Abstract: A method for manufacturing an austempered ductile cast iron and a product made from the austempered ductile cast iron manufactured by the method are disclosed. In the method for manufacturing an austempered ductile cast iron, spheroidizing agent and primary inoculant are added to a raw molten metal to create homogeneous spheroidal graphite creation in a deep part of a matrix and the raw molten metal to which the spheroidizing agent and the primary inoculant are added is injected into a mold to which secondary inoculant is locally applied, to micronize spheroidal graphite of a local structure coated with the secondary inoculant into fine graphite that is easy to machine, thereby enhancing workability as compared with a conventional austempered ductile cast iron.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide: a slide member in which the bonding strength between a Bi-containing copper alloy layer and a substrate is enhanced; and a method for manufacturing the slide member. The slide member according to the present invention has a substrate and a copper alloy layer. The copper alloy layer comprises a copper alloy containing 4.0-25.0 mass % of Bi and has a structure in which Bi phases are scattered in a copper alloy structure. The volume ratio of Bi phases in the region of the copper alloy layer extending 10 ?m from the bonding interface with the substrate is not more than 2.0%. The slide member is manufactured by casting a molten copper alloy onto the substrate and causing the copper alloy to unidirectionally solidify.

Abstract: A heat-resistant Al—Cu—Mg—Ag alloy for producing semi-finished parts or products, which is suitable for use at elevated temperatures and has good static and dynamic strength properties combined with an improved creep resistance and comprises: 0.3-0.7% by weight of silicon (Si), not more than 0.15% by weight of iron (Fe), 3.5-4.7% by weight of copper (Cu), 0.05-0.5% by weight of manganese (Mn), 0.3-0.9% by weight magnesium (Mg), 0.02-0.15% by weight of titanium (Ti), 0.03-0.25% by weight of zirconium (Zr), 0.1-0.7% by weight of silver (Ag), 0.03-0.5% by weight of scandium (Sc), 0.03-0.2% by weight of vanadium (V), not more than 0.05% by weight of others, individually, not more than 0.15% by weight of others, total, balance aluminum, is described. A process for producing a semi-finished part or product composed of the above-mentioned aluminum alloy is described.

Abstract: A process for producing a high strength, homogeneous copper-nickel-tin alloy with high strength includes preparing a molten mixture of copper, nickel, and tin; pressure assist casting the molten mixture to form a casting; and thermally treating the casting. Novel combinations of properties can be attained for the alloy.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a process for semi-continuous or continuous production of a solid object from a molten metal, with the potential of being a cleaner and less expensive alternative to complicated split mold processes currently used. The embodiments can be used to perform multiple melt/pour cycles without breaking vacuum, with the system only opened to remove the solid object via an air lock, e.g., a separate chamber or load lock, which will be periodically opened to remove feedstock without breaking the vacuum of the process chamber. Embodiments also relate to an apparatus for semi-continuous or continuous production of a solid object from a molten metal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at metal alloys that are capable of forming spinodal glass matrix microconstituent structure. The alloys are iron based and include nickel, boron, silicon and optionally chromium. The alloys exhibit ductility and relatively high tensile strengths and may be in the form of sheet, ribbon, wire, and/or fiber. Applications for such alloys are described.

Abstract: To carry out a rotational casting method of preparing a silicon eutectic alloy composition, silicon and one or more metallic elements M are melted together to form a eutectic alloy melt comprising the silicon and the one or more metallic elements M. A mold containing the eutectic alloy melt is rotated about a longitudinal axis thereof at a speed sufficient to form a rotating volume of the eutectic alloy melt in contact with an inner surface of the mold. Heat is directionally removed from the rotating volume of the eutectic alloy melt to directionally solidify the eutectic alloy melt, and a eutectic alloy composition, which includes the silicon, the one or more metallic elements M, and a eutectic aggregation of a first phase comprising the silicon and a second phase of formula MSi2, where the second phase is a disilicide phase, is formed.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing a rotor which is made by welding together disk-shaped and/or drum-shaped elements, in particular disks, wherein a device is used to join the disks together axially in sequence along a longitudinal axis and the disks are welded in a two-stage welding process. As they are joined together, the disks are stacked axially in the vertical direction. A first welding process takes place in a vertical orientation of the stacked disks, followed by a second welding process in a horizontal orientation of the stacked disks.

Abstract: A ferrous seal sliding part excellent in heat crack resistance, seizing resistance and abrasion resistance is provided. The ferrous seal sliding part having a seal sliding surface, wherein the seal sliding surface has a martensite parent phase which forms a solid solution with carbon of 0.15 to 0.6 wt % and contains a first dispersion material of at least either cementite of 5 to 70% by volume or MC-type carbide of 0.1 to 10% by volume and a second dispersion material of at least either graphite of 1 to 15% by volume or Cu alloy phase of 1 to 20% by volume dispersed therein, with a total content of the first dispersion material and the second dispersion material being 5 to 70% by volume.

Abstract: A method by which properties of a component (18) formed of a ductile iron alloy and having thick sections can be promoted with an austempering process. The method entails casting a ductile iron alloy containing iron, carbon, silicon and alloying constituents. The casting is solidified at a rate that inhibits segregation of the alloying constituents to grain boundaries of the casting, and so that the casting contains graphite nodules having a count of greater than 100 nodules per mm2. The casting is then austempered by heating to an austenitization temperature to yield a microstructure having a single-phase matrix of austenite that contains carbon, and then quenching the casting to an austempering temperature. The casting is held at the austempering temperature for a duration sufficient to yield a microstructure whose matrix is mostly ausferrite and essentially free of martensite and pearlite.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at metal alloys that are capable of forming spinodal glass matrix microconstituent structure. The alloys are iron based and include nickel, boron, silicon and optionally chromium. The alloys exhibit ductility and relatively high tensile strengths and may be in the form of sheet, ribbon, wire, and/or fiber. Applications for such alloys are described.

Abstract: A method for producing an outer layer for a roll having a structure having MC carbide dispersed at an area ratio of 20-60%, comprising the steps of (1) centrifugally casting a melt having a composition comprising, by mass, 2.2-6.0% of C, 0.1-3.5% of Si, 0.1-3.5% of Mn, and 8-22% of V, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurity elements, to produce a cylindrical body comprising an inner layer having concentration MC carbide, an MC-carbide-poor outer layer, and a concentration gradient layer between the inner layer and the outer layer, in which the area ratio of MC carbide changes, and (2) cutting the cylindrical body to a depth at which the area ratio of MC carbide is 20% or more.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a centrifugally cast pole having a substantially uniform wall thickness along the long axis of the pole. During centrifugal casting, molten metal is poured inside a rotating, tapered mold. As chilled liquid is poured over the outside of the rotating mold, the metal forms, or paints, to the contour of the mold interior creating a metal pole. By precisely controlling casting gyrations such as the spin, travel, pitch, and yaw of the rotating mold and the calibration and physical mechanisms of the casting machine, hollow, tapered, tubular metal poles are produced with previously unknown uniformity of wall thickness. The controlling principles, designs, and mechanisms of this centrifugal casting method enable wall uniformity to extremely high tolerances. By extension, the ability to precisely control the metal volume painted inside the mold allows, as a design choice, wall thickness variation in any embodiment if so desired.

Abstract: A heat-resistant magnesium alloy is for casting, and includes Ca in an amount of from 1 to 15% by mass, Al in a summed amount of from 4 to 25% by mass with the amount of Ca, and the balance being Mg and inevitable impurities when the entirety is taken as 100% by mass. The heat-resistant magnesium alloy is not only inexpensive, but also effects an advantage that cracks are inhibited from occurring when being cast. For example, a process for producing heat-resistant magnesium alloy cast product includes the step of pressure pouring an alloy molten metal, which has a target composition around Mg—3% Ca—3% Al—from 0.2 to 0.3% Mn, into a cavity of metallic die, which is preheated to a die temperature of from 130 to 140° C. in advance. The process makes it possible to produce die-cast products, which are free from cast cracks.

Abstract: A production of precision castings by centrifugal casting, includes the following steps: a) providing in a crucible (8) a melt of the following composition: Ti45-52 at. %Al45-50 at. %Xl1-3 at. %X22-4 at. %X30-1 at. %/ where Xl =Cr, Mn, V, X2=Nb, Ta, W, Mo, X3=Si, B, C; b) forcing the melt by means of centrifugal forces from the crucible (8) into a mold (4); c) solidifying the melt within the mold thereby creating a casting consisting of a titanium alloy having a lamellar microstructure; and d) reheating the casting for a duration of 60 to 150 hours at a temperature higher than the eutectic temperature and lower than the alpha-transus temperature of the composition.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a copper-gallium alloy sputtering target comprises forming a raw target; treating the raw target with at least one thermal treatment between 500° C.˜850° C. being mechanical treatment, thermal annealing treatment for 0.5˜5 hours or a combination thereof to form a treated target; and cooling the treated target to a room temperature to obtain the copper-gallium alloy sputtering target that has 71 atomic % to 78 atomic % of Cu and 22 atomic % to 29 atomic % of Ga and having a compound phase not more than 25% on its metallographic microstructure. Therefore, the copper-gallium alloy sputtering target does not induce micro arcing during sputtering so a sputtering rate is consistent and forms a uniform copper-gallium thin film. Accordingly, the copper-gallium thin film possesses improved quality and properties.

Abstract: The invention concerns a production of precision castings by centrifugal casting, comprising the following steps: a) providing in a crucible (8) a melt of the following composition: Ti45-52 at. %Al45-50 at. %Xl1-3 at. %X22-4 at. %X30-1 at. %/ where Xl=Cr, Mn, V, X2=Nb, Ta, W, Mo, X3=Si, B, C; b) forcing the melt by means of centrifugal forces from the crucible (8) into a mold (4); c) solidifying the melt within the mold thereby creating a casting consisting of a titanium alloy having a lamellar mi-crostructure; and d) reheating the casting for a duration of 60 to 150 hours at a temperature being higher than the eutectic temperature and lower than the alpha-transus temperature of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention is an alloy lump for R-T-B type sintered magnets, including an R2T14B columnar crystal and an R-rich phase (in which R is at least one rare earth element including Y, T is Fe or Fe with at least one transition metal element except for Fe, and B is boron or boron with carbon), in which in the as-cast state, R-rich phases nearly in the line-like or rod-like shape (the width direction of the line or rod is a short axis direction) are dispersed in the cross section, and the area percentage of the region where R2T14B columnar crystal grains have a length of 500 ?m or more in the long axis direction and a length of 50 ?m or more in the short axis direction is 10% or more of the entire alloy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rare earth magnet in the R-T-B (rare earth element-transition metal-boron) system that is made from an improved composition and properties of main phase alloy in the R-T-B system containing Pr and a boundary alloy. Disclosed also is a manufacturing method of the rare earth magnet alloy flake by a strip casting method with improved rotating rollers such that the alloy flake has a specified fine surface roughness and has a small and regulated amount of fine R-rich phase regions. Consequently, the alloy flake for the rare earth magnet does not containing ?-Fe and has a homogeneous morphology so that the rare earth magnet formed by sintering or bonding the alloy flakes exhibits excellent magnetic properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a casting method which employs rapid solidification of metal, rare-earth metal or the like, as well as to a casting apparatus and a cast alloy. A centrifugal casting method includes the steps of pouring a molten material onto a rotary body; sprinkling the molten material by the effect of rotation of the rotary body; and causing the sprinkled molten material to be deposited and to solidify on the inner surface of a rotating cylindrical mold. The axis of rotation of the rotary body and the axis of rotation of the cylindrical mold are caused not to run parallel to each other. The centrifugal casting method can attain a decrease in average deposition rate. As a result, generation of the dendritic &agr;Fe phase or generation of a segregation phase of Mn or the like is suppressed, thereby realizing a high-performance R-T-B-type rare-earth magnet alloy.

Abstract: To identify and manufacture metallic glass forming alloys, large inertial forces or “g”-forces are used to sequentially separate crystalline phases (particles) as they sequentially form and grow in a molten alloy during gradual cooling of the alloy below its liquidus temperature. These forces physically remove and isolate the actual crystalline particles from the remaining liquid as they are formed. Under the influence of a large g-force, this is accomplished by rapid and efficient sedimentation and stratification. Further contamination and nascent solid “debris” in the form of oxides, carbides, or other foreign particles can be removed from the molten alloy using the same sedimentation/stratification technique. Finally, a method of efficiently cooling and solidifying the final low melting stratified and decontaminated liquid into a solid glass component is proposed which utilizes convective heat transport by a cooling gas.

Abstract: The casting porosity of an unwrought casting made from an alloy having a large difference between its liquidus and solidus temperatures is reduced by subjecting the casting to hot isostatic pressing.

Abstract: A article that is formed from high carbon steel has a circumferential surface that is hardened for the full circumference of the surface without a softened tempered segment in the surface. To this end, the article is heated until its temperature exceeds the Ms temperature for the high carbon steel, but only by 50° F. to 100° F. Then, while the article is maintained above the Ms temperature, a small localized area of the circumferential surface is subjected to a focused heat source which elevates the temperature of the steel at that area of the circumferential surface and immediately behind it above the lower critical temperature for the steel, so that at least some of the steel at the area transforms into austenite. The article rotates relative to the focused heat source, so that the localized area progresses over the entire circumferential surface, thus converting the steel along the entire surface into austenite.

Abstract: A plain bearing for necks of rolls of rolling mills includes a bearing bushing of metal and a plain bearing alloy introduced into the bushing. The plain bearing alloy is based on tin with antimony and copper and contains of 6.8 to 7.2 percent by weight antimony, 6.3 to 6.7 percent by weight copper, 0.5 to 0.7 percent by weight zinc, 0.05 to 0.15 percent by weight silver, and tin as the remainder, and wherein the plain bearing alloy is applied to an inner mantle of a pre-heated bearing bushing as a rough layer thickness of 4 to 5 mm by centrifugal casting.

Abstract: A method for producing a cast aluminum alloy article having high strength and/or toughness is provided. The method includes providing a molten aluminum alloy, centrifugally casting the molten aluminum alloy to form a cast body; and hot isostatically processing the cast body to form a hipped body. The hipped body may optionally be solution heat treated to form a heat treated body, which may subsequently be precipitation hardened to further enhance the properties of the cast product as desired. The method allows the production of cast aluminum alloy articles having physical and mechanical properties similar to those obtained for articles produced from corresponding aluminum alloy chemistries by wrought techniques.

Abstract: Master alloy with 20-80% strontium, preferably 0.01-2.0% of aluminum and/or copper, and the balance essentially zinc plus impurities, and a method for preparing same and a method for modifying the microstructure of nonferrous alloys with said master alloy.

Abstract: A method of making an engineering ferrous metal comprising the steps of adding to liquid engineering ferrous metal solid alloy carbide particles and thereafter permitting the ferrous metal to solidify. The alloy carbide particles are coated with iron or an iron alloy to allow wetting to occur between the powder and the liquid ferrous metal and the particles have a density which matches that of the ferrous metal to provide a uniform distribution of the carbide particles in the ferrous metal. A roll may be made having at least a shell made of metal by such a method by centrifugal casting or electroslag remelting.

Abstract: A high-strength and high-toughness aluminum-based alloy having a composition represented by the general formula: Al.sub.a Ni.sub.b X.sub.c M.sub.d Q.sub.e, wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Mm, Ti and Zr; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Y, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta and W; Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Si, Cu and Zn; and a, b, c, d and e are, in atomic percentage, 83.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.94,3, 5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.10, 0.5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.3, 0.1.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.2, and 0.1.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.2. The aluminum-based alloy has a high strength and an excellent toughness and can maintain the excellent characteristics provided by a quench solidification process even when subjected to thermal influence at the time of working. In addition, it can provide an alloy material having a high specific strength by virtue of minimized amounts of elements having a high specific gravity to be added to the alloy.

Abstract: A one-piece steering wheel is formed as a unitary casting from an alloy that includes 11.5% to 14% by weight silicon, and 350 to 450 parts per million strontium. Preferably the steering wheel mold is rotated during casting at relatively high rotational speeds exerting 100 g to 250 g force on the wheel. An optimum rotational speed is disclosed. A one-piece steering wheel formed according to the invention exhibits minimal length ferro-silicon hair-like strands, and thus exhibits reduced brittleness.

Abstract: A high strength aluminum alloy is expressed by a general formula, Al.sub.a X.sub.b Mm.sub.c, in which "X" stands for at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zr, "Mm" stands for a misch metal, a content "a" of aluminum falls in a range of from 95.2 to 97.5 atomic %, and a content "b" of "X" and a content "c" of the "Mm" fall in a hatched area enclosed by points "A," "B," "C" and "D" of accompanying FIG. 1 on atomic % basis, and whose metallic phase includes microcrystalline phases or mixed phases containing amorphous phases in a volume content of less than 50% and the balance of microcrystalline phases. As a result, the amorphous phases or the microcrystalline phases are dispersed uniformly in its base microcrystalline phases appropriately, and at the same time the thus generating base microcrystalline phases are reinforced by forming solid solutions including the "Mm" and the transition metal element "X" as well.

Abstract: A vacuum centrifugally cast combustion liner suitable for use in a gas turbine engine operating at temperatures ranging from ambient up to about 1700.degree. F. is provided. The combustion liner is formed by centrifugally vacuum casting a precipitation hardened nickel-based superalloy having controlled, low amounts of aluminum and titanium. The combustion liner is characterized by a homogeneous grain structure having enhanced strength and creep resistance particularly at elevated temperatures. In addition, the preferred elemental composition, particularly the relatively small amounts of aluminum and titanium, enhance the weldability and overall manufacturability of the combustion liner.

Abstract: Worm gearing having improved wear and strength properties comprises a Cu, 8.0-13.0 w/o Sn, 3.5-5.0 w/o Ni alloy aged in the as-cast condition to strengthen the dendritic microstructural constituent (e.g., alpha phase) while retaining the as-cast, relatively hard interdendritic constituents. The overall Ni concentration of the alloy does not exceed about 5 w/o and the Ni concentration across individual as-cast dendrites is decreased at the dendrite edges (grain boundaries) to hinder formation of a discontinuous, embrittling grain boundary product that is deleterious to these properties.