Abstract: A protective device for a thermocouple for immersion into a molten metal bath to measure the temperature in the bath includes an elongated exterior protective body, which has an axis and is formed of a refractory composition. An interior reinforcing member is contained within the protective body extending along the axis. The reinforcing member may be in the form of a hollow tubular body which is filled with a refractory cement. A hollow tube is located within the body for protectively housing a thermocouple. A thermocouple for measuring temperatures in a molten metal bath is positioned in the hollow tube.

Abstract: A temperature calibration substrate for producing increased temperature measurement accuracy. The temperature calibration substrate includes cavity means located below the surface of said substrate and thermocouple means disposed in the cavity for measuring the temperature of the substrate. The cavity means includes a cavity opening, an inner perimeter, and a length. Heat transfer means is disposed in the cavity means between the thermocouple means and the inner perimeter of the cavity means for transferring heat from the substrate to the thermocouple means. The cavity means is shaped to allow the thermocouple means to lay in close proximity to the substrate, and the thermocouple means is positioned substantially adjacent the inner perimeter of the cavity means and traverses the length of the cavity means thereby enhancing heat transfer efficiency from the substrate to the thermocouple means.

Abstract: A temperature sensor element in a temperature-measuring device using a thermocouple having excellent insulation property and having a simple assembly procedure is provided. The temperature sensor element comprises a temperature-measuring means consisting of a heat-resistant protective tube having a thermocouple inserted therethrough, compensating conduction means having connecting sections which connect a pair of extension sections of a thermocouple element extending from the protective tube respectively, and support means to join and hold mutually the temperature-measuring means and the compensating conduction means. The end of the protective tube and the compensating conduction means are held under the condition that they face the support means and that the extension sections of the thermocouple element and the connecting sections of the compensating conduction means are inserted into holding chamber means provided in the support means.

Abstract: A thermocouple structure capable of measurement of a high temperature with a high accuracy is constituted of a protective pipe made of a heat-resistant ceramic; a pair of wires differing in kind and extending in the protective pipe from one end thereof to the other end thereof in the longitudinal direction thereof in a state of being spaced away from each other; a thin film constituting a temperature-sensing portion, made of a tungsten alloy, disposed on one end portion of said protective pipe, and connected to the wires; and a covering layer made of a heat-resistant ceramic and covering the thin film in such a way as to disallow exterior exposure of the thin film. The protective pipe is made of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4, and a filling member made of a powder mixture of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 and TiN is filled in the protective pipe. Alternatively, a pair of printed strips differing in kind may be formed as wires in a protective pipe to provide such a thermocouple structure.

Abstract: A liquid filter, in particular for oil or fuel in an internal combustion engine, with the liquid filter comprising a filter housing with at least one liquid intake passage and at least one liquid return passage, a releasable cover which closes the filter housing liquid-tight, and an individually replaceable filter insert which can be removed from the filter housing. A hollow fastening screw is arranged centrally in the front wall of the filter housing with the front wall facing the filter connecting flange when in the mounted condition, with the fastening screw turnable in relation to the filter housing. The liquid filter may be tightly screwed to a filter connecting flange of, e.g., an internal combustion engine. A longitudinal middle axis of the filter housing and the plane of the front wall are arranged at an angle <90.degree.

Abstract: Continuous temperature measurement for liquid steel has in the past been made only with a thermocouple with exponential drift. With a diameter ratio of about 2 between metal and ceramic wells and with exceptionally thin electrical insulation, a lower, calculable linear drift can be achieved thus giving a substantially longer service life.

Abstract: A spark plug temperature sensor adaptor which is removably attached to a spark plug to provide a temperature reading of conditions in an internal combustion engine cylinder. The temperature sensor adaptor has a hollow cylindrical shape with a hexangular cross-section to mate with the hexangular shape of a spark plug and a thermocouple to sense the temperature of a spark plug.

Abstract: A semiconductor protection tube is a ceramic tube with a layer of silicon carbide covering at least a portion of the tube adjacent an open front end of the tube and extending forward of the open end to form a hollow, closed-end tip. The protection tube is formed by providing the ceramic tube, inserting a mandrel through the tube to extend forward of the front end, and depositing silicon carbide by chemical vapor deposition over at least a front portion of the ceramic tube and over the forward-extending portion of the mandrel. Subsequent removal of the mandrel completes the production of the protection tube.

Abstract: A metallic thermocouple probe is capable of withstanding temperatures in excess of 1650.degree. C. in oxidizing environments. First and second electrically conductive leads of dissimilar metals are joined at an extreme sensing end and extend to a distant readout device. Metal oxide insulation such as beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, and aluminum oxide, electrically isolates the conductive leads and thermally isolates them from the environment. The extreme sensing end of the thermocouple probe is encapsulated to render it impermeable to the formation of oxides thereon. This encapsulation includes a protective coating composed of a non-porous ceramic material, preferably a cementation applied disilicide. Additionally, a high temperature structural sheath overlies the insulation adjacent the extreme sensing end and a low temperature sheath overlies the insulation adjacent the first sheath distant from the extreme sensing end.

Abstract: A temperature measuring device for measuring the temperature of an abrasive particulate material of the type found, for example, in rotary calcining kilns and the like. The device comprises a temperature sensor producing an indication of a temperature to which the sensor is exposed, circuitry or the like for connecting the temperature sensor to remote equipment for converting the indication to a recognisable form and a protective element shielding the temperature sensor from damage by the abrasive particulate material. The protective element comprises a layer of ceramic material having a matrix of alumina reinforced with 5 to 50% by volume (based on the total volume of the ceramic material) of particles of silicon carbide having an average size, at least in two dimensions, within the range of about 5 to 60 microns. The protective element provides good abrasion, heat-shock and mechanical resistance while exhibiting sufficient thermal conductivity to avoid undue inaccuracies in the temperature measurements.

Abstract: A thermocouple housing having a ceramic protection tube with a closed end for immersion into a metal melt and an open end for receiving thermocouple wires. The ceramic protection tube has a reduced diameter portion spaced from the open end by a distance x. A metal protection tube having a threaded end and adapted at an opposite end for attachment to a connection head for electrical connection of the thermocouple wires to a meter for measuring a potential difference between the wires is connected to the ceramic protection tube by an adaptor. The adaptor comprises a hollow body having a through passage which receives the ceramic protection tube at one end and the metal protection tube at an opposite end, the through passage being threaded for coupling to the metal protection tube. A radially inwardly directed shoulder projecting into the through passage is spaced from the threaded end by a distance which exceeds x and is dimensioned so as to accommodate the open end of the ceramic protection tube.

Abstract: Coolant fluid is sampled from a substantially horizontal part of the hot leg (16) of the primary circuit at at least three points (19, 20, 21) distributed at the periphery of a straight section of the hot leg (16), in such a way that at least one of the sampling points, or lower sampling point, is situated beneath the axis (17) of the hot leg (16). The temperature of the coolant water sampled at each of the sampling points (19, 20, 21) is measured at its outlet from the hot leg (16) and the coolant fluid is reintroduced into the hot leg (16) at a point situated in a position substantially diametrically opposite, with respect to one of the lower sampling points (20, 21), on the straight section of the hot leg (16). The sampling devices (19, 20, 21) connected by pipes (24, 25, 26) to a reintroduction element (22) are arranged at the periphery of the hot leg (16).

Abstract: Disclosed are integrity-enhanced thermoelectric devices and methods of their preparation. Such devices have the following characteristics: (1) there is, on average, no greater than about 10% incidence of function loss (failure) of the device on application to the device of a substantial impact or distortion force or corrosion exposure, and (2) the device have at least about 85% of the thermal performance of thermoelectric devices without integrity enhancement (i.e., thermal conductivity across the integrity-enhanced devices is significantly less than 0.0021 Cal-Cm/Cm.sup.2 Sec .degree.C., and is less than or equal to about 0.0015 Cal-Cm/Cm.sup.2 Sec .degree.C.; empirically expressed as maintenance of at least a 40.degree. C. temperature differential over the intra-plate distance which is about 3/16 to about 1/4 of an inch.).

Abstract: A protective tube is provided for a temperature sensor. The protective tube includes an inner metal tube including a chamber for containing a temperature sensor, an intermediate refractory sleeve surrounding and abutting at least a portion of the inner metal tube, and an outer refractory sleeve cast onto the intermediate refractory sleeve. The outer refractory sleeve covers the intermediate refractory sleeve and the inner metal tube inside the intermediate refractory sleeve. The intermediate refractory sleeve is made of an elastic material such as a ceramic refractory paper or coating or a fiberglass material that deforms during expansion and contraction of the inner metal tube and the outer refractory sleeve with changing temperature. The intermediate refractory sleeve provides a buffer between the inner metal tube and the outer refractory sleeve to minimize rupture of the outer refractory sleeve which might otherwise occur during expansion and contraction of the tube and sleeve with changing temperature.

Abstract: This is a method and apparatus for removably mounting a thermocouple in intimate thermal contact with an electrical component or other object whose temperature is to be accurately sensed and measured. The apparatus comprises a probe having a miniaturized "gripper" or a spring-biased sensor for perceiving the temperature at a precisely defined point. Provision is made for shielding the thermocouple from ambient gases that might degrade the desired temperature perception. Various provisions are made for removably mounting the shielded thermocouple on or in contact with a circuit board or an independent structure.

Abstract: A thermocouple temperature sensor employs a protecting tube made of metal-boride-based ceramics, and a platinum -rhodium-based thermocouple. To prevent a deterioration of the thermocouple due to a reducing gas generated in the protecting when used at a high service temperature, the thermocouple is placed in an insulation tube, which is placed inside the protecting tube. In addition, a front end portion of the insulation tube is covered with a noble-metal cap mainly composed of platinum group metal, to prevent the reducing gas generated in the protecting tube from reaching a connection point of the thermocouple. The top end of the protecting tube is open, and a terminal box with a ventilation means to smoothly discharge the reducing gas in provided. This arrangement remarkably prolongs the service life of the thermocouple, and thus it is able to continuously measure the temperature of molten pig iron and molten steel for a long interval.

Abstract: A specific heat based moisture sensor comprises: a cylindrical member formed with two parallel axially-extending hollow portions; a heater provided on an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical member; a temperature sensor formed by leads passed through the two hollow portions of the cylindrical member; and a waterproof synthetic resin formed so as to cover said cylindrical member and the heater. Since the difference in distance between the heater and the temperature sensor lead is determined precisely, the sensing reliability can be improved. Since the ceramic cylindrical member is used, temperature sensitivity can be improved. Since the sensor is covered with a waterproof resin, it is possible to prevent metallic ions from entering the substance to be sensed, without increasing the size and cost of the moisture sensor.

Abstract: A thermocouple connector for measuring the temperature of a surface includes a heat conductive casing having a hollow interior and a linear ridge on one side. The apex of the linear ridge forms a contact zone with the surface. A pair of thermocouple leads extends into the hollow interior of the casing, and are attached to the casing at and parallel to the linear ridge. The contact zone is sufficiently wide in relation to the distance of the contact zone from the leads such that welds along the side of the contact zone penetrate the contact zone, but do not penetrate so far as to burn the leads.

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly includes a protective housing, preferably made of glass, a thermocouple suspended in the housing, and a thermally conductive material that fills the space between the inner wall of the housing and the thermocouple. In a preferred embodiment, a compressible ring is used to both confine the thermally conductive material and prevent damage to the thermocouple assembly caused by thermal expansion or contraction.

Abstract: A thermocouple probe for use in an autoclave has two conductive wires spaced apart and supported in parallel relation by fluoropolymer insulation material. The structure is air-tight which eliminates vacuum and/or steam leakage along the wire and is relatively flat so as not to disrupt the seal where the thermocouple passes through the autoclave. A method is also provided to produce the thermocouple in a single extrusion step that ensures uniformity, proper calibration and reliability of the thermocouple.

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly for sensing temperatures of molten metals in a metallurgical vessel, such as a tundish used in continuous steel casting, includes a double bore insulator containing the two noble metal alloy lead wires of the thermocouple. Platinum-rhodium alloys are preferred. The weld bead joining the ends of the leads or hot junction of the thermocouple is positioned within one of the bores of the insulator such that a lower purity alloy lead is exposed in the loop. The loop resides in a blind bore formed in the end of the double bore insulator and is enclosed in a containmemt zone by a refractory plug or foil disc closing off the end of the blind bore. The double bore insulator is received in an axial bore of a refractory sheath having a closed end adjacent the loop area of the thermocouple.

Abstract: A nuclear qualified in-containment electrical connection comprises an insulated, sheathed instrument lead having electrical conductors extending from one end thereof to provide two exposed lead wires, a watertight cable having electrical conducting wires therein and extending from one end of the cable to provide two lead wires therefrom, two butt splice connectors each connecting the ends of respective ones of the lead wires from the instrument lead and cable, a length of heat shrinkable plastic tubing positioned over each butt splice connector and an adjacent portion of a respective lead wire from the cable and heat shrunk into position, a length of heat shrinkable plastic tubing on the end portion of the instrument lead adjacent the lead wires therefrom and heat shrunk thereon and a length of outer heat shrinkable plastic tubing extending over the end portion of the instrument lead and the heat shrinkable tubing thereon and over the butt splice connectors and a portion of the cable adjacent the cable lead l

Abstract: A thermocouple cable (10) has a positive and negative thermoelement (14) conforming to the standard emf-temperature specification for type K thermocouples, a sheath (12) and compacted ceramic (16) insulating the thermoelements (14) from each other and from the sheath (12). The sheath comprises an oxidation resistant allow having a thermal coefficient substantially the same as that of the negative thermoelement and a melting point in excess of 1300.degree. C.; the sheath preferably being formed from nickel based alloy, such as a nickel-chromium alloy. The positive and negative thermoelements preferably also comprise nickel-based alloys.

Abstract: A mineral-insulated metal sheathed cable comprising at least one type K thermoelement and characterized in that the sheath alloy is of the following composition:______________________________________ Composition Element (wt. %) ______________________________________ Cr 10 to 40 Si 0.3 to 5.0 Mg 0.5 maximum Ce 0.3 maximum Mo 20 maximum W 25 maximum Nb 10 maximum Ta 8.0 maximum Ni remainder, apart from impurities.

Abstract: Several embodiments of improved thermocouples that can be formed without necessitating welding of small diameter wires. In each embodiment, the thermocouple is formed by depositing strips of dissimilar materials on an insulating base with the ends of the strips in contacting relationship to form a junction.

Abstract: A thermocouple assembly and method of making it wherein a pair of wires formed of dissimilar metals extend through electrical insulating material in a thin flexible stainless steel sheath. A forward portion of the sheath containing the wires is snugly received in a nickel alloy casing which is then bent to form an opening to receive a screw therethrough to accurately secure the forward end of the thermocouple assembly in place. The casing is made strong enough to maintain the circular shape and bending the sheath and casing together securely retains the sheath in the casing.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously measuring temperatures of molten metal including a thermocouple unit (A) and an immersion protection tube unit (B), wherein the thermocouple unit (A) comprises a thermocouple (1) having an end equipped with a temperature sensing element (8) and an opposite end connected to terminals (2), an insulator (9) of substantially one piece containing the thermocouple (1), a porcelain protection tube (6) of high airtightness containing the insulator (9), and a terminal box (3) having an extension sleeve (5) with which the upper part of the porcelain protection tube (6) is held and having a housing (20) which contains the terminals (2). The immersion protection tube unit (B) comprises an alumina-graphite protection tube (21), a holding sleeve (22) with a flange which is connected to the upper part of the alumina-graphite protection tube (21), and a connecting sleeve (26) connected with the holding sleeve (22).

Abstract: A temperature transmitter connects to a first conduit containing leads from a temperature sensor and also to second conduit which conveys the output leads of the transmitter to a remote location. A wall in the transmitter divides the transmitter into first and second compartments sealed from one another. The first compartment receives the leads from the temperature sensor and contains the electric circuit for converting the signal of the temperature sensor to an output signal representative of temperature. A feedthrough passing through the wall connects the output signal to the output leads in the second compartment. The arrangement blocks the flow of potentially hazardous fluid from the first conduit through the second conduit to a remote location such as a control room. The transmitter thus provides an integral seal between the conduits and use of an external conduit seal in the second conduit can be avoided.

Abstract: A temperature difference detecting element utilizing thermoelectromotive force which is generated by a Seebeck effect when temperature gradients are applied to a semiconductive ceramic material. A substrate has a plurality of thermoelements. Each thermoelement comprises a semiconductive ceramic material and a pair of hot-side and cold-side electrodes which are provided on the semiconductive ceramic material with a prescribed spacing, to form a hot junction and a cold junction respectively. A plurality of such hot-side electrodes are arranged on a first region of the substrate to be adjacent to each other, while a plurality of such cold-side electrodes are arranged on a second region of the substrate to be adjacent to each other. The plurality of thermoelements are sequentially connected in series with each other by electrically connecting, for example, the hot-side electrodes of the thermoelements with the cold-side electrodes of those adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A threaded average temperature thermocouple 11 is provided to measure the average temperature of a test situs of a test material 30. A ceramic insulator rod 15 with two parallel holes 17 and 18 through the length thereof is securely fitted in a cylinder 16, which is bored along the longitudinal axis of symmetry of threaded bolt 12. Threaded bolt 12 is composed of material having thermal properties similar to those of test material 30. Leads of a thermocouple wire 20 leading from a remotely situated temperature sensing device 35 are each fed through one of the holes 17 or 18, secured at head end 13 of ceramic insulator rod 15, and exit at tip end 14. Each lead of thermocouple wire 20 is bent into and secured in an opposite radial groove 25 in tip end 14 of threaded bolt 12. Resulting threaded average temperature thermocouple 11 is ready to be inserted into cylindrical receptacle 32. The tip end 14 of the threaded average temperature thermocouple 11 is in intimate contact with receptacle 32.

Abstract: A protective tube for a temperature sensor, such as a thermocouple assembly, comprises an inner metal tube which is open on either end, a thermally conductive plug for attaching to and closing one end of the tube, and a surrounding layer of refractory ceramic fiber material. The refractory ceramic fiber material is bonded to a portion of the outer surface of the metal tube and to a portion of an outer surface of the thermally conductive plug. In especially preferred embodiments, the refractory ceramic fiber material is preformed in individual tube sections which are conveniently slid over the outside diameter of the inner metal tube and, in some cases, a portion of the thermally conductive plug. Bonding is preferably achieved by a layer of refractory cement disposed between at least portions of the outer surfaces of the inner tube and thermally conductive plug and the inner surfaces of the tube sections. The thermally conductive plug is provided with an inner bore for receiving the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A thermocouple, particularly for use in a gas turbine engine, comprises a mineral-insulated thermocouple element having its sensing end reduced in diameter by swaging, to increase sensitivity and reduce response time. Instead of swaging the whole sensing end to the reduced diameter, with a relatively large taper angle, typically about 14.degree., between the swaged and unswaged portions, the end is provided with a more gradual taper extending over substantially its whole length and having an inclusive taper angle of not more than 5.degree., and preferably about 21/2.degree..

Abstract: A temperature sensor using a thermocouple, optimum for measurement of temperature of an object heated to a high temperature such as the tip of a soldering iron. Comprising a thermocouple formed by mutually bonding dissimilar metal materials, the junction of the dissimilar metal materials of thermocouple is covered with a good conductive metallic sleeve, and the measuring part is formed. Therefore, if an object high temperature contacts with the measuring part, the metal materials composing the thermocouple are not directly heated, and heat conduction to the metal materials is also excellent. Therefore, oxide coating due to heating rarely occurs in the measuring part, and the measuring performance of high precision may be maintained for a long period.

Abstract: A duct mount sensor assembly includes a condition sensor such as a temperature sensor mounted in the distal end of a sensor tube and the proximal end thereof is secured to a mounting plate. A cover on the opposite surface of the mounting plate covers any electrical connections to conductor wires from the sensor. Threaded fasteners such as sheet metal screws secure the cover and the mounting plate and also secure both to a duct wall. The foregoing abstract is merely a resume of one general application, is not a complete discussion of all principles of operation or applications, and is not to be construed as a limitation on the scope of the claimed subject matter.

Abstract: To make a jacketed thermoelement, two metal wires, one of which is pure platinum, preferably of at least 99.9, and even higher purity, and the other being a platinum/rhodium alloy are included in a ceramic element. The wires are first threaded into capillary openings of a cylindrical ceramic element which is jacketed by a jacket of platinum-rhodium alloy or INCONEL (TM). The initial assembly is hammered, thereby crashing the ceramic, and drawn to reduce the outer diameter of the metal jacket tube to fit the inner diameter of an auxiliary tube, for example of a copper-tin alloy which is fitted over the metal jacket tube. The thus formed composite is then passed through a sequence of drawing dies, preferably in a single drawing pull, in which each die reduces the cross-section by about 9-10%, until the desired outer diameter of the metal jacket tube (4) is reached; this diameter may be in the order of 0.3 mm, after starting with an outer diameter of just under 5 mm.

Abstract: A dual temperature sensing device has a twin well thermowell, for installation through a penetration in a pipe wall, and which has head, shank and tip portions. The shank portion has a first part of substantially the same outer dimensions as the penetration and the head portion is of greater outer dimensions so as to define an annular ledge which overlies the exterior surface of the pipe wall, for welding same thereto. The first part of the shank portion is of greater axial length than the pipe wall thickness and a second part thereof is tapered and elongated, for disposing the tip portion within the interior of the pipe. A pair of bores extend from the outer surface of the head portion at angularly inclined and converging relationship to closely spaced, but physically separated, positions in the tip portion. The head is counter-bored relative to the first bores, to define sockets for receiving the lower ends of pipe nipples, the upper ends of which are closed by pipe unions.

Abstract: Temperature sensing apparatus for use in the sidewall or bottom of a vessel for containing molten metal. A temperature sensing element is mounted within a sheath which is provided with a sacrificial coating to protect the sheath from premature oxidation such as may occur during a gas-flame pre-heat cycle. The sheath which is being protected against premature oxidation by the sacrificial coating is a composite of a closed end metal tube and a plurality of porous cermet layers of aluminum oxide-chromium oxide-molybdenum with the concentration of molybdenum decreasing in proceeding from the inner cermet layer to the outer cermet layer. The outer cermet layer of the sheath is covered by a ceramic layer of aluminum oxide. The sacrificial coating consists of a layer of zirconium oxide in combination with and covered by a layer of fibrous alumina. The sacrificial coating is typically destroyed by the end of a pre-heat cycle.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a rapid response thermocouple which is removably affixable to the surface whose temperature is to be measured, and a method of making such a thermocouple. The thermocouple of this invention comprises a thermocouple assembly 24, a first film 10 having an adhesive coating on one side, a second film 50 having an adhesive coating on both sides, a third film 30 and a tab 40, wherein the adhesive coated side of the first film is adhered to one of the adhesive-coated sides of the second film with the thermocouple assembly interposed between them, and further wherein the third film is removably adhered to the remaining adhesive-coated side of the second film with the tab disposed between them so that it partially extends beyond the edges of the second and third films to facilitate removal of the third film from the second film.

Abstract: A thermocouple jacket monitor is disclosed. The thermocouple monitor is constructed utilizing an inner jacket and an outer jacket with a replaceable conductive metal strip sandwiched between the inner jacket and a central insulator housing the thermocouple junctions. The conductive metal strip is connected to an alarm circuit in the thermocouple head. When the outer and inner jackets are corroded away by a molten material, such as molten glass, exposing the conductive metal strip to the molten material, the alarm such as a light on the thermocouple head, or the control panel or both, is lit notifying the operator that the thermocouple is damaged and needs to be replaced. If a two-way continuity alarm circuit is utilized, a second alarm light is activated when any portion of the conductive metal strip is corroded to the extent of being separated.

Abstract: A protective sheath for a temperature sensing device for use in determining the temperature of molten metals. The temperature sensing device, such as a thermocouple, is encased in a molybdenum tube which is coated with successive porous layers of molybdenum, a plurality of layers of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Mo in a decreasing concentration of Mo in proceeding from the inner to the outer layers, and a layer of substantially pure Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3. The Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 layer may be covered with an outer coating of a material, such as boron nitride, to protect the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 layer from attack by slag. Alternating layers of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 and boron nitride may be applied as outermost sacrificial layers.

Abstract: A thermocouple system has been nicknamed the "Binocular" thermocouple assembly because the terminal housing has a configuration similar to a pair of binoculars, with the chromel and alumel terminals mounted in spaced circular openings in the terminal housing. A thermocouple probe extends outwardly from the terminal housing, and is provided with two peripheral grooves, into one of which the terminal housing is secured by swaging. The second groove in the thermocouple probe is spaced away from the terminal housing by a short distance along the probe, and a washer is securely swaged into this second groove. A nut having external threads is mounted between the terminal housing and the washer for securing the thermocouple probe to its sensing location, for example, mounted adjacent a turbine engine.

Abstract: A temperature sensing device suitable for repeated immersions into a molten metal bath. The invention including a protective refractory sleeve which encases a portion of a generally cylindrical cardboard support tube. Within the suppprt tube is mounted a temperature sensing unit including a body portion, which is positioned within the end of the support tube, and a thermocouple extension portion, which includes a U-shaped quartz tube and which extends through and projects away from the end of the protection sleeve. The cardboard support tube is wrapped with a reflective foil substantially over its end and its entire peripheral surface. The U-shaped quartz tube is provided with an alumina coating to prevent degradation of the quartz material during repeated immersions into the molten metal bath. The combination increasing the number of useful immersions of the sensing unit prior to failure.

Abstract: A temperature sensor utilizes a resistive element and a thermocouple. One or more leads of the thermocouple are surrounded (electrically insulated) by a conductor or conductors constituting the connections to the resistive element. The conductors are made of a nonmagnetic material. In one embodiment, the second thermocouple lead is constructed as a hollow pipe which constitutes a protective outer casing for the necessary unit, as well as a connection to the resistive element. Embodiments utilizing a plurality of thermocouples are illustrated, as is a similarly constructed cable for connecting the sensor unit to measuring apparatus.

Abstract: A noise thermometer of the type in which a resistive sensing element is exposed to elevated temperatures and has a measuring circuit connected thereto so that the noise voltage output of the sensing element is detected. According to the invention this element is a rectangular parallelopiped, elongated or cubical, of lanthanum chromite, LaCrO.sub.3.

Abstract: An improved thermocouple and method for making the thermocouple and installing same on the fireside of heat exchanger tubes or the like for monitoring surface temperature which includes a thermocouple assembly made from mineral oxide insulated metal sheathed thermocouple wires where a pair of thermocouple wires or conductors extend through a metal sheath in spaced apart and insulated relation from each other and from the sheath and are connected together at an end to define a hot junction member adapted to be mounted in engagement with the surface being measured, which hot junction is defined by a disk or bar-shaped member extending from the end of the sheated conductor assembly beyond the insulation and sheath but not in contact with the sheath. Installation on a heat exchanger tube includes welding the sheath to the tube which pressurizes the hot junction against the temperature measured surface and defines a heat energy path that bypasses the hot junction.

Abstract: Process for producing a joint between two metal wires for use in the construction of thermocouples or neutron flux probes or sensors having a small external diameter is disclosed.A stack is formed from two wires placed end to end and having an interface. This stack is placed in a tube which is sealed at both ends. The tube is made from a material, whose thermal expansion coefficient is well below that of the two wires. Spacers or shims are placed between the free ends of both wires. The assembly is exposed to a temperature such that the two contacting ends of the wires are welded under the action of the difference in the elongations of the tube and the wires.

Abstract: A device for pressure sealing a reactor or thermowell extending therein comprising a disc having individual tubes welded thereto and sheathed thermocouples passing through such tubes and brazed thereto.

Abstract: A surface thermocouple assembly and method of making same, characterized by a sheathed thermocouple cable having a sensing end including a preformed segment of solid metal welded to the end face of the sheath. The preformed metal segment has a contact face extending the full length thereof substantially parallel to the adjacent axial portion of the cable and adapted for contiguous intimate contact with the skin or external surface of the member whose temperature is to be monitored. Axially inwardly spaced a short distance from the end face of the sheath is a measuring junction which is formed by welding the ends of the thermocouple wires to the inside diameter of the sheath. Insulation material completely surrounds the measuring junction, and the end face of the sheath is closed by an end closure of weld metal which is ground flat to provide a uniformly flat attachment surface for attachment of the preformed segment thereto as by butt welding around the entire periphery of such surface.

Abstract: A noise-temperature thermometer is provided with a metal sensing wire, and ceramic body at one end thereof, the body being formed with passages through which the leads connected to the resistance wire extend, at least one partition being formed in the ceramic body and lying between the ends of the resistance wire connected to the leads.

Abstract: The invention comprises a temperature sensing device comprising a thermocouple which is protected by a woven cloth. The cloth is impervious to wetting or transmission of the molten material whose temperature is to be measured. A thermocouple further is surrounded by weights of greater density than the molten metal in order to hold the thermocouple below the surface of the molten metal.