Abstract: The sealed gas laser oscillator that includes the airtight vessel, the laser gas supply source that supplies a laser gas to the airtight vessel, and the vacuum pump that performs evacuation until a pressure of an inside of the airtight vessel reaches a target reached pressure every predetermined interval between laser gas exchanges and is connected to the airtight vessel, and that performs laser oscillation in a state where the airtight vessel is filled with the laser gas. The gas laser oscillator includes a unit that determines the target reached pressure on the basis of the interval between laser gas exchanges, a leakage rate of an impurity gas from the outside to the airtight vessel after evacuation, and an allowable impurity gas pressure at which the gas laser oscillator is capable of being operated.

Abstract: A method for determining a characteristic for a pressure regulating valve of an injection system is described, using which fuel is injected into an internal combustion engine, in which a flow of the fuel which flows through the pressure regulating valve is set to a minimum and a control pressure of the fuel is reduced until the pressure regulating valve is opened, and in which at least one value for the characteristic is formed from a difference between a value for the control pressure, at which the pressure regulating valve opens, and a reference value for the control pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vacuum system 10 for evacuating a chamber 10 of a metallurgical processing system. The system comprises a vacuum pumping arrangement 14 for evacuating gas from the chamber, a foreline connecting the vacuum pumping arrangement to the chamber, a filter volume located in the foreline 16 for filtering gas evacuated from the chamber along the foreline, and a by-pass line 20 connecting the vacuum pumping arrangement to the chamber and arranged to by-pass the filter volume selectively dependent on monitored characteristics of the degassing chamber or the vacuum system.

Abstract: The present invention regards a subsea valve system comprising a valve, a fluid supply line connectable to a remote fluid supply and in connection with an inlet of the valve, an outlet of the valve connectable to an outlet fluid line and a fluid tight housing at least partly enclosing the valve. According to the invention the fluid supply line comprises an outlet within the housing, establishing a pressure within the housing mainly equal to the pressure of the supply fluid at the inlet of the valve. The invention also regards a method for protecting a subsea valve system.

Abstract: A priority valve assembly includes a fluid supply line, a first fluid discharge line, and a second fluid discharge line, both of which are to be supplied with fluid via the fluid supply line. A priority valve throttles a fluid flow from the fluid supply line into the second fluid discharge line to prioritise the supply of fluid to the first fluid discharge line over the supply of fluid to the second fluid discharge line if a control parameter which is characteristic for an inlet fluid pressure (pE) in the fluid supply line falls below a first predetermined threshold value (p2). The priority valve reduces the throttling of the fluid flow from the fluid supply line into the second fluid discharge line if the control parameter falls below a second predetermined threshold value (p4) which is smaller than the first predetermined threshold value (p2).

Abstract: A system for maintaining a desired pressure difference between a first pressure within a chamber and a reference pressure at a reference space. The system may include a peristaltic pump located along a duct that connects the chamber with the reference space. The system may further include a pressure sensor for monitoring an actual pressure difference between the first pressure within the chamber and the reference pressure at the reference space. The system may also include a controller for receiving a signal from the pressure sensor for determining the actual pressure difference from the pressure sensor and for operating the peristaltic pump, in accordance with the actual pressure difference and the desired pressure difference, to increase, decrease or leave unchanged the pressure within the chamber so as to maintain the actual pressure difference within predetermined proximity to the desired pressure difference.

Abstract: The method and device of the present invention reduces the pulsation of fluid from a pump. The damping device and method works on either the positive pressure or negative pressure side of the pump. Under positive pressure the device is attached downstream from the outlet port of a pump, the device having an input port in fluidic communication with the outlet port of the pump, an outlet port, an outer wall with an opening, and a membrane covering the opening, the outer wall of the device and the membrane forming a contained volume. As fluid from the outlet port of the pump passes into the device, it enters the contained volume which expands and contracts, thereby vitiating the pulsations in the fluid flow downstream of the device. Alternatively, under negative pressure the device is attached upstream from the inlet port of a pump.

Abstract: Three-position fluid valves for use in downhole environments are disclosed. An example valve includes first, second and third ports, a chamber coupled to the second port, a first sleeve to selectively couple the first port to the chamber and the second port, a second sleeve to selectively couple the third port to the chamber and the second port, and a piston that forms at least part of the chamber and is coupled to the sleeves. The piston moves between a first position in which the piston displaces the first sleeve to couple the first port to the chamber and the second port, a second position in which neither of the first or third ports is coupled to the second port, and a third position in which the piston displaces the second sleeve to couple the third port to the chamber and the second port.

Abstract: The method for parallel operation of moisture generating reactors according to the present invention operates so that an orifice, provided with an orifice hole having a predetermined opening diameter, is disposed on a mixed-gas inlet side of each of a plurality of moisture generating reactors connected in parallel with each other, and mixed gas G consisting of hydrogen and oxygen is supplied from a mixer to each of the moisture generating reactors through each orifice, and the flows of moisture generated by the moisture generating reactors are combined, and the resulting combined moisture is supplied to an apparatus that uses high-purity water. Thus, a need to increase the amount of high-purity water supply is met by allowing a plurality of moisture generating reactors to perform a parallel water generating operation by branching off a mixed gas consisting of H2 and O2 by using a simple orifice construction.

Abstract: A fluid system and method of operation provides flow force compensation and load sense functions. Each work circuit includes an actuator, a control valve, and a first valve. A valve element of a control valve includes main metering orifices sized and shaped to provide flow force compensation. A load sense check valve associated with a load pressure signal conduit is downstream of the load check valve. The load pressure signal conduit of each work circuit is in fluid communication with one another, and a greater of the load signal pressure of the work circuits is communicated to the load sense check valve of the other work circuit. The control valve associated the lesser load can permit flow forces to reduce the effective area of the orifice, which increases the pressure difference across the valve to maintain approximately constant flow to the actuator.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to valves, and more particularly, to gas valve assemblies. In one example, the valve assembly may include a valve body with a fluid path, one or more valves or valve sealing members positioned across the fluid path, and one or more pressure sensors in fluid communication with a fluid path of the valve assembly. The valve assembly may include a valve controller in communication with the pressure sensors, where the valve controller may be configured to compare a measure related to a pressure sensed by the one or more pressure sensors to a pressure threshold value (e.g., a high pressure threshold value, a low pressure threshold value, or other pressure threshold value). If the measure surpasses the threshold value, the valve controller may provide a predetermined output signal indicating a pressure event has occurred, such as a high or low gas pressure event.

Abstract: An extraction system, including a pump to pump gas along a conduit to a check valve configured to open at an upstream pressure over a certain magnitude, a pressure sensor to generate a signal indicative of a pressure of gas between the pump and the check valve, and a controller configured to generate a stop signal if a signal from the pressure sensor indicates that the pressure of gas between the pump and the check valve is below a certain magnitude.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for controlling pressure in a process chamber having a continuous gas inlet flow and a continuous gas outlet flow comprising providing a pulsed valve at a gas outlet, a pressure gauge, and a programmable controller and varying the pulse rate of the pulsed valve, wherein either the open time or closed time, or both open and closed times, is lengthened or shortened, depending on whether the gauge pressure is above or below the programmed setpoint.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to valves, and more particularly, to gas valve assemblies. In one example, a gas valve assembly may include a valve body with one or more valves movable between an opened position and a closed position, one or more valve actuators configured to operate the valves, and one or more pressure sensors to sense a pressure within a fluid path of the valve assembly. A valve controller may receive a measure related to a sensed pressure from the one or more pressure sensor(s). The valve controller may compare the received measure related to the sensed pressure to an overpressure threshold. In the event the measure related to the sensed pressure surpasses the overpressure threshold value, the valve controller may be configured to provide a signal that indicates an overpressure event has occurred.

Abstract: An apparatus for regulating the flow of a fluid from a source to a target location comprises a housing defining a fluid inlet configured to communicate with a fluid source and a fluid outlet configured to communicate with a target location, and a flow path extending between the fluid inlet and fluid outlet. An inlet valve assembly is mounted in the flow path and comprises a valve seat and a valve member configured to cooperate with the valve seat to regulate flow through the flow path. A balance arrangement is provided and is configured to balance the effect of fluid pressure acting on the inlet valve assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first valve configured to selectively direct material to first and second outlets and a second valve configured to block the second outlet. The first and second valves define a dead space that has a volume between the first and second valves. The apparatus also includes a pressure compensation unit configured to dynamically provide an additional volume for material trapped in the dead space when the trapped material expands. The pressure compensation unit could include a piston configured to move within a space of the pressure compensation unit, where increased pressure in the dead space causes the trapped material to push against the piston in order to provide the additional volume for the trapped material. The pressure compensation unit could further include a spring configured to bias the piston and a seal configured to substantially prevent the trapped material from passing the piston and contacting the spring.

Abstract: A self-contained valve actuator of the present invention can comprise an actuator component. This actuator can be linear or quarter turn depending on the valve. The actuator can be double acting which means the piston will move once to open and once to close. The self-contained valve system uses hydraulic fluid to operate the valve. The valve system is directly powered with electric power from a battery. Solar panels are also incorporated to capture solar energy and convert this energy into electrical energy. This converted electrical energy is stored in the battery which enables the battery to continuously supply energy while substantially reducing the possibility of exhausting battery power. This resupply of electrical energy and the use of the hydraulic fluid creates a self-contained valve actuation system.

Abstract: To prevent loss of control of a pressure of a source gas within a movable range of a control valve, a source gas concentration control system is provided. The system may include a first valve that is provided on an outlet line, a concentration measurement part that measures a concentration of the source gas in mixed gas, and a concentration control part that controls a stroke of the first valve such that the measured concentration of the source gas becomes equal to a predetermined concentration setting. The measured concentration may be measured in the concentration measurement part. The system may further include a temperature controller that controls a temperature inside the tank to meet a temperature setting, and a temperature setting part that sets the temperature setting of the temperature controller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mitigating slug formation in a multiphase fluid stream that is flowing through a conduit wherein the conduit comprises a first portion and a second portion which is upwardly inclined to the first portion and wherein the multiphase fluid stream comprises a gaseous phase and a liquid phase, the method comprising the steps of: (a) determining the pressure in the conduit upstream of a slugging zone; (b) determining the pressure in the conduit downstream of the slugging zone; (c) determining the actual pressure difference across the slugging zone by subtracting the downstream pressure from step (b) from the upstream pressure from step (a); (d) determining the error between a target pressure difference and the actual pressure difference; (e) producing a signal comprising a first component which is proportional to the error and a second component which is proportional to the rate of change of the error over time; and (f) using the signal produced in step (e) to control the position of an a

Abstract: A material gas concentration control system for keeping a concentration of a material gas in a mixed gas constant comprising a tank to accommodate the material, an inlet line to input a carrier gas for evaporating the accommodated material into the tank, and an outlet line to output the mixed gas consisting of the material gas evaporated in the tank and the carrier gas, and further comprising a first valve arranged in the inlet line, a concentration measuring part that measures the concentration of the material gas in the mixed gas, and a concentration control part that controls an open degree of the first valve so as to make the measured concentration of the material gas measured by the concentration measuring part become the previously determined set concentration.

Abstract: A pressure retention valve with integrated valve is disclosed. The pressure retention valve with integrated valve includes a housing; an outer piston positioned in the housing; a main seal between the outer piston and the housing; an inner piston positioned in the outer piston, the inner piston having a bore containing a valve; a spring between the housing and a top of the outer piston; an ambient bore in the housing above the main seal; an outlet in the housing below the main seal; and a vessel connection in the housing adjacent to the bore of the inner piston. Methods of supplying fuel to a gas consuming system using the pressure retention valve are also described.

Abstract: Methods and systems for storing kinetic energy in a fluid-base power circuit. A regenerative control valve manifold diverts fluid flow from a hydraulic device performing a first operation into an accumulator. The accumulator stores a fluid volume sufficient to perform a second operation. The regenerative control valve manifold connects the accumulator to the power circuit providing a fluid flow and charge pressure sufficient to perform the second operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for realizing a vacuum in at least one vacuum chamber. The method comprises providing an arrangement comprising a plurality of vacuum chambers, wherein each vacuum chamber is connected to a shared vacuum system. The shared vacuum system comprises a plurality of turbo molecular pumps, at least one common fore pump, and a piping system comprising one or more pipes for connecting the at least one common fore pump to each of the plurality of turbo molecular pumps. Each turbo molecular pump is separately connected to a corresponding vacuum chamber. The piping system further comprises flow regulators for controlling a flow within the piping system. The method further comprises selecting at least one vacuum chamber for pump-down, and separately pumping down the at least one selected vacuum chamber by means of the shared vacuum system.

Abstract: Disclosed in one aspect is a valve comprising (a) a valve body having a poppet valve chamber with an axis running there through; (b) a seat having a seat sealing surface, and a outer-seat surface, the seat located axially within the poppet valve chamber; and (c) a poppet having a poppet sealing surface, the poppet being located axially within the poppet valve chamber; wherein a poppet-seat interface is created between at least a portion of the seat sealing surface and at least a portion of the poppet sealing surface, the poppet-seat interface being at an angle ? of from 20 to 90° to the axis. In one embodiment the seat is removable, allowing the geometry of at least the poppet head surface and/or the seat inside surface, which defines a fluid flow-path cross-section, to be tailored.

Abstract: A prosthetic limb socket assembly includes a bleeder valve configured to automatically adjust vacuum pressure within the prosthetic limb socket based upon a difference in ambient air pressure and vacuum pressure within the prosthetic limb socket. The bleeder valve includes: a housing having a first end, a second end, and channel extending therethrough providing fluid communication between the ambient and the interior of the prosthetic limb socket; and a valve disc disposed within the channel and biased into a substantially sealed engagement with a valve seat, wherein a certain pressure difference between the ambient and the interior of the prosthetic limb socket is operative to overcome the bias and unseat the valve disc from the valve seat.

Abstract: The method and system for attenuating or damping the amplitude of vacuum pressure oscillations in a vacuum system uses a flow-modulated damper to disperse and damp high-amplitude vacuum oscillations of a vacuum generator to a degree where fine vacuum control may be achieved for delicate work such as eye surgery.

Abstract: A fire truck operable to automatically refill a water tank comprises a first pressure transducer coupled to an intake inlet of the pump and operable to measure an intake pressure, a second pressure transducer coupled to a discharge outlet of the pump and operable to measure a discharge pressure, a first pump discharge pipe coupled between the discharge outlet of the pump and a fire hose, a second pump discharge pipe coupled between the discharge outlet of the pump and the water tank, a control valve disposed in the second pump discharge pipe, and a controller operable to automatically sense a low water level condition of the tank, and automatically control the engine speed, the pump speed, and the control valve so that adequate water supply to the fire hose via the first pump discharge pipe is automatically maintained while automatically refilling the water tank via the second pump discharge pipe.

Abstract: The invention provides an insect trap including a housing having located therein a gas bottle or container, one or more modulators having a viscous medium to produce a pulsed flow of gas and a capillary tube interconnecting the gas bottle or container and a respective modulator; a conduit assembly interconnecting a modulator at one end and connectable to a gas bottle or container at another end; an attachment body for attachment to a gas bottle or container; and a method of producing a pulsed flow of gas from a container or source of said gas.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exemplary hydraulic system including a first fluid circuit and a first pump fluidly connected to the first fluid circuit. The first pump configured to produce a fluid output at a first flow rate when operated at a selected speed. The hydraulic system further includes a second fluid circuit and a second pump selectively fluidly connectable to the first fluid circuit and the second fluid circuit. The second pump configured to produce a fluid output at a second flow rate when operated at the selected speed, with the second flow rate being greater than the first flow rate of the first pump. A first valve fluidly connects the second pump to the first fluid circuit when the first valve is arranged in an open position, and fluidly connects the second pump to second fluid circuit when the first valve is arranged in a closed position.

Abstract: An inflation nozzle for inflating an inflatable structure. The inflation nozzle includes a nozzle body, a probe, and a connection portion. The nozzle body defines a nozzle channel therethrough, and the channel has a channel outlet for expelling a fluid therefrom. The probe extends from the nozzle body adjacent and beyond the channel outlet, and is configured and dimensioned to facilitate positioning an inflation aperture of the flexible structure onto the nozzle body for directing fluid into the inflation aperture. The connection portion associates with the nozzle body for fluidly connecting the channel to a fluid source for delivering fluid through the channel to inflate the flexible structure.

Abstract: A method of operating an assembly for recycling a solvent from a contaminated solvent solution including a source for the contaminated solvent solution at a level and a recycling assembly including a reservoir module and a recycler module. The reservoir module includes a reservoir and the recycler module includes a controller and a distillation assembly including a distiller having a conduit and a pressure relief valve. The pressure relief valve includes a tube. The method includes connecting the conduit to the source below the level; connecting the pressure relief valve tube to the source; pumping solvent into the reservoir, distiller and conduit to an operational level; and selecting a duty cycle of the controller to regulate a rest period after the controller operation of a distillation cycle.

Abstract: Hydraulic pulses are produced each time that a pulse valve interrupts the flow of a pressurized fluid through a conduit. The pulse valve includes an elongate housing having an inlet configured to couple to the conduit to receive the pressurized fluid, and an outlet configured to couple to one or more tools. In the housing, a valve assembly includes a poppet reciprocating between open and closed positions, and a poppet seat, in which the poppet closes to at least partially block the flow of pressurized fluid through the valve. A pilot within the poppet moves between disparate positions to modify fluid paths within the valve. When the valve is open, a relatively lower pressure is produced by a Venturi effect as the fluid flows through a throat in the poppet seat, to provide a differential pressure used to move the pilot and poppet. An optional bypass reduces the pulse amplitude.

Abstract: A liquid sending method comprises the steps of sending a coating solution to a liquid sending pipe, passing the coating solution to an orifice which is provided at a part of the liquid sending pipe to prevent a vibration propagation and passing the coating solution to a pulsation absorb device which is provided at a part of the liquid sending pipe where is located at a downstream of the orifice, wherein the pulsation absorb device includes a first chamber that a liquid can flow in and out, a second chamber which is introduced a gas, and a diaphragm which separates the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: A system for evacuating gas from a brake booster of a motor vehicle includes: a first conduit adapted to be connected fluidly to the brake booster; an electric pump connected fluidly to the first conduit, and controllable to evacuate gas from the brake booster via the first conduit; a second conduit; an electric valve fluidly connecting the first and second conduits to each other; a mechanical pump connected fluidly to the second conduit, and adapted to be driven by a vehicle drive unit of the motor vehicle to evacuate gas from the brake booster via the first conduit, the electric valve, and the second conduit; and a control unit operatively associated with the electric pump and the electric valve, and configured to control operations of the electric pump and the electric valve according to a working state of the mechanical pump.

Abstract: A hydraulic system is disclosed. The hydraulic system may have a pump, a first actuator, and a meterless circuit connecting the first actuator to the pump. The hydraulic system may also have a second actuator connected to the meterless circuit in parallel with the first actuator.

Abstract: In some examples, a wireless controller is utilized within a wireless mesh network. The wireless controller includes a control module configured to manage at least one energy device via a pneumatic pressure line based on one or more parts of an energy profile; and a network interface module configured to transmit energy data to a management server and receive the one or more parts of the energy profile from the management server.

Abstract: A flow valve with an integral pressure-independent fluid flow controller for controlling the flow of fluid and corresponding methods for controlling fluid flow are provided. The flow valve comprises a valve body, one or more valve blades arranged on the valve body for controlling fluid flow in a duct section, an actuator for modulating the one or more valve blades, a flow sensor or sensors for sensing fluid flow, a tuning calculation module adapted for determining or monitoring a pressure drop across the valve body and for calculating tuning constants based on the pressure drop, and a controller for controlling the actuator based on a difference between a fluid flow setpoint and the sensed fluid flow in accordance with the tuning constants. The pressure drop may be determined from an algorithm based on blade position and sensed fluid flow, or may be directly measured.

Abstract: Provided are various devices and processes that harness the inherent kinetic energy of a flowing pressurized fluid to drive a compressor to compress a fluid without any need for electrical or chemical energy. The flowing fluid flows over a boundary layer disk turbine, or Tesla turbine, which is mechanically coupled to a compressor that compresses a fluid. The flowing fluid may be a natural gas from a hydrocarbon recovery operation. The compressed fluid may be a vapor gas from a hydrocarbon production, processing, or storage facility. Harnessing the kinetic energy of the flowing fluid increases economic efficiency of the process, while also avoiding unwanted emissions adverse to the environment and public health.

Abstract: A tire inflation system and a method of control. The tire inflation system includes the first gas supply and a second gas supply. The first gas supply is configured to provide a first compressed gas mixture. The second gas supply is configured to provide a second compressed gas mixture having a greater concentration of nitrogen than the first compressed gas mixture. The first or second compressed gas mixtures may be provided to inflate a vehicle tire.

Abstract: A pressure controlling system includes a pressurized device, a piston device, and an electromagnetic routing valve. The pressurized device includes a moving cavity, and a receiving cavity adapted to receive liquid. A pipe is connected to the receiving cavity, and the pipe is adapted to connect a hydraulic cylinder plate. A connecting pipe, a noise elimination pipe, a first gas transmitting pipe, and a second gas transmitting pipe are connected to the electromagnetic routing valve. The first gas transmitting pipe and the second gas transmitting pipe are connected to the pressurized device.

Abstract: A temperature compensated accumulator is provided.

Abstract: A rupture disk (20), along with associated methods, is disclosed. More particularly, a miniaturized rupture disk is disclosed, comprising a transition area (23) configured to determine a pressure at which the rupture able portion will rupture. A method for forming a rupture disk is also disclosed, wherein a radius (R) of a transition area is configured to set the burst pressure of the rupture disk. A rupture disk having an indent at its apex (24) and a circular line of weakness configured to improve opening performance is also disclosed. Additionally, a method of relieving pressure in a pressurized system is disclosed, wherein a set of rupture disks is provided, wherein each rupture disk in the set has a different radius of transition area. A rupture disk may be selected from the set and installed based on a burst pressure set by the radius of transition area.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for substantially eliminating destructive transients of pressure or flow rate which can degrade the efficiency and useful lifetime of chromatography columns. The present invention enables a substantially constant flow of mobile phase liquid to be maintained through the chromatography system by eliminating the flow blockage interval associated with the actuation of sample injection valves. The present invention further provides a method to reduce the pressure and flow rate transients associated with pressurization of the sample loop contents when the sample loop is introduced to chromatography system delivery pressure.

Abstract: A system and methods for reducing pressure in an enclosed volume is disclosed. A first quantity of steam is inserted into a condensation chamber, and the first quantity of steam is substantially condensed in the condensation chamber. A first quantity of air is extracted from an enclosed volume into the condensation chamber.

Abstract: A solenoid operated valve and method of assembly characterized by a threaded connection between the pole piece (69) and the cage (11), the threaded connection (75) including a first threaded connecting portion fixed in relation to the pole piece and a second threaded connecting portion fixed in relation to the cage and in threaded engagement with the first threaded portion such that relative rotation of the first and second threaded portions would vary the axial spacing between the proximal end of the pole piece and the valve seat (38) over a range of adjustment; and an anti-rotation device interposed between the first and second threaded connecting portions for locking the first and second threaded connecting portions against relative rotation to fix the axial spacing between the proximal end of the pole piece and the valve seat within such range of adjustment, which axial spacing regulates the maximum pressure that can be supplied to the control port (25).

Abstract: In a method or apparatus for closed-loop-control of a fluid conveying system, at least one pump, at least one consumer, at least one controller valve, and at least one armature as an actuator of said control valve are provided. Pressure and volume flow rate of the consumer are controlled independently of each other by means of a decoupling controller.

Abstract: A pressure relief valve assembly includes a body having a passage extending therethrough. The body includes an upstream end adapted to be connected to a source of fluid pressure, an intermediate portion, and a downstream end having a downstream exit. A rupture disk is mounted in the passageway and blocks the fluid pressure of the source from the downstream end. In operation, the rupture disk configured to rupture above a predetermined differential fluid pressure. A catcher is disposed in the passage downstream of the rupture disk. The catcher generally includes a disk portion with at least one opening sized to prevent passage of the rupture disk through the catcher in response to a rupture disk failure while simultaneously allowing fluid flow through the catcher to the downstream exit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for compression of boil-off gas produced in the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), in which the boil-off gas is compressed in a single-stage or multistage manner and then fed to a further use. The boil-off gas (1) that is to be compressed undergoes a pressure elevation by means of at least one ejector (Y) and then warmed (E2), before being compressed (V) in a single-stage or multistage manner> The motive gas (2) used for the ejector (Y) is a substream of the compressed boil-off gas and/or a gas, the composition of which is substantially identical to or similar to that of the boil-off gas (1) and/or the addition of which to the boil-off gas does not adversely affect the intended use of the compressed boil-off gas.

Abstract: A closed-loop system includes a pump driving a fluid through a series of conduits. A control system is included that minimizes pressure fluctuations in a bootstrap reservoir to maintain a desired minimum pressure at the pump inlet. Moreover, the control system reduces a maximum system pressure by reducing the magnitude of pressure fluctuations encountered by the bootstrap reservoir.

Abstract: A pressure compensation device for compensating an internal pressure in a housing of an electrochemical device is provided, including at least one gas through-opening and at least one membrane element with a gas-permeable membrane, which is deformable depending on a change in the internal pressure and by which the gas through-opening is blocked, and a protective degassing element, which is configured and arranged in such a way that when a critical deformation of the membrane is reached, it damages the membrane in such a way that the membrane at least partially opens the gas through-opening for protective degassing of the housing. The pressure compensation device allows both reliable pressure compensation between the interior of the housing and the exterior of the housing of an electrochemical device during normal operation of the electrochemical device and also ensures reliable bursting protection in the event of excess internal pressure in the housing.