Abstract: A bearing bushing for a track has an annular shape including an inner peripheral surface, an outer peripheral surface, a first end face, and a second end face located axially opposite the first end face. The bearing bushing for a track includes an inner peripheral surface-side hardened layer formed to include the inner peripheral surface, an outer peripheral surface-side hardened layer formed to include the outer peripheral surface, a first end face-side hardened layer formed to include the first end face and having a region with a hardness of 63 HRC or more that has a thickness of 3 mm or more from the first end face, and an unhardened region lower in hardness than the inner peripheral surface-side hardened layer, the outer peripheral surface-side hardened layer, and the first end face-side hardened layer, and including at least the second end face. The bearing bushing is made of steel.

Abstract: A method for repairing a cylinder liner includes: placing a cylinder liner having a first inner diameter and a first outer diameter into a cavity of a confinement, the cavity including a cavity inner diameter that is substantially the same as the first outer diameter of the cylinder liner; heating the cylinder liner to a temperature at which the cylinder liner undergoes plastic deformation, causing the first inner diameter of the cylinder liner to decrease; and cooling the cylinder liner. The cooled cylinder liner has a second inner diameter that is less than the first inner diameter. An apparatus for repairing a cylinder liner includes a confinement having a cavity and a fluid passageway for controlling the temperature of the confinement, and a heating block for heating the cylinder liner when the cylinder liner is inserted into the cavity.

Abstract: An embodiment includes a method, comprising: applying an overlay material to a portion of a rotatable shaft; directing a pulse of laser energy to contact the overlay material to produce a shock wave; and re-positioning one or more of the portion of the rotatable shaft and the pulse of laser energy to contact the overlay material at different positions to create a laser peened surface on the portion of the rotatable shaft; the pulse of laser energy comprising a pulse sufficient to create the laser peened surface having residual compressive stress to a depth exceeding about 3 mm. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a Cu alloy conductor includes the steps of: adding and dissolving In of 0.1-0.7 weight % to a Cu matrix containing oxygen of 0.001-0.1 weight % (10-1000 weight ppm) to form a molten Cu alloy, performing a continuous casting with the molten Cu alloy, rapidly quenching a casting material to a temperature by at least 15° C. or more lower than a melting point of molten Cu alloy, controlling the casting material at a temperature equal to or lower than 900° C., and performing a plurality of hot rolling processes to the casting material such that a temperature of a final hot rolling is within a range of from 500 to 600° C. to form the rolled material.

Abstract: A bearing component formed from a bearing steel, wherein the component has an outer surface and comprises through-hardened bainite and/or martensite and has a substantially homogeneous chemical composition, at least a part of the bearing component having a compressive residual stress profile comprising ?25 to ?1000 MPa at the near surface, wherein the near surface is defined as a region 500 microns or less below the outer surface.

Abstract: An induction heat treatment method with which temperature control is enabled, condition setting is easy, and the quality of a treatment object can be stabilized includes: a data acquiring step of heating and quench-hardening a sample of the treatment object to thereby acquire process data; a storing step of storing the process data; a checking step of checking the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data as to validity based on the temperature transition data stored in the storing step; and a mass production step of performing heat treatment of the treatment object in accordance with the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data stored in the storing step and checked as to validity in the checking step.

Abstract: A heat treatment method is capable of molding, by mobile quenching of induction quenching, an outer joint member of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint having excellent strength without forming hardened layers in larger radially-inner portions. Mobile quenching is performed in such a manner that a high-frequency induction heating coil is moved in an axial direction relative to an outer joint member, and thus hardened layers are formed on the roller guide surfaces. Magnetic field line cut-out bodies for cutting out generated magnetic field lines are arranged on the high-frequency induction heating coil. The larger radially-inner portions become an unquenched portion by cutting out the magnetic field lines with the magnetic field line cut-out bodies.

Abstract: A brake lining comprises a lining support plate, an underlayer material and a friction lining. The brake lining is clamped between a pressure plate and a holding fixture, which forms a hole matrix and inside of which electrodes are accommodated. A power supply is connected to the electrodes. The adjacent electrodes have different polarities. A current flow is produced between adjacent electrodes as a result of the different polarities. The field lines extend in the shape of an arch. An arrangement of this type permits the friction lining to be scorched. For hardening, a potential gradient can also be applied between the electrodes and the support plate. The current then flows and the entire friction lining is permeated. This results in a homogenous heating of the friction lining. The invention enables an efficient hardening of the friction lining. It is also possible to conduct a hardening and scorching simultaneously. The invention also enables the friction lining to be pressed during the heat treatment.

Abstract: An induction heat treatment method with which temperature control is enabled, condition setting is easy, and the quality of a treatment object can be stabilized includes: a data acquiring step of heating and quench-hardening a sample of the treatment object to thereby acquire process data; a storing step of storing the process data; a checking step of checking the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data as to validity based on the temperature transition data stored in the storing step; and a mass production step of performing heat treatment of the treatment object in accordance with the power supply output transition data and the quenching timing data stored in the storing step and checked as to validity in the checking step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a material of a kick-down drum comprising fine ferrite and microdispersion spheroidized cementite for an automobile also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the kick-down drum material. The kick-down drum of this invention can greatly improve hardenability and durability of the spline member and also has advantages of reducing production costs due to a simplified process of adding only a heating process.

Abstract: A brake lining comprises a lining support plate, an underlayer material and a friction lining. The brake lining is clamped between a pressure plate and a holding fixture, which forms a hole matrix and inside of which electrodes are accommodated. A power supply is connected to the electrodes. The adjacent electrodes have different polarities. A current flow is produced between adjacent electrodes as a result of the different polarities. The field lines extend in the shape of an arch. An arrangement of this type permits the friction lining to be scorched. For hardening, a potential gradient can also be applied between the electrodes and the support plate. The current then flows and the entire friction lining is permeated. This results in a homogenous heating of the friction lining. The invention enables an efficient hardening of the friction lining. It is also possible to conduct a hardening and scorching simultaneously. The invention also enables the friction lining to be pressed during the heat treatment.

Abstract: A planetary carrier supports pinion gears of a planetary gear set via pinion shafts. Each hole in which a pinion shaft is mounted has a shallow hardened wall surface that is hardened by very-high-frequency induction heating and quenching. Therefore, the durability of the pinion shaft-supporting holes of a cold-forged piece or a pressed piece can be improved without thermal strain.

Abstract: A blank for disc is heat treated for adjusting a surface hardness thereof to not less than Hv700. The blank has a spline hole thereof heated by high frequency heating while cooling a race thereof. Subsequently, the spline hole is subjected to slow cooling. Thus is obtained a disc having a surface hardness of not less than Hv700 at the race, and a surface hardness of not more than Hv600 at the spline hole, the disc wherein at least a thin portion is varied in hardness between a hardened layer of a bottom of the spline hole and a hardened layer of the race by an amount of not less than Hv20 per 1-mm depth.

Abstract: A ferrite core partly covered with ceramics members is loaded into an oil hole defined in a pin, and high-frequency induction hardening is effected on the pin while the ferrite core is being held in position by copper wires. At the same time, a magnetic field is generated from the ferrite core to produce a high-frequency induction hardened layer having progressively spreading skirt regions extending from a position in the vicinity of a center in an axial direction of the oil hole toward openings in ends of the oil hole.

Abstract: A method of forming an elongated tubular blank into a tubular structural component having a predetermined outer configuration, the method comprising: providing a shape imparting shell formed from a low permeability, rigid material which includes an inner surface defining the predetermined shape, plugging the open ends of the tubular blank, placing the plugged blank into the shell, and forming the tubular blank into the tubular component by inductively heating axial portions of the blank by axially spaced conductors adjacent the shell while or before forcing gas at a high pressure into the plugged blank until the blank conforms to at least a portion of the inner surface of the shell to form the structural component.

Abstract: A method of hardening a work piece having (i) an outer surface, (ii) an inner surface which defines a passageway extending through the work piece, and (iii) an end. The method includes the steps of (A) advancing the work piece through a first induction coil such that a first hardened area is formed on the work piece, (B) advancing a second induction coil into the passageway of the work piece such that a second hardened area is formed on the work piece, and (C) positioning a third induction coil adjacent to the end of the work piece such that a third hardened area is formed on the work piece. The positioning the third induction coil step is performed after (i) the advancing the work piece through the first induction coil step and (ii) the advancing a second induction coil into the passageway step.

Abstract: A method and apparatus disclosed for cost-effective net shape precision ausform finishing the engagement surfaces of ball and roller bearings, for enhancing the surface strength and durability of bearing inner and outer races. The method consists of induction heating to austenitize the contacting surface layers of rolling element bearing races, followed by martempering (or marquenching), and then net shape roll finishing of the induction heated contacting surface layers in the metastable austenitic condition to finished dimensional accuracy requirements, and finally cooling to martensite. The apparatus utilizes a fixed vertical through-feed axis for the workpiece bearing race with capability for rotation and linear up and down positioning motion, and two coordinated and controlled laterally-moving infeed axes for roll finishing tooling dies.

Abstract: Conventional methods for heat treating cylindrical components such as track bushings involve multiple steps. For example, many such methods consist of carburizing, cooling, induction-hardening, quenching, and tempering. The conventional methods have proved to be costly because different heat treating apparatus are required. This causes duplicate handling and wasted manufacturing time. The present invention provides a method and apparatus 30 for heat treating a bushing 10 simultaneously from an outer peripheral surface and the pair of inner circumferential surfaces.

Abstract: An outer ring of an axle bearing is heat-treated and a through hole can be formed quickly and reliably. The outer ring has raceways on its inner periphery along which rolling elements roll. A through hole for mounting an antilock brake sensor is formed in the outer ring to extend from its outer periphery to the inner periphery. A plug is inserted into the hole thus formed. After hardening the raceways, the plug is pulled out of the hole. Since the hole is formed before hardening the raceways, it can be formed easily by drilling with an ordinary carbon steel tool. Since the raceways are hardened after inserting the rod-shaped metal plug into the hole 9, the heat produced during hardening will disperse through the plug. It is thus possible to prevent shoulder portions of the raceways from melting due to overheating.

Abstract: An induction heating coil for forming a hardened layer in the inner wall of an external cylindrical member to be heated is disclosed. On the inner wall of the conductive induction member, a plurality of recess portions are formed at predetermined spaces circumferentially. The portions of the inner wall of the external cylindrical member to be heated which are opposed to the recess portions can be separately heated, in order collectively to form a plurality of separate partial hardened layers in the inner wall of the external cylindrical member to be heated circumferentially.

Abstract: A method for strengthening a pressure resistant property of a hollowed structure made of a metallic material and a pressure resistant hollowed structure made by such method. The method includes providing a temperature differential in a thickness direction between an outer side and an inner side of the metallic material with an arranged sufficient to generate a stress not exceeding a yielding stress of the metallic material. The outer side and inner side are pressurized so as to superimposed a stress generated by the pressurizing and the stress caused by the temperature differential reaching the yielding stress of the metallic material. The pressure is released subsequent to the superimposed stress reaching a level of the yielding stress of the metallic material.