Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a preform made of reinforcement fibers woven in a longitudinal direction. The preform is impregnated with resin in order to form an elongated element having a variable transverse cross-section. In one form, the method includes the step of simultaneously including a reduction (or increase) in width and an increase (or reduction) in height. The variable cross-section includes, along the length thereof, a consistent number (c) of continuous warp threads arranged in layers. The method for reducing width includes carrying out a change in weave, adding additional weft threads, and simultaneously drawing the teeth of the longitudinal beater reed closer together so as to increase the number of layers.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a shielding electrode applied with the same voltage as a common voltage and overlapping a data line is not formed. Instead, an opening is formed at a position corresponding to a data line disposed proximate to a sub-pixel charged with a relatively low voltage. In this manner, luminance deterioration of a liquid crystal display may be reduced or prevented, and a short defect between the shielding electrode and the data line may also be prevented.

Abstract: A method for producing tissue with the aid of a weaving loom comprising a stop bar, at least one shed and a heddle for carrying out the method. The inventive method is characterized in that warp thread guiding a filling yarn cooperates with a longitudinal heddle connected to the filling yarn and is arranged between the filling yarn and the stop bar of the weaving loom. The warp thread passes through the filling yarn and a longitudinal heddle controlled by a Jacquard device which carries out normal yarn up-and-down movement (down-and-up). Two superposed wefts which are arranged below and under the shed are simultaneously inserted therein.

Abstract: A weft controlling device for using weft as warp in a strap weaving machine has motors mounted on an assembly board and controlling rods each movably connected to a corresponding one of the motors by a controlling thread and each controlling rod having a weft hole in a distal end thereof so as to allow weft to pass through the weft hole. Springs are each mounted around a corresponding one of the controlling rods to provide a recovery force to the corresponding controlling rod. The movement of the controlling rods by the motors is able to drive the weft to a specific position for selection by the strap weaving machine.

Abstract: The present invention involves three dimensional woven structures which include interwoven bias fibers and at least one integrally woven junction, and a loom for weaving these structures. The loom includes bias fiber holders, bias shuttles, and independently controllable bias arms to interweave the bias fibers. Each bias fiber holder holds a bias fiber under tension. The bias shuttles may releasably grip a number of the bias fiber holders and translate them horizontally between a plurality of predetermined horizontal positions. Each bias shuttle is at a separate vertical position. At least one bias shuttle translates above the shed and at least one bias shuttle translates below the shed. Each independently controllable bias arm may releasably grip one of the bias fiber holders and translate it vertically, at one of the predetermined horizontal positions, with a range of motion extending at least between two of the bias shuttles.

Abstract: A loop-forming apparatus of the type including a plurality of loop-forming mandrels each extending forwardly between and in parallel to a corresponding adjacent pair of ground warp threads beyond the cloth fell of a weaving machine. The apparatus has at least one leno deflector extending transversely of the mandrels and reciprocally movable in a substantially transverse direction to that of the length of the mandrel so as to deflect the course of loop-forming warp threads alternately to one side and then to the other side of corresponding mandrels, respectively. A plurality of pairs of spaced gate hooks each extend vertically at opposite sides of the corresponding one of the mandrels and are vertically reciprocable in timed relation to the leno deflector to capture and lower the deflected loop-forming warp thread alternately to opposite sides of the corresponding mandrel so as to pass the loop-forming warp thread over the mandrel to thereby form pile loops on a woven fabric.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing multiaxial thick woven fabrics (8) using healds (3) through which warps are passed, a shuttle (5) reciprocating so as to insert wefts (6) in a warp shedding portion (19) formed by the healds, a reed (9), and a woven fabric removing device (10). A large number of healds are provided in parallel in the direction of woven fabric removal. The shedding portion is formed by passing a plurality of warps so that predetermined thickness and width of the woven fabric are produced through the healds and by widely reciprocating the healds in the width direction, moving the shedding position sequentially from one side to the other side, inserting a weft sequentially in the shedding portion and arranging it by shifting the weft position in the width direction. A texture of the first row of predetermined width and thickness is formed by fixing warps.

Abstract: A process for weaving using a reed having vertically aligned upper and lower reed portions with the reed portions being relatively movable in a weft direction. The process includes transferring warp yarns between the reed portions, moving the transferred warp yarns in the weft direction to define a selected array of warp yarns, and then shedding the array of warp yarns for insertion of weft yarn. A weaving loom head is also provided including a reed having vertically aligned upper and lower reed portions, a plurality of healds each releasably engagable with an individual warp yarn for moving selected warp yarns from one reed portion to the other, and a selectively operable drive mechanism for causing relative movement between the reed portions by a predetermined spacing in the weft direction. Weaves may accordingly be produced including warp threads extending parallel to and/or inclined to the fabric take-off direction. Inclination of the warp threads may be in a horizontal and/or vertical plane.

Abstract: A weaving machine having opposite arrays of first heddles which are subjected to an alternative weft-wise movement. The weaving machine is also provided with opposite arrays of second heddles which are arranged on one side of the respective arrays of the first heddles adjacent the cloth fell. The weaving machine is operative to manufacture a multi-axial fabric constructed by a triaxial fabric including oblique warp yarns of different direction which are interwoven in weft yarns, and straight warp yarns interwoven with the weft yarns constructing the triaxial fabric. At all of the locations where the oblique warp yarns are crossed with each other, the oblique warp yarns and the weft yarns are interwoven with each other, and the straight warp yarns are interwoven with the weft yarns which are interwoven with the oblique warp yarns.

Abstract: An improved loop-forming assembly in a weaving machine for forming a surface fastener tape blank having a multiplicity of warp pile loops formed of loop-forming warp threads comprises: a plurality of parallel spaced lancets; a deflector extending transversely of and over the lancets; and a plurality of pairs of parallel spaced gate hook bars; the lancets, the deflector and the gate hook bars being kept free from one another. The deflector is axially reciprocable for laterally deflecting the threads in eyelets with respect to the lancets, respectively, and the gate hook bars are vertically reciprocable in timed relation to the deflector to lower the thus deflected threads by hook portions alternately at one side and then at the other side of the lancets so as to pass the threads over the lancets in a staggering fashion to form the warp pile loops.

Abstract: The invention concerns woven straps having transverse contractions, as well as a method and apparatus for their manufacture. Contractions are formed along straps having a continuous unchanging weave and continuous selvedge by altering spacing of warp yarns during weaving. The warp yarns are spaced by a V or fan shaped support which is vertically movable to cause corresponding width variations in the straps.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for weaving fabrics on a loom wherein, during the usual operation of the loom, specially arranged warp yarns, hereinafter called "decorating yarns" advancing from separate warp yarn supplies which are remote from the normal warp beam, are caused to cross over the normal warp yarns during shedding. The decorating yarns are under the control of unique heddles mounted in harnesses which are arranged for both sideways or lateral movement and also adapted for up and down movement. The unique heddles and harnesses are controlled in synchronism with the normal shedding of the loom so that the specially arranged decorating yarns are caused to cross over the usual warp yarns and then be projected into the shed to be held in place as the filling is projected through the shed and beat-up. Thus, the decorating yarns, which may vary from the usual warp yarns in any desired manner as, for example, count, color, fiber composition, etc.

Abstract: A triaxial fabric weaving machine in which a plurality of elongate heddles for guiding warp yarns are arranged in weftwise rows and are shifted weftwise of the rows to thereby move the warp strands from one weftwise location to another. During weaving, heddles are supported by stationary guides and are moved longitudinally relative to the stationary guides for forming the warp strands into warp sheds in which wefts are inserted.

Abstract: A weaving machine for making triaxial fabrics in which heddles are positioned in weftwise rows of parallel heddles, moved longitudinally during warp shed formation, and shifted weftwise. Heddles of the weaving machine of this invention have means thereon for preventing entrance of more than one heddle into the same passageway, in the form of weftwise lateral projections for engagement with an adjacent heddle so as to facilitate proper guidance of heddles in the weftwise row into guiding passageways during longitudinal movement and weftwise shifting of the heddles.

Abstract: A weaving machine and method for making triaxial fabrics in which a plurality of elongate heddles are arranged in weftwise rows for guiding respective warp strands, for forming the warp strands into warp sheds through which wefts are inserted, and for shifting the warp strands weftwise. In accordance with this invention, heddles are engagingly received at one end of one row and are transferred to an adjacent end of another row. Preferably, transferring of heddles involves pivotal movement thereof in particular relationship to other instrumentalities of the weaving machine.

Abstract: A weaving machine and method for making triaxial fabrics in which a plurality of elongate heddles arranged in weftwise rows guide respective warp strands, and are transferred between weftwise rows. In accordance with this invention, mechanism for engaging heddles and for moving the same and guides extending from one end of one row to an adjacent end of another row cooperate so that heddles are engaged and moved by the mechanism and transferred between the rows. Mechanisms and guides are disclosed for accommodating transfer of heddles between substantially opposing weftwise rows lying substantially in a common plane and between substantially opposing weftwise rows spaced warpwise one from another.

Abstract: An elongate heddle for a weaving machine for making triaxial fabrics is provided with a frontal portion having a warp strand guide opening extending therethrough, with means on the heddle adapted to be engaged for imparting longitudinal movement thereto during warp shed forming operations. The heddle also has means thereon adapted to be engaged for shifting the heddle weftwise of the weaving machine, and the frontal portion of the heddle has guide means thereon adapted to aid in guiding the heddle by cooperating with an adjacent heddle during movement thereof.