endless bands between which the sheet material is held to carry it through the liquid bath in a container. The bands are permeable to allow access of the liquid to the sheet and follow a path between stationary scraper bars which guide the bands to follow a slightly sinuous path, thereby ensuring contact between the bands, and which press the liquid through the permeable bands. Conveniently the bands, which are of woven material and driven by splined rollers, follow a generally U-shaped path within the container. For processing X-ray films in piece or strip form a series of processing units are used side by side with a common drive system.

Abstract: This photographic developing apparatus transports strip or sheet film through a plurality of baths. The film is transported in each bath in loop formation between three rows of rollers with the rollers in the middle row having larger diameters than the rollers in the outer rows. Between each bath is a transfer device including a receptacle of fluid and a transfer roller dipping into the receptacle. Deflector rollers arranged in an arc loosely rest on top of the transfer roller. One row of guide rollers arranged at the outlet side of the bath container adjacent the upper roller of the middle row. The guide rollers are driven by the upper middle roller. The last two guide rollers form an outlet gap for the film.

Abstract: Processes and apparatus for removal of silver from exposed photographic film by transporting the film through hypochlorite solution in a reagent tank for a predetermined time, draining off precipitated silver chloride, washing the treated film in a wash tank, and drying the treated film in a dryer. Another embodiment of the process involves masking one side of exposed radiograph film, and removing the emulsion and/or the silver on only one side of the exposed radiograph.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a washing unit at which film is washed with wash water, including a wash-water tank containing a body of wash water, and also a drier unit from which drying air is continually exhausted. Exhausted drying air from the drier unit is transmitted into the body of wash water in the wash-water tank. Alternatively, or in addition thereto, exhausted drying air is transmitted into the outflow conduit system for spent wash water. The wash water becomes oxygen-enriched and when sewered the oxygen demand of any processing fluids in the wash water poses a reduced threat to lifeforms in rivers and streams. Disposal of exhausted drying air in this way eliminates the need for chimney discharge, and the like.

Abstract: A fluid bearing for supporting, independently of each other, a plurality of webs. The bearing comprises a housing, for containing a fluid within its interior, having an outer surface for cooperating with a surface of each web of the plurality of webs. A guide flange is provided on the outer surface, defining with the outer surface a support channel. The guide flange maintains the plurality of webs within the boundaries of the defined support channel. A fluid outlet and a fluid inlet are provided for passing the fluid from the interior of the housing through the outer surface, within the channel, to form a fluid layer thereover having a fluid spike therein, for independently supporting each web.

Abstract: A film processor wherein two partitions divide the housing into a centrally located chamber, a first compartment between the film-admitting inlet and the chamber and a second compartment between the chamber and an outlet for evacuation of processed film. Each partition has a one-piece plastic flow restrictor with a horizontal slot for the film. The flow restrictors extend into the respective compartments and into immediate proximity of the peripheral surfaces of advancing rolls which are installed in the compartments to advance the film from the inlet into the chamber via one of the slots and from the chamber toward and into the outlet by way of the other slot. A system of pumps delivers processing liquid from a reservoir into the chamber at such a rate that the liquid level is above the slots. The liquid which escapes from the chamber into the compartments by way of the respective slots is returned into the reservoir.

Abstract: Three or more tanks holding photographic processing solutions are arranged in series in a processing machine that transports photographic material sequentially in and out of each tank by turn-around assemblies inside each tank and by crossover assemblies between adjacent tanks. Each assembly includes a driven roller and an endless belt which holds the processed material against the periphery of the driven roller. Similar assemblies feed the first tank at the input end of the machine and deliver the material from the last tank at the exit end of the machine.

Abstract: Apparatus for wet treatment of X-ray films, photographic paper or analogous carriers of photosensitive material has at least one treatingunit for carriers, and such treating unit has a liquid-containing vessel with an inlet opening for carriers at the top and an outlet opening for carriers at the bottom, or vice versa. Liquid which escapes from the vessel via opening in the bottom is intercepted by the tank of a sealing device with two squeegees located in the tank above a horizontal passage in line with the openings of the vessel. One or more pairs of advancing rolls in the vessel transport the carriers along a vertical path which extends between the openings of the vessel. The carriers which move downwardly from the upper toward and beyond the lower opening of the vessel thereupon advance along a second vertical path which extends through the nip of the squeegees and through the passage.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically treating photosensitive paper after exposure in an automatic camera comprises four treatment tanks each having its own dipping mechanism, and three transfer mechanisms between the tanks. Each dipping mechanism and each transfer mechanism comprises a pair of grooves in which the paper can slide, and one or two motor-driven teeth to push the paper along the grooves. By use of separate dipping mechanisms and separate transfer mechanisms, only the paper travels from tank to tank, minimizing transfer of fluid from one tank to the next.

Abstract: An apparatus for liquid development of latent images on sheets or webs comprises a plurality of applicator stations which sequentially deliver processing liquid to the latent image bearing surface of the sheets or webs. The latter are transported above the respective applicator stations with the concerning surface in downward direction. A controlling mechanism provides for the arrestment of the liquid supply before the trailing edge of the sheet or web has passed over the respective applicator station for the provision of not wetting the backside of the latter. The apparatus is extremely suited for developing latent electrostatic half-tone images on a high polymeric support.

Abstract: Apparatus for engaging and moving a film strip through a light-tight processor having tanks of processing chemicals, including a film clip which fastens to the front of the film and which has a rearwardly-facing opening, and a pickup member which enters the opening in the film clip to drag it and the film strip through the tanks of chemicals.

Abstract: In a film conveyor for use in developing films comprising a first and a second belt racks consisting of a plurality of narrow belts and pressure rollers, and a roller rack consisting of a plurality of squeegee rollers and spray tubes arranged between said two belt racks, the pressure rollers of the two belt racks are so positioned as to press the belts at the mid points of two vertically adjacent squeegee rollers, and the squeegee rollers of the roller rack are arranged in two vertical rows between which an adequate number of said spray tubes are horizontally disposed so that developing solution may be sprayed out directly toward between said two rows of squeegee rollers. Further, the squeegee rollers of the roller rack are driven in synchronism with the moving speed of the belts so as to effect smooth conveyance of the film held between the belts and the squeegee rollers.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatically treating photosensitive paper after exposure in an automatic camera comprises four treatment tanks each having its own dipping mechanism, and three transfer mechanisms between the tanks. Each dipping mechanism and each transfer mechanism comprises a pair of grooves in which the paper can slide, and one or two motor-driven teeth to push the paper along the grooves. By use of separate dipping mechanisms and separate transfer mechanisms, only the paper travels from tank to tank, minimizing transfer of fluid from one tank to the next.

Abstract: The apparatus has at least two containers for baths of treating liquid. Each container accommodates a plurality of guide rollers which guide the carrier in a loop-shaped path through the container, the path having a bight .[.,.]. and a deflecting roller which deflects the carrier in the bight. All of the rollers are at least partly immersed in the respective bath. A receptacle is provided for accommodating a body of fresh rinsing water, and a carrier transfer roller is at least partly immersed in the body of water in the receptacle and engages and transfers the carrier from one to the other of the containers.