Abstract: An embodiment of a fluid control device includes a housing, a fluid channel defined within the housing, the fluid channel having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface and having an inlet, and a flow control body disposed in the fluid channel, the flow control body tapering toward the inlet. The body, in use, causing fluid flowing through the channel to diverge into at least a first path between the first surface and a first side of the body, and a second path defined by at least by the second side of the body. A geometry of the first path and the second path selected is based on a subcool of the fluid at a pressure of the fluid entering the fluid channel, and the geometry is selected to induce cavitation of the fluid to choke fluid flow through the fluid channel.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A flow control assembly comprising: a mounting bracket attachable to a wall of a collection chamber, the mounting bracket having an opening extending therethrough; a flow control module detachably coupled to the mounting bracket, the flow control module having an inlet and an outlet, the outlet being aligned with the opening of the mounting bracket; and a gasket having an opening extending therethrough, the opening being smaller than the outlet of the flow control module and the opening of the mounting bracket. The gasket is disposed between the flow control module and the mounting bracket so as to seal the flow control module against the mounting bracket, with the opening of the gasket aligned with the outlet of the flow control module and the opening of the mounting bracket so as to restrict flow out of the flow control module. Also described is a corresponding kit of parts and method of installation.

Abstract: A clearance control device including a segment having a passage to deliver fluid towards a component rotating past the segment. Also a fluid flow device having a first fluid path coupled to the passage and a second fluid path that is decoupled from the passage. A first plasma generator is located in the fluid flow device that directs fluid towards the first fluid path; a second plasma generator is located in the fluid flow device that directs fluid towards the second fluid path; and a control arrangement is configured to alternately energize the first and second plasma generators at an energizing frequency to deliver fluid to the passage at a frequency coincident with the passing frequency of the component.

Abstract: Provided is a fluid transportation device and a fluid transportation method in which a transported fluid such as a gas or a liquid can be ejected into a space from an ejection unit and transported locally to a target location distant from the ejection unit while minimizing scattering. The transporting fluid is ejected from an ejection port into a space and thereby forms vortex rings, and the transported fluid is fed to the outside of the transporting fluid at a speed that is lower than that at the center of the transporting fluid, whereby the transported fluid is directly accommodated in the vortex rings formed by the transporting fluid moving in a rolling motion at the ejection port, and transported together with the vortex rings.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlling the flow of fluid, such as formation fluid, through an oilfield tubular positioned in a wellbore extending through a subterranean formation. Fluid flow is autonomously controlled in response to change in a fluid flow characteristic, such as density or viscosity. In one embodiment, a fluid diverter is movable between an open and closed position in response to fluid density change and operable to restrict fluid flow through a valve assembly inlet. The diverter can be pivotable, rotatable or otherwise movable in response to the fluid density change. In one embodiment, the diverter is operable to control a fluid flow ratio through two valve inlets. The fluid flow ratio is used to operate a valve member to restrict fluid flow through the valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing a flow of a fluid. The fluid is received at an input port of a structure. The fluid is sent through a chamber in communication with the input port. The fluid is caused to flow from the chamber and out of an output port in a direction that changes with a frequency based on an application of pressure pulses in the chamber.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a device for directing the flow of a fluid comprises: a fluid chamber; a first outlet; a second outlet; a first outlet fluid passageway, wherein the first outlet fluid passageway is operatively connected to the first outlet; and a second outlet fluid passageway, wherein the second outlet fluid passageway is operatively connected to the second outlet; wherein the fluid rotationally flows about the inside of the chamber, and wherein the fluid flowing through the first outlet fluid passageway conjoins with the fluid flowing through the second outlet fluid passageway at a point downstream of the first and second outlet.

Abstract: The invention concerns a vortex fluid flow device comprising a vortex chamber, multiple forward flow inlets to the chamber and a reverse flow inlet to the chamber. The vortex fluid flow device is arranged such that in use there is a greater pressure drop across the device when there is reverse fluid flow than when there is forward fluid flow.

Abstract: A drainage system is provided that comprises a gully having a circumferential side wall, an outlet and a vortex brake with a vortex chamber having a chamber wall with a peripheral inlet opening and a central outlet opening, the vortex brake being arranged in the gully so that a flow path from the inside of the gully to the outlet leads through the vortex brake, and a drainpipe is connected to the outlet. The vortex brake is arranged in the gully so as to be non-demountable, and the vortex brake is provided with a flushing access having a hose connection.

Abstract: An artificially created atmospheric circulation system comprising a plurality of vortex generating units (10), wherein each vortex generating unit (10) is configured to generate an upwardly directed vortex 15 within the atmosphere and wherein the plurality of vortex generating units are configured and associated so that all of the vortices 15 produced combine to provide a single atmospheric vortex (17).

Abstract: A fluid flow system is provided. The system includes a tank, a first manifold and a second manifold. The tank has a generally centralized portion and a sidewall. The tank extends from a lower portion to an upper portion to contain fluid therein. The first manifold is located adjacent the sidewall and has a first length extending from the lower portion to the upper portion. The first manifold defines at least in part a first opening extending along at least a portion of the first length permitting fluid flow therethrough. The first manifold is positioned to permit fluid to flow between the first manifold and the sidewall independent of the first opening. The second manifold is located about the centralized portion and has a second length extending from the lower portion to the upper portion. The second manifold defines a second opening extending along at least a portion of the second length permitting fluid flow therethrough.

Abstract: Variable flow resistance systems can be used to regulate fluid flow in various applications, particularly within a subterranean formation. A variable flow resistance system can comprise a chamber configured to induce rotational motion of a fluid flowing therethrough, a fluid inlet coupled to the chamber, and a fluid outlet coupled to the chamber that allows the fluid to exit through at least a sidewall of the chamber. If desired, a plurality of the chambers can be connected in series fluid flow communication with one another.

Abstract: A fluid discrimination system can include a fluid discriminator which selects through which of multiple outlet flow paths a fluid composition flows, the selection being based on a direction of flow of the fluid composition through the discriminator, and the direction being dependent on a fluid type in the fluid composition. Another fluid discriminator can include a structure which displaces in response to a fluid composition flow, whereby an outlet flow path of the fluid composition changes in response to a change in a ratio of fluids in the fluid composition. A method of discriminating between fluids can include providing a fluid discriminator which selects through which of multiple outlet flow paths a fluid composition flows in the well, the selection being based on a direction of flow of the fluid composition through the discriminator, and the direction being dependent on a ratio of the fluids in the fluid composition.

Abstract: A variable flow resistance system for use with a subterranean well can include a flow chamber through which a fluid composition flows, the chamber having at least two inlets, and a flow resistance which varies depending on proportions of the fluid composition which flow into the chamber via the respective inlet flow paths, and an actuator which varies the proportions. The actuator may deflect the fluid composition toward one of the inlet flow paths. A method of variably controlling flow resistance in a well can include changing an orientation of a deflector relative to a passage through which a fluid composition flows, thereby influencing the fluid composition to flow toward one of multiple inlet flow paths of a flow chamber, the chamber having a flow resistance which varies depending on proportions of the fluid composition which flow into the chamber via the respective inlet flow paths.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a process for granulating a metal melt. The apparatus substantially comprises a round water tank, into which water is injected in a tangential direction with the aid of a number of nozzles, so that the water in the tank rotates and forms a parabolic surface. The nozzles are arranged such that they are distributed in height and around the circumference of the tank wall. The uppermost nozzle is located in the region of the surface of the water and produces a stream of water or fan of water lying in the surface of the water. For granulating a metal melt, it is poured continuously from a melting crucible into the stream of water or fan of water of the uppermost nozzle.

Abstract: A vortex generator, designed to bring a medium into a controlled vortex motion, with a hollow inlet section (1) to direct the medium into the vortex generator. The inlet section consists of a rotational symmetric cavity (101) with a curved geometry (108). Furthermore, a vortex chamber (4a; 4b), inside which the vortex motion is to be established, is attached to the inlet section. The inlet section (1) contains at least one spiral-shaped conic channel for di-recting the medium from the rotational symmetric cavity to the vortex chamber. The vortex chamber is either trumpet-shaped (4a) or egg-shaped (4b).

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex control apparatus is disclosed which has a unit body extending longitudinally along a central axis. The unit body has a plurality of primary fins extending radially from its central axis. The unit body also has a plurality of secondary fins extending radially from its central axis. Each of the plurality of primary fins can be spaced apart and be positioned disposed between two primary fins. The vortex control apparatus can also include a flange coupled to the unit body that extending radially from the central axis of the unit body. The flange can also extend radially from the central axis of the unit body farther than primary fins or the secondary fins.

Abstract: Regulated pneumatic gas is supplied through a gas supply tube (14) which is welded to a pilot valve housing (18) which accommodates a solenoid valve (16). When the solenoid valve is electrically activated and opened, the pneumatic gas flows through a bifurcated channel (22) which is welded to the pilot valve housing and to a fuel valve mechanism (24A) and to an oxidizer valve mechanism (24B). The force of the pneumatic gas causes pistons (38A, 38B) to actuate respective poppets (36A, 36B). Movement of the poppets results in the dispensing of fuel propellant from a fuel outlet chamber (44A) and the dispensing of oxidizer from an oxidizer outlet chamber (44B). The fuel valve mechanism and oxidizer valve mechanism are positioned and oriented such that the exiting fuel and oxidizer are mixed in a vortex rocket engine.

Abstract: A variable flow resistance system can include a vortex device, with resistance to flow of a fluid composition through the vortex device being dependent on a rotation of the fluid composition at an inlet to the vortex device. Another system can include a second vortex device which receives a fluid composition from an outlet of a first vortex device, a resistance to flow of the fluid composition through the second vortex device being dependent on a rotation of the fluid composition at the outlet. Another system can include a first vortex device which causes increased rotation of a fluid composition at an outlet thereof in response to an increase the fluid composition velocity, and a second vortex device which receives the fluid composition from the outlet, a flow resistance through the second vortex device being dependent on the rotation of the fluid composition at the outlet.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A variable flow resistance system can include a vortex device, with resistance to flow of a fluid composition through the vortex device being dependent on a rotation of the fluid composition at an inlet to the vortex device. Another system can include a second vortex device which receives a fluid composition from an outlet of a first vortex device, a resistance to flow of the fluid composition through the second vortex device being dependent on a rotation of the fluid composition at the outlet. Another system can include a first vortex device which causes increased rotation of a fluid composition at an outlet thereof in response to an increase the fluid composition velocity, and a second vortex device which receives the fluid composition from the outlet, a flow resistance through the second vortex device being dependent on the rotation of the fluid composition at the outlet.

Abstract: A well tool can comprise a fluid input, a fluid output and a fluidic oscillator which produces oscillations in a fluid which flows from the input to the output. The fluidic oscillator can include a vortex chamber with inlets, whereby fluid enters the vortex chamber alternately via the inlets, the inlets being configured so that the fluid enters the vortex chamber in different directions via the respective inlets, and a fluid switch which directs the fluid alternately toward different flow paths in response to pressure differentials between feedback fluid paths. The feedback fluid paths may be connected to the vortex chamber. The flow paths may cross each other between the fluid switch and the outlet.

Abstract: A vortex brake (4) for a liquid drainage system has a vortex chamber (5), an inlet section (6) and an outlet (12), wherein liquid can flow into the inlet section (6), through this into the vortex chamber (5), through this and out through the outlet (12). The vortex chamber (5) has a side wall (9), following a conical face, and a base wall (11). The conical face has a cone axis (10), and the outlet (12) is located at an apex of the conical face. The inlet section (6) has side walls (14) and a bottom wall (15) that extend mutually in parallel in a direction of flow (16) in the inlet section (6), and a ceiling. Said ceiling having a converging ceiling portion, which extends between a first and a second end of the ceiling portion, and which, in said direction of flow, extends converging towards the bottom wall (15).

Abstract: A fluid pathway is provided with a flow controller in at least a portion of its length wherein the flow controller comprises an active surface capable of influencing the fluid flow through the fluid pathway, the configuration of the active surface conforming to at least one logarithmic curve conforming to the Golden Section.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill string and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A system for variably resisting flow of a fluid composition can include a flow passage and a set of one or more branch passages which intersect the flow passage, whereby a proportion of the fluid composition diverted from the passage to the set of branch passages varies based on at least one of a) viscosity of the fluid composition, and b) velocity of the fluid composition in the flow passage. Another variable flow resistance system can include a flow path selection device that selects which of multiple flow paths a majority of fluid flows through from the device, based on a ratio of desired fluid to undesired fluid in the fluid composition. Yet another variable flow resistance system can include a flow chamber, with a majority of the fluid composition entering the chamber in a direction which changes based on a ratio of desired fluid to undesired fluid in the fluid composition.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A vortex-controlled variable flow resistance device ideal for use in a backpressure tool for advancing drill string in extended reach downhole operations. The characteristics of the pressure waves generated by the device are controlled by the growth and decay of vortices in the vortex chamber(s) of a flow path. The flow path includes a switch, such as a bi-stable fluidic switch, for reversing the direction of the flow in the vortex chamber. The flow path may include multiple vortex chambers, and the device may include multiple flow paths. A hardened insert in the outlet of the vortex chamber resists erosion. This device generates backpressures of short duration and slower frequencies approaching the resonant frequency of the drill string, which maximizes axial motion in the drill sting and weight on the bit. Additionally, fluid pulses produced by the tool enhance debris removal ahead of the bit.

Abstract: A choke assembly comprises an inlet (48) for a multiphase fluid stream, the stream comprising a first relatively heavy fluid phase and a second relatively light fluid phase; a first fluid outlet (116); a choke element (22) disposed between the inlet and the first fluid outlet operable to control the flow of fluid between the inlet and the first fluid outlet; a separation chamber (40, 114) disposed to provide separation of phases in the fluid stream upstream of the choke element; and a second outlet (118) for removing fluid from the separation cavity. The choke assembly is of particular use in the control of fluid streams produced from a subterranean well, in particular oil and gas produced from a subsea well.

Abstract: An arrangement for controlling flow of fluid to at least one component of a gas turbine engine, the arrangement includes a first conduit for providing fluid to the component; a flow valve, for controlling the flow of fluid in the first conduit, having first and second configurations; a second conduit for providing fluid to the flow valve to the control the configuration of the flow valve; and a magnetic valve, for controlling the flow of fluid in the second conduit, having first and second configurations and including at least one ferromagnet forming a portion of a magnetic circuit; the member comprising ferromagnetic material is thermally coupled to one of the group comprising the fluid in the first conduit, the fluid in the second conduit and the component; and the configuration of the flow valve is dependent on the configuration of the magnetic valve.

Abstract: Embodiments of a vortice-amplified diffuser section for use in a buoyancy dissipater are generally described herein. The vortice-amplified diffuser section may include a plurality of diffusion ports to diffuse an expanding gas, a reduction sleeve to adjust an amount of diffusion flow, and vortex generators within at least some of the diffusion ports to generate vortices. The reduction sleeve may be configurable to block off some of the diffusion ports. The vortex generators may generate vortices of gas bubbles in the water to reduce the water's buoyancy and to inhibit movement or disrupt the operations of an errant vessel. The reduction sleeve may be used to control the size, shape, and intensity of the expanding gas bubble or bubble plume as well as to control the lethality level of the buoyancy reduction.

Abstract: Provision of flow control arrangements which can be switched from high flow restriction to low flow restriction or vice versa are desirable. It is known to use switched vortex valves comprising a vortex chamber having a diverter portion which jets a through flow into either radial presentation to an outlet or tangential presentation with differential flow restrictions. Typically deflection is through cross flows presented from control ports as determined by mechanically actuated and controlled valves. Sensors are required to determine pressure differentials in order to actuate these moving part valves. By providing association between the control ports and an outlet path along with appropriate configuration and sizing of the flow regulators switching states can be provided through the cross flows presented via the flow regulators between the high and low through flow restriction. The flow regulators generally comprise orifice restrictors, diffusers/venturi arrangements or vortex throttles.

Abstract: An electronic control unit has a respiratory filter mounted on a waterproof case. Raised protective walls formed in the case surround the portion of the case at which the respiratory filter is arranged. At least two concave portions are provided for drainage that each extend through different positions of the protective walls.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing a pressure of compressed natural gas and for delivering natural gas are disclosed. A regulator comprising a vortex tube may be used to reduce the pressure of compressed natural gas while a temperature thereof is also reduced. The temperature reduction associated with a pressure drop in the compressed natural gas is achieved by throttling the gas at constant enthalpy from 3,000 PSIG to 150 PSIG through the regulator. At least one heat exchanger may be utilized to increase the temperature of the compressed natural gas to a temperature suitable for injection delivery. A pressure-reducing regulator may be used to further reduce a pressure of the gas to about 45 PSIG for delivery to an end-user.

Abstract: A vortex flow control device is manufactured by forming a template unit having end walls of which the wall has an outlet opening, and a partial outer wall. The partial outer wall has an opening. A plate is subsequently secured to the template unit to partially close the opening, to leave an inlet. The size of the plate is selected so as to result in an inlet 30 sized to achieve required flow characteristics for the finished device. The plate is inclined to a planar portion on the opposite side of the inlet at an angle in the range 85° to 95°, so as to induce turbulence in the region of the inlet.

Abstract: A device for preventing sedimentation by regulating the flow of waste water through drain draining-wells, with or without a pump. The device has of a swirl chamber with connected outlet pipe and provided with an air injector. The swirl chamber which is tapered, generates a vortex flow in which the air added by the air injector gives the sludge particles a certain amount of buoyancy, making it easier for them to accompany the water flow without being precipitated.

Abstract: A system and method for conveying flowable material through a conduit that creates a strong laminar flow of the material surrounded by a boundary layer flow of the same or a different flowable material, such that long transport distances through dramatic elevation and directional changes can be achieved. Some embodiments of the system include a blower assembly, an inlet conduit, an outlet conduit and a mixing chamber, wherein the mixing chamber includes an outer barrel, an inner barrel and an accelerating chamber. Low pressure air is supplied to the system by the blower assembly and mixed with particulate material. The air/material mixture is transported through the mixing chamber into the accelerating chamber and through the outlet conduit. In other embodiments, the particulate material is mixed with the air in the accelerating chamber.

Abstract: A fluid pathway is provided with a flow controller in at least a portion of its length wherein the flow controller comprises an active surface capable of influencing the fluid flow through the fluid pathway, the configuration of the active surface conforming to at least one logarithmic curve conforming to the Golden Section.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure include: confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structures, mass spectrometry systems including a confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using the confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using mass spectrometry system, methods of transmitting droplets and ions, methods of evaporating droplets and desolvating ions, and the like.

Abstract: Provision of flow control arrangements which can be switched from high flow restriction to low flow restriction or vice versa are desirable. It is known to use switched vortex valves comprising a vortex chamber having a diverter portion which jets a through flow into either radial presentation to an outlet or tangential presentation with differential flow restrictions. Typically deflection is through cross flows presented from control ports as determined by mechanically actuated and controlled valves. Sensors are required to determine pressure differentials in order to actuate these moving part valves. By providing association between the control ports and an outlet path along with appropriate configuration and sizing of the flow regulators switching states can be provided through the cross flows presented via the flow regulators between the high and low through flow restriction. The flow regulators generally comprise orifice restrictors, diffusers/venturi arrangements or vortex throttles.

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure include: confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structures, mass spectrometry systems including a confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using the confining/focusing vortex flow transmission structure, methods of using mass spectrometry system, methods of transmitting droplets and ions, methods of evaporating droplets and desolvating ions, and the like.

Abstract: A fluid flow control valve comprises a plurality of vortex, fluid pressure reduction chambers 1, each vortex chamber having an inlet in the form of a curved flowpath 2 having an inlet orifice 3 of defined cross sectional area which decreases along the length of the inlet flowpath to a minimum point at a throat 4 close to which it opens into the vortex chamber 1. The fluid flow within the vortex chamber takes a generally spiral flow path having both radial and axial components from the throat 4 towards an outlet 5 positioned substantially axially at an end of the vortex chamber, the curvature of the inlet flowpath being such that the direction of the flow therein is in substantially the same direction as the radial component of the flow within the vortex chamber.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an accumulator including a flow damper which is capable of forming a strong vortex in a vortex chamber to thereby obtain a high flow resistance at the time of a small flow injection.

Abstract: A fluid particle cleaner and method are disclosed. The invention provides a partition to a side of a fluid nozzle to form: a central cavity configured to define the fluid departing the surface into a central cavity vortex; and a side cavity adjacent the central cavity to define fluid escaping from the central cavity into a side vortex. The vortices interact in a counter-rotating and stationary fashion. The strong and smaller central vortex creates an upward air velocity field that forces any airborne particle to move away from the surface. The side vortex is designed to: connect the central vortex velocity field to the vacuum flow and allow airborne particles to remain suspended until they reach the vacuum flow; and create a decelerating field for high speed particles traveling parallel (horizontally) to the surface to increase the residence time in the central vortex with positive vertical velocity.