Electric Heating With Work As Conductor (e.g., Alternating Current, Induction, Etc.) Patents (Class 148/566)
- Wire or filament (Class 148/568)
- Railway stock (e.g., rails, wheels, axles, etc.) (Class 148/569)
- Of hollow bodies (e.g., pipe, sphere, etc.) (Class 148/570)
- Rod, axle, shaft, or roller (Class 148/572)
- Gear, threaded article, drill or serrated work surface (e.g., saw blade, etc.) (Class 148/573)
- And cooling with fluid contact (Class 148/574)
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Patent number: 11473163Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the heat treatment of a metal component. The method comprises at least the following steps: a) heating the component, in a first furnace, b) setting a temperature difference between at least a first sub-region and a second sub-region of the component in a first temperature-adjusting station, c) heating at least the first sub-region or the second sub-region of the component in a second furnace, d) thermally treating at least a sub-region of the component in a second temperature-adjusting station, e) at least partly forming and/or cooling the component in a press-hardening tool.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 2018Date of Patent: October 18, 2022Assignee: SCHWARTZ GmbHInventors: Frank Wilden, Jörg Winkel, Andreas Reinartz
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Patent number: 10920296Abstract: A method for producing an alloy steel composition includes the following steps: performing a first heat treatment on an alloy steel composition and maintaining for a first time period to soften the alloy steel composition; performing a first cooling treatment on the softened alloy steel composition; performing a treatment on the softened the alloy steel composition to form a workpiece; performing a second heat treatment on the workpiece and maintaining for a second time period; and performing a second cooling treatment on the workpiece to make the workpiece become to be a Bainite structure, and a cooling rate of the second cooling treatment is high than the cooling rate of the first cooling treatment.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 2017Date of Patent: February 16, 2021Assignee: ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC.Inventor: Shih-Wei Chiu
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Patent number: 10662588Abstract: A friction apparatus is provided. The friction apparatus includes: a first member having a first surface; and a second member having a second surface that contacts the first surface, and moving while in contact with the first member, wherein at least one of the first surface and the second surface is hardened.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 2016Date of Patent: May 26, 2020Assignee: KOREA RAILROAD RESEARCH INSTITUTEInventors: Yong Hyeon Cho, Jin Yu Choi, Yun Suk Kang, Joo Uk Kim
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Patent number: 10246758Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a component from transformable steel by hot forming, in which a plate first is cut out of a strip or sheet as the pre-material, and is then heated to forming temperature and pre-formed, having an at least partially martensitic transformation structure after forming. Instead of a press mold hardening, the at least partially martensitic transformation structure is created in the pre-material, or in the plate to be formed, by austenitization and quenching already before forming, and then the thus-conditioned plate is reheated after forming, while maintaining the at least partially martensitic transformation structure, to a temperature below the Ac1 transformation temperature, and formed at this temperature.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 2013Date of Patent: April 2, 2019Assignee: SALZGITTER FLACHSTAHL GMBHInventors: Friedrich Luther, Thomas Evertz, Stefan Muetze, Michael Braun
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Patent number: 9993892Abstract: A method and an apparatus for joining first and second sheet metal parts includes a support where the first and second parts are positioned with an edge of the second part surrounded by a beading flange of the first part. A joining electrode is positioned adjacent to the beading flange and a counter-electrode is positioned adjacent to the second part. An abutment of a tong-type welding apparatus in placed in contact with the support, and the joining electrode and the abutment are urged toward one another to press or clamp the beading flange between the joining electrode and the support. An electric current is applied to the beading flange using the joining electrode and the counter-electrode to weld the parts together.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 2012Date of Patent: June 12, 2018Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLCInventors: Dietmar Rotheut, Guido H. Mueller
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Patent number: 9662765Abstract: A device for electromechanically assisted roller burnishing (EMRB) may comprise: a roller burnishing tool with exactly one current-leading roller burnishing element for burnishing a workpiece, wherein the roller burnishing element represents a first electrical contact element for electrically contacting first location of the workpiece, and a second electrical contact element for electrically contacting second location of the workpiece; wherein the first and the second electrical contact elements can be positioned at a settable spatial distance to one another, so that on moving the roller burnishing element on the workpiece, a current path in the workpiece between the first and the second contact elements is always a constant length.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2013Date of Patent: May 30, 2017Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., Technische Universität BerlinInventors: Holger Hüning, Jens König, Eckart Uhlmann, Christoph König
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Patent number: 9005379Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a pipe, particularly for supplying fuel to an engine, comprising the steps of: prearranging a pipe made of stainless steel (1), executing a hot-pressing operation at at least one end (3) of the pipe (1); and subjecting the at least one end (3) of the pipe (1) to heat treatment, followed by cooling.Type: GrantFiled: June 10, 2009Date of Patent: April 14, 2015Assignee: Chesini Meccanica S.R.L.Inventor: Natale Chesini
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Publication number: 20150047753Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a component from transformable steel by hot forming, in which a plate first is cut out of a strip or sheet as the pre-material, and is then heated to forming temperature and pre-formed, having an at least partially martensitic transformation structure after forming. Instead of a press mould hardening, the at least partially martensitic transformation structure is created in the pre-material, or in the plate to be formed, by austenitisation and quenching already before forming, and then the thus-conditioned plate is reheated after forming, while maintaining the at least partially martensitic transformation structure, to a temperature below the Ac1 transformation temperature, and formed at this temperature.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 27, 2013Publication date: February 19, 2015Inventors: Friedrich Luther, Thomas Evertz, Stefan Muetze, Michael Braun
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Publication number: 20140191539Abstract: A method of forming a header extension coupling a front header and a roof side inner includes: electrically heating a part of a material to a temperature of not less than a hardening temperature such that a front header side is heated to the temperature of not less than the hardening temperature and a roof side inner side is heated to a temperature of less than the hardening temperature; and press-forming the material after the electrical heating into the shape of the header extension; and hardening the material by quenching. In this way, a vehicle structure can be provided such that the bending mode under application of a load to the roof can be appropriately controlled, and productivity can be improved.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 26, 2011Publication date: July 10, 2014Applicant: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHAInventor: Hiroshi Sato
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Patent number: 8741079Abstract: A process for forming a sheet metal component using an electric current passing through the component is provided. The process can include providing a double side incremental forming machine, the machine operable to perform a plurality of double side incremental deformations on the sheet metal component and also apply an electric direct current to the sheet metal component during at least part of the forming. The direct current can be applied before or after the forming has started and/or be terminated before or after the forming has stopped. The direct current can be applied to any portion of the sheet metal. The electrical assistance can reduce the magnitude of force required to produce a given amount of deformation, increase the amount of deformation exhibited before failure and/or reduce any springback typically exhibited by the sheet metal component.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 2011Date of Patent: June 3, 2014Assignees: The Penn State Research Foundation, Northwestern UniversityInventors: John Roth, Jian Cao
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Publication number: 20140137992Abstract: A heavy wall and high strength seamless steel pipe having high sour resistance is provided. In particular, a quenching and tempering treatment is conducted to adjust the yield strength to be higher than 450 MPa and adjust the Vickers hardness HV5 that can be measured at an outermost side or an innermost side of the pipe under a 5 kgf load (test load: 49 N) to be 250 HV5 or less.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 29, 2012Publication date: May 22, 2014Applicant: JFE Steel CorporationInventors: Yasuhide Ishiguro, Mitsuo Kimura, Kenichiro Eguchi, Hiroshi Yokogawa, Tadao Katagiri, Masahito Tanaka
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Publication number: 20140124104Abstract: A hot forming line for producing hot formed and press hardened steel sheet products, includes: a forming device; a heating device having a temperature treatment station, wherein the temperature treatment station includes an upper tool and a lower tool, and at least one temperature treatment source; and exchangeable temperature treatment plates for conductive temperature treatment of a blank or part inserted into the temperature treatment station, wherein the exchangeable temperature treatment plates are constructed for arrangement on the upper tool and/or the lower tool, and the temperature treatment source is constructed for heating or cooling the temperature treatment plates. The temperature treatment station is constructed for treating different regions of the blank or part with different temperatures by conductive contact of the temperature treatment plates with the blank of part.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 18, 2013Publication date: May 8, 2014Applicant: Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbHInventors: CARSTEN TRIPPE, DIETER WULFES, STEFAN ADELBERT, ELISABETH DANGER
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Patent number: 8616878Abstract: A heat-sensitive adhesive label manufacturing device has a thermal head for heating and thermally activating the heat-sensitive adhesive layer of a heat-sensitive adhesive sheet, and a platen roller for conveying the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet between the platen roller and the thermal head to transport the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet in a transport direction. At least one discharge roller is disposed on a downstream side of the thermal activation section and is configured to undergo rotation at a peripheral speed different from a peripheral speed of the platen roller to convey the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet in the transport direction. A guide member is disposed opposite and spaced apart from the at least one discharge roller to provide a space therebetween along which the heat-sensitive adhesive sheet is conveyed by the at least one discharge roller without being sandwiched between the at least one discharge roller and the guide member.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 2009Date of Patent: December 31, 2013Assignee: Seiko Instruments Inc.Inventors: Yoshinori Sato, Norimitsu Sanbongi, Minoru Hoshino, Shuji Tozaki
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Patent number: 8506732Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for metallurgical heat treatment of coil springs, or similarly shaped workpieces and articles of manufacture, by electric resistance heating along the entire length of the workpiece so that the ends of the workpiece can be heat treated to the same degree and quality as the section of the workpiece between its two ends.Type: GrantFiled: August 3, 2010Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: Radyne CorporationInventor: Jerry G. Warner
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Patent number: 8460483Abstract: A method for heat treatment of a coiled spring includes cold forming a coiled spring, annealing the coiled spring after the cold forming, thereby removing of residual stress generated in the cold forming, in which the annealing is performed by electric resistance heating.Type: GrantFiled: March 21, 2011Date of Patent: June 11, 2013Assignee: NHK Spring Co., Ltd.Inventors: Takashi Yajima, Hideki Okada, Katsuyuki Nishioka, Takeshi Furuse
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Patent number: 8454768Abstract: A high strength near-beta titanium alloy including, in weight %, 5.3 to 5.7% aluminum, 4.8 to 5.2% vanadium, 0.7 to 0.9% iron, 4.6 to 5.3% molybdenum, 2.0 to 2.5% chromium, and 0.12 to 0.16% oxygen with balance titanium and incidental impurities is provided. An aviation system component comprising the high strength near-beta titanium alloy, and a method for the manufacture of a titanium alloy for use in high strength, deep hardenability, and excellent ductility applications are also provided.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2012Date of Patent: June 4, 2013Assignee: Titanium Metals CorporationInventor: John Fanning
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Publication number: 20130019998Abstract: A method of cold forming titanium alloy sheet metal, the titanium alloy consisting of 5.5 to 6.75 wt % aluminium, 3.5 to 4.5 wt % vanadium and the balance titanium plus incidental impurities, the method comprising the steps of (a) heat treating at 700° C. for at least 30 minutes and (b) cold forming at room temperature. Step (b) may comprise bending the titanium alloy sheet metal using a press brake. Step (b) may comprise placing a neoprene rubber film or a rubber film between the titanium alloy sheet metal and a lower V of the press brake. Step (b) may comprise placing the titanium alloy sheet metal into the press brake such that the grain of the titanium alloy sheet metal is arranged at an angle to the bend axis of the press brake. The method reduces and preferably overcomes cracking of the titanium alloy sheet metal during cold forming.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 18, 2012Publication date: January 24, 2013Applicant: ROLLS-ROYCE PLCInventor: Antony J. MORTON
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Publication number: 20120042994Abstract: To provide a technique suitable for elevating strength and toughness of a thin low-carbon steel. By performing rapid heating and rapid cooling to a thin low-carbon steel which is an ordinary steel with a thickness of 1.2 mm or less, a steel where a microstructure becomes a duplex grain size structure mixed with crystal grains having different grain diameters, which is not homogeneous, preferably, hard phase structures are contained in addition to the duplex grain size structure is obtained, and a high-strength and high-toughness thin low-carbon steel is obtained. Further, by performing a heat treatment process involving rapid heating and rapid cooling multiple times, a duplex grain size structure of crystal grains with smaller grain diameters or a hard phase structure contained therein is obtained, so that a thin low-carbon steel with higher strength and higher toughness is obtained.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 22, 2010Publication date: February 23, 2012Applicant: Delta Tooling Co., Ltd.Inventors: Etsunori Fujita, Yumi Ogura, Seiji Kawasaki, Shigeyuki Kojima, Soichi Makita, Shigeru Maeda, Hideyuki Yamane, Seiya Yoshida
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Patent number: 8114224Abstract: An articulated structural part includes a peripheral zone. The peripheral zone includes a surface, an outermost layer situated immediately adjacent the surface, a further layer situated adjacent the outermost layer and a core situated adjacent the further layer, wherein the outermost layer is substantially martensite. The further layer includes a varying mixture of martensite and of ferrite or perlite. The core is substantially ferrite or perlite. A process for producing an articulated structural part is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 2005Date of Patent: February 14, 2012Assignee: GKN Driveline International GmbHInventors: Hans-Heinrich Welschof, Wolfgang Hildebrandt, Frank Reher
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Publication number: 20110290382Abstract: According to one embodiment, a high-strength stabilizer steel for vehicles having excellent corrosion resistance and low-temperature toughness, containing 0.07 to 0.20% C, more than 0.6% and 1.5% or less Si, 1 to 3% Mn, 0.1 to 1.0% Cr, 0.005 to 0.080% sAl, 0.005 to 0.060% Ti, 0.005 to 0.060% Nb, 0.070% or less Ti+Nb, 150 ppm or less N, 0.035% or less P, 0.035% or less S, 0.01 to 1.00% Cu, 0.01 to 1.00% Ni, the remainder being Fe, and unavoidable impurities, wherein a structure before molding a stabilizer is any one of a bainite, a martensite, and a mixed structure of bainite/martensite and an original austenitic crystal grain size number after a heat treatment of the stabilizer is Gh 9 or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 11, 2011Publication date: December 1, 2011Applicants: JFE BARS & SHAPES CORPORATION, NHK SPRING CO., LTD.Inventors: Katsuhiko KIKUCHI, Kunikazu Tomita, Yutaka Tamai, Kazuaki Hattori, Kanji Inoue, Akira Tange, Norihiko Mori, Yurika Goto, Kiyoshi Kurimoto
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Publication number: 20110232808Abstract: A method for producing a structural and/or safety-related motor vehicle component having at least one hot-formed and press-hardened part constructed from high-strength steel includes the steps of partially heat-treating a region of the motor vehicle component by heating the region to a heat-up temperature in a temperature range between 500° C. and 900° C.; maintaining the heat-up temperature for a duration of a holding time; and cooling down from the heat-up temperature in one or more phases. A body component constructed as a structural and/or safety-related motor vehicle component from a steel sheet blank that has been hot-formed and press-hardened includes joining flanges and/or coupling locations and/or safety-related parts, wherein the joining flanges, coupling locations and/or safety-related parts are partially heat-treated in several steps with the disclosed method.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 23, 2011Publication date: September 29, 2011Applicant: Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbHInventors: Markus Pellmann, Martin Pohl, Martin Schroeter, Stefan Adelbert, Otto Buschsieweke, Christian Handing
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Publication number: 20110226392Abstract: A lens barrel, an image pickup apparatus, a lens drive method and a method of producing a shape memory alloy used for the drive device are disclosed. A drive device includes: a lens group for guiding light from a subject; a shape memory alloy adopted to be deformed by an electricity supplied to the shape memory alloy, for moving the lens group in a direction of an optical axis; and electricity-supply controlling means for controlling an amount of the electricity supplied to the shape memory alloy; and a detecting means for detecting whether a movement of the lens group starts or not. In the drive device, a movement amount of the lens group in the direction of the optical axis is controlled based on the amount of electricity supplied when the detecting means detects the movement of the lens group.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 22, 2011Publication date: September 22, 2011Applicant: Konica Minolta Opto, Inc.Inventors: Saori HIRATA, Katsumi Ohtsuka, Chie Nemoto, Kenpo Tsuchiya
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Patent number: 8021501Abstract: A method for forming a sheet metal component using an electric current passing through the component is provided. The method can include providing a single point incremental forming, the machine operable to perform a plurality of single point incremental deformations on the sheet metal component and also apply an electric direct current to the sheet a metal component during at least part of the forming. The direct current can be applied before or after the forming has started and/or be terminated before or after the forming has stopped and can reduce the magnitude of force required to produce a given amount of deformation, increase the amount of deformation exhibited before failure and/or reduce any springback typically exhibited by the sheet metal component.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 2008Date of Patent: September 20, 2011Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: John Roth
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Publication number: 20110017368Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process of fabricating a steel material by performing a heat treatment to a steel material having high strength, in order to reduce hardness at one part of the steel material to less than hardness at other parts of the steel material, wherein the heat treatment comprises a heating step in which a portion having a certain depth from a surface of the steel material is rapidly heated by induction heating or direct energization heating, and a cooling step in which the steel material, which has been subject to the heating step, is rapidly cooled a predetermined time after the heating step, and a heating temperature in the heating step is Ac1 transforming point or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2010Publication date: January 27, 2011Applicants: NETUREN CO., LTD., NIPPON STEEL CORPORATIONInventors: Tsukasa Okamura, Kengo Iwanaga, Osamu Watanabe, Jun-ichi Kodama, Daisuke Hirakami, Mikiyuki Ichiba, Yoshiharu Ueki
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Publication number: 20100320317Abstract: A high strength near-beta titanium alloy including, in weight %, 5.3 to 5.7% aluminum, 4.8 to 5.2% vanadium, 0.7 to 0.9% iron, 4.6 to 5.3% molybdenum, 2.0 to 2.5% chromium, and 0.12 to 0.16% oxygen with balance titanium and incidental impurities is provided. An aviation system component comprising the high strength near-beta titanium alloy, and a method for the manufacture of a titanium alloy for use in high strength, deep hardenability, and excellent ductility applications are also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 28, 2010Publication date: December 23, 2010Applicant: TITANIUM METALS CORPORATIONInventor: John Fanning
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Publication number: 20100263770Abstract: A method for tempering a workpiece is provided. The method includes providing a ferrous alloy workpiece having a martensite and/or bainite phase therein, heating at least a portion of the workpiece to a preselected temperature and then cooling the workpiece to a lower temperature. The preselected temperature is below the austensizing temperature of the alloy and the heating is accomplished in no more than 60 seconds. One embodiment of the present invention heats the workpiece using resistance heating.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 1, 2010Publication date: October 21, 2010Inventor: Tad Machrowicz
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Publication number: 20100200127Abstract: The object of the invention is increasing the service life or service performance of railway wheelsets. Said technical effect is achieved by the means that, in the method for increasing the service life or service performance of railway wheelsets, in which each wheel is implemented in the form of a cylindrical working part having a running or rolling surface and a rim connected thereto by a radius transition, the metal hardening of the wheelset or of a wheel is carried out by conduction of current through rotating contact rollers, which are pressed under pressure onto the surface to be treated, wherein the heating and hardening of the surface is performed in the form of one or more strips.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 8, 2008Publication date: August 12, 2010Inventors: Vladimir A. Sokolov, Valeri Wladimirowitsch Evseenko, Ruslan Valerijewitsch Matjuschin
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Publication number: 20100170596Abstract: An austenitic, substantially ferrite-free steel alloy and a process for producing components therefrom. This Abstract is not intended to define the invention disclosed in the specification, nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 16, 2010Publication date: July 8, 2010Applicants: Boehler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG, Schoeller-Bleckmann Oilfield Technology GmbHInventors: Gabriele Saller, Herbert Aigner, Josef Bernauer, Raimund Huber
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Publication number: 20100132854Abstract: Iron-based alloys and articles in strips, sheets, workpieces and the like are converted into high strength steel with a minimum of cost, time and effort, including producing dual phase materials. This is achievable by extremely rapid micro-treating of low, medium, and high carbon iron-based alloys and articles by rapid heating and rapid cooling at least a portion of the alloy/article. This heating step involves nearly immediately heating the iron-based alloy to a selected temperature above its austenite conversion temperature. Then, the alloy is immediately quenched, also at an extremely fast rate, on at least a portion of the iron-based alloy in a quenching unit adjacent the heating unit. This procedure forms high strength alloy in a desired area, depending upon where the treatment was performed.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 3, 2007Publication date: June 3, 2010Inventor: Gary M. Cola, JR.
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Patent number: 7728259Abstract: A brake lining comprises a lining support plate, an underlayer material and a friction lining. The brake lining is clamped between a pressure plate and a holding fixture, which forms a hole matrix and inside of which electrodes are accommodated. A power supply is connected to the electrodes. The adjacent electrodes have different polarities. A current flow is produced between adjacent electrodes as a result of the different polarities. The field lines extend in the shape of an arch. An arrangement of this type permits the friction lining to be scorched. For hardening, a potential gradient can also be applied between the electrodes and the support plate. The current then flows and the entire friction lining is permeated. This results in a homogenous heating of the friction lining. The invention enables an efficient hardening of the friction lining. It is also possible to conduct a hardening and scorching simultaneously. The invention also enables the friction lining to be pressed during the heat treatment.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2002Date of Patent: June 1, 2010Assignee: TMD Friction GmbHInventor: Wolfgang Hogenkamp
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Publication number: 20100126642Abstract: The invention relates to the hardening of the surface layer of parts of machines, plants and apparatuses and also tools. Objects for which the application is possible and advantageous are components which are subjected to severe fatigue or wear stresses and are composed of hardenable steels and have a complicated shape and whose surface has to be hardened selectively on the functional surfaces or whose functional surface has a multidimensional shape. The process for hardening the surface layer of components having a complicated shape is carried out by means of a plurality of energy input zones.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 10, 2007Publication date: May 27, 2010Inventors: Berndt Brenner, Steffen Bonss, Frank Tietz, Marko Seifert, Jan Hannweber, Stefan Kuehn, Udo Karsunke
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Publication number: 20100050726Abstract: A method of forming titanium structures, and more specifically, a method of superplastically continuous roll forming titanium structures are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method of forming a shape in an article comprising titanium, the method including, among other things, providing first and second rolling members, the first rolling members being conductive and the second rolling members being continuous roll shaping members; contacting the article with the first rolling members to transfer a current to the article to heat the article to a temperature suitable for superplastic forming; and with the article being in a superplastic state, contacting the article with the second rolling members to form the shape in the article.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 29, 2008Publication date: March 4, 2010Applicant: The Boeing CompanyInventors: Allen Fischer, Bryan G. Dods
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Patent number: 7456134Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, energy efficient and cost effective process for continuous production of high quality MgB2 based superconducting wires, tapes, bulk bodies and powders with better phase purity, microstructure and superconducting properties by introducing some innovative steps namely processing the reactants in evacuated and sealed metal tubes by electrical self-heating cum hot rolling followed by annealing under electrical self-heating, thereby overcoming various deficiencies and shortcomings associated with the prior art.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 2006Date of Patent: November 25, 2008Assignee: Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchInventors: Syamaprasad Upendran, Abhilash Kumar Raveendran Nair Girijakumari Amma, Vinod Krishnan Kutty, Aloysius Rajappan Padmavathy, Sarun Pallian Murikoli, Thennavarajan Subramanian, Guruswamy Perumal
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Publication number: 20080277034Abstract: A method for controlling the work hardening of a metal component during cold forming by using an electric current passing through the component is provided. The method can include providing a cold forming machine with at least a pair of dies, the machine operable to perform a cold forming operation and apply an electric direct current to a metal component placed in contact with the dies. In addition, the method includes providing a metal component and placing the metal component between the at least a pair of dies. Thereafter, cold forming of the metal component is performed with an electric direct current applied to the component during at least part of the time the component is being cold formed. In some instances, the cold forming is compressive cold forming. The direct current can be applied before or after the cold forming has started and/or be terminated before or after the cold forming has stopped.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 9, 2008Publication date: November 13, 2008Applicant: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: John T. Roth
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Patent number: 7220327Abstract: Disclosed is a material of a kick-down drum comprising fine ferrite and microdispersion spheroidized cementite for an automobile also disclosed is a method for manufacturing the kick-down drum material. The kick-down drum of this invention can greatly improve hardenability and durability of the spline member and also has advantages of reducing production costs due to a simplified process of adding only a heating process.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 2004Date of Patent: May 22, 2007Assignee: Hyundai Motor CompanyInventors: Ji Hong Yoo, Doo Hwan Lee
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Patent number: 7090733Abstract: Metallic glasses of superior mechanical and magnetic properties are manufactured by annealing the glasses under the influence of an electric current to convert the glass to a composite that includes crystallites, preferably nanocrystallites, dispersed through an amorphous matrix.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 2003Date of Patent: August 15, 2006Assignee: The Regents of the University of CaliforniaInventors: Zuhair A. Munir, Troy B. Holland, Jörg F. Löffler
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Patent number: 6903296Abstract: A metallic component is made by heating with subsequent hardening by rapid cooling. In the component unhardened regions remain, in that the component is electrically resistant heated and defined regions, either by partial resistance heating of the other regions, by overbridging or by cooling are excluded from heating above the austenitization temperature so that after a subsequent hardening process, they will remain with a ductile structure.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 2003Date of Patent: June 7, 2005Assignee: Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbHInventor: Rafael Garcia Gomez
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Patent number: 6855217Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of baking treatment of steel product parts using a high frequency or ultra-high frequency for preventing delayed fracture from occurring due to diffusive hydrogen occluded in steel parts, for example, screws, bolts and the like, or for heating surface layers of the steel parts to generate a difference in temperature between the surface layers and interiors of the steel parts, thereby causing distortion in lattices, wherein the surface layers of the steel parts are rapidly heated to 100 to 300° C. with a high frequency or ultra-high frequency at 10 KHz or higher to remove the diffusive hydrogen which is involved in hydrogen embrittlement, or to transfer an existing state to non-diffusive hydrogen which is not involved in the hydrogen embrittlement.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 2002Date of Patent: February 15, 2005Assignee: Aoyama Seisakusho Co., Ltd.Inventor: Takamasa Suzuki
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Patent number: 6576068Abstract: A method for producing a stainless steel with improved corrosion resistance includes homogenizing at least a portion of an article of a stainless steel including chromium, nickel, and molybdenum and having a PREN of at least 50, as calculated by the equation: PREN=Cr+(3.3×Mo)+(30×N), where Cr is weight percent chromium, Mo is weight percent molybdenum, and N is weight percent nitrogen in the steel. In one form of the method, at least a portion of the article is remelted to homogenize the portion. In another form of the method, the article is annealed under conditions sufficient to homogenize at least a surface region of the article. The method of the invention enhances corrosion resistance of the stainless steel as reflected by the steel's critical crevice corrosion temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2001Date of Patent: June 10, 2003Assignee: ATI Properties, Inc.Inventors: John F. Grubb, James D. Fritz
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Publication number: 20020104598Abstract: Method of reducing the wrinkles formed in heating zones, by radiant tubes, of continuous heat treatment lines for metal strip, such as annealing or galvanizing lines, the said strip passing over transporting and/or return rollers in the said furnaces, the said method, which consists in modifying the thermal state of the rollers, being characterized in that the said modification is made directly by varying the heating by the said radiant tubes located near the rollers, thereby directly controlling the heat flux emitted by the radiant tubes towards the rollers.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2002Publication date: August 8, 2002Applicant: STEIN HEURTEYInventors: Francois Mignard, Patrick Dubois
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Patent number: 6398885Abstract: A method and apparatus for tempering the shank portion only of die blocks which comprises subjecting the shank portion of a die block or other large metal part to electrical energy derived from induction heating or infrared heating to a controlled depth, preferably just sufficiently deep to temper the shank portion but not sufficiently deep to temper the hardened working portion of the part.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1998Date of Patent: June 4, 2002Assignee: A. Finkl & Sons Co.Inventors: Charles W. Finkl, Algirdas A. Underys
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Patent number: 6398881Abstract: The invention concerns a wear-resistant camshaft and a method of producing the same. Objects in which the application of the invention is possible and useful are all cast-iron parts which are subject to wear as a result of lubricated friction. The wear-resistant camshaft consists of cast-iron and it has a surface layer consisting of a ledeburitic remelted layer with a high cementite portion, and, lying thereunder, a martensitic hardening zone, whereby according to the invention. a. the remelted layer consists of finely dispersed ledeburitic cementite with thicknesses of ≦1 &mgr;m and a metallic matrix of a phase mixture of martensite and/or bainite, residual austenite, as well as less than 20% finely laminated pearlite with a distance of ≦0.1 &mgr;m between the lamelias, and b. the hardening layer is formed from a phase mixture of martensite and/or bainite, partially dissolved pearlite, and residual austenite.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1999Date of Patent: June 4, 2002Assignee: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V.Inventors: Berndt Brenner, Carsten Duschek, Andreas Wetzig, Dietmar Naunapper
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Publication number: 20020017343Abstract: The power transmission shaft 12 is made by applying induction hardening to carbon steel with hardening ratio in a range from 0.25 to 0.50. For the carbon steel, one containing 0.39 to 0.49% of C, 0.4 to 1.5% of Si, 0.4 to 1.0% of Mn, 0.025% or less S, 0.02% or less P and 0.01 to 0.1% of Al by weight as the basic components, with the rest comprising Fe and inevitable impurities is used. This makes it possible to achieve higher strength and lighter weight of the power transmission shaft.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 10, 2001Publication date: February 14, 2002Applicant: NTN CorporationInventors: Kazuhiko Yoshida, Hiroaki Makino, Akira Wakita
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Patent number: 6284068Abstract: When an electrical potential is applied to a metal or a metallic solution or a metal that is close to the melting point or a metal that is molten the electric charges are either drawn off and the metal has a high positive potential or a surfeit of electric charges are added and the metal has a high negative potential. When the metal is heated and then cooled, under said potential, the internal structure of the metal is changed. The crystal structure can become nano crystaline and or amorphous dependent upon the alloying elements, the potential and the temperature. This process has applications in inductive electrical parts as well as metalic structual materials.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1999Date of Patent: September 4, 2001Inventor: Clarence W. McQueen
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Publication number: 20010015243Abstract: Provided is a rare earth element-containing hydrogen storage alloy which fulfills at least one requirement selected from the requirements that (1) the total content of nonmetal elements present as impurities in the alloy matrix is not higher than 1,200 ppm by weight, (2) the total content of alkaline earth metal elements present as impurities in the alloy matrix is not higher than 100 ppm by weight, (3) the content of Mg present as an impurity in the alloy matrix is not higher than 80 ppm by weight, (4) the content of Cl present as an impurity in the alloy matrix is not higher than 10 ppm by weight, (5) the content of Pb present as an impurity in the alloy matrix is not higher than 100 ppm by weight, (6) the alloy has, in a surface layer covering from the alloy surface to a depth of 20 nm, an oxygen concentration that decreases sharply in the depth direction and is not higher than 10 weight % on the average in the surface layer defined above, (7) the alloy comprises Ni as a constituent element and contains,Type: ApplicationFiled: May 18, 1999Publication date: August 23, 2001Inventors: SATOSHI SHIMA, HIROTO SUGAHARA, JUNJI MADONO, HIDENAO YAMAGUCHI
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Patent number: 6235131Abstract: Steel springs are cold coiled, then hardened by electrical resistance heating, and then quenched. The invention may be used to produce hardened springs with uniform mechanical and physical characteristics, fine grain microstructures, and high fatigue resistance. The heat hardening process may be individually controlled for each spring, and it may be performed in a very short period of time. The process time may be so short as to preclude decarburization, making it unnecessary to use a controlled endothermic atmosphere. The free lengths of the finished springs may be controlled by applying axial forces during heat hardening. According to one aspect of the invention, the coiled central section of the spring is made harder than its ends. The equipment for practicing the invention may have a compact, uncomplicated construction.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1999Date of Patent: May 22, 2001Assignee: Mathew Warren Industries, Inc.Inventors: Scott C. Keihle, Ronald D. Orr, Daniel R. Sebastian, Kenneth J. Schnettler
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Patent number: 6166360Abstract: This invention provides methods for rapidly heating a metal part of varying thickness. In general, the invention provides methods comprising heating the thicker section(s) of the part by induction heating and the thinner section(s) by resistance heating. Induction and resistance heating both quickly heat metals and because each is easily controlled individually, the part can be uniformly heated for hardening and tempering.Type: GrantFiled: October 13, 1999Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: Fluxtrol Manufacturing, Inc.Inventors: Robert S. Ruffini, Sr., Valentin Nemkov
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Patent number: 5859404Abstract: A plasma heating apparatus for heating a workpiece includes a chamber of sufficient size to receive a workpiece therein and a source of a reduced gas pressure within the chamber of from about 0.01 to about 100 millitorr. The plasma heating apparatus further includes a plasma source of an enveloping plasma. Optionally, a workpiece voltage may be applied between the workpiece and the wall of the chamber, and a source of a reactive gas can be provided to backfill the chamber, and radiant heaters can be provided to independently heat portions of the workpiece. In operation, the plasma source produces a plasma that surrounds and heats the workpiece. The plasma and the heating of the workpiece are tailored to achieve controllably uniform or nonuniform heat treatment and/or surface treatment of the workpiece.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 1995Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignees: Hughes Electronics Corporation, General Motors CorporationInventors: Ronghua R. Wei, Jesse N. Matossian, Peter Mikula, Deborah Clark
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Patent number: 5776270Abstract: A method for reforming the generally cylindrical sidewalls of aluminum containers is disclosed. The method produces highly expanded and/or contoured container sidewalls which provide a distinctive appearance in comparison with cylindrical containers having straight sidewalls. Multiple expansion steps are used to expand the sidewall to a diameter substantially greater than the initial diameter of the cylindrical starting container. The sidewalls are thermally treated prior to expansion, for example, by annealing to reduce or eliminate residual stresses and work hardening. The sidewall thickness of the cylindrical starting container is preferably selected in order to maximize the total amount of sidewall expansion that can be achieved.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 1996Date of Patent: July 7, 1998Assignee: Aluminum Company of AmericaInventor: Scott C. Biondich
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Patent number: 5700335Abstract: A process and device are disclosed for regulating the annealing power in at least one annealing section of a continuous annealing and processing line for continuously cast metal products. The speed of the cast products (D) passing through the continuous annealing device is detected, as well as the voltage currently applied to the annealing section, which is converted into an effective value (U.sub.c) by means of a control device (50). The voltage supplied to the annealing section is modified by a control signal derived from the determined effective value of the voltage, in order to achieve a predetermined annealing power value dependent on the measured speed. At least the current flowing in one annealing section is also detected and converted into an effective value. The annealing power actually supplied to the annealing section is calculated from said effective values. The voltage value is modified by a control device until a predetermined value of the annealing power is reached.Type: GrantFiled: April 5, 1995Date of Patent: December 23, 1997Assignee: Maschinenfabrik Niehoff GmbH & Co. KGInventor: Gunther Phillip