Abstract: An improved papermakers' fabric comprising warp and filling yarns woven in a preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern modified such that the warp yarn of that pattern alternate with warp woven in accordance with the reverse of that pattern.

Abstract: A papermakers fabric having surface floats on both the paper surface and the non-paper contacting surface for improved sheet contact area and improved abrasion resistance. The fabric also includes a plurality of stuffer pick receiving sheds defined by warp yarns of non-circular cross section used to weave the fabric. In a preferred embodiment, the warp yarns are of generally rectangular cross section with rounded corners. Each of these sheds may receive a stuffer pick, the construction of which will be determined by the permeability required in the finished fabric, while the warp and weft yarns used to define the fabric remain unchanged. The warp ends of the fabric terminate in a pin seam made up of a number of enlarged seam loops which are created when a select number of the warp yarns of non-circular cross section are symmetrically rewoven into the fabric.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the problem which occurs when papermakers' fabrics are woven in a pattern in which the various warp of the pattern require different warp yarn lengths, i.e. unequal sew-up. The invention solves the problem by providing a monoplanar papermakers' fabric formed of warp and weft yarns interwoven in a repeating sequence of first and second adjacent patterns which alternate along the warp. The warp of the second weave pattern have a sequence of numbers of interlacings which is the reverse of the sequence for the first weave pattern so that the total number of interlacings in the combined first and second weave patterns is equal for all warp yarns.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a dryer felt and dryer felt fabric for use in a paper making machine. The fabric is characterized in part by an increased paper contacting surface in the center of the belt. The fabric has an enhanced operating life as a dryer felt since the machine direction yarns are protected at the edges from direct contact with the hot dryer cans on the sheet side and in its entirety from typically abrasive carrying rolls on the back side. The improved drying efficiency in the center of the belt compensates for the prior art decreased drying efficiency at the center of the paper web being dried. This gives a uniform moisture content across the width of the drying paper web.

Abstract: A papermakers' fabric, having a repeating pattern of floats on its paper support surface is provided with surface floater yarns interspaced between adjacent yarns to improve sheet support characteristics of the fabric. The floater yarns are characterized by lack of interlacing with yarns transverse thereto. The floater yarns are "trapped" beneath the surface floats and are of a diameter generally less than the diameter of the adjacent yarns.

Abstract: A dryer felt or fabric with a reduced potential for creating static electricity when running on a papermaking machine. The fabric is woven from a number of machine direction and cross-machine direction yarns with selected machine direction and/or cross-machine direction yarns comprising a blend of anti-static yarn combined with other yarns. The anti-static yarn may take the form of a staple, continuous filament or monofilament and may be a carbon content acrylic anti-static fiber, a silver coated nylon continuous filament, a nylon monofilament coated with carbon, or an acrylic fiber carbon coated. After being woven, the fabric is typically resin treated with a heat-resistant resin.

Abstract: A double layer forming fabric for use in a paper-making machine has a warp ratio of at least six strands and a shute ratio of at least twelve strands. The warp strands bind with the lower layer at locations distributed according to a satin weave pattern whose ratio is equal to the warp ratio; the warp strands bind with the upper layer at locations distributed according to a pattern whose aggregated ratio is equal to the warp ratio and which is constituted by the association of several weave patterns each having a warp ratio lower to 6 strands. There are at least two shute strands of the upper layer between two successive points where a warp strand comes down from the paper contacting face across the upper layer and then comes up again, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a screen, which consists of one layer of longitudinal threads and one layer of transversal threads and which has a theoretical free area larger than 0%. The longitudinal threads (1) are drawn down in the fabric so that, in the drawn-down points, pockets, or cavities, (3) are formed between the bent-down points. Hereby the fabric or screen has a high draining capacity in combination with good retention properties.

Abstract: A single ply forming fabric for use on a twin wire paper making machine wherein a flat jet stream of pulp is injected between an inner, conveying fabric and an outer, backing fabric converging towards each other for applying opposed pressure to the pulp for removing water therefrom to form a sheet of pulp. The single ply forming fabric of the present invention constitutes the outer, backing fabric and is interwoven with a plurality of monofilament polymeric warp strands with approximately 100% warp fill and monofilament polymeric weft strands extending in the cross-machine direction and disposed in vertically aligned groups of at least three to obtain greater stiffness in the cross-machine direction whereby to substantially redistribute pulp widthwise of the sheet when supported on the conveying fabric.

Abstract: A papermaking fabric is woven from synthetic warp and weft threads in an eight harness weave pattern, and is characterized by having long knuckles of at least six crossovers in length in at least one thread system with a minimal number of interlacings of the threads in the fabric. In one embodiment, the long knuckles of each weave repeat of one thread system are six crossovers in length on one side of the fabric and the short knuckles of the system are two crossovers in length on the other side of the fabric. In a second embodiment, the long knuckles of each weave repeat of each thread system are seven crossovers in length and the short knuckles are one crossover in length.

Abstract: A papermaking fabric of the multilayer type having threads of a multiple layer thread system extending in one fabric direction and threads of a single layer thread system extending in the other fabric direction which are interwoven with the threads of each of the multiple layers. The threads of the single layer thread system are spaced apart from one another, and threads of the several layers are tiered above one another with spacing between tiers, so that the fabric has a significant projected open area that allows spray water to penetrate the fabric. The fabric may also have an increased void volume in its interior and binding points between thread systems that are well spaced from one another to enhance the papermaking qualities of the fabric.

Abstract: An improved papermaker's fabric comprising warp and filling yarns woven in a preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern modified such that every other warp yarn occupies a position with respect to the filling yarns opposite to that which it would normally occupy according to the above mentioned preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern.

Abstract: A low permeability dryer fabric woven from monofilament plastic polymeric warp strands and weft strands in which at least some of the weft strands exhibit preferential softening under the influence of heat, said strands adapting to conform to mesh interstices and thereby restrict the passage of air through the fabric.

Abstract: A double layer endless woven forming fabric having a sheet surface fabric structure comprising relatively fine warp and filling yarns exhibiting substantially uniform crimp in both directions, and a relatively coarse wear side fabric structure having woven warp and filling yarns exhibiting crimp predominately in the warp yarns, the layers being joined by interlacing the warp yarns of the wear surface fabric structure with the filling yarns of the sheet surface fabric structure.

Abstract: An endless forming fabric for paper-making machine comprise at least two layers of transverse threads and one layer of longitudinal threads. The upper loops formed by the longitudinal threads cover from 3 to 7 transverse threads of the upper layer. The leading crossing points of these upper loops with the transverse threads are distributed in a weave pattern using at least five longitudinal threads. The weave pattern on the paper side of the fabric is selected so as to avoid alignment of the upper loops of adjacent threads and diagonal effects. The lower loops formed by the longitudinal threads, on the machine side of the fabric, pass each time only underneath a single transverse thread of the lower layer. The outer loops are so located that there is no gap in the longitudinal direction between each individual said outer loop of each said longitudinal thread and outer loops of the adjacent longitudinal threads.

Abstract: A paper forming fabric having two layers of synthetic weft strands with interwoven synthetic warp strands and approximately 100% warp fill. The upper layer of the fabric comprises a regular array of mesh openings in which the distance between consecutive openings measured in the weft direction is never greater than the thickness of a single warp strand and measured in the warp direction is never greater than the thickness of a single weft strand.

Abstract: A fabric for reinforcing elastomeric or other plastic materials comprising a steel cord warp and a steel weft wherein the warp cords are substantially sinusoidal and have an elongation of about 1-2% at 10% of the breaking load of the fabric and the weft elements are substantially straight.

Abstract: An endless pressing-on and guiding belt including a belt piece having its end faces joined together, for textile treating devices, especially transfer printing machines and steaming calenders, with a rotary drum having a longitudinal section of the endless belt partially looped therearound while textile material to be treated is interposed between the drum and the belt, the latter being heated on the drum. The endless belt includes a fabric with a bronze-solid wire warp and a weft of a metallic nickel-alloy solid wire with the bronze solid wire warp extending in the longitudinal direction of the belt.

Abstract: A two-face, single-layer forming fabric, having a plurality of dominating floats on each face. The fabric, in general, comprises a plurality of cross-machine direction yarns and a plurality of machine direction yarns interwoven in accordance with a desired weave pattern to define a first substantially planar surface or face on one side of the fabric, and a second substantially planar surface or face on the other side of the fabric.In one embodiment of the fabric, all alternate cross-machine direction yarns form alternating first floats and first knuckles, the first floats being on the first surface and the first knuckles being on the second surface. All of the remaining cross-machine direction yarns form alternating second floats and second knuckles, the second floats being on the second surface and the second knuckles being on the first surface.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a multiple-plane fabric having at least a base plane, a top plane and an intermediate plane positioned between the base plane and the top plane. The base plane is defined by a first plurality of cross machine direction yarns; the top plane is defined by a second plurality of cross machine direction yarns; and the intermediate plane is defined by a third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In one embodiment encapsulated stuffer yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In another embodiment, encapsulated filling yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A dryer felt having a soft, bulky top surface and comprising at least a top surface, which is defined by a plurality of machine direction yarns and a plurality of cross machine direction yarns interwoven according to a desired weave pattern. A preselected number of the yarns of the top surface are encapsulated yarns, the number being chosen to ensure that a major portion of the top surface is soft and bulky.

Abstract: Paper-making belts of hollow monofilaments of polyester, polyamide, or polycarbonamide.

Abstract: Papermachine clothing, for instance, a loop of imprinting fabric, is disclosed which is so woven that a top-surface-plane thereof is defined by coplanar crossovers of filaments of at least two sets of filaments (i.e., warp and shute filaments) and so that sub-top-surface crossovers are distributed in a predetermined pattern throughout the clothing. Specific weaves are disclosed wherein the top-surface crossovers act corporately to define a top surface comprising a bilaterally staggered array of wicker-basket-like cavities which cavities each span at least one sub-top-surface crossover. Such clothing is particularly useful for making soft, absorbent paper of relatively low density, and relatively isotropic stretch properties when creped.

Abstract: A Fourdrinier or forming fabric in which a plurality of warp yarns and a first plurality of weft yarns are woven according to a first weave pattern containing a predetermined sequence of shedding and picking instructions, and the plurality of warp yarns and a second plurality of weft yarns are woven according to a second weave pattern containing a predetermined sequence of shedding and picking instructions, the first pattern being different from the second pattern.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a fabric adapted as clothing for a papermaking machine. The fabric, which may be made endless, is useful to make dryer felts, wet felts and forming wires. The fabric of the invention comprises a plurality of crosswise yarns disposed in a plurality of separate layers, each layer being on a plane parallel to the crosswise plane of the fabric. A plurality of lengthwise yarns is interwoven with the crosswise yarns and binds the layers of crosswise yarns together to form a multilayer fabric. Structurally, the crosswise yarns in a given layer are separated from the adjacent crosswise yarns in adjacent layers at points along their length by void spaces within the body of the woven fabric. A synthetic, polymeric, thermoplastic resin foam fills, at least partially, the void spaces to control the void volume in the fabric of the invention.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a seam construction for joining the ends of woven papermakers felt or dryer felts, wet felts forming fabrics characterized in part by a first system of lengthwise yarns in one layer and a second system of lengthwise yarns positioned above the first system. The seam comprises looped ends of the lengthwise yarns projecting from the respective ends of the fabric, and positioned to interleaf with the opposite end loops. Pins are placed through the interleafed loops so as to provide joinder in the two systems, respectively, of the felt or fabric.

Abstract: A fabric, adapted for use in a belt of a papermaking machine, is formed of interwoven machine direction warp and cross-machine direction shute type strands, at least the shute strands being woven in a repetitive pattern of passing over at least three adjacent warp strands and then passing under at least two adjacent warp strands so as to form a 3/2 type weave pattern.

Abstract: In order to reduce the rate of wear of a papermakers fabric having a loop seam, especially in the region of such loop seam, a protective facing of additional cross-machine direction yarns is provided at the intended roller side of the fabric. The additional yarns are woven integrally with the fabric and are arranged to float at the face of the fabric, and define a surface to the fabric as a whole which is displaced outwardly of the fabric in relation to the surface of the basic weave structure.

Abstract: An endless forming fabric for paper-making machine comprises at least two layers of transverse threads and one layer of longitudinal threads. The upper loops formed by the longitudinal threads cover from three to seven transverse threads of the upper layer. The leading crossing points of these upper loops with the transverse threads are distributed in a weave pattern using at least five longitudinal threads. The weave pattern on the paper side of the fabric is selected so as to avoid alignment of the upper loops of adjacent threads and diagonal effects. The lower loops formed by the longitudinal threads, on the machine side of the fabric, pass each time only underneath a single transverse thread of the lower layer.

Abstract: A paperforming fabric of synthetic, monofilament threads is shown as woven in five, or a greater number of harnesses, the warp and weft threads of which it is comprised being interwoven in a non-regular twill pattern with the threads of each thread system interlaced through the fabric to have sufficient crossovers on each fabric face to produce an even sided fabric.

Abstract: A fabric for a paper machine including warp and weft threads in an atlas binding providing for improved longitudinal and transverse stability. The uppermost points of the warp and weft threads in the direction towards a paper-supporting surface on the fabric are located in substantially a single plane so as to obtain more uniform marking properties for the fabric and to concurrently avoid material deposits thereon.

Abstract: Improved paper forming and tissue transfer fabrics having enhanced stability and stretch resistance as well as improved bicrimp configuration, the fabrics being characterized by the alternate use of very high modulus and very low modulus yarns in the machine direction of the fabrics, the alternate very high and very low modulus yarns being woven using either pick and pick or two picks in a shed weaving techniques, the very high modulus yarns having an initial (1%) modulus greater than 2.0 gpd and the very low modulus yarns having an initial (1%) modulus of 0.2 to 0.8 gpd.

Abstract: A papermaking fabric for use on a papermaking machine is shown that is woven from warp and weft threads of monofilament synthetic material in which the threads of the warp system are of substantially rectangular configuration in cross section.

Abstract: A forming wire for use in paper-making, cellulose and similar machines, comprising a first layer of weft threads, which layer is intended in the position of use of the wire to face the material to be formed, a second layer of weft threads, which layer is intended in the position of use of the wire to face the machine drive rollers, and synthetic warp threads interweaving said two weft layers. Said first layer of weft threads crosses said warp threads on said outer face of the wire closest to the material to be formed, in at least 80% of all cross points, or according to the shaft (harness) number used in between 80% and 90% of all cross points, whereby the wefts on the wire face turned towards the material to be formed float over a large number of warps. The number of cross points on this wire face thus is reduced, eliminating the tendency of the wire to cause marking on sensitive paper qualities.

Abstract: This invention relates to conveyor belt-like papermakers' fabrics for use in papermaking machines which comprise non-porous cables comprised of a plurality of yarns. Each yarn comprises at least two twisted monofilaments which are substantially circular in cross-sectional configuration.

Abstract: Generally, this invention relates to papermakers' belts for use in papermaking machines which comprise ultra high modulus load bearing yarn comprised of poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide).

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter fabric, particularly of single-strand metal- or plastics filaments, in which one system of the two intersecting systems of filaments consists of filaments of thicker, mutually equidistantly spaced filaments extending in a straight line and the other system of thinner, sinusoidal filaments which are mutually juxtaposed as closely as possible and which embrace the thicker filaments and in which the filter gauge is determined by the diameter .mu. of the largest measuring sphere which passes through the apertures in the triangular pores of the fabric which are each formed by a thicker filament and two adjacent, phase-displaced, thinner filaments. The expression "filaments" embraces metal wires as well as plastics filaments.

Abstract: A double-layer forming wire for paper-making, cellulose and similar machines, said wire being particularly arranged to prevent marking on the material to be formed. The wire comprises two layers of weft yarns interconnected by warp threads, the weft layer intended to face the material to be formed (top layer) and said warp threads being essentially tangents to the plane of the wire intended to face said material. In accordance with a special arrangement the warp threads also bind separately with the layer of weft threads (top layer) intended to face said material. The invention likewise concerns a method of producing a forming wire of the above structure.

Abstract: A dehydration element for the fourdrinier part of a paper making machine is a metal or plastic twill-weave binding fabric in which the longitudinal (warp) threads bound to the woof threads are closely spaced to each other up to the point where the longitudinal threads are tightly pressed together. The result is a substantially closed mesh in which water drawn from the pulp passes through the element by capillary action in the fine channels and diagonal openings of the cloth. Preferably the cloth is an unevenly bound twill-weave with its paper side unifilarly bound and its machine side multifilarly bound.

Abstract: An improved blood filter media comprising a woven fabric having a pore size distribution rating of 20 microns and being woven with monofilament yarns in a regular, even-sided twill weave.

Abstract: A forming fabric for use in paper-making, cellulose or similar machines. The fabric comprising two layers of synthetic weft threads and synthetic warp threads. The latter interconnecting the weft thread layers but also binding separately the weft threads of the layer forming the paper making side of the fabric. The weft thread layer which forms the wear side of the fabric is tangent to a plane which is positioned outside the plane which is tangent to the warp threads interconnecting the weft layers.

Abstract: Loops are created at the ends of a woven papermaking machine forming fabric by a method which comprises removing weft yarns from the end of the fabric to give a weft-free zone, shortening selected ones of the warp yarns in the region of the weft-free zone, folding back the uncut warp yarns into register with respective ones of the shortened warp ends to form loops spaced transversely of the fabric, and introducing weft yarns into the resultant weftless end of the forming fabric, the crimp pattern of the individual uncut warp ends being such that when the ends are folded back the overall crimp pattern of the warp yarns in the weftless end of the forming fabric is compatible with that of the body of the forming fabric.

Abstract: A low-density, soft, bulky and absorbent paper sheet exhibiting a diamond-shaped pattern in its surface after creping, said paper being characterized by having a cross-directional stretch of from about 2 to about 6 percent, as well as improved softness, surface feel and drape, said paper sheet being particularly suitable for use in tissue, toweling and sanitary products. The aforesaid paper sheets are produced by impressing a dot-dash knuckle pattern, wherein the long axis of the dash impressions is aligned parallel to the machine direction of papermaking, using the back side of a monofilament, polymeric fiber, semi-twill fabric of selected coarseness, the knuckle imprint area of which constitutes between about 20 and about 50 percent of the total fabric surface area, as measured in the plane of the knuckles, on an uncompacted paper web at selected fiber consistencies, induced by thermal predrying, prior to final drying and creping.