Abstract: An energy attenuation device for a fluid-conveying line, and a method for attenuating energy in such a line, are provided. The device includes one or more hose sections disposed in the fluid-conveying line, and at least one spring disposed in at least a portion of each of the hose sections.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a hose or tubular casing having an inlet opening for receiving liquid from the system, and an outlet opening for returning the liquid to the system. An inlet conduit extends concentrically into the hose or tubular casing through the inlet opening thereof, with an annular space being formed between the inlet conduit and the tubular casing. At least one aperture for introducing liquid into the annular space from the inlet conduit is provided on a portion thereof that is disposed in the tubular casing.

Abstract: A pressure holder, filled with a medium and having a gas mass that pressurizes the holder, especially for volume compensation in a vibration damper. The gas mass including a deformable enveloping body with a wall in which a pressurized gas is enclosed. The wall of the enveloping body is multi-layered, with at least one layer being a metal foil.

Abstract: The invention relates to a directly hydraulically damping broadband damper designed as a sequence of Helmholtz resonators with elastomer/gas springs to damp pressure pulses in pressurized liquids and in the audible range frequencies, in particular in hydraulic servo systems.

Abstract: A bellows structure for use in high velocity, linear motion applications and which incorporates self-damping is disclosed. The bellows structure utilizes a plurality of thicker convolutions at each end of a regular bellows section to join the bellows section to its terminations. The thicker convolutions are distributed asymmetrically with the greater number of thicker convolutions being placed adjacent the stationary end of the bellows. The bellows structure increases the energy absorption capabilities of the stationary end of the bellows, and causes the intersecting, energy-absorbing waves traveling through the bellows section to intersect more frequently resulting in their internal cancellation.

Abstract: A water hammer arrester constructed with a cylindrical housing having a closed upper end and an internal pressure chamber. A piston slidably installed within the housing to receive a reaction force medium such as gaseous nitrogen, provides a space that communicates with an integral pressure chamber within the closed upper end of the housing. A threaded connector bearing a nipple circumscribed with a plurality of circumferential grooves is crimped into the neck of the lower end of the housing.

Abstract: A diaphragm comprising a resin layer for gas shielding, a rubber layer adapted to be adjacent to a gas chamber of an accumulator, and a rubber layer adapted to be adjacent to an oil chamber of an accumulator, the rubber layers formed on opposite sides of the resin layer. The rubber layer adapted to be adjacent to the gas chamber is formed of a mixture of butyl rubber and ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer. Also provided is an accumulator including the above diaphragm.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing.

Abstract: A pump inlet stabilizer for positive displacement reciprocating pumps, which reduces pressure fluctuations at the pump inlet and aids in filling the pump head with fluid during each inlet stroke. The pump inlet stabilizer comprises an accumulator housing with a bladder which creates a gas chamber which is fludically isolated from a fluid chamber within the housing, and a control unit. The control unit consists of a compound pressure gauge to measure positive and negative pressure levels in the gas chamber, a ball valve with an open and closed position for opening or closing an inlet into the gas chamber and a venturi pneumatically coupled to a compressed air source. The control unit is able to use the compressed air source, typically shop air, either to reduce the pressure in the gas chamber or increase the pressure in the gas chamber, depending upon whether the outlet of the venturi is blocked or unblocked.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing.

Abstract: A dual containment hydraulic system includes an inner hose for transmitting and containing pressurized fluids and an outer hose completely encasing the inner hose. The inner and outer hoses are capped and sealed together at each end and secured in place by a locking device, thereby creating a bladder between the outer surface of the inner hose and the inner surface of the outer hose, to contain any fluids leaking from the inner hose should a break occur. The locking device may be sandwiched between two floating bolts and the outermost set of floating bolts may be reverse threaded. The density of the wall of the outer hose and the volume of the bladder of the dual containment hydraulic system may be varied so as to (i) maintain equalized pressure of any contained fluid leaking from the inner hose after a break in the inner hose or (ii) allow for controlled reduction in both volume and pressure of the contained fluid.

Abstract: To improve the rigidity of diaphragms, a plurality of diaphragms of the same thickness and size are placed one upon another, the total thickness of the diaphragms is a value obtained by multiplying the thickness of the diaphragm by the number of diaphragms, and the peripheral portions of the diaphragms are sealed and supported by a high-pressure container.

Abstract: A heat insulated hose includes a cylindrical member. This cylindrical member is formed by helically winding a laminated tape having a base layer of a foamed resin, a permeable coat film laminated on an inner surface of the base layer, and an air-tight coat film laminated on an outer surface of the base layer, with adjacent side edges thereof abutted against each other. A resin reinforcing member is helically wound on an outer peripheral surface or inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member in a manner striding over the adjacent side edges of the laminated tape. The respective side edges of the laminated tape is thermally fused with the resin reinforcing member, thereby integrally joining between the adjacent side edges.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronically controllable vehicle braking system for a motor vehicle with a cylinder/piston arrangement providing a brake fluid, which, by actuating a brake pedal, is caused to provide brake fluid acting on the brake of the motor vehicle, with the cylinder/piston arrangement being connectable with a pump arrangement and a pressure accumulator. The pressure accumulator has a housing which comprises a fluid connection for a fluid flowing into and out of the housing as well as a spring arrangement against whose force brake fluid flowing through the fluid connection is acting, with at least one part of the spring arrangement being formed by at least one part of the housing wall.

Abstract: Accumulators/compensators for pressurized fluent material systems are provided, in which a continuous substantially non-permeable, flexible membrane (like a bellows) surrounds or is surrounded by a non-gaseous support medium, all within a surrounding housing. Various combinations of support media, which may include internal gas-filled cavities, are described and illustrated.

Abstract: An accumulator for use in a reverse osmosis (RO) system of the type in which the RO reject water is routed through a backflow prevention device, and then through a conduit section to a drainage conduit for eventual emptying into a sewer system. The accumulator is mounted around the conduit section to define a water collection chamber. Any backflowing water form the drainage conduit that flows into the conduit section is allowed to pass from the conduit section into the water collection chamber, and to drain out of the water collection chamber into the conduit section when there is an absence of backflowing water.

Abstract: A cylinder injection high-pressure fuel pump permits reduction in size and cost thereof and it is also capable of securely absorbing high-frequency pulsations. The cylinder injection high-pressure fuel pump (200) has: a casing (1) in which an inlet passage (2) for taking fuel in and a discharge passage (35) for discharging the fuel are formed; a cylinder (30) formed in the casing (1); a fuel pressurizing chamber (32) formed in a part of the cylinder (30); and a plunger (31) disposed in the cylinder (30) such that it may reciprocate therein. As the plunger (31) reciprocates, the fuel is taken into the fuel pressurizing chamber (32) through the inlet passage (2) and pressurized therein, then the pressurized fuel is discharged through the discharge passage (35) and forcibly fed into a fuel injector of a cylinder injection type engine.

Abstract: Hydropneumatic accumulator of the type comprising a sphere having an internal cavity subdivided into two chambers, one chamber containing a gas and the other a liquid. The subdivision is accomplished by an elastic impermeable membrane for the gas and liquid, the membrane being formed and comprising a copolymeric impermeable film including OH groups, and being impermeable to gas, two layers between which the film is incorporated and including an elastic material of a copolymer having blocks of polyamides and blocks of polyethers and a rubber coating of elastic material positioned on at least one of the layers.

Abstract: A shell is constructed by an outer shell and an end plate. The end plate has a port into a liquid champer and a gas champer. A bladder divides an internal space of the shell into a liquid champer and a gas champer. A gas is introduced into the gas chamber without the provision of a gas inlet hole in the outer shell located on the side of the gas champer. For example, an accumulator is assembled by combining the outer shell, the end plate and bladder under atmosphere of a high pressure gas.

Abstract: A surge absorber assembly comprises a metal case provided with a recess, a metal diaphragm attached to the perimeter of the case to form a back pressure chamber in the recess being charged with high-pressure gas, and a metal plate attached so as to hold the diaphragm against the perimeter of the case to form a damper chamber facing the diaphragm, the case, the diaphragm, and the plate being joined by a weld formed by fusing the respective perimeters thereof, and a groove being formed in at least one of the case and the plate alongside the weld.

Abstract: A cylinder injection high-pressure fuel pump prevents the pulsations of fuel generated by a high-pressure fuel pump from spreading to a low-pressure pipe connected to a low pressure end. The cylinder injection high-pressure fuel pump has: a casing (1) in which an inlet passage (2) for taking fuel in and a discharge passage (35) for draining the fuel are formed; a cylinder (30) formed in the casing (1); a fuel pressurizing chamber (32) formed in a part of the cylinder (30); and a plunger (31) disposed in the cylinder (30) such that is may reciprocate therein. As the plunger (31) reciprocates, the fuel is taken into the fuel pressurizing chamber (32) through the inlet passage (2)and pressurized therein, then the pressurized fuel is discharged through the discharge passage (35) and forcibly fed into a fuel injector of a cylinder injection type engine. The inlet passage (2) is equipped with a check valve (70).

Abstract: Expansion tank (10) for receiving volume changes caused by temperature fluctuations in service and heating water systems (28, 29), comprising a tank (11, 11a) divided by a diaphragm (16, 22) into a pressurized gas compartment (19, 24) and a water compartment (18, 23). Water compartment (18, 23) communicates through ports (14, 27) with a water system (28, 29). Service water compartment (18) and heating water compartment (23) are integrated in a common tank (11, 11a).

Abstract: The specification describes several uses for pressure sensitive valves during extracorporeal pumping in one embodiment, an improved pumping loop for a roller pump is used in an extracorporeal circuit with a pressure relief valve and pump tubing. The inlet and outlet of the tubing are connected respectively to the outlet and inlet of said valve via two 3 way connections, across the outlet of the pump. The pumping loop allows recirculation of pumped liquid between the inlet and outlet of the pump when the outlet pressure generated by said pump exceeds a set value thereby limiting the pump outlet pressure to the set pressure. The pressure relief valve can also be placed at the inlet if the pump to protect the circuit from excess negative pressure that the pump can generate. The pressure relief valve in combination with the pump loop provides an accurate means to dynamically set the occlusion of the tubing within the roller pump.

Abstract: A fuel system damper for damping fuel pressure pulsations in a fuel rail includes a solid, flexible diaphragm which separates an upper chamber from a lower chamber. The upper chamber is sealed and contains a spring which is biased against the diaphragm. The lower chamber has an outlet to permit fuel to communicate with the diaphragm. The upper flange of the lower chamber extends inward at an angle to form a radial shoulder, and the diaphragm rests against and is supported by the shoulder. An attachment clip is fixedly attached between the upper and lower chambers and is positioned to securely engage the damper to a fuel injector cup.

Abstract: A pulsation noise damper has an axially symmetrical housing (4) forming a chamber (3) in which pressurized hydraulic fluid flowing in an elevator system hydraulic line can expand. For the collection of contaminates in the hydraulic fluid a filter (6) is arranged at one of a pair of input/output openings (5) formed the housing (4). A pair of compression elements (7), each in the shape of an elastic bellows, are positioned in end openings (4a) formed in the housing (4) and the stiffness of each is selectively adjusted by a movable pressure plate (8) coupled to a fastening element (9). In this way the pulsation noise damper can be adapted to various levels of pulsation energy. The compression elements (7) are retained by end caps (1) attached to the housing by fasteners (2) and the fastening elements (9) extend through the end caps and are fixed by nuts (10).

Abstract: A diaphragm stopper construction for a high-pressure accumulator is provided which prevents excessive concentrations of stress in a diaphragm.The curve of the contact surface of a stopper includes a first curve for the perimeter portion of a diaphragm 86 which is determined on the basis of a first equation expressing deflection when a disk secured around its circumference is subjected to a uniformly distributed load; and a second curve for the central portion which is determined on the basis of a second equation expressing large deflection when a disk secured around its circumference is subjected to a uniformly distributed load.

Abstract: A high-pressure accumulator is provided which protects a diaphragm from abnormal displacement. A high-pressure vessel 101 is provided with support portions 107, 108 having contact portions facing the vicinity of the central portion of a diaphragm 106. The support portions are annular and have the same center as that of the high-pressure chamber. The support portions may also have a plurality of holes. The support portions have curved surfaces 107a, 108a which make contact with the diaphragm uniformly when the diaphragm is displaced. In addition, the support portions may be either integrated with or separated from a case 101. A seal portion is disposed on the cylindrical outer wall 109a of a plate 109 disposed in a position on the opposite side of the diaphragm 106 from the case 101.

Abstract: A lightweight, low permeability liner for graphite epoxy composite compressed gas storage vessels. The liner is composed of polymers that may or may not be coated with a thin layer of a low permeability material, such as silver, gold, or aluminum, deposited on a thin polymeric layer or substrate which is formed into a closed bladder using torispherical or near torispherical end caps, with or without bosses therein, about which a high strength to weight material, such as graphite epoxy composite shell, is formed to withstand the storage pressure forces. The polymeric substrate may be laminated on one or both sides with additional layers of polymeric film. The liner may be formed to a desired configuration using a dissolvable mandrel or by inflation techniques and the edges of the film seamed by heat sealing.

Abstract: A gas charged high pressure accumulator includes a hollow housing and a composite flexible diaphragm dividing the interior volume into two leak tight chambers, one of these chambers being adapted to receive hydraulic fluid under pressure and the other chamber containing compressed nitrogen gas. The composite diaphragm is made of only two layers including a first elastic rubber layer facing the fluid chamber and a thin metal layer vapor deposited on the side of the rubber layer facing the gas chamber. The metal deposited film forms a gas impermeable barrier to prevent leakage of the charged gas through the diaphragm into the hydraulic fluid chamber. The surface of the metal film is formed with adjacent scales or plates to enhance the flexibility of the diaphragm, while a continuous metal film is attached underneath to the rubber substrate.

Abstract: The vibration damper has a sleevelike shaped part comprising an elastomer as a diaphragm. The shaped part is received tightly on the opening end of a bore of a housing and surrounds an extension of a support body disposed in the bore. Provided on a side face of the extension is a groove, which communicates with a chamber in the extension. The shaped part, which on its outside is exposed to the brake fluid, with the inside of its jacket wall defines a hollow chamber, formed toward the extension of the support body and having atmospheric pressure. The vibration damper can be used in a slip-controlled hydraulic brake systems of motor vehicles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pressure accumulator which comprises a housing for accommodating fluid, a fluid connection for a fluid flowing into and out of the housing, as well as a spring arrangement against whose force a fluid flowing through the fluid connection is acting, characterised in that at least one part of the spring arrangement is formed by at least one part of the wall of the housing.

Abstract: An improved structure of a pressure regulator including a body and an adjusting device. The adjusting device includes a retractable bent in shape from a metal material and provided on an upper side of the body. The secondary pressure in the interior of an enclosed space defined between the retractable tube and upper and lower plates is utilized to act in a stable and uniform manner on the upper plate to thereby change the length of the retractable tube and bring a valve plug to elevate so as to control high pressure gas flowing from a primary pressure chamber to a secondary pressure chamber. By means of the elasticity of the retractable tube that coordinates with the pressure of the gas, the output of secondary pressure can be stable and precise without being affected by the pressure different caused by change in the internal pressure of the container (steel cylinder), thus having the advantages of extended service life and enhanced safety.

Abstract: A sphere, in particular a pneumatic sphere, which comprises a rigid jacket (11) having an upper portion (11a, 21a) and a lower portion (11b) and a pliable, deformable membrane (2) arranged inside this jacket in such a way as to delimit an upper chamber (3) and a lower chamber (4), the membrane being attached in the area of junction (11c) between the upper and lower portions and being movable between an extreme lowered position and an extreme raised position. The jacket has a flattened overall shape and, in the extreme raised position, the membrane substantially coincides with the inner surface of the upper portion (11a, 21a) of the jacket.

Abstract: A pulsation damper for hydraulic circuits has a housing including a bottom, a casing, and a cover, a damper chamber which is sealed from outside and provided with supply and discharge means for a pressure medium, the housing being composed of two parts so that the bottom and the cover are connected with one another to form a single central element, while the casing peripherally surrounds the central element, the central element, and means forming force-free connecting points between the central element and the cover.

Abstract: The invention relates to a connection fitting for connecting a pressure expansion vessel to a conduit system, in which a water flow flows, a diaphragm dividing said vessel into a cavity filled with water and a pressurized gas chamber filled with pressurized gas. The fitting comprises a suction device, in which a suction is generated by the water flow and a water exchange flow is generated by means of this suction along a flow path extending parallel to the water flow and through the cavity. A plug valve is arranged to shut off the parallel flow path. The valve plug is directly arranged between a first formed body forming the suction device and located adjacent to the water flow and a second formed body likewise located in the connecting socket on the side of the pressure expansion vessel. The formed bodies and the valve plug have coaxial passages, which are aligned with each other and form forward-flow path and return-flow path of a flow path parallel to the water flow.

Abstract: An energy attenuation apparatus for a system conveying liquid under pressure, and a method for attenuating energy in such a system, are provided. The apparatus includes a housing containing at least one chamber, wherein an inlet conduit extends into the at least one chamber, a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for introducing liquid therefrom into the at least one chamber of the housing, and wherein an outlet conduit extends out of the at least one chamber, with a portion thereof being disposed in the housing and having at least one aperture for receiving liquid from the at least one chamber of the housing. The ratio of the diameter of the housing to the diameter of the inlet or outlet conduit is at least 2:1.

Abstract: An energy storage device particularly suitable for use in hybrid fluid power systems and fluid systems utilizing accumulators. A piston accumulator has a primary face on one end of the piston and a series of secondary faces on the opposite end of the piston. Each face has an associated chamber, and one or more of the chambers of the secondary faces may be selectively connected to a system pressure line. Since the pressure of the system pressure line depends on (and varies with) the number of chambers connected thereto, the potential energy of the chamber of the primary face may be delivered to the system pressure line at a variety of output pressures. Similarly, the chamber of the primary face may be recharged with energy at a variety of input pressures.

Abstract: There is provided a pressure accumulator system comprising a plurality of small-sized gas bombs connected. This dispenses with any large-sized gas bomb that is hard to handle. The pressure accumulator system comprises a plurality of gas bombs each having an ejection port sealed by a membrane member, a membrane-breaking mechanism mounted in the ejection port of each of the gas bombs and operated in accordance with a given electrical signal to force the membrane member of the gas bomb to break, a sequencer for sending an electrical control signal to the membrane-breaking mechanisms to activate them, and a pressure sensor mounted in a conduit communicating the gas bombs and an actuator for producing an output signal to the sequencer. The sequencer is operated according to the output signals from the pressure sensor and, when the pressure inside any one of the gas bombs becomes lower than a present pressure.

Abstract: An expansible bellows, includes a pair of end plates attached together and sealed around their peripheries such that their inner faces confront each other to define between them an expansible chamber for containing a fluid. One end plate is formed with an inlet port to the chamber; and the other end plate is formed with an outlet port from the chamber. The inner and outer faces of both end plates are formed with recesses which permit the center portions of the end plates to flex outwardly, and thereby to expand the chamber, when pressurized fluid is inletted into the chamber via the inlet port and blocked from flowing out of the chamber through the outlet port.Also described is a pulsator including such a bellows serving as the expansible chamber of the pulsator.

Abstract: A fluid supply conduit for attenuating pressure pulses in a fluid. At least one inner tube is disposed in an outer tube and forms an annular chamber therewith. The inner tube is connected to a fitting that is fitted in a sealed manner to the outer tube. The closing element closes off an end of the inner tube, which has at least one intermediate hole at predetermined distances from respective reflecting surfaces defined by the fitting and by the closing element.

Abstract: To effectively prevent a hydraulically operated change-over valve for a hydraulic brake system from fluttering, according to the present invention, an air cushion which attenuates pressure pulsations is incorporated in the inlet chamber of the valve. This air cushion is provided in a simple manner by a preassembled unit comprising a metal bowl, a diaphragm, and a metal annular disc which is calked at its periphery with the edge of the metal bowl so that the diaphragm is clamped in a sealed manner.

Abstract: The preferred embodiment of the invention is a fluid pressure alleviating pneumatic or hydraulic system component. The invention is comprised of a diaphragm, carrier and a release mechanism. The diaphragm is attached to the carrier. The release mechanism bears against the diaphragm and positions it such that fluid pressure on the surface of the diaphragm produces only or primarily shear force at the connection between the carrier and the diaphragm. The connection and parts have sufficient strength so that the fluid pressure can not shear the diaphragm from the carrier. When the fluid pressure becomes excessive the release mechanism, under force, retreats and allows the pressure of the fluid medium to translate the diaphragm into a position relative to the carrier that will invoke peel force between the carrier and the diaphragm.

Abstract: An attenuator for a hydraulic control unit of a vehicular braking system includes a hollow cylinder mounted in a bore of a housing. An end cap closes an outer end of the cylinder and does not extend beyond an outer wall of the housing. The cylinder and end cap define an interior chamber having an inner diameter tapered toward the end cap. An orifice is formed in the cylinder to permit fluid to exit the tapered interior chamber. An elastic core piece is fitted into the tapered interior chamber and substantially fills the volume of the chamber. An annular clearance is provided between the core piece and the cylinder. An inlet passage formed in the housing delivers fluid to the chamber. Fluid passes about the core piece to the orifice to reach the an outlet passage formed in the housing. Clearance between the core piece and the cylinder provides a streamlined path for fluid traveling from the inlet passage to the outlet passage, thereby decreasing fluid turbulence and aeration found in prior art attenuators.

Abstract: A pulsation dampening device designed for horizontal orientation with an internal geometry and a fluid inlet and outlet geometry which minimizes the potential for a preferred flow path thereby allowing for efficient purging of bubbles therefrom. The device includes a generally cylindrical housing containing at least one air chamber. An end cap is attached to the generally cylindrical housing with a diaphragm residing between the end cap and the generally cylindrical housing. The diaphragm normally resides in a generally vertical plane. There is a fluid chamber defined by the diaphragm and the internal surface of the end cap. A horizontally oriented fluid inlet port in the end cap is positioned proximate a bottom peripheral portion of the end cap with the fluid inlet port directed generally perpendicularly to the diaphragm. A fluid outlet port in the end cap is positioned proximate a top peripheral portion of the end cap, the fluid outlet port directed an angle .alpha. relative the diaphragm, the angle .alpha.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper is disclosed for reducing undesirable pressure differentials in a hydraulic system. The damper comprises a body assembly, including first and second inlet ports for connecting the damper to a hydraulic system. A pair of lap assemblies are provided for equalizing pressure differentials between the inlet ports. Each lap assembly is in fluid communication with each of said inlet ports. A metered passageway is provided for fluidly connecting each of said inlet ports. A slide is movably received within the lap assembly to permit reciprocal motion. The slide alternately blocks and unblocks the metered passageway in response to a predetermined pressure across one of the respective inlet ports, in order to equalize the pressure differential between the ports.

Abstract: A damper device has a sealed damper chamber defined by a flexible diaphragm and an upper cap. The damper chamber is filled with a pressurizing agent that creates a pressurized condition in the damper chamber by a phase transformation to the gaseous state from a solid or liquid state. To form the pressurized damper, the pressurizing agent is placed in the upper cap of the damper chamber in a solid or liquid state. The diaphragm is then positioned across the opening of the upper case and sealed in position, as for example by crimping the edges of the diaphragm between the upper cup and the lower base of the damper. As the solid or liquid pressurizing agent transforms to a gas, the pressure in the damper chamber increases to a predetermined level.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved pipeline pulsation dampener, including a pressure vessel divided by a diaphragm of elastomeric material into first and second pressure zones. The first pressure zone is connected to a pipeline and receives any undesired pressure changes in the pipeline through a first flow passage in the pressure vessel, while the second pressure zone receives a second fluid at a preselected pressure. The diaphragm has a reinforcing insert for bridging the first flow passage to support the diaphragm when the pressure of the second fluid in the second pressure zone exceeds the pressure of the first fluid in the first pressure zone to restrain the diaphragm from extruding through the first flow passage. The reinforcing insert is encased in the elastomeric material of the diaphragm to prevent the insert and the bond between the elastomeric material and the insert from being exposed to the fluid being pumped.

Abstract: An improved gradient proportioning valve compensates for hydraulic inertia in a compact, reliably sealed valve assembly that is less susceptible to unswept volumes and gas permeation. A flat diaphragm is located within an accumulator volume integral to a valve manifold block. The compliance and damping of the diaphragm are optimized for the application's flow characteristics. Sealing of the diaphragm is provided by a sealing plug installed in the manifold block. The diaphragm has only one sealing joint. The sealing plug configuration allows for a more reliable clamping and sealing of the diaphragm which reduces and substantially eliminates the potential for leaks. Potential for unswept volumes is substantially eliminated by including the accumulator volume as a unitary part of the valve manifold. Air permeation into the fluid stream is substantially reduced by a reduction in surface area and exposed liquid volume in the accumulator, effected by including the accumulator volume as part of the valve manifold.

Abstract: A pulsation dampener or desurger for use in sterile or other high-temperature applications such as food- or pharmaceutical-processing plants has an outer case surrounding a concentric perforated mandrel. Flanges or other connectors provide for attachment to a piping system so that product flows through the mandrel. Enclosing the mandrel is a liner of polytetrafluoroethylene or other fluoropolymer; the liner in turn is enclosed by a resilient sheath which may be integral with the liner. Between the liner and the mandrel is a pressure chamber which fluctuates in volume responsive to surges in line pressure, dampening the amplitude of the surges. Expansion of liner and sheath is limited by pressure within a gas chamber in the region between sheath and case.

Abstract: An I-type counterflow absorber for directly connecting with a piping system to absorb the impact force and noise resulting from water hammering in the piping system. It includes an outer tube, an inner tube, a valve member and a buffer mechanism. The inner tube forms a water passage with the piping system. The valve member is moveable and covers one end of the inner tube. The buffer mechanism is located between the inner tube and the outer tube, and has a damping chamber and an air chamber for absorbing the impact force and noise resulting from water hammering in the piping system. It can effectively protect the pumping device and piping end from water hammering damage.