Abstract: A powder conveyor for conveying coating powder includes a housing for a container that includes a top part of the housing with a powder inlet and an upper ledge as well as a bottom part of the housing with a powder outlet and a lower ledge. The upper ledge and/or the lower ledge is/are situated at an acute angle with respect to the horizontal line. A tube is provided whose tube ends are open such that the powder can pass through the tube. The tube is made of a porous air-permeable material and is clamped, on the end face side, between the upper ledge and the lower ledge. A powder inlet valve is connected to the powder inlet of the top part of the housing. A powder outlet valve is connected to the powder outlet of the bottom part of the housing.

Abstract: A purge configurable wafer shipper. The container includes an enclosure portion with an open side or bottom, a door to sealing close the open side or bottom. One of the door and the container portion includes an opening formed in the enclosure portion to provide a fluid passageway from an interior of the wafer shipper to an exterior region. The opening may include a module receiving structure that defines the fluid passageway. A sealing member is included for insertion into the module receiving structure. The sealing member has a body portion including a support flange positioned proximate a lower portion of the body portion, a circumferential groove in the exterior surface of the body portion, and an O-ring positioned at least partially within the circumferential groove.

Abstract: An article supply device has: a transport part that transports transported objects, and a movable block. The movable block is provided with a storage part that can store one of the transported objects in a reception position that communicates with a downstream end of the transport part. The movable block is capable of reciprocal movement in a direction that intersects the reception direction of the transported object. At one end of the reciprocal movement, the storage part is in the reception position. At the other end of the reciprocal movement, the storage part is in a dispensation or retrieval position from which the transported object can be dispensed or retrieved.

Abstract: A toner filling apparatus includes a filling tank, a toner filling path forming member, a toner fluidizing unit, a filling path opening/closing unit and a container room sucking unit. The toner filling path forming member is in communication with the filling tank and forms a toner filling path connected to the toner container. The container room sucking unit sucks air from the toner container through a filter member which is impermeable to the toner but permeable to air. When the toner fluidizing unit fluidizes the toner in the filling tank and the filling path opening/closing unit opens the toner filling path so as to load the toner to the toner container, the container room sucking unit reduces a pressure in the toner container to a negative pressure so as to draw in the toner into the toner container.

Abstract: A method for withdrawing a liquid crystal from a liquid crystal panel includes the steps of: (a) providing a liquid crystal panel that includes a liquid crystal and two spaced-apart substrates cooperatively defining an accommodating space therebetween to accommodate the liquid crystal, and that is divided into a discard region and a reserve region; (b) forming a through hole that is located in the discard region in one of the substrates; and (c) liquefying the liquid crystal that is accommodated in the accommodating space, followed by withdrawing the liquid crystal from the accommodating space through the through hole. A method for recycling a liquid crystal panel is also disclosed.

Abstract: An approach is provided for filling a toner container useful in printing. The approach involves causing, at least in part, a toner container to be coupled to a base member, the base member being configured to contact a lift mechanism. The approach further involves causing, at least in part, the toner container to be moved to a filling position by the lift mechanism. The approach also involves causing, at least in part, a predetermined amount of a toner to be input into the toner container by a filling process when the toner container is in the filling position. The approach additionally involves causing, at least in part, at least the toner inside the toner container to be agitated by way of the base member during the filling process, at least until the toner container is filled with the predetermined amount of toner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fueling the onboard storage tank of a vehicle with liquefied natural gas. A liquid cryogen such as liquid nitrogen is fed to a condensing unit to condense natural gas present in a fueling system. Liquefied natural gas is fed into the fueling system and natural gas vapor is recovered from the onboard storage tank of the vehicle and fed to the condensing unit. When the pressure of the onboard storage tanks is sufficient, the liquefied natural gas is fed from the fueling system to the onboard storage tanks.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus of an OLED display includes: a mounter to which a substrate that includes a display area coated with a liquid layer including a thermally curable material and a non-display area neighboring the display area is mounted; a separator disposed on the substrate while contacting the non-display area of the substrate, and a separation space that separates the liquid layer and the substrate; and a heater configured to apply heat to the liquid layer.

Abstract: NuChain supply chain and disposal chain apparatus are created by NuPurposing containers and conditioning and transforming such containers from fluent material delivery containers into waste collection containers realizes operational efficiency. Novel structural features of waste collection systems allows bottle docking for the ingress of collection material into fluent material distribution containers as well as operation as a non-bottle docking waste collection system. The application moving canister and lid pillars closer together respectively operates to contain a force being drawn away from the collection system by sealing the system. The application moving other canister and lid pillars closer together operates to unseal the system.

Abstract: A method for recovering puncture repair liquid includes preparing tube, preparing sealing portion, removing, discharging, inserting, and recovering. The tube is to be inserted into a tire from a tire valve mounted to a wheel. The sealing portion is at a part of the tube in a longitudinal direction, has an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the tube, and is fittable in the tire valve. The removing removes a valve core from the tire valve of the wheel. The discharging discharges pressurized air filled in the tire from the tire valve. The inserting inserts the tube from the tire valve so as to bring the tube to a liquid surface of the puncture repair liquid. The recovering recovers the puncture repair liquid in the tire via the tube using a residual pressure in the tire by fitting the sealing portion to the tire valve.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for removing air from a bag containing articles while the bag is traveling on a moving conveyor belt. A horizontal shaft is disposed in operational relationship to the conveyor belt. A plurality of rings is provided such that each ring has a thickness and a centered opening dimensioned to loosely accommodate the shaft, and also to rotationally oscillate relative to the shaft. Each ring is vertically displaceable relative to the shaft. Each ring independently generally follows a contour defined by the articles to expel air by downwardly depressing an outer surface of the bag under gravity caused by weight of each ring while the bag is carried on the conveyor belt below the rings. A radial distance between the shaft and the ring is greater than a diameter of the shaft.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for reducing the oxygen content in a product container having a closure, wherein the product container is filled with a liquid product, comprising at least one first injection nozzle arrangement configured to inert the product container by injecting the inert gas stream into the filled product container solely at an edge region of an opening of the filled product container.

Abstract: An apparatus that supplies electrolyte inside a battery case disposed inside a reduced pressure chamber includes: a measuring unit where a piston moves in a first direction in a measuring space (S) inside a cylinder, a dispenser that injects electrolyte from above into a battery case, a first pipeline that connects an upper end portion of the measuring space (S) of the measuring unit and the dispenser, and a back pressure valve disposed on the first pipeline. The dispenser includes a discharge nozzle disposed inside the battery case or in a periphery of an upper end of the battery case, a needle valve that is disposed inside the discharge nozzle and opens and closes the discharge nozzle, and an actuator that drives the needle valve up and down.

Abstract: A device for simultaneously edge sealing and gas filling an insulated glass unit, the insulated glass unit including a supporting structure that supports the insulated glass unit in a working position and a gas filling module including a gas fill injection structure and a displaced air extraction structure and a gas metering unit. The device also includes an edge sealing module having a sealant metering device, an edge sealing dispensing head, and an edge sealing dispensing nozzle. The device also includes a control device programmed with an algorithm to initiate gas filling substantially simultaneously with initiating edge sealing of the insulated glass unit and to complete the gas filling of the insulated glass unit prior to completion of the edge sealing.

Abstract: An insulating glass unit may be fabricated by filling the space between opposed panes of glass with multiple types of gases and then sealing the gases in the space. A spacer containing a gas adsorption material may be positioned between the panes of glass to seal the gases in the space. In some examples, the gas adsorption material is configured to selectively adsorb one of the gases introduced into the space but substantially none of another of the gases introduced into the space. As a result, the gas pressure in the insulating glass unit may reduce below the initial filling pressure after fabrication of the unit due to adsorption. Such gas pressure reduction may be useful, for example, if the insulating glass unit is going to be used at a higher elevation location where the air pressure is lower.

Abstract: A gas filling wand for quickly filling insulated glass with Argon is provided. The insulated glass may include at least a first sheet of glass and a second sheet of glass with a spacer in between, forming an internal cavity in between the sheets of glass. At least one entry port may be formed within the spacer. The gas filling wand may be inserted into the least one entry port and inject a gas, provide a vacuum within the internal cavity, and gauge the pressure within the internal cavity.

Abstract: A method and device for recovering puncture repair liquid without cutting out a tire valve. The method uses a device including a tube and either a pipe member or a drainage device. The tube reaches a tire inner surface when inserted into the tire from a tire valve mounted to a wheel, and the pipe member or drainage device connects between the tire valve and a pressurized air source. A valve core is detached from a tire valve of the wheel. The tube is inserted into the tire via the valve, the pipe member or drainage device is connected between the valve and air source, the tire is filled with air from the air source, and the puncture repair liquid in the tire is recovered through an end portion of the pipe member or drainage port due to air escaping from the tire.

Abstract: A valve core is removed from a tire valve 3 of a wheel 2 with a tire 1 where puncture repair liquid 4 has been injected. Pressurized air filled in the tire 1 is discharged via the tire valve 3. A tube 10 is inserted through the tire valve 3 to bring the tube 10 to a liquid surface of the puncture repair liquid 4 while the pressurized air in the tire 1 is being discharged. The puncture repair liquid 4 in the tire 1 is recovered via the tube 10 using a residual pressure in the tire 1. In this manner, the puncture repair liquid can efficiently be recovered without cutting off the tire valve.

Abstract: A method of refilling coolant from a fluid cooling system of an engine, where the fluid cooling system has a surge tank or pressure cap, includes the steps of sealingly connecting a storage tank of a coolant management tool to a drainage port of the cooling system, wherein the drainage port is located at the bottom of the fluid cooling system. The storage tank stores the coolant to refill the cooling system. The method includes installing a vacuum module to the surge tank or pressure cap. The method also includes the steps maintaining a vacuum while drawing at least a portion of the coolant from the storage tank up through the drainage port, up through the cooling system, and to a level just upstream of the vacuum module.

Abstract: The invention is an apparatus and method for safely depressurizing milling vials. The invention utilizes a machinist vise in communication with a pneumatic air cylinder mounted in a jig inside glove box enclosure. The invention utilizes a method for safely depressurizing milling vials. The milling vials are placed into the machinist vise inside the enclosure. The ram of the pneumatic air cylinder is placed on top of the milling vial and the pneumatic air cylinder is pressed firmly against the cap of the milling vial. Next, the air inside the enclosure is evacuated of atmosphere after which the pressure is slowly released from the pneumatic air cylinder. During this stage of the method the operator is a safe distance from the enclosure. As pressure is removed from the pneumatic air cylinder the ram is retracted and the cap of milling vial is removed.

Abstract: A device for recovering puncture repair liquid includes a tube to be inserted from a tire valve mounted to a wheel up to an inner surface of a tire, a container having a pair of connecting ports for receiving and containing puncture repair liquid recovered from inside the tire, and a connecting hose for connecting between the tire valve and one of the connecting ports. The other connecting port is removably attachable to a pressurized air source. A valve core is detached from a tire valve of a wheel with a tire mounted thereon into which puncture repair liquid has been injected. The tube is inserted into the tire which is filled with air from the pressurized air source that is then detached from the container. Thus, recovery of the puncture repair liquid is efficiently performed using pressure escaping from the tire without cutting out the tire valve.

Abstract: A device for filling a flexible container and a method thereof are disclosed. The device may include a pressurizing chamber and an evacuation chamber. A first displacement piston is sealingly and slideably arranged within the pressurizing chamber to define an inner volume within the pressurizing chamber that is fluidly connected to a pressurizing conduit. A second displacement piston is sealingly and slideably arranged within the evacuation chamber to define an inner volume within the evacuation chamber that is fluidly connected to an evacuation conduit. A reservoir adapter is fluidly connected to the pressurizing conduit and connects to a liquid reservoir. A container adapter is fluidly connected to the evacuation conduit and connects with a flexible container. A transfer conduit is fluidly connected to the reservoir adapter and the container adapter. A valve fluidly connects the container adapter to the evacuation conduit or the transfer conduit.

Abstract: A method and device for filling containers with a liquid product. The product is fed to the container by a filling valve and a filling nozzle. The product emerging from the filling nozzle is fed to a directing element. The directing element has a geometrical configuration such that an edge of the directing element runs along at a small distance from the inside walls of the container.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for bypassing a coolant reservoir with a fill tool connecting a source of vacuum pressure and a source of coolant (e.g., a vacuum coolant filler) to a vehicular cooling system inlet port. The fill tool bypass allows the coolant reservoir to be manufactured from a relatively structurally weak polymer material, which is subject to failure under vacuum pressure, while still allowing vacuum coolant filling to be used to charge the vehicular cooling system. Without the use of the bypass fill tool, the coolant reservoir would rupture under the vacuum pressures applied during vacuum coolant filling.

Abstract: An inactive gas introducing facility includes an introducing device disposed in a support portion supporting a container accommodating a substrate and configured for introducing inactive gas to the inside of the container through a gas feed opening of the container with discharging gas present inside the container to the outside through a gas discharge opening of the container and a controller for controlling operation of the introducing device. The introducing device is capable of varying the feed rate of the inactive gas. The controller is configured to control the operation of the introducing device such that in the feeding of the inactive gas to the container supported to the support portion, the feed rate is increased progressively to a target feed rate.

Abstract: A method for replacing a volume of coolant fluid in a circulating system in diesel engine system that includes the steps of establishing pneumatic connection with at least one location in the diesel engine coolant fluid circulating system; establishing fluid connection with at least one point in the diesel engine coolant fluid circulating system, the fluid connection location being different from the pneumatic connection; and after pneumatic and fluid connection is established, drawing a vacuum pressure through said pneumatic connection and introducing the volume of coolant fluid into the through said fluid connection as well as a device for accomplishing the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for filling and evacuating a dispenser unit for paste-like, foam-form or liquid media. In the known methods, a storage container is evacuated via a suction pump, which otherwise serves for the delivery of the medium, after filling. The risk exists hereby that medium is drawn in. In order to make the drawing-off process more effective and more reliable, a method and a filling insert for a dispenser unit are proposed according to the invention, wherein at least one air duct is provided parallel to the suction pump. The evacuation takes place by the application of a pressure difference between storage container and the environment, which is just so great that air can in fact be drawn through the air duct but no viscous medium can be drawn.

Abstract: A method for filling containers with liquid content using a filling machine includes partially evacuating a container before filling it, and pre-heating said liquid content to a filling temperature by using a negative pressure supplied from a pump operated with a sealing liquid to discharge, into said liquid content, thermal energy accrued from cooling of said sealing liquid.

Abstract: An irrigation system draining apparatus adapted for use with an irrigation system having a conduit with a fluid source connection, an air inlet, and at least one output port, the apparatus includes a suction device. The suction device has an input port that is adapted to access an interior of the conduit, and to drain fluid from the conduit by suction when the fluid source connection is closed and the air inlet is open. A method of draining an irrigation system includes closing a fluid source connection for the irrigation system, opening an air inlet of the irrigation system, and using a suction device to drain fluid from the irrigation system conduit through the one output port.

Abstract: Automotive service equipment for brake fluid exchange includes a central unit having a controller for operating the equipment and a communication module for wirelessly communicating with each of a plurality of remote bleed modules to control bleeding brake fluid from respective brake bleeders of a vehicle connected to the modules. The brake fluid from the brake bleeders is stored in containers in the modules for later removal. When disconnected from the brake bleeders, the modules are moved to docking stations on the central unit for emptying brake fluid from the module containers and vacuum charging the containers for brake bleeding. The automotive service equipment and related method of performing brake fluid exchange in an automotive vehicle avoid the use of hoses for returning the waste fluid to the central unit thus reducing the problem of storage and handling of such hoses and spillage of residual fluid left in the hoses.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for technique and cycling (Techni-cycling as herein defined) such that converting delivery supply containers (supplies) into waste and disposal receptacles is disclosed. More particularly, a container transformation comprising deriving a supply container from a health care delivery sequence and converting the container into a waste receptacle by connection to a vacuum/suction source and collection system reduces the amount of waste contributed to the waste stream.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatically performing a high accuracy gas refill in a laser chamber of a two chamber gas discharge laser such as an excimer laser are disclosed. Based upon a target pressure and halogen concentration that is either predetermined or entered by a user, and with no further user action, a non-halogen containing gas is added to the chamber to a first pressure, followed by the addition of halogen containing gas to a second pressure which is greater than a target pressure for the chamber, such that the halogen content in the gas at the second pressure is at a desired concentration. The gas in the chamber is bled until the pressure drops to the target pressure. The amount of non-halogen containing gas added is estimated automatically, and the amount of halogen containing gas is measured so that the desired concentration is obtained, taking into account both temperature and any gas remaining in the fill pipes from prior laser operation.

Abstract: A method of refilling coolant from a fluid cooling system of an engine, where the fluid cooling system has a surge tank or pressure cap, includes the steps of sealingly connecting a storage tank of a coolant management tool to a drainage port of the cooling system, wherein the drainage port is located at the bottom of the fluid cooling system. The storage tank stores the coolant to refill the cooling system. The method includes installing a vacuum module to the surge tank or pressure cap. The method also includes the steps maintaining a vacuum while drawing at least a portion of the coolant from the storage tank up through the drainage port, up through the cooling system, and to a level just upstream of the vacuum module.

Abstract: This invention relates in part to a method for preparing a pressure vessel for receiving high purity acetylene at elevated pressure. The method involves providing a porous filler-containing pressure vessel, deep cleaning the porous filler-containing pressure vessel, purifying a solvent, and charging the purified solvent into the deep cleaned, porous filler-containing pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is then charged with high purity acetylene for storage, transport and/or delivery of the high purity acetylene. The high purity acetylene may be useful as a source material for depositing carbon and carbon-containing films in semiconductor applications.

Abstract: A valve assembly for vacuum sealing a collapsible storage bag including a first valve part and a second valve part. The first valve part being inserted into the second valve part with a wall of the bag in between, causing the wall of the bag to break and/or puncture. A valve sealing mechanism to control the air flow from within the bag through the first and second valve part and out the bag.

Abstract: Preferred processes are provided for unloading a particulate substance from a container using a cover system comprising a cover and a wand extending through the cover. The processes can include installing the cover system on the container so that the cover mates with the container and the wand extends into the particulate substance, connecting a pipe or a hose to the wand, and drawing the particulate substance through the wand and the pipe or hose.

Abstract: Preferred processes are provided for unloading a particulate substance from a container using a cover system comprising a cover and a wand extending through the cover. The processes can include installing the cover system on the container so that the cover mates with the container and the wand extends into the particulate substance, connecting a pipe or a hose to the wand, and drawing the particulate substance through the wand and the pipe or hose.

Abstract: This system provides for odor control by using a rack opacity filtering system (ROFS). This is a system that collects opacity at the point of origin and transfers it to the filter unit. The filter unit then removes the opacity from the air and the clean air is then vented to the atmosphere. The opacity is a result of loading additized asphalt product at elevated temperatures and controlling how much opacity is allowed to be released. ROFS provides a means to virtually eliminate opacity.

Abstract: A plurality of liquid crystal cells are formed by encapsulating pieces of liquid crystal material with in a plurality of first sealing members, respectively, between a pair of flexible substrate base materials. Only respective parts of the pair of substrate base materials are contained inside a vacuum container, and the liquid crystal cells are formed inside the vacuum container reduced in pressure.

Abstract: A purge apparatus is provided which can purge with clean gas even in a case where an in-use state is selected after a long period of a non-use state. The purge apparatus includes a nozzle which is connectable to a container and through which gas passes, a detection unit which detects a connection state between the container and the nozzle, and a flow rate adjustment unit which allows the gas to flow at a first flow rate when the container and the nozzle are in a connected state, and allows the gas to flow at a second flow rate, which is lower than the first flow rate, when the container and the nozzle are in a disconnected state.

Abstract: A container filling assembly includes a plurality of fluid storage containers, and a fluid inlet for supplying a fluid from a fluid source to the containers. A vacuum source creates a vacuum in the containers to draw the fluid into the containers and thereby fill the containers. A connective structure connects the vacuum inlet and the fluid inlet in fluid communication with the containers.

Abstract: A method of controlling the flow of unbound powder in a build chamber. A build surface for receiving the powder is provided, with the build surface including a first plate defining holes and a second plate defining a plurality of openings spaced apart and offset from the plurality of holes in the first plate. The second plate is disposed below and spaced from the first plate. A vacuum source is provided below the build surface.

Abstract: Filters, methods, and an apparatus for filling housings and both encapsulated porous and non-porous spaces with contaminant control media for placement in electronic enclosures, such as disk drive enclosures, are disclosed. In one embodiment, a filter assembly includes a housing comprising an internal cavity configured to receive contaminant control media, a fill port in communication with the internal cavity, and an opening in communication with the internal cavity, and filter media at least partially covering the opening; and contaminant control media occupying the internal cavity. Contaminant control media is deposited within the internal cavity via the fill port by means of creating a negative pressure within the internal cavity. The application of a partial vacuum facilitates movement of the contaminant control media into the internal cavity and minimizes the contamination of the filter, housing, and work space common to other loose fill filling methods.

Abstract: This patent application teaches methods and apparatus of an efficient disposal chain system which includes a process of receiving fluid enclosing containers, transforming said containers into collection containers by integrating said containers into vacuum canister collection systems. Such a collection system includes a remote vacuum source configured to draw a vacuum force away from said container and towards said container. Such a vacuum source is configured to draw room air. Such a force is configured to draw waste materials along a path towards said collection container. A transformation of said containers includes deriving said containers from supply chains and transforming said containers into said collection systems at least in part by supporting said containers inside said canisters from below utilizing various configurations of measurement stands, said stands configured to support and accommodate various sizes, types and shapes of said containers.

Abstract: A refueling system including a nozzle configured to dispense fuel through a fuel path thereof into a vehicle tank. The nozzle includes a vapor path configured such that vapor recovered from the vehicle tank during refueling is passable therethrough. The system further includes a sensing valve disposed in the vapor path, wherein the sensing valve is configured to generally block the associated part of the vapor path when a sufficient vacuum from the vehicle tank is applied to the sensing valve during refueling. The system also includes a regulator valve disposed in the vapor path and arranged in series with the sensing valve, the regulator valve being configured to regulate the level of vacuum applied by a vapor pump to the sensing valve.

Abstract: A vacuum fresh-keeping cover includes an upper cover, a top of which is connected with an air suction-ventilation device, a lower rim of which is connected with a soft gasket that can be suppressed on any horizontal surface, and an interior of which is formed with a container space. When a barometric value of the container space gets larger, the air suction-ventilation device is activated to expel out air in the container space continuously, to keep the container space at a near vacuum condition for preserving objects or food. When pulling up a touching element of the air suction-ventilation device, the air in the container space is drained out by the air suction-ventilation device to quickly remove the upper cover, to facilitate consumers for use, and to conveniently separate the air suction-ventilation device from the upper cover, for easily washing the upper cover with water.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a nitrogen tire inflation and deflation system and associated usage methods. In one exemplary embodiment, the system includes a dispenser and a nitrogen storage device along with an associated usage method. In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a decommissioned pay phone is converted into an air or nitrogen dispenser. The conversion utilizes the form-factor and payment component of the pay phone with the additional of parts to regulate air flow. Advantageously, this provides an environmental solution to waste disposal of decommissioned pay phones. The air/nitrogen dispenser of the present disclosure can be placed at gasoline stations, convenience stores, car washes, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filling element for filling systems for filling bottles or similar containers with a liquid filling product, comprising a liquid channel for the liquid product in a housing of the filling element, which forms at least one discharge opening for introducing the liquid product into the respective container, and with valve means for the controlled discharging of the liquid product into the respective container.

Abstract: A method and system for fuel vapor control in a hybrid vehicle (HEV). The HEV fuel vapor recovery system includes a fuel tank isolation valve, which is normally closed to isolate storage of refueling from storage of diurnal vapors. The method for fuel vapor control includes selectively actuating the fuel tank isolation valve during interrelated routines for refueling, fuel vapor purging, and emission system leak detection diagnostics to improve regulation of pressure and vacuum the HEV fuel vapor recovery system.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a reactor, the method including circulating a fluid inside the reactor, pumping the fluid from the reactor into an inlet of a tank cleaner, and removing solids from the fluid to produce a clean fluid. The method further includes transferring the clean fluid to the reactor and transferring pneumatically the removed solids to a pressurized vessel. Also, a method for transferring spent granular material, the method including providing a vacuum system disposed at a hydrocarbon production site to remove spent material from a reactor, transferring the spent material through the vacuum system into a pressurized vessel, and conveying pneumatically the spent material from the pressurized vessel to a second pressurized vessel.