Abstract: The wireless supervisory control and data acquisition water supply monitoring system is an apparatus/device for monitoring the conditions of water supply equipment, lines, storage, and processing tanks using a wireless and/or cellular network for data transfer and exchange. The present invention is compact and completely cellular, reducing the wiring needed compared to what is currently available. The water monitoring system of the present invention includes remote monitoring, remote control for starting and stopping pumps and valves, automatic control for pumps, notification/alerts when sensor values are out of range, notification/alerts when system goes offline, notification/alerts for power outages, monitoring amp usage of pump motors to track health of pump or motor, generic four to twenty milliamp connections custom sensors, mapping features, simple user interface for ease of use, and company administrator feature which allows company administrator to add company users and control user access.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device (1) for scanning a DMC and/or a barcode on the shaft of a tool, comprising: a scan camera (3), a housing (5) on which the scan camera is arranged and aligned in such a way that it can scan an area inside the housing, the alignment of the scan camera (3) defining a scanning direction from the scan camera (3) to the tool shaft to be scanned and the area defining a scanning area, wherein the housing (5) has an opening (7) on a wall substantially parallel to the scanning direction, such that the shaft of the tool provided with a DMC and/or barcode can be inserted perpendicular to the scanning direction into the scanning area for scanning.

Abstract: System and method for determining the location of a bottom hole assembly (BHA) during drilling of a well are provided. During drilling, a computer system determines an increase in measured depth during a time interval, and adjusts the determined measured depth to account for tensile and compressive forces, which may stretch or compress, respectively, the length of the drillstring. The computer system also determines a curvature projection of the drillstring responsive to a plane of arc and a build rate estimate, and uses the curvature projection to determine a position of the BHA.

Abstract: Shut-off device for a duct, in which a measuring device comprising a transmitter is housed, the shut-off device comprising: a connecting ring formed of a peripheral wall and an inner rim, which is at least present on one section of the periphery of the peripheral wall and defines a housing for accommodating at least part of the transmitter; a cover configured to close the duct and clip onto the connecting ring and thus rigidly connect the transmitter of the measuring device to the shut-off device.

Abstract: A conduit system for transporting gas from a gas containing chamber for processing a substrate from which semiconductor devices are formed includes a liner with a spiral vent. The conduit system utilizes a curtain of gas to prevent or reduce deposition of material onto an inner surface of the conduit transporting the gas from the gas containing chamber.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge tubing segment includes a porous non-conductive interior surface and an adjacent conductive polymer portion. The conductive polymer portion is configured to transfer electrostatic charge generated by a charged fluid passing through the tubing segment to ground such that electrostatic discharge can be mitigated.

Abstract: A corrosion monitoring device for pipe systems according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pipe having a first pipe portion and a second pipe portion. The first pipe portion includes a wall having a first wall thickness, and the second pipe portion includes a wall having a second wall thickness that is greater than the first wall thickness. The corrosion monitoring device further includes a structure coupled to the pipe and defining a sealed chamber between the structure and at least the first pipe portion, and a sensor for sensing a pressure in the sealed chamber or for sensing a liquid in the sealed chamber. Example corrosion monitoring devices and methods for monitoring corrosion in pipe systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A corrosion monitoring device for pipe systems according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pipe having a first pipe portion and a second pipe portion. The first pipe portion includes a wall having a first wall thickness, and the second pipe portion includes a wall having a second wall thickness that is greater than the first wall thickness. The corrosion monitoring device further includes a structure coupled to the pipe and defining a sealed chamber between the structure and at least the first pipe portion, and a sensor for sensing a pressure in the sealed chamber or for sensing a liquid in the sealed chamber. Example corrosion monitoring devices and methods for monitoring corrosion in pipe systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A fire sprinkler system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a pipe having a first pipe portion and a second pipe portion. The first pipe portion includes a wall having a first wall thickness, and the second pipe portion includes a wall having a second wall thickness that is greater than the first wall thickness. The fire sprinkler system further includes a structure coupled to the pipe and defining a sealed chamber between the structure and at least the first pipe portion, and a sensor for sensing a liquid in the sealed chamber. Example corrosion monitoring devices and methods for monitoring corrosion in pipe systems, including fire sprinkler systems, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A flexible pipe includes one or more outer layers, a primary liner disposed internal to the one or more outer layers, and a removable liner disposed internal to the primary liner. Additionally, a flexible piping system includes the flexible pipe with a first end and a second end. Further, an annulus is disposed between the primary liner and the removable liner. Furthermore, a pressure port is provided and extends from the annulus to an outer surface of the flexible piping system. An end fitting is disposed at the first end of the flexible pipe.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a tool part for a cutting tool having an identification marker arranged at the tool part, wherein the identification marker is a unique machine readable code associated with individual dimension information data. The individual dimension information data includes at least one individually measured dimension of the tool part as measured when manufacturing the tool part that will change while wearing the tool part. The disclosure further relates to a system, a method and computer program product for utilizing an identification marker on a tool part for a cutting tool, for determining a tool wear of the tool part.

Abstract: A system for sensing a physical property of a fluid flowing inside a composite hose includes a radio frequency identification (RFID) reader arranged to transmit radio frequency signals. An RFID tag receives the radio frequency signals and exchanges the received radio frequency to electrical energy powering the RFID tag. An included sensor electrically connected to the RFID tag receives the electrical energy from the RFID tag and powers the sensor to obtain measurement data of at least one physical property of the fluid and transmit the measurement data to the RFID tag. The RFID tag transmits the measurement data to the RFID reader using the radio frequency.

Abstract: A pipe end fitting assembly that includes an outer body having an outer surface, an inner surface defining a first bore, and an end surface, and an inner body having an inner surface defining a second bore and an outer surface. A portion of the inner body outer surface is secured to the outer body inner surface. A passage formed in the outer body includes a first portion extending from the end surface and parallel to the first bore, and a second portion extending from the outer body outer surface to the passage first portion. A pipe end is disposed around and secured to a portion of the inner body outer surface. A jacket is disposed around the pipe and has an end secured to the outer body outer surface. The passage portions are in fluid communication with each other and a space between the jacket and the pipe.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring a characteristic of a length of a pipeline, wherein the sensor comprises a sensor length arranged to extend helically along the pipeline length; and the sensor length extends parallel to a ridge extending radially from a layer of a wall of the pipeline length. A length of pipeline with an integrated sensor length may be constructed by bending a first strip of material into a helical form that comprises a first ridge; bending a second strip of material into a helical form, wherein the second strip of material comprises a second ridge; forming a tubular shape from the first and second strips of material, wherein the first strip of material at least partially surrounds the second strip of material, and the first ridge engages the second ridge; and wrapping a sensor length about the tubular shape.

Abstract: A filler pipe for suppressing swelling deformation caused by fuel, and a manufacturing method thereof. A resin filler pipe has a bellows section, including peaks and valleys, and an ordinary section, not including the bellows section, and is provided with at least inner layers, barrier layers, and outer layers. In the ordinary section, the inner layer is thinner than the outer layer, and the rate of increase in the proportion of the inner layer in the peaks of the bellows section with respect to the proportion of the inner layer in the ordinary section is equal to or less than the rate of increase in the proportion of the outer layer in the peaks of the bellows section with respect to the proportion of the outer layer in the ordinary section.

Abstract: Pipelines in operation specifically the ones operating under high pressures are subject to structural deficiencies therefore, they are susceptible to leakage. The present disclosure relates to a pipeline-leak-containment apparatus comprising an elongate tubular containment wall and at least a first clamp and a second clamp sealingly engaging a section of a pipe to form a sealed interstitial space between the elongate tubular containment wall and the pipe. The tubular containment wall comprises an inner layer, a reinforcement layer and an outer layer. Each clamp comprises an inner clamp, and an outer clamp, wherein at least the inner layer at each end of the elongate tubular containment wall is sealingly sandwiched between the inner clamp and the outer clamp of each clamp. Inner and outer clamps are split clamps that sealingly engage the pipe upon tightening of fastening members.

Abstract: A cured in place pipe system having a sensor has a cured in place pipe having a seam, a sensor incorporated into the seam, the sensor for transmitting a signal indicative of a condition within the cured in place pipe, and a communications device positioned remote from the sensor and capable of receiving the signal from the sensor.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of measuring the slope of a drainpipe while moving through the drainpipe. The method includes following steps: a) continuously measuring a slope of a pipe using a slope sensor disposed in a vehicle when the vehicle moves; b) measuring distances to a ceiling of the pipe in real time through non-contact sensors disposed at four positions, that is, at both sides of front and rear portions the vehicle, the step b) being performed simultaneously with the step a); and c) calculating slope differences, which are the degrees of inclination to the front, rear, left, and right using trigonometry and then correcting the slope by reflecting the slope differences to the slope measured in the step a), when there are differences in the distances measured in step b).

Abstract: Disclosed are embodiments of hydrocarbon leak detection cables that utilize time domain reflectometry to indicate the location of changes in impedance in a hydrocarbon leak detection cable. In addition, an embodiment of a hydrocarbon leak detection optical fiber is disclosed.

Abstract: A method for determining a fluid pressure parameter related to a fluid located within a fluid conduit, the method may include measuring one or more resistances of one or more nanoparticle based sensing elements to provide sensed information; wherein the one or more nanoparticle based sensing elements comprise nanometric particles having an electrical resistance that is responsive to at least one out of pressure and temperature; wherein the one or more nanoparticle based sensing elements are printed between conductive electrodes, wherein the conductive electrodes are either printed on an exterior of the fluid conduit or are formed on a substrate that is attached to the exterior of the fluid conduit; and determining, based on the sensed information, the fluid pressure parameter.

Abstract: A method that consists of the following steps: depressuring and isolating the annular space; recording a first pressure and temperature prevailing in the annular space; injecting a given amount of a measuring gas into the annular space and isolating the annular space, the annular space remaining under negative pressure after the injection and isolation; measuring the given amount of measuring gas; recording a second pressure in the annular space after the isolation of the annular space; and determining the free volume of the annular space on the basis of the first pressure, the second pressure, the temperature, and the measurement of the given amount of measuring gas.

Abstract: A thread protector that has an external sleeve to protect threads disposed on a tubular member. The thread protector includes a flange disposed on a first end of the external sleeve to be engageable with an end of the tubular member. The thread protector also includes a securing apparatus extending from the flange to frictionally engage an inner side of the tubular member to maintain the thread protector's engagement with the tubular member, the securing apparatus including a magnet that increases the force of the frictional engagement of the securing apparatus with the inner side of the tubular member. The securing apparatus can also extend from the flange to frictionally engage an inner side of the tubular member to maintain the thread protector's engagement with the tubular member, the securing apparatus rotatable relative to the external sleeve. A method of protecting pin threads of pin ends of tubular members by installing a thread protector on an end of a tubular member.

Abstract: A hose assembly includes an inner core tube, a metal outer tube, a first coupling member, and a first collar. The first coupling member has an inboard nose portion extending into a first end of the inner core tube. The metal outer tube surrounds the inner core tube and terminates at a first end axially inward of the first end of the inner core tube, with an outer cavity disposed between the inner core tube and the metal outer tube. The first collar has an outboard clamping portion surrounding the nose portion for clamping retention of the first end of the inner core tube therebetween, and an inboard venting portion welded to the first end of the metal outer tube, with the inboard venting portion including a venting port in fluid communication with the outer cavity.

Abstract: A flexible pipe for subsea transportation of production fluids, a method of manufacturing flexible pipe body and a method of providing corrosion protection to armour wires of at least one tensile armour layer of a flexible pipe having a breached pipe annulus are disclosed. The flexible pipe comprises a fluid retaining layer, an outer sheath and at least one tensile armour layer comprising a plurality of helically wound monofilament armour wires of a first material, each having a non-circular cross section with an aspect ratio of greater than 1:2 disposed between the fluid retaining layer and the outer sheath. The tensile armour layer further comprises at least one helically wound elongate anode element substantially having a cross-section aspect ratio of 1:1 and comprising a further material, interposed between armour wires, the anode element cross section having an area that is 50% or less of a corresponding area of said non-circular cross section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pipe suitable for conveying fluids in HVACR applications, which pipe comprises an inner tube delimiting an inner space or passageway for a fluid, an insulating cover and an anti-corrosion layer.

Abstract: A system for detecting a leak in a duct is disclosed, including a sheath covering a duct section, a fluid concentrating device and a sensor. The sheath is attached to a boundary portion of the duct section and forms an inner space between an outer surface of the duct section and the sheath. The fluid concentrating device has an opening through the sheath connecting the inner space to an external space outside the sheath. The inner space is sealed except for the opening through the sheath. The sensor is stationed outside the opening of the fluid concentrating device and is configured to detect fluid flow from the inner space through the opening at a level corresponding to a duct leak in a pre-burst condition.

Abstract: An anti-icing protection system for an aircraft engine nacelle, the nacelle comprising an inner shroud provided with at least one acoustic panel, an air intake lip forming a leading edge of the nacelle, the protection system comprising a heat exchanger device including at least one heat pipe configured to transfer heat emitted by a heat source to the acoustic panel or panels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a corrugated hose. The corrugated hose comprises at least one conductor arrangement. The conductor arrangement is arranged on the corrugated hose or introduced into the corrugated hose in such a manner that any damage to the at least one conductor arrangement causes a change in a signal carried in the at least one conductor arrangement such that damage to or a state change in the corrugated hose can be derived from the change in the signal.

Abstract: An anti-icing system for an aircraft nacelle includes an inner duct and an outer duct. The inner duct extends through a first bulkhead between a gas turbine engine and a plenum of the nacelle. The inner duct is configured to deliver heated gases from the gas turbine engine to the plenum. The outer duct includes a first end and a second end. The outer duct circumferentially encompasses at least a portion of the inner duct on a first side of the bulkhead. At least one of the first end and the second end of the outer duct is mounted to at least one of the respective first bulkhead and a second bulkhead by a bellows forming an annular seal between the respective bulkhead and the outer duct.

Abstract: Disclosed are a flexible pipe and a manufacturing method thereof. The flexible pipe includes an outer bellows formed in a corrugated tubular shape with mountains and valleys, an inner bellows formed in a corrugated tubular shape with mountains and valleys and provided inside the outer bellows, a pair of flanges connected to both ends of the outer bellows and the inner bellows, respectively, and a detection unit for checking whether leakage occurs due to damage or breakage of the outer and inner bellows by detecting an amount of oxygen present in an air having an atmospheric pressure and filled in an atmospheric space between the outer and inner bellows. Leakage due to damage or breakage of the outer and inner bellows can be detected based on variation in the amount of oxygen present in the space between the outer bellows and the inner bellows.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a composite tube with a stranded wire and a method for making same. The method may include providing a core and providing at least one layer comprising electrically conductive material. The method may further include applying the at least one layer around at least a portion of the core. The method may further include providing the stranded wire comprising an embedded portion. The method may further include embedding the embedded portion of the stranded wire within the at least one layer of electrically conductive material.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a rotation angle of an outlet of an atomizing nozzle is provided. The atomizing nozzle includes a nozzle core and a nozzle body. The method includes the following steps: measuring an outlet flow rate Q0 of the atomizing nozzle under a rated working pressure when an outlet clearance between the nozzle core and the nozzle body is ?=0; setting the outlet clearance between the nozzle core and the nozzle body by changing a phase angle between the nozzle core and the nozzle body, and measuring an outlet flow rate Q1 of the atomizing nozzle in a stable working state under the rated working pressure; calculating a flow coefficient of the atomizing nozzle; calculating the outlet clearance of the atomizing nozzle according to an expected outlet flow rate Q2 of the atomizing nozzle and the flow coefficient of the atomizing nozzle.

Abstract: A sensor system for sensing contaminants within a fluid stream of a fluid system includes a sensor body and an arm extending from the sensor body to a distal end of the arm, a laser light source configured to direct a laser beam outwardly from an outlet of the sensor body, and a light sensor. A fiber optic light guide is disposed in the sensor body and extends from the light sensor to an inlet of the sensor body for directing light to the light sensor. A beam dump is positioned at the distal end opposite the laser light source to absorb at least a portion of the laser beam directed towards the distal end. A blocking member of the arm is disposed intermediate between the sensor body and the distal end and is configured to partially restrict a field of intake of light at the inlet.

Abstract: A system includes a slurry pipe and a pipe liner disposed within an inner diameter of the slurry pipe. At least one redundant transducer wear ladder sensor is disposed within the pipe liner. A computer controller is operatively coupled to the at least one redundant transducer wear ladder sensor via a flexible ribbon cable. A radio-wave transmitter is operatively coupled to the computer controller. A radio-wave receiver is operatively coupled to the computer controller. A power source is operatively coupled to the radio-wave transmitter and to the radio-wave receiver.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a dry liner for reinforcing a pipe includes spirally winding a glass fiber-reinforced, continuous material around a mandrel such that a subsequent layer of the glass fiber-reinforced, continuous material at least partially overlaps a preceding layer of the material to form an overlapping region and affixing the subsequent layer of material to the preceding layer of material in the overlapping region prior to impregnating the dry liner with a resin to form a CIPP liner.

Abstract: A conduit embedded in thermoplastic and adhered to a pipeline with a porous material assisting in the adhesion. The porous material is adhered to the pipeline, the porous material having at least some pores occupied by the thermoplastic. The porous material may be a sleeve of fibrous material. The adhesion may be accomplished by positioning a sleeve of fibrous material around a guide, bringing the thermoplastic into contact with the sleeve and heating the thermoplastic to cause the thermoplastic to enter pores of the sleeve. The guide forms a barrier preventing the thermoplastic from reaching a portion of the sleeve, and that portion is adhered to the object. This method may also be applied to adhere a thermoplastic, with or without a conduit, to any object.

Abstract: A pipe assembly comprising a composite pipe, and end connector provided at an end of the pipe, and means for providing a visual indication of impact damage to the pipe, the means for providing a visual indication of impact damage to the pipe comprising a thin sleeve mounted around, but spaced from, a pipe body of the composite pipe, whereby at each end of the pipe body, the pipe body, the sleeve and the end connector are preferably sealingly fitted together, and wherein the sleeve is configured to provide a visual indication indicative of an impact acting on the sleeve even if the impact does not reach the pipe body.

Abstract: An example medical device includes a body portion having a tubular inner wall defining an inner channel, and a tubular outer wall encircling the inner wall. The outer wall defines an outer channel between the outer wall and the inner wall. The body portion also includes an indicator substance disposed within the outer channel. The device also includes an indicator portion defining an indicator channel. The body portion is configured to insert at least in part into a patient, and the indicator portion is configured to remain at least in part along an exterior of the patient when the body portion is inserted into the patient. The device is also configured to transfer at least a portion of the indicator substance from the outer channel to the indicator channel when the body portion is bent.

Abstract: A system for detecting leaks comprises at least one pipeline element, a leak detection device, and a pre-formed, heat-shrinkable sleeve comprising at least one inlet aperture. A method of manufacturing the sleeve comprises the steps of applying a cross-linkable material around a standard-sized sleeve mold, cross-linking the material, removing the cross-linked material from the mold, heating and stretching the cross-linked material around a stretching sleeve mold, allowing the material to cool, and removing the cooled sleeve from the mold. A method of monitoring a leak comprises the steps of receiving the pipeline element in the sleeve and applying heat to the sleeve, whereby the sleeve shrinks and conforms substantially around the profile of the pipeline element and at least a portion of the leak detection device.

Abstract: A leak detection and recovery system for use with DRA equipment. The system is intended to reduce the risk of a chemical release into the environment, namely the soil, ground water, and waterways. The system may provide clean collection of leaked DRA, early detection of DRA leaks, immediate notification of DRA leaks, and re-use of leaked DRA through clean recovery with no hazardous waste disposal.

Abstract: A tube of elastomeric material for an air conditioning system or for other system which is on-board of a motor-vehicle is intended to be fitted over a metal connecting element and to be locked onto the latter by means of a crimping operation that envisages the clamping around the tube of a metal clamping element. The tube includes at least one body made of polymeric elastomeric material supplemented with carbon-based nanofillers wherein an outer surface with one or more piezo-resistive areas is provided, where the polymeric material supplemented with carbon-based nanofillers has been made locally piezo-resistive by means of laser irradiation. The piezo-resistive areas arranged on the body of polymeric elastomeric material of the tube can be used for verifying the correct execution of the crimping operation.

Abstract: A flange to be assembled to an end portion of a duct member includes a plurality of pre-fabricated fastener entry areas disposed in an inner wall member, and a plurality of first fastener indicators disposed on an outer wall member, wherein the pre-fabricated fastener entry areas are substantially aligned with the first fastener indicators, each of the plurality of first fastener indicators being sized to guide and each corresponding fastener entry areas being sized to receive a self-tapping screw fastener there through to fasten the wall members to the end portion of the duct member. The fastener entry areas and correspondingly aligned fastener indicators, respectively, may be spaced apart such that the fasteners can be inserted at regular intervals along the length of the flange and the length of the end of the duct member.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas tank comprises: a step (a) of preparing a liner having a hollow cylindrical shape; a step (b) of forming a first layer by winding a first fiber bundle impregnated with resin around the liner; a step (c) of forming a second layer by winding a second fiber bundle impregnated with resin around the liner with the wound first fiber bundle in such a manner that portions of the second fiber bundle overlap each other in a direction parallel to a center axis of the liner; a step (d) of causing a section where the portions of the second fiber bundle overlap each other to get into the first layer; and a step (e) of curing the resin.

Abstract: An fluid connector apparatus having an exhalation insert that provides an improved exhalation feature whereby exhaled breathing gas flows out of the fluid connector apparatus in the form of elongated blades of gas. The elongated blades of gas enable improved fluid flow when compared with conventional circular jets of gas and advantageously also entrain atmospheric gases adjacent the gas blades to facilitate diffusion and dissipation of the gas blades. The fluid connector apparatus includes one or more elongated flow channels formed between the exhalation insert and the fluid connector. The exhaust gas flows through the flow channels, and the flow channels cause the discharged gas to be output in the form of the elongated blades of gas. The exhalation feature enables the outputting of exhaled breathing gas in greater volumes, at reduced velocities, and with reduced acoustic signature.

Abstract: Wellbore servicing fluids including a shape memory material and methods of use are provided. A method may include: providing a wellbore servicing fluid including: a base fluid; and a shape memory material; deforming the shape memory material to have a temporary shape; introducing the wellbore servicing fluid into a wellbore; and activating the shape memory material such that the shape memory material changes from the temporary shape to an initial shape.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to leak detection and notification from fluid conduit systems, apparatus and methods. In one aspect, embodiments relate to leak detection of water supply, sewage system, and plumbing. In another aspect, embodiments of the invention comprise an apparatus related to piping and plumbing encapsulation for detecting leaks. In another aspect, certain embodiments further comprise an apparatus that conform to piping and plumbing features, for example, valves and connectors, for detecting leaks that may be included as part of original installations or added in retrofit applications. In other embodiments, leak detection and notification systems may be included as part of the manufacture of fixtures by a manufacturer.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display, a signal processing device spaced apart from the display to transmit power and a video signal to the display, a plurality of cables configured to transmit power and the video signal from the signal processing device, and an optical sheet attached to the cables. The optical sheet includes a Fresnel pattern formed on the plurality of cables and transparent partition walls formed between the plurality of cables. The Fresnel pattern includes a plurality of peaks and valleys and differences in depth between the peaks and the valleys are decreased from the cables to the transparent partition walls. Therefore, the cables provided between the display and the signal processing device appear transparent.

Abstract: A front lip of a turbofan engine nacelle is provided, defined at the rear by a partition wall, the lip comprising an annular de-icing space including a tube for supplying hot air in order to de-ice the outer walls thereof, said lip also including acoustic panels arranged on the wall thereof substantially radially facing the axis of the nacelle. The front lip includes hot-air outlet bores/piercings which are arranged between the front end of the lip and said acoustic panels, which allow a flow of hot air, from said annular space, forming a substantially regular film which covers said acoustic panels with a boundary layer in order to heat said acoustic panels.

Abstract: A connection comprising a first duct, a second duct, a flexible tube which comprises a first end configured to cover part of the first duct, and a second end configured to cover part of the second duct, a first clamping system configured to clamp the first end of the flexible tube around the first duct, and a second clamping system configured to clamp the second end of the flexible tube around the second duct.

Abstract: A pipe liner has an elongate duct of thin laminated thermoplastic layers and remains relatively flexible and folded to a flat form. In this form, opposing sides of the duct are pressed into close proximity aided by folding of the duct, so the liner can be stored efficiently. In use, the liner is inserted into a pipe. The liner is subsequently heated and pressed against the inner surface of the pipe to form a close fit. Once the liner cools, it sets in place providing a close fitting pipe lining. In order to ensure adequate and even heating of the pipe liner during installation, heating is provided within the liner. The heating may comprise: a plurality of conductive filaments; electromagnetic susceptor material; or a plurality of magnetic particles.