Abstract: A TIG welding flux for chromium-molybdenum steel is used to form a weld bead with high mechanical strength and high fracture toughness between two chromium-molybdenum steel workpieces. The TIG welding flux for chromium-molybdenum steel includes 30-44 wt % of silicon dioxide (SiO2), 20-35 wt % of manganese(IV) oxide (MnO2), 14-24 wt % of chromium(III) oxide (Cr2O3), 9-19 wt % of nickel(III) oxide (Ni2O3), 7-14 wt % of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) and 5-10 wt % of calcium fluoride (CaF2).

Abstract: A solder paste contains a flux and a metal powder, wherein the flux contains: 0.5% by mass to 20.0% by mass of a (carboxyalkyl)isocyanurate adduct; 5.0% by mass to 45.0% by mass of a rosin; and a solvent. The (carboxyalkyl)isocyanurate adduct is at least one selected from the group consisting of mono(carboxyalkyl)isocyanurate adducts, bis(carboxyalkyl)isocyanurate adducts and tris(carboxyalkyl)isocyanurate adducts.

Abstract: The nozzles of a MHD liquid metal ejector/printhead can be clogged by contaminants in the liquid metal. Typically, these contaminants are in the form of small particles of aggregates of particles, such as metal oxides, that are insoluble in the liquid metal. Possible cleaning methods include mechanically removing the clogging material, such as by using a physical device to dislodge the clogging material and remove it; chemically removing the clogging material, such as by using selected chemicals/flux to chemically react with the clogging material; using ultrasound to break/remove the clogging material; and providing reversed and/or oscillating flow of material through the nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention employs a flux which contains rosin, a solvent, a thixotropic agent and an activator. The thixotropic agent contains a polyamide (PA2). The PA2 is a condensation product of an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a hydroxy group-containing aliphatic carboxylic acid and an aliphatic amine having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms; and the aliphatic carboxylic acid includes an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having from 11 to 20 carbon atoms. With respect to the endothermic amount calculated from the peak area of the differential scanning calorimetry curve of PA2 as obtained by differential scanning calorimetry measurement, the ratio of the endothermic amount within the range of from 50° C. to 190° C. to the total endothermic amount within the range of from 50° C. to 200° C. is 90% or more.

Abstract: The present invention uses a flux containing a rosin, a solvent, a thixo agent, and an activator. The thixo agent contains a polyamide and a compound represented by general formula (1). The polyamide is a condensate between an amine and at least one selected from aliphatic carboxylic acids and hydroxy group-containing aliphatic carboxylic acids, and has an endothermic peak at a temperature of 120-200° C. In the general formula, R11 represents a hydrocarbon group having 11-30 carbon atoms. R0a represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 12-31 carbon atoms. R0b represents an n-valent hydrocarbon group having 4-12 carbon atoms. R21 represents an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms. R0c represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 2-6 carbon atoms. n represents 1 or 2. When n represents 1, m represents an integer of 1-3. When n represents 2, m represents 1.

Abstract: A flux containing 1 to 10 wt % of an organic sulfonic acid activator, 10 to 40 wt % of a high-molecular-weight nonionic surfactant that is a nonionic surfactant having a mass-average molecular weight Mw of more than 1200 and 5 to 75 wt % of a low-molecular-weight nonionic surfactant that is a nonionic surfactant having a mass-average molecular weight Mw of 1200 or less, in which the content of the low-molecular-weight nonionic surfactant is equal to or larger than the content of the organic sulfonic acid activator. This flux contains no cationic surfactant or contains more than 0 wt % and 5 wt % or less of the cationic surfactant. A solder paste containing this flux and a Sn-based solder metal.

Abstract: Provided is a mold flux used for casing a cast slab, the mold flux including, bases on a total wt % of thereof, 32-38 wt % of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), 8-12 wt % of strontium oxide (SrO), 8-12 wt % of potassium oxide (K2O), 8-12 wt % of fluorine (F), 5-8 wt % of boron oxide (B2O3), 3-5 wt % of lithium oxide (Li2O), and inevitable impurities. Thus, according to the mold flux, a change in components due to silicon oxide (SiO2) and calcium oxide (CaO) may be suppressed or prevented compared to those in the conventional art.

Abstract: A method for joining a first metal part with a second metal part, the metal parts having a solidus temperature above 1100° C., includes applying a melting depressant composition on a surface of the first metal part, the melting depressant composition including a melting depressant component that includes at least 25 wt % boron and silicon for decreasing a melting temperature of the first metal part; bringing the second metal part into contact with the melting depressant composition at a contact point on said surface; heating the first and second metal parts to a temperature above 1100° C.; and allowing a melted metal layer of the first metal component to solidify, such that a joint is obtained at the contact point. The boron at least partly originates from a boron compound selected from any of the following compounds: boric acid, borax, titanium diboride and boron nitride. The melting depressant composition and related products are also described.

Abstract: A welding system includes a welding power source configured to provide pulsed electropositive direct current (DCEP), a gas supply system configured to provide a shielding gas flow that is at least 90% argon (Ar), a welding wire feeder configured to provide tubular welding wire. The DCEP, the tubular welding wire, and the shielding gas flow are combined to form a weld deposit on a zinc-coated workpiece, wherein less than approximately 10 wt % of the tubular welding wire is converted to spatter while forming the weld deposit on the zinc-coated workpiece.

Abstract: A TIG welding flux for dissimilar steels is used to solve the problem that the conventional friction stir welding procedure for butt-joint welding a stainless steel workpiece and a carbon steel workpiece cannot be used on site, as well as the problem that the increased operating time and manufacturing cost due to forming bevel faces on both the stainless steel workpiece and the carbon steel workpiece. The TIG welding flux for dissimilar steels includes 25-35 wt % of silicon dioxide (SiO2), 20-30 wt % of cobalt (II, III) oxide (Co3O4), 15-20 wt % of manganese (II, III) oxide (Mn3O4), 10-15 wt % of nickel (III) oxide (Ni2O3), 7-12 wt % of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), 6-11 wt % of manganese (II) carbonate (MnCO3), 5-10 wt % of nickel (II) carbonate (NiCO3), and 2-4 wt % of aluminum fluoride (AlF3).

Abstract: An apparatus system is provided which comprises: a photoimageable dielectric layer; a first interconnect structure formed through the photoimageable dielectric, the first interconnect structure formed at least in part using a lithography process; and a second interconnect structure formed through the photoimageable dielectric, the second interconnect structure formed at least in part using a laser drilling process.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat exchanger is disclosed. The method includes a) providing two heat exchanger plates of the heat exchanger that are to be joined to one another; b) wetting at least one common local joining zone of the two heat exchanger plates with solder; c) forming the heat exchanger by brazing the two heat exchanger plates via local heating of the at least one common joining zone.

Abstract: Provided is a dephosphorizing flux configured to adjust a phosphorous component contained in molten steel, the dephosphorizing flux includes a main material including BaCO3 and a supplementary material, wherein the supplementary material includes a first material containing either of NaHCO3 or Na2CO3 and a second material containing CaF2. Thus, in accordance with a dephosphorizing flux and a method for preparing the same of the present disclosure, the plugging of a lower blowing nozzle that blows a carrier gas during dephosphorization may be prevented while improving a dephosphorization ratio. In addition, since environment polluting substances are not used as in conventional arts, environment pollution risk may be reduced, and the cost burden due to the facility for pollution prevention and harmful substance management may be alleviated.

Abstract: A welding flux for duplex stainless steel is used to solve the problem of insufficient penetration depth of a weld formed between two jointed workpieces when workpieces with a thickness above 3 mm is joined by TIG welding. The welding flux for duplex stainless steel includes 25-35 wt % of SiO2, 20-25 wt % of Cr2O3, 10-20 wt % of MoO3, 10-15 wt % of NiO, 5-10 wt % of FeO, 5-10 wt % of Co3O4, 5-10 wt % of MnO2 and 3-5 wt % of CuO.

Abstract: A sprocket wheel has an annular shape. The sprocket wheel has a plurality of projections formed on an outer peripheral surface for transmitting a driving force to a track. The sprocket wheel includes a base made of a first metal, and an overlay including a second metal that covers the base so as to constitute at least a part of the outer peripheral surface. The overlay is formed with a metallic structure that is continuous in the circumferential direction so as to connect between adjacent ones of the projections.

Abstract: A sprocket wheel, which is an example of the machine component, includes a base made of a first metal, and an overlay disposed in contact with the base to cover at least a part of a surface of the base. The overlay includes a matrix made of a second metal, and hard particles dispersed in the matrix. The surface of the overlay is a forged surface. The hard particles located in an overlay surface region within an average particle diameter of the hard particles from the surface of the overlay are arranged side by side while being embedded in the overlay.

Abstract: Chemical methods, optionally in combination with physical methods, may be used to increase the strength of the bond formed by a braze material between a polycrystalline material and a hard composite. Such polycrystalline materials brazed to hard composites may be found in various wellbore tools include drill bit cutters. An exemplary method may include forming a bonding layer on a bonding surface of a polycrystalline material body that comprises a hard material, the bonding surface opposing a contact surface of the polycrystalline material body, and the bonding layer substantially formed by a [111] crystal structure of the hard material, a [100] crystal structure of the hard material, or a combination thereof; and brazing the bonding layer to a hard composite using a braze material.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains generally to a process for making boric acid free flux compositions in which boric acid and/or borax is substituted with a molar equivalent amount of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate. In some embodiments, a phthalocyanine pigment is used to affect a color change at activation temperature.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains generally to boric acid free flux composition in which boric acid and/or borax is substituted with a molar equivalent amount of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate. In some embodiments, a phthalocyanine pigment is used to effect a color change at activation temperature.

Abstract: The present applicant presents a structure intended for high temperature use above 30° C. comprising multiple components having metal-to-metal or metal-to-ceramic contacting surfaces wherein the surfaces are joined by a braze composed of pure aluminum. Anticipated devices include but are not limited to igniters as well as electronic applications in the automotive and aerospace industries.

Abstract: To provide a method for joining metal members, in which joining can be performed at relatively lower temperature, and deformation caused when joining the metal members can be reduced. The present invention includes a step of joining a plurality of metal members with a sheet sandwiched between the joining surfaces of the plurality of metal members, wherein the sheet is obtained by forming an organic acid metal salt film on the surface of a metal sheet; wherein aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used as the metal members, and a sheet made of any one of zinc, copper and magnesium is used as the metal sheet.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions containing at least 5 wt. % of a silicate based on the total weight of the composition, wherein the silicate is an alkali metal silicate and/or an alkaline earth metal silicate, at least 20 wt. % of one or more calcium oxygenates; and water to 100 wt. %.

Abstract: Provided is a flux for submerged arc welding that has good welding workability and can reduce the diffusion hydrogen content in a weld metal using either an AC or a DC welding power source. The flux includes Al2O3: 15 to 35% by mass; SiO2: 10 to 30% by mass; MgO: 10 to 25% by mass; F expressed in terms of CaF2: 10 to 25% by mass; Mn expressed in terms of MnO: 3 to 20% by mass; Na expressed in terms of Na2O and/or K expressed in terms of K2O: 0.5 to 4.5% by mass in total; Fe expressed in terms of FeO: 0.5 to 8% by mass; and CaO: 6% by mass or less. A water-soluble SiO2 in the flux is less than 1% by mass. In addition, the flux has a composition that satisfies the following formula: 0.2?[Mg/O]/([Al2O3]+[MnO])?0.8.

Abstract: There is provided a welding material used for welding of SUS310 stainless steel base metal that contains at least one of Nb and V and is excellent in intergranular corrosion resistance, the chemical composition of the welding material consisting, by mass percent, of C: 0.02% or less, Si: 2% or less, Mn: 2% or less, Cr: 26 to 50%, N: 0.15% or less, P: 0.02% or less, S: 0.002% or less, and Ni: a content percentage satisfying [5?Ni?Cr?14], and the balance of Fe and impurities. Also, there is provided a welding joint of an austenitic stainless steel, which consists of the base metal and a weld metal formed by using the welding material.

Abstract: A method includes disposing a braze material adjacent a first body and a second body; heating the braze material and forming a transient liquid phase; and transforming the transient liquid phase to a solid phase and forming a bond between the first body and the second body. The braze material includes copper, silver, zinc, magnesium, and at least one material selected from the group consisting of nickel, tin, cobalt, iron, phosphorous, indium, lead, antimony, cadmium, and bismuth.

Abstract: Conductive concrete mixtures for shotcrete applications are described that are configured to provide varied EM shielding and reflect and/or absorb, for instance, EM waves propagating through the conductive concrete mixture, while providing flowability (e.g., fluidity) for shotcrete applications. The conductive concrete mixtures include cement, aggregate, water, metallic conductive material, and conductive carbon particles and magnetic material. The metallic conductive material may include steel fibers and/or shavings having sizes suitable for application through shotcrete nozzles/applicators, and the magnetic material may include a taconite aggregate, such as taconite sand.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a welding flux used for austenitic stainless steel, which includes 20-40 wt. % SiC, 20-30 wt. % SiO2, 15-25 wt. % MoO3, 2-15 wt. % TiO2, 2-10 wt. % NiO, and 1-5 wt. % MgO. As such, the welding flux forms a soundness weld with high D/W ratio and surface hardness.

Abstract: Provided are a macroporous titanium compound monolith and a production method thereof, the macroporous titanium compound monolith having a framework that is composed of a titanium compound other than titanium dioxide, having controlled macropores, and having electron conductivity, the titanium compound being oxygen-deficient titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride, or titanium nitride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transparent, electrically semiconducting interference pigments having high color strength, and in particular to flake-form interference pigments which comprise an oxygen-deficient layer of TiO2-x, to a process for the preparation of such pigments, and to the use of the pigments prepared in this way.

Abstract: A welding additive for electric arc welding and laser beam welding of mixed joins composed of austenitic and high-manganese-containing and ferritic steel, where the high-manganese-containing steel has a manganese content of at least 7-30% by weight includes the following alloy elements in % by weight: C 0.04-1.0; Mn 7-30; Si?6; Al?4; Mo?2; Ti?0.5; Zr 0.01-01; B 0.001-0.01; P<0.005; S<0.002; N<0.008; balance iron and unavoidable steel accompanying elements.

Abstract: A method of soldering a shape memory alloy (SMA) element to a component includes positioning a tinned end of the SMA element with respect to a surface of the component, and then directly soldering the tinned end to the surface using solder material having a low liquidus temperature of 500° F. or less when an oxide layer is not present on the SMA element. The end may be soldered using lead-based solder material at a higher temperature when an oxide layer is present. The end may be tinned with flux material containing phosphoric acid or tin fluoride prior to soldering the SMA element. The SMA element may be submersed in an acid bath to remove the oxide layer. The solder material may contain tin and silver, antimony, or zinc, or other materials sufficient for achieving the low liquidus temperature. Heat penetrating the SMA element is controlled to protect shape memory abilities.

Abstract: A solar receiver system includes a panel mounted to a multiple of standoffs such that the panel is spaced away from the support structure to provide convective cooling.

Abstract: Aluminum parts, e.g., heat exchangers, with improved resistance towards corrosion caused by contact with stationary water or aqueous compositions such as cooling water can be obtained by addition of Li compounds in specific amounts to the flux used for brazing the parts. LiF and especially Li fluoroaluminates are very suitable. The flux and the Li salt can be dispersed in water or an aqueous composition separately.

Abstract: A metal cladding process utilizing a feed material (66) formed as a hollow sheath (68) containing a powdered core (70) including powdered metal and powdered flux material. The powdered metal and flux may have overlapping mesh size ranges. The sheath may be an extrudable subset of elements of a desired superalloy cladding material, with the powdered metal and powdered flux materials complementing the sheath to form the desired superalloy material when melted. The powdered metal may include an excess of titanium to compensate for a reaction of titanium with oxygen or carbon dioxide in a shielding gas. Heat for melting may be provided by an energy beam (64) or by utilizing the feed material as an electrode in a cold metal arc welding torch (54).

Abstract: Crushed flux lime to be used in a BOF converter is processed to minimize waste dust, obviate environmental complications caused by high pH in waste water, and to utilize a very high percentage of the original crushed lime for useful products. The crushed flux lime is screened to provide a fine grain fraction and a modified flux lime fraction. Only a small percentage of the modified flux lime fraction is dust which may be removed in a dust collection system, and the modified flux lime fraction is then passed to the BOF converter. The fine grain fraction is made into a highly fluidized lime of very small dimensions by pulverizing it further in the presence of a fluidizing agent.

Abstract: Crushed flux lime to be used in a BOF converter is processed to minimize waste dust, obviate environmental complications caused by high pH in waste water, and to utilize a very high percentage of the original crushed lime for useful products. The crushed flux lime is screened to provide a fine grain fraction and a modified flux lime fraction. Only a small percentage of the modified flux lime fraction is dust which may be removed in a dust collection system, and the modified flux lime fraction is then passed to the BOF converter. The fine grain fraction is made into a highly fluidized lime of very small dimensions by pulverizing it further in the presence of a fluidizing agent.

Abstract: Materials comprising an A/M/X compound are provided. An A/M/X compound is a compound comprising one or more A moieties, one or more M atoms and one or more X atoms, where the A moieties are selected from organic cations and elements from Group 1 of the periodic table, the M atoms are selected from elements from Group 14 of the periodic table, and the X atoms are selected from elements from Group 17 of the periodic table. The materials include two-phase materials in which the A/M/X compound provides a first phase and a metal oxide or metal halide compound provides a second phase.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains generally to boric acid free flux composition wherein in some embodiments, a phthalocyanine pigment is used to effect a color change at activation temperature.

Abstract: Aluminum parts, such as heat exchangers, with improved resistance towards corrosion caused by contact with stationary water or aqueous compositions can be obtained by addition of Li compounds to the flux used for brazing such parts. LiF and especially Li fluoroaluminates are very suitable. Another aspect of the invention concerns fluxes containing Li salts and their use for brazing of aluminum parts.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flux composition for use in brazing of an aluminum alloy material and includes a flux component [A] containing KAlF4; and a fluoride [B] containing an element other than Group 1 elements and Group 2 elements and containing no potassium (K). Also disclosed is a brazing sheet which includes an aluminum alloy core; a filler material lying on or over at least one side of the core; and a flux layer lying on or over one side of the filler material and including the flux composition.

Abstract: A method for joining a first metal part (11) with a second metal part (12), the metal parts (11,12) having a solidus temperature above 1100 QC. The method comprises: applying a melting depressant composition (14) on a surface (15) of the first metal part (11), the melting depressant composition (14) comprising a melting depressant component that comprises at least 25 wt % boron and silicon for decreasing a melting temperature of the first metal part (11); bringing (202) the second metal part (12) into contact with the melting depressant composition (14) at a contact point (16) on said surface (15); heating the first and second metal parts (11,12) to a temperature above 1100 QC; and allowing a melted metal layer (210) of the first metal component (11) to solidify, such that a joint (25) is obtained at the contact point (16). The melting depressant composition and related products are also described.

Abstract: A flux sheet (20A) and method of using the flux sheet to restore a surface (24) of a metal substrate (26). A laser beam (32) is directed onto the flux sheet to melt it and the surface, then allowed to cool and solidify to produce a restored surface. The flux sheet may be formulated to optically transmit at least 40% of electromagnetic energy from a laser onto the substrate surface. The flux sheet contains a flux composition that may include: a metal oxide, a metal silicate, or both; a metal fluoride; and a metal carbonate. The flux composition may limit the content of certain elements and compounds such as Fe, Li2O, Na2O and K2O. The flux composition may include constituents providing air shielding, contaminant scavenging, viscosity/fluidity enhancement, and optical transmission of laser energy through the flux sheet.

Abstract: Flux compositions adapted for use in laser welding, repair and additive manufacturing applications. Flux compositions contain 5 to 60 percent by weight of an optically transmissive constituent, 10 to 70 percent by weight of a viscosity/fluidity enhancer, 0 to 40 percent by weight of a shielding agent, 5 to 30 percent by weight of a scavenging agent, and 0 to 7 percent by weight of a vectoring agent, in which the percentages are relative to a total weight of the flux composition. Also disclosed are processes involving melting of a superalloy material in the presence of a disclosed flux composition to form a melt pool covered by a layer of molten slag, and allowing the melt pool and the molten slag to cool and solidify to form a superalloy layer covered by a layer of solid slag.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains generally to boric acid free flux composition in which boric acid and/or borax is substituted with a molar equivalent amount of potassium tetraborate tetrahydrate. In some embodiments, a phthalocyanine pigment is used to effect a color change at activation temperature.

Abstract: The invention described herein pertains generally to boric acid free flux composition wherein in some embodiments, a phthalocyanine pigment is used to effect a color change at activation temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flux for brazing aluminum-based materials, the flux being capable of brazing an A5052 alloy or the like containing 1.5 wt % or more of magnesium even when an Al—Si eutectic alloy (Si content: 7 to 12 wt %; A4343 alloy, A4047 alloy; melt starting temperature: about 577 to 615° C.) is used as a brazing material. Specifically, the present invention provides a flux for brazing aluminum-based materials, comprising, expressed in mol %, 20 mol %?CsF?49 mol %, 1 mol %?LiF?58 mol %, 19 mol %?AlF3?41 mol %, and 0 mol %<NaF and/or KF?19 mol %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a flux for brazing aluminum-based materials, the flux being capable of brazing an A5052 alloy or the like containing 1.5 wt % or more of magnesium even when an Al-Si eutectic alloy (Si content: 7 to 12 wt %; A4343 alloy, A4047 alloy; melt starting temperature: about 577 to 615° C.) is used as a brazing material. Specifically, the present invention provides a flux for brazing aluminum-based materials, the flux comprising LiF, AlF3, and CsF, and the composition ratio of the three components being adjusted to within the range enclosed by four lines: line C connecting (30, 0, 70) and (30, 70, 0), line (1) connecting (31, 33.5, 35.5) and (51.5, 22.5, 26), line (2) connecting (32.5, 28.5, 39) and (49, 21.5, 29.5), and line (3) connecting (57.5, 42.5, 0) and (57.5, 0, 42.5), excluding the points on line C, in the triangular coordinates indicating LiF mol %, AlF3 mol %, and CsF mol %.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flux composition for treating a metal surface prior to batch hot galvanizing in molten zinc-based alloys. The composition comprises (a) more than 40 and less than 70 wt. % zinc chloride, (b) 10 to 30 wt. % ammonium chloride, (c) more than 6 and less than 30 wt. % of a set of at least two alkali or alkaline earth metal halides, (d) from 0.1 to 2 wt. % lead chloride, and (e) from 2 to 15 wt. % tin chloride, provided that the combined amounts of lead chloride and tin chloride represent at least 2.5 wt. % of said composition. The invention further relates to a fluxing bath comprising this flux composition dissolved in water for use in galvanizing processes, by batch or continuously, of metal articles such as iron or steel long products and flat products, thus affording a protective coating layer with a thickness ranging from 5 to 30 ?m.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flux composition for treating a metal surface, comprising (a) more than 40 and less than 70 wt. % zinc chloride, (b) 10 to 30 wt. % ammonium chloride, (c) more than 6 and less than 30 wt. % of a set of at least two alkali metal chlorides including sodium chloride and potassium chloride, (d) from 0 to 2 wt. % lead chloride, and (e) from 0 to 15 wt. % tin chloride, provided that the KCl/NaCl weight ratio of said set of at least two alkali metal chlorides ranges from 2.0 to 8.0. This invention also relates to a fluxing bath comprising this flux composition dissolved in water for use in galvanizing processes, by batch or continuously, of metal articles such as iron or steel long products and flat products including wires, plates, coils, rods, reinforcing bars, tubes, strips and sheets.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a neutron shielding material is formed of boron-adding stainless steel of either austenite-ferrite two-phase stainless steel or ferritic stainless steel, the austenite-ferrite two-phase stainless steel containing, in mass %, B: 0.5% to 2.0%, Ni: 3.0 to 10.0%, and Cr: 21.00 to 32.00%, the ferritic stainless steel containing, in mass %, B: 0.5% to 2.0%, Ni: 4.0% or less, and Cr: 11.00 to 32.00%, and the boron-adding stainless steel being well in ductility and thermal conduction property.