Abstract: Copper-tungsten alloys used for materials of electrode, electric contacts, package materials for semiconductors, heat sink and their manufacturing methods. The copper-tungsten alloy contains preferably 5 to 30 wt. % of copper, 0.002 to 0.04 wt. % of phosphor, the remaining portion being substantially all tungsten, and it is preferable to contain in these alloys 0.1 to 0.5% of cobalt, nickel or iron or else any combined two out of these three.

Abstract: Grain growth inhibitors including vanadium carbide, chromium carbide, tantalum carbide, and niobium carbide are incorporated into a cobalt/tungsten carbide matrix during the formation of the cobalt/tungsten carbide matrix. A precursor powder is formed by combining in solution a cobalt composition, a tungsten composition and a grain growth inhibiting metal composition, which is then spray dried. The precursor compound is then carburized in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to form cobalt/tungsten carbide matrix. This is then further carburized in a hydrocarbon hydrogen gas at an elevated temperature to cause the grain growth inhibiting metal present to form the carbide. The second carburizing step is conducted with a carburizing gas having a carbon activity greater than about 2 for a relatively short period of time at 900.degree. C. to 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A boron-modified molybdenum silicide material having the composition comprising about 80 to about 90 weight % Mo, about 10 to about 20 weight % Si, and about 0.1 to about 2 weight % B and a multiphase microstructure including Mo.sub.5 Si.sub.3 phase as at least one microstructural component effective to impart good high temperature creep resistance. The boron-modified molybdenum silicide material is fabricated into such products as electrical components, such as resistors and interconnects, that exhibit oxidation resistance to withstand high temperatures in service in air as a result of electrical power dissipation, electrical resistance heating elements that can withstand high temperatures in service in air and other oxygen-bearing atmospheres and can span greater distances than MoSi.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to high purity chromium metal suitable for deposition onto a semiconductor wafer or other substrate by sputtering. The high purity chromium metal is produced by a process that increases productivity, expands melting capability and provides consistent high purity chromium by reducing contamination by the dissolution of crucible material. The present invention provides high purity chromium by the addition of chromium oxide (Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3) to molten chromium to control oxygen content in the chromium thereby producing high purity chromium ingots and protecting the ceramic crucibles from chemical attach by the liquid chromium.

Abstract: A titanium silicide material based on Ti.sub.5 Si.sub.3 intermetallic compound exhibits substantially improved oxidative stability at elevated temperatures. In particular, carbon is added to a Ti.sub.5 Si.sub.3 base material in an amount (e.g. about 0.3 to about 3.6 weight % C) effective to impart substantially improved oxidative stability at elevated temperatures, such as about 1000.degree. C. Boron is added to a Ti.sub.5 Si.sub.3 base material in an amount (e.g. about 0.3 to about 3.3 weight % B) to this same end.

Abstract: A part of a light-water reactor, for example, a cladding for a light-water reactor has at least a portion made of an intermetallic compound, such as Ni.sub.3 Al, Ni.sub.2 Al.sub.3, TiAl, Ti.sub.3 Al, Pt.sub.2 Si, PtSi, FeAl.sub.2, CoAl, and MoSi.sub.2, thereby having limited irradiation degradation by fast neutrons, improved ductility and usability at high temperatures the intermetallic compound is produced by a process comprising a step of irradiating the intermetallic compound with at least one selected from the group consisting of a neutron, a light ion, and an electron. The intermetallic compound may contain a twin and a third additional element segregatedly present or forms a second phase at or near to a grain boundary.

Abstract: A chromium target is disclosed for use in the formation of chromium films or sheets of reduced thickness by means of sputtering. The target has a recrystallized structure represented by the equation, A/B.ltoreq.0.6, where A is the diffraction intensity of the (110) planes as determined by X-ray diffraction of a sputtered surface, and B is the diffraction intensity as determined from the sum of the (110), (200) and (211) planes. The target preferably has a deflective strength of above 500 MPa and an average crystal grain of below 50 .mu.m. The chromium target is produced by subjecting a starting chromium material to at least one stage of plastic working at a temperature of not higher than 1,000.degree. C., and subsequently by heat-treating the resulting chromium material for recrystallization at a temperature of higher than the recrystallization temperature of the chromium material but not higher than 1,200.degree. C.

Abstract: An electrically addressable, integrated, monolithic, micromirror device (10) is formed by the utilization of sputtering techniques, including various metal and oxide layers, photoresists, liquid and plasma etching, plasma stripping and related techniques and materials. The device (10) includes a selectively electrostatically deflectable mass or mirror (12) of supported by one or more beams (18) formed by sputtering and selective etching. The beams (18) are improved by being constituted of an impurity laden titanium-tungsten layer (52) with an impurity such as nitrogen, which causes the beams to have lattice constant different from TiW. The improved beams (18) exhibit increased strength, and decreased relaxation and creep.

Abstract: Molybdenum alloys are provided with enhanced oxidation resistance. The alloys are prepared by the addition of silicon and boron in amounts defined by the area of a ternary system phase diagram bounded by the points Mo-1.0% Si-0.5% B, Mo-1.0% Si-4.0% B, Mo-4.5% Si-0.5% B, and Mo-4.5% Si-4.0 B. The resultant alloys have mechanical properties similar to other high temperature molybdenum alloys while possessing a greatly enhanced resistance to oxidation at high temperature. The alloys are composed of a matrix of body centered cubic molybdenum surrounding discrete intermetallic phases. A variety of alloying elements are added to the base composition to modify the alloy properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to the application of molybdenum alloys, which are superficially hardened by means of nitriding, for female dies and comparable construction components for extruding light and nonferrous metals. It is possible through the application of these materials to achieve distinct improvements over the materials used heretofore with respect to the tool life, extrusion rate and surface quality of the extruded material.

Abstract: A molybdenum-based composite powder for thermal spray applications. The composite powder includes a molybdenum-chromium, molybdenum-tungsten, or molybdenum-tungsten-chromium alloy dispersion strengthened with molybdenum carbide (Mo.sub.2 C). The molybdenum-based composite powder may be combined with a nickel-based or cobalt-based alloy to form a two-phase powder blend. The coatings from such powders are made up of molybdenum-based alloy lamellae and, in the two-phase embodiments, nickel-based or cobalt-based alloy lamellae. The coatings exhibit improved corrosion resistance and strength while retaining good sprayability.

Abstract: High temperature melting molybdenum-chromium-silicon alloys having good high temperature strength and specific stiffness are described which comprise Mo--Cr--Si alloys in the Mo-rich (Mo, Cr)--(Mo, Cr).sub.3 Si two-phase field.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of at least one element selected from the group of Al and Cr and at least one element selected from refractory metals of Mo. W, Nb and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy oxidation resistance.

Abstract: An alloy of 3 to 9 weight percent boron with the balance molybdenum for use as a thermal spray coating for articles intended to be exposed to molten zinc.

Abstract: Dense monolithic SiC or SiC ceramic composites are strongly bonded using brazing compositions which, in their preferred composition, include a braze alloy consisting essentially of less than 50 weight percent silicon and at least two metals from the group of Fe, Cr, Co and V and produce a joint suitable for use in a high neutron flux environment. Brazing is carried out at a temperature of about 1200.degree. to 1500.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere and is complete in about 15 minutes. Broadly, a genus of brazing compounds are disclosed which include between about 10 and about 45 weight percent silicon and at least two elements selected from the following group: Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, P, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Rb, Y, Sb, Te, Cs, Pr, Nd, Ta, W and Tl.

Abstract: A molybdenum-rhenium alloy having an excellent low temperature ductility paired with an excellent high temperature strength. The alloy consists, essentially in % by weight, of 42 up to <45% Re, up to 3% each of W, Y, Rh, Sc, Si, Ta, Tb, V, Nb or Zr at which the sum of said elements is no greater than about 5%, the remainder being Mo besides normally present impurities.

Abstract: A hard facing chromium-base alloy consisting essentially of 30.0 to 48.0% by weight of nickel. 1.5 to 15.0% by weight of tungsten and/or 1.0 to 6.5% by weight of molybdenum, the balance being more than 40.0% by weight of chromium, and the maximum sum of tungsten and molybdenum being 15.0% by weight. The alloy may also contain one or more of iron, cobalt, carbon, boron, aluminum, silicon, niobium and titanium. When the alloy is used in powder form as a material for hard facing by welding, the alloy may further contain 0.01 to 0.12% by weight of aluminum, yttrium, misch metal, titanium, zirconium and hafnium. 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of oxygen may also be added to the alloy. The alloy has a high degree of toughness wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The alloy can be used as a hard facing material to be applied to various objects, such as automobile engine valves.

Abstract: Disclosed are sterile surgical needles formed of alloys of tungsten and a second metal selected from the group consisting of rhenium, rhodium and iridium. The needles exhibit a tensile yield strength in excess of 250,000 psi and a tensile modulus of elasticity in excess of 45.times.10.sup.6 psi, and have advantageously high ductility. The needles have a body portion, a distal point, and a proximal suture mounting portion. Preferably the needles comprise about 3 to about 84 6 weight percent of rhenium, rhodium and/or iridium. The needles exhibit improved yield point and elastic modulus in tension.

Abstract: A material for metal components, such as bipolar plates and window foils of high-temperature fuel cell systems, has ceramic solid electrolytes made of yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide. The material includes a chromium alloy having from 3 to 10 atom % iron and from 0.5 to 5 atom % of rare earth metal and/or rare earth metal oxide, having a coefficient of thermal expansion at a temperature of 200.degree. C. amounting to from 8.5.times.10.sup.-6 to 10.5.times.10.sup.-6 per kelvin by which the temperature rises, and attaining a value at 900.degree. C. in a range from 14.times.10.sup.-6 to 15.times.10.sup.-6.

Abstract: A molybdneum, rhenium, and tungsten alloy having an improved erosion, ductility, strength and a higher recrystallization temperature. The alloy may be fabricated into equipment which is useful for manufacturing chemicals such as a hydrochlorofluorocarbon.

Abstract: An improved welding auxiliary material for producing welded joints between refractory metal parts of high-wattage electric light sources is described. The characteristic feature of the invention is that the welding auxiliary material has a porous structure surface layer sintered from a refractory metal powder having a melting point of above 2000.degree. C.

Abstract: An alloy of 3 to 9 weight percent boron with the balance molybdenum for use as a thermal spray coating for articles intended to be exposed to molten zinc.

Abstract: Cr.sub.3 Si is alloyed with molybdenum which produces a two-phase microstructure of (Cr,Mo).sub.3 Si and (Cr,Mo).sub.5 Si.sub.3. About 50 weight percent of molybdenum is present in the alloy. The alloy forms two protective oxides over a wide range of temperatures. Chromium and molybdenum oxide volatize under flowing air at high temperatures above 1200.degree. C. which facilitates the formation of SiO.sub.2 on the surface. Below 1200.degree. C. Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 is formed. The new alloy has excellent high temperature strength and creep properties.

Abstract: An improved thermal sprayable molybdenum-iron alloy powder useful for forming wear and abrasion resistant coatings having high thermal conductivity and preferably good corrosion resistance. The preferred embodiment of the alloy powder includes two distinct substantially uniformly dispersed solid solution phases of molybdenum, including a first low molybdenum concentration matrix phase and a second higher molybdenum concentration phase for forming improved dual phase molybdenum coatings. The preferred alloy powder composition includes 15-60% by weight molybdenum, 20-60% by weight iron and the preferred corrosion resistant alloy includes 3-35% by weight nickel plus chromium. A more preferred composition includes by weight 25-50% molybdenum, 4-10% chromium, 10-18% nickel and 1-3% carbon, plus silicon as required to promote fluidity and atomization. The most preferred composition comprises by weight 25-40% molybdenum, 4 to 8% chromium, 12 to 18% nickel, 1-2.5% carbon, 2-3% silicon, 0.2-1% boron and 25-50% iron.

Abstract: The specification discloses chromium-niobium alloys which exhibit improved mechanical properties at high temperatures in the range of 1250.degree. C. and improved room temperature ductility. The alloys contain a Cr.sub.2 Nb-rich intermetallic phase and a Cr-rich phase with an overall niobium concentration in the range of from about 5 to about 18 at. %. The high temperature strength is substantially greater than that of state of the art nickel-based superalloys for enhanced high temperature service. Further improvements in the properties of the compositions are obtained by alloying with rhenium and aluminum; and additional rare-earth and other elements.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing semi-finished products from sintered refractory metal alloys with a stacked microstructure, the sinter feed reshaped by at least 85% is subjected prior to recrystallization annealing to an intermediate annealing for at least 20 minutes at a temperature not less than 700.degree. C. and not greater than that at which no further recrystallization occurs. Following this intermediate annealing, the hot feed is deformed by a further 3% to 30%. The process makes it possible to manufacture semi-finished products with a good stacked microstructure and of substantially greater dimensions, or of the same dimensions and a substantially better stacked microstructure, than can be obtained with known manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A vibration-proof tungsten wire which forms, in cases where the diameter of the wire is D mm and when an electric current corresponding to 90% of the fusion current value is passed therethrough for 5 minutes, a wire havinga crystal grain boundary at which bubbles of 0.3 .mu.m or less in diameter are dispersed in bubble rows with lengths of (0.39/D).sup.2 .times.3 .mu.m or more arrayed in the wire axis direction of said crystal grain boundary, and bubbles of 0.2 .mu.m or less in diameter are randomly dispersed; anda crystal grain in which bubbles of 0.3 .mu.m or less in diameter are dispersed in rows with lengths of (0.39/D).sup.2 .times.30 .mu.m or more arrayed in the wire axis direction within said crystal grain, and bubbles of 0.2 .mu.m or less are randomly dispersed;a process for preparing the same; and a tungsten filament obtained from the above-defined wire. The doped tungsten wire of this invention possesses excellent vibration-proof property on lighting as well as high reliability.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of dispersion-strengthened alloys of the refractory metals of the 4th, 5th and 6th subgroups of the Periodic Table for application in semi-finished products or preformed parts requiring high thermal creep-resistances, involves integrating dispersion-strengthening into the process in 2-4 partial operational steps through thermal reshaping, utilizing only 3-25% strain per partial step. Annealing processes are implemented between the individual reshaping processes at temperatures, which at least during some part of the annealing process, are below the respective recrystallization temperatures of the alloy materials. The maximum deformation of the alloy materials is 75%, but is normally substantially lower. Components manufactured from the materials produced according to the process include tools used in isothermic high-temperature forging or in rotating anode X-ray tubes.

Abstract: A chromium additive of the formula: Cr.sub.x C.sub.y O.sub.z where 0.04.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.35, and 0.03.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.30 for x=1, said additive having an X ray diffraction peak at d=3.32 .ANG. (2.theta.=26.8.degree.).

Abstract: A method for producing a single crystal of chromium is disclosed, comprising sintering a chromium molding to thereby apply thereto a thermal strain and heat treating the resulting thermally strained chromium molding. The method achieves high efficiency of crystal growth and produces a single-crystal chromium molding of complicated shape.

Abstract: A nickel-based solder for high-temperatured soldered joints contains up to 15 percent by weight silicon with necessary additives of titanium, zirconium, niobium, arsenic, phosphorus, copper, zinc, indium, germanium, scandium or carbon, and is manufactured in the form or a band or ribbon by rapid quenching from a melt. The resulting rapidly quenched solder ribbon is ductile, and has a crystalline structure.

Abstract: There is provided a high-purity molybdenum target or high-purity molybdenum silicide target for LSI electrodes which comprises a high-purity metallic molybdenum having an alkali metal content of not more than 100 ppb and a radioactive element content of not more than 10 ppb. Further, a process is provided for producing such target comprising a wet purification processing followed by a series of dry processings.

Abstract: A spinodal decomposition type ternary magnetic allioy is provided which contains, by weight, 3 to 40% vanadium, 5 to 45% chromium and the balance essentially iron. Optionally the alloy may contain at least one additional element, said additional element being present individually in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight and not greater than the amount of either vanadium or chromium. The alloy is easy to work and has excellent hard or semi-hard magnetic properties comparable with those of conventional iron-chromium-cobalt alloys. Yet the alloy is low in material cost and simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

Abstract: A molybdenum-hafnium-carbon alloy is provided consisting essentially by weight of about 0.6% to about 1% Hf, about 0.045% to about 0.08% C, and the balance essentially molybdenum, the alloy being characterized such that during casting of an ingot and hot forging of a billet thereof, it has a substantially less tendency to crack compared to alloys containing Hf in excess of about 1% by weight and carbon in excess of 0.08% by weight, without substantial diminution in strength properties of said alloy at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Ni-Cr type allow materials comprising 10 to 50 atom % of Cr, 5 to 25 atom % of Al and/or Si, and the balance to make up 100 atom % of substantially pure Ni, excelling in cold workability, and exhibiting high electric resistance.These alloy materials possess very high electric resistance and small electrical resistance temperature coefficients over a wide temperature range from room temperature to elevated temperatures, and have excellent cold workability, mechanical properties, durability, ability to resist oxidation, corrosion, and fatigue as well as strain gauge sensitivity. The alloys are very useful as industrial materials of varying types including electrical resistors, precision resistors, and electrically heating wires used at elevated temperatures and bracing materials, reinforcing materials, and corrosionproofed materials used at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A molybdenum board which has excellent strength at high temperatures. The molybdenum board consists essentially of molybdenum recrystallized grains having a ratio L/W (L: length; W: width) of 2 or more and the width W of 5 to 1,000 .mu.m and containing 0.005 to 0.75% by weight of at least one element selected from Al, Si and K.

Abstract: Large crystal grains or a single crystal of molybdenum composed of molybdenum and at least one trace element selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, the amount of the trace element being 0.003 to 0.12 atomic percent based on the total amount of the components of the large crystal grains or single crystal, and a process for producing large crystal grains or a single crystal of molybdenum, which comprises working at a temperature of 900.degree. to 1500.degree. C. a polycrystalline material composed of molybdenum and 0.003 to 0.12 atomic percent, based on the total amount of the components of the material, of at least one trace element selected from the group consisting of calcium and magnesium, and thereafter annealing the worked material in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to a temperature of at least 1800.degree. C. but below the melting point of molybdenum.

Abstract: Solid solutions of titanium, a second metal such as niobium, vanadium, and molybdenum and a third metal such as cobalt, germanium, or iron, wherein the second metal is niobium or vanadium and optionally when the second metal is molybdenum, react rapidly at room temperature obviating the need for a high temperature induction period. Solid solutions having formula (Ti.sub.1-x Nb.sub.x).sub.1-y M.sub.y wherein 0.25.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.95 and wherein y varies from at least about 0.01 to the solubility limit of M such as cobalt, germanium, or iron in said solution, are also disclosed. Hydrides of solid solution alloys of Ti/Mo/M, Ti/Nb/M and Ti/V/M are also disclosed.

Abstract: A molybdenum-based alloy improved in mechanical strength and hot workability, which consists of 0.01 to 5.0% by weight of vanadium, 10 to 100 ppm of boron, 10 to 1,000 ppm of carbon, and the balance of molybdenum.

Abstract: A chrome-tantalum thin film resistor having a chrome-tantalum alloy thin film containing 10 to 95 atomic % of chrome. By subjecting this chrome-tantalum alloy thin film to heat treatment at temperatures not higher than 900.degree. C., a stable resistor can be obtained. Alternatively, by forming the chrome-tantalum alloy thin film on a substrate which is preheated at temperatures not higher than 900.degree. C., the temperature coefficient of resistance of the resistor can be improved so that a stable resistor can be obtained.