Abstract: A tire for heavy loads, having an inextensible radial carcass ply anchored to a bead wire to form an upturn, the end of which is located at a radial distance from the base of the bead. Each bead is reinforced by at least two additional reinforcement armatures, one armature formed of radial inextensible metallic reinforcement elements and a second armature formed of metallic elements forming an angle with the circumferential direction, the first armature being formed of at least one ply wound around the anchoring bead wire on the inside of the carcass reinforcement to form two strands, such that the axially inner strand, between the radially lower end of its radially upper edge parallel to the meridian profile of the carcass reinforcement and its point of tangency with the anchoring bead wire, follows a rectilinear trace referred to as “shortest-path”.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire, includes at least one carcass ply having a steel cord arranged substantially in a radial direction of the tire, folded turned up around a bead cord, a belt layer arranged on an outer side of a crown portion of the carcass ply to have an overlapping portion with the folded portion of the carcass, a first reinforcing rubber layer arranged between body portion of the carcass ply and the folded portion of the carcass ply, and a second reinforcing rubber layer arranged inside the body portion of the carcass ply, over a region corresponding to a tire shoulder portion to a bead portion, with its thickness gradually reduced from a central portion to opposing end portions, wherein overlapping width W2 from an upper end position RF of the second reinforcing rubber layer to an end BE of the belt layer is 7% to 33% of the width BW of the belt layer; and cross sectional widths G1W, G2W, and G3W representing minimum widths between an inner surface of the tire and respective side-wall outer surface positio

Abstract: A tire with radial carcass reinforcement having beads with a heel portion on an axially inner side and a toe portion on an axially outer side includes two carcass reinforcement plies for tension in higher sidewall tires. The bead includes at least one bead wire coated with a rubber mix, a wedge formed of a rubber mix disposed axially outward of the at least one bead wire, and at least one rubber filler located axially and radially outward of the bead wire and wedge. The wedge is defined by two sides extending at an acute angle axially from an apex A located beneath the section of the at least one bead wire, the rubber mix forming the wedge having a Shore A hardness of at least 65 and greater than the Shore A hardness of the at least one rubber filler.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a cord spacing between an axially outer cord layer and an axially inner cord layer such as: a turnup portion and a main portion of a carcass ply; or a bead reinforcing cord layer and a carcass ply turnup portion, is increased from the radially inside to the outside of the tire to improve the durability of the bead portion.

Abstract: A pneumatic vehicle tire of radial construction, especially for automobiles, is provided. The tire has a profiled tread strip, a belt structure of at least two belt plies, bead regions having bead cores, and a carcass having load-carrying members of steel cord. In the tire the carcass forms a C-ply construction and contains steel cords of three or five steel filaments, which all have the same diameter of 0.12 to 0.1 5mm.

Abstract: A tire having a radial carcass reinforcement, anchored in each bead to an anchoring bead wire to form an upturn, characterized in that a profiled member of vulcanized rubber mix is arranged axially to the outside of the upturn of the carcass reinforcement, the secant modulus of elasticity in tension of which, measured for a relative elongation of 10%, is very much greater than the moduli of the other mixes forming the bead, the main part of the carcass reinforcement having a substantially rectilinear meridian profile between its point of tangency to the anchoring bead wire and a point A located at a radial distance HA from the base D of the beads of between 35% and 65% of the radial distance HE between the points of maximum axial width of the carcass reinforcement and said base D.

Abstract: Pneumatic vehicle tires comprising a carcass which extends between two bead rings, a belt arrangement provided between the carcass and a tread strip, and also rubber reinforcing plies arranged in the sidewall regions, which adopt a supporting function when the tire is deflated, are characterized in that a single rubber reinforcing ply is arranged radially within a first carcass ply and its maximum thickness is disposed in the upper half of the sidewall height; with the rubber reinforcing ply extending from the bead apex region up to and beneath the edge region of the belt ply, and with the bead apex, which extends approximately up to the half sidewall height, being surrounded by the first carcass ply.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire, includes at least one carcass ply folded turned up around a bead cord, a belt layer arranged on an outer side of a crown portion of the carcass ply to have an overlapping portion with the folded portion of the carcass, a first reinforcing rubber layer arranged between body portion of the carcass ply and the folded portion of the carcass ply, and a second reinforcing rubber layer arranged inside the body portion of the carcass ply, wherein overlapping width W2 from an upper end position RF of the second reinforcing rubber layer to an end BE of the belt layer is 7% to 33% of the width BW of the belt layer; and cross sectional widths G1W, G2W, and G3W satisfy the following relations: G3W/G1W=0.85 to 0.95, and G2W/G1W=1.0 to 1.05.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial ply tire 100 for use on aircraft has a radial reinforced carcass 20 having at least one axially inner ply 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D of textile cords 21 wound around a pair of bead cores 33. The improved bead structure 30 has a flipper 50 having an axially inner leg LI and axially outer leg LE. The ends LI, LE of the flippers 50 are above the bead core height Bh and below the apex A of an elastomeric strip 40 satisfying the relation Bh<LE<0.7D and Bh<LI<0.7D. Additionally, the tire carcass 20 has at least one axially outer ply 2E, 2F of textile cords 21 extending from bead 30 to bead 30 along the turn-ups 20A, 20B, 20C and 20D of the axially inner plies 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D. The plies 21 are closely spaced along the natural ply path.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises: a carcass ply extending between bead portions and including a topping rubber layer, the topping rubber layer facing the inside of the tire and made of a butyl rubber compound containing at least 10 parts by weight of butyl rubber or butyl rubber derivative; and a belt disposed radially outside the carcass in the tread portion, the belt comprising at least one ply of monofilament cords laid at an angle of from 10 to 40 degrees with respect to the circumferential direction of the tire, and each of the monofilament cord consisting of a single filament. The belt further comprises one ply of multifilament cords or one ply of monofilament cords. The height of a bead apex, which is disposed between a carcass ply turnup portion and main portion in each bead portion, can be reduced into a range of from 10 to 20 mm, and in this case, the carcass ply turnup portion is extended radially outwardly beyond the radially outer end of the bead apex so as to adjoin the carcass ply main portion.

Abstract: The pneumatic tire has a single carcass ply reinforced with parallel metallic cords, each cord composed of at least one filament having a tensile strength of at least (−2000×D+4400 MPa)×95%, where D is the filament diameter in millimeters. The turnup portion of the single carcass ply 12 in the bead portion of a pneumatic tire is interposed between the bead core 11 and a toe guard 18, and the radially outer edge of each turnup portion being in contact with the main portion of the carcass ply and extending to an end point 0.5 to 4.0 inches (12.7 to 101.6 mm) radially outward of the bead core as measured along the main portion of the carcass ply of the tire. A toe guard 18 associated with each bead core 11 has a first and second end and each end is disposed directly adjacent to the carcass ply. The first end 18a of the toe guard is located on the axially inner side of the main portion of the carcass ply at a location about 0.4 to 3.

Abstract: A cylindrical body ply is mounted around a cylindrical bladder, and annular beads are set on both axial end portions of the body ply. In this state, while the spacing between both axial ends of the body ply is narrowed, an axial intermediate portion of the body ply is increased in diameter by the bladder. Subsequently, bending members formed of rigid bodies are radially moved from the inside to the outside of the body ply to bend both axial end portions of the body ply by the bending members. The bent portions of the body ply wrap around corresponding beads. With the use of the body ply manufactured in this way in a tire, the resulting tire can be reduced in the manufacturing cost and weight.

Abstract: A tire with a form ratio H/S between 0.3 and 0.8 has a carcass reinforcement (1) which is covered radially by a quasi-cylindrical crown reinforcement (3) and which is tangential at T to a holding circle C. The common tangent at T to the circle C and to the meridian profile of the carcass (1) makes an angle &agr; of between +20° and −80° with respect to a line parallel to the rotation axis and passing through the tangency point T. In its portion located between the tangency point T and the point E of greatest axial width, the carcass reinforcement (1) is provided with a reinforcement armature (6) of circumferentially non-extensible elements. Viewed in meridian cross-section and when the tire is fitted and inflated to the recommended pressure, the carcass (1) has a meridian profile consisting of four circular arcs configured to improve the endurance of the tire while improving its rolling resistance.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a cord spacing between an axially outer cord layer and an axially inner cord layer such as: a turnup portion and a main portion of a carcass ply; or a bead reinforcing cord layer and a carcass ply turnup portion, is increased from the radially inside to the outside of the tire to improve the durability of the bead portion.

Abstract: A tire (10) has three carcass reinforcing structures (15, 16, 17). The second carcass reinforcing structure (16) is folded radially outwardly around each bead core 16 (20), so that the edges (36) of the second carcass reinforcing structure (16) are each located between an apex (31) and the neighboring bead core. The third carcass reinforcing structure (17) has its turndown portions (27) folded radially inwardly around the turnup portion of the second carcass reinforcing structure (16) and the bead core, so that the edges (37) of the plies of the third carcass reinforcing structure are located at the radially inner side of the bead cores (20).

Abstract: A chipper (40, 43, 54) for use in a pneumatic radial ply runflat tire (49) comprises cord reinforcements (42, 42′) making an angle, &agr;′ of between 30° and 50° relative to the circumferential direction. The radially outermost edge (46, 50) of the chipper is located between 10 and 15 millimeters above the wheel rim flange (56) of the wheel-mounted tire and between 5% and 20% of the section height SH of the tire. The chipper is disposed axially inward of the ply turnup end (58). The chipper (40) may comprise a single layer of cords (42), or the chipper (43) may comprise two layers (47, 47′) with the -cords (42, 42′) in the two layers being crossed to form mirror images across a radial reflection axis.

Abstract: An improved track belt tire is constructed of a removable tread belt assembly mounted to the outer circumferential surface of a multi-layered tire carcass with an embedded carcass ply having ply turnup ends about the bead wires. The outermost ends of the first and second turnup ends being located radially outward at a distance equal to between about 2 and 3 times the diameters of the bead wires so that the ends of the turnup ends are supported by the flange ends of the tire rim when a tire carcass mounted to the tire rim is deflected. The turnup ends are also supported by first, second, third, and fourth apex elements disposed about each of the bead wires. The ply line of the carcass ply can also follow the natural ply line.

Abstract: A method and article of manufacture is disclosed describing a technique to make a tire having at least one ply having a geodesic cord path.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire comprises a carcass ply being turned up around bead cores form the axially inside to outside of the tire, a bead apex disposed between the carcass main portion and each turnup portion, the turnup portion extending radially outwardly beyond the radially outer end of the bead apex so that the turnup portion has a parallel part which is placed adjacent to and substantially in parallel with the main portion, and a chafer disposed in each bead portion and extending radially outwardly beyond the radially outer end of the bead apex along the axially outside of the turnup portion.

Abstract: A heavy duty pneumatic tire comprises a carcass toroidally extending between a pair of bead cores embedded in bead portions and comprised of at least one rubberized carcass ply, wherein the carcass ply is wound around the bead core from an inside of the tire toward an outside thereof in a radial direction so as to locate a turnup portion in a zone of a bead portion contacting with a rim, and a turnup portion of the carcass ply is sandwiched between winding wires.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions, a carcass, a belt, and a bead filler rubber, wherein the bead filler rubber in an assembly of the tire and an approved rim has a height lower than the height of a rim flange, and a turnup portion of the carcass has a height not less than 0.5 times a section height of the carcass from a rim size line and extends over a maximum width position of the carcass and in parallel to a main body of the carcass outward from a taper end of the bead filler rubber, and a pair of sidewall reinforcing layers are arranged along an outside of the turnup portion to extend from near to the taper end of the bead filler rubber up to at least near to an end of the belt.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire wherein both end portions of at least one layer of a carcass layer are turned up around right and left bead cores from the inside to the outside of the tire, and at least two layers of belt layers formed by arranging reinforcing cords in such a fashion that their inclining directions with respect to a tire circumferential direction cross one another in mutually opposite directions between the layers are disposed on the outer circumferential side of the carcass layer of a tread portion. A carcass strength coefficient K defined by the formula (1) in the specification is 0.15 to 0.35 N/mm·kPa at portions on the tread portion center side of positions P which are away by 10% of a belt width of a belt layer having the second greatest width from both edges thereof towards its inside, and is 0.5 N/mm·kPa at portions from the positions P to the bead portions.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having simplified structure and improved properties has mono-ply carcass having ply turn-ups closely wrapped around the bead hoop and extended to underlie breaker edges and the carcass cord angle in crown region is substantially radial at 85°-90° to the circumferential direction whereas in the sidewall region the cord angles of the main carcass ply portion and the turn-up portion are at a lower angle of 65°-85° and are crossed with respect to each other.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire having in axial cross-section a highly curved tread is reinforced by a breaker assembly with improved resistance to breaker edge looseness. The breaker assembly includes one breaker ply which extends between two bead regions and has its edges disposed between a carcass main portion and a carcass turn-up portion. An improved single-stage method may be employed for building the tire.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire has a carcass including a carcass ply made of cords arranged at an inclination angle of 70 to 90 degrees with respect to the tire equator, the carcass ply including a main portion extending from a tread portion to a bead core in a bead portion and integrally provided with a turnup portion turned up from the axially inside to the outside at the bead core, a bead apex disposed between the main portion and turnup portion of the carcass ply, wherein the turnup portion extends radially outwardly along the axially outer surface of the bead apex and has a portion extending substantially parallel with and adjacent to the carcass ply main portion from the radially outer end of the bead apex, and the length L of the parallel portion is 1.0 to 8.0 times the maximum section width CW of the bead core.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire in which both end portions of a plurality of carcass plies are mounted respectively to left and right bead cores to fold back from an inner side to an outer side of the tire. Fold back portions of the carcass plies constituting the outermost sides on inner sides of the bead cores are laminated onto unfolded portions of the carcass plies. Carcass cords of the carcass plies are intersected with each other between the laminated layers. A length of the fold back portion is longer than any of fold back portions of the remaining carcass plies.

Abstract: A tire and wheel assembly for a forklift type vehicle includes a rim having an annular well to enable fitting of tubeless tires and a tire having an aspect ration of 58% or less. The tire is inflated to a pressure of at least 125 pounds per square inch (psi) and has fabric cross plies extending a distance of at least 30% up the inner face of the side walls of the tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire having carcass layers of three plies each constituted by organic fiber cords and in which both end portions of a first one and a second one of the carcass layers enumerated from an inner side to an outer side direction of the tire in the 3 plies of carcass layers, are folded back from the inner side to the outer side of the tire respectively around bead cores, reinforcement layers are arranged on outer sides of the fold back portions of the carcass layers and a third one of the carcass layers is turned down to cover outer sides of the reinforcement layers.

Abstract: A motorcycle tire comprises a carcass composed of a low-modulus layer disposed along the inside of the tire and a high-modulus layer disposed outside thereof, the high-modulus layer comprising a high-modulus ply, and the low-modulus layer comprising a low-modulus ply. Preferably, the cords of each ply are inclined at a bias angle of from 20 to 50 degrees with respect to the tire equator so that the carcass has a bias structure. The low-modulus layer is composed of two low-modulus plies of low-modulus cords extending between bead portions through a tread portion and sidewall portions and turned up around a bead core disposed in each bead portion. The high-modulus layer is composed of a single high-modulus ply of high-modulus cords extending between the sidewall portions through the tread portion and terminated at a position radially outward of the bead cores but radially inward of the maximum width position of the carcass.

Abstract: A run-flat tire, i.e., a tire capable of running for a while even when it is flat or uninflated due to a puncture, includes a carcass ply or layer having a turned-up end which reaches one end of a belt layer underlying the tire tread. A crescent-shaped side-reinforcing rubber pad includes a outer-surface-side rubber pad and an inner-surface-side rubber pad arranged which sandwich a fibrous layer therebetween. The inner-surface-side pad, i.e., the one situated inward of the outer-surface-side pad, is thicker than the outer-surface-side pad. The upper end (the end close to the tread) and the lower end (the end close to a bead portion) of the fibrous layer extend slightly beyond the upper and lower ends of the side-reinforcing rubber pad, respectively.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an inboard sidewall and an outboard sidewall when fitted to a vehicle including a reinforced carcass extending between bead regions through both inboard and outboard sidewalls and a tread region reinforced by a breaker extending between the tread edges beneath the rubber tread wherein the carcass in the outboard sidewall comprises a single ply of reinforced material having mutually parallel reinforcement cords extending substantially radially of the tire, the ply having one edge located under the breaker, extending from the breaker radially inwards through the outboard sidewall and being wrapped axially outwards around a bead hoop and being turned up to have its second edge radially outwards of the bead hoop, and the reinforced carcass for the inboard sidewall comprises a single ply of reinforcement material arranged with a first edge under and in overlapping engagement with the edge region of the outboard sidewall reinforcement, said first edge being adjacent to the inboard bead at an

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an aspect ratio of not more than 55% and comprising: an axially protruding rib provided on each side of the tire to overhang a flange of a wheel rim; a carcass extending between bead portions through a tread portion and sidewall portions; a belt disposed radially outside the carcass; a tread rubber disposed radially outside the belt to define the ground contacting surface of the tire; a sidewall rubber disposed on each side of the tire and extending from the tread portion to the rib along the axially outside of the carcass; a clinch rubber disposed on each side of the tire and extending from the bead portion to the rib along the outer surface of the tire; and a wing rubber disposed axially outside the sidewall rubber and extending from the tread rubber to the rib along the outer surface of the tire, the wing rubber being softer than the tread rubber.

Abstract: A belt reinforcing layer is disposed outwardly in the radial direction of a tire so as to reinforce the whole portion or the end portions of a tread portion. The belt reinforcing layer is formed by spirally winding a rubber-coated and narrow strip made of a fiber cord/cords around a tire. A pair of bead fillers are disposed directly above bead cores of a pair of bead portions. The cords of the belt reinforcing layer are made of organic fiber cords, and have a 2.7% or less elongation under load of 1.4g/d at the temperature of 50±5° C., and have a 1.5 to 6.0% elongation under load of 0.7g/d at the temperature of 170±5° C. The height L of each of the bead fillers corresponds to 20 to 60% of the cross sectional height T of a tire.

Abstract: A run-flat tire comprises a carcass ply extending between the bead portions, and a sidewall reinforcing layer disposed axially inside said carcass ply in each sidewall portion, wherein in a normally inflated unloaded state, a profile line from a tire equator point (P) to a maximum tire section width point (D) is curved substantially along an involute curve so as to have a radius of curvature decreasing continuously from the tire equator point towards the sidewall portion, the basic circle of the involute curve is an ellipse whose major axis extends in the tire radial direction, the radial distance (h) between the tire equator point (P) and the maximum tire section width point (D) is more than 34% but less than 50% of the tire section height (H).

Abstract: A run-flat tire comprises a carcass composed of an inner ply and an outer ply each made of organic fiber cords, a belt disposed radially outside the carcass in the tread portion, and three sidewall reinforcing rubber layers disposed in each sidewall portion. The inner and outer carcass plies are turned up around the bead cores from the inside to the outside of the tire, and the turnup portions of the inner carcass ply extends into between the belt and the carcass so that the radially outer end thereof is secured therebetween. The sidewall reinforcing layers include: an inside layer disposed axially inside the main portion of the inner ply; a middle layer disposed between the main portion of the inner ply and the main portion of the outer ply; and an outside layer disposed axially outside the main portion of the outer ply. At least one of the sidewall reinforcing rubber layers has a radially outer end located beneath the belt.

Abstract: A run-flat tire comprises a tread portion, a pair of bead portions, a pair of sidewall portions, a carcass comprising at least one carcass ply extending between the bead portions, a belt disposed radially outside the carcass in the tread portion, and a tread reinforcing layer disposed between carcass plies or alternatively between the carcass and belt, the tread reinforcing layer made of a high elastic modulus rubber compound having a complex elastic modulus E* of from 10 to 30 MPa, a thickness t of from 0.8 to 2.5 mm, and an axial width WA of 0.7 to 1.0 times the tread width TW of the tire.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire (10) has a pair of sidewall portions (20), a pair of bead regions (22) and a carcass (30) reinforced with at least two sidewall fillers or inserts (42), (46) for each sidewall portion and at least one cord reinforced ply (38) and two bead cores (26) one in each bead region and a reinforcing belt structure (36). This tire is preferably a runflat radial ply tire. The at least one cord reinforced ply (38) has a pair of turnup ends (32) wrapped around the pair of bead cores (26). The turnup ends (32) each extend radially outwardly to a terminal end (33) at a radial height of at least 40% of the tire section height (SH). The first insert for each sidewall portion lies radially inward and adjacent the at least one ply (38). The second insert (46) for each sidewall portion is a bead filler insert radially above the bead core (26) and between the at least one ply (38) and its turnup end (32).

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire comprises a radial carcass ply turned up around bead cores from the axially inside to outside of the tire, and a steel cord bead reinforcing ply disposed along the axially outer surface of the carcass ply turnup portion. The height of the carcass ply turnup portions is 1.5 to 3.5 times the rim flange height. The bead reinforcing ply extends so that the radially inner end is disposed on the radially inside of a straight line drawn between the axially inner extreme end and the axially outer extreme end of a bead core, and the radially outer end is spaced apart from the radially outer end of the turnup portion by a radial distance of from 5 to 20 mm. The radially outer ends of the turnup portions and the radially outer ends of the bead reinforcing plies are each covered with a cap made of hard rubber having a JIS-A hardness of 75 to 85 degrees.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire having improved bead durability accommodated to a standard 15 degree taper center drop rim comprises a pair of bead cores disposed one in each bead portion, a steel cord radial carcass ply turned up around the bead cores from the axially inside to the outside, a hard rubber bead apex disposed between the carcass ply main portion and each turnup portion, a bead reinforcing layer of reinforcing cords disposed axially outside each carcass ply turnup portion, and a rubber strip disposed between each turnup portion and the bead reinforcing layer, the rubber strip being harder than the bead apex, and the difference B-D of the inside diameter B of the bead cores from the rim diameter D of the rim is in the range of from -4 to 1 mm.

Abstract: A heavy duty radial tire comprises a carcass ply being turned up around bead cores from the axially inside to the outside of the tire, a bead apex disposed between the carcass main portion and each turnup portion, the turnup portion extending radially outwardly beyond the radially outer end of the bead apex so that the turnup portion has a parallel part which is placed adjacent to and substantially in parallel with the main portion, and a chafer disposed in each bead portion and extending radially outwardly beyond the radially outer end of the bead apex along the axially outside of the turnup portion. The thickness T2 of the chafer is 0.3 to 1.0 times the total rubber thickness T1 between the tire outer surface and the carcass when measured along a straight line drawn at a right angle to the carcass main portion through the radially outer end of the bead apex. The length L of the parallel part is in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 times a section width CW of the bead core.

Abstract: A method and article of manufacture are disclosed describing a technique to make a tire having at least one ply having a geodesic cord path.

Abstract: A runflat radial ply passenger or light truck pneumatic tire 10 has a carcass 30 reinforced with at least one sidewall insert or filler 42 and one substantially inextensible cord reinforced ply 38, the ply being wrapped about two bead cores 26 and located radially inward of a belt reinforcing structure 36. The sidewall insert or filler 42 is located radially inward of the ply 38. The cord 43 has a minimum modulus E of 10 Gpa and is generally inextensible and less heat sensitive than conventional synthetic cords used in passenger and light truck tires.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire has a carcass extending around the tire from bead-to-bead, sidewalls and a rubber tread region which has a profile, when considered in transverse cross section, of a new tire terminating at the sides of the tread in inner and outer shoulder regions, respectively, each shoulder region having a shoulder drop, which is the distance, in the radially inward direction, from the point of maximum tire diameter to a point of the shoulder at the edge of the shoulder region, such that when the tire is mounted on a scheduled wheel rim and inflated to a scheduled pressure, the tread region is asymmetric, having its point of maximum tire diameter offset in the axial direction of the tire from the center line of the tire section in the direction of the inner shoulder, and the shoulder drop of the outer shoulder is greater than the shoulder drop of the inner shoulder such that the tread region has an asymmetric profile, wherein the tread region has a substantially constant tread gauge or thickness exc

Abstract: The run-flat tire has a tread for contacting a ground surface and a belt package with belt plies interior to the tread for support of the tread. A plurality of radially reinforced carcass layers are positioned interior to the belt plies and include at least one carcass layer that extends between spaced apart annular beads. The tire has a pair of sidewalls each extending radially inward from shoulders at lateral edges of the belt package to the annular beads. The sidewalls have a plurality of sidewall stiffening members to support the tire during a loss of inflation pressure. The carcass layers are disposed with the sidewall stiffening members to help support the run-flat tire with a loss of inflation pressure.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire comprises a carcass comprising an outer carcass ply made of cords having a first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1 and an inner carcass ply is made of cords having a second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2 different from the first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1, and the cord tension of the inner carcass ply is smaller than the cord tension of the outer carcass ply. A method of making the tire comprises steps of making the outer carcass ply of cords having a first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1, making the inner carcass ply of cords having a second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2, wherein the first heat-shrinkage-percentage K1 at 150 degrees C. is 120 to 160% of the second heat-shrinkage-percentage K2 at 150 degrees C., and heating and vulcanizing a raw tire to heat-shrink the outer carcass ply cords in a larger degree than the inner carcass ply.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire having an aspect ratio of not more than 55% comprises a carcass composed of a single carcass ply, in which a turnup end portion of the carcass ply is disposed between an end portion of a belt and a crown portion of the carcass ply, and distances L.sub.1 and L.sub.2 from a central position of a bead core to an outer end of a bead filler and to a maximum width of the carcass in the radial direction of the tire satisfy a relationship of L.sub.1 .gtoreq.L.sub.2 and within given ranges with respect to a section height (H) of the tire, respectively.

Abstract: A a carcass has at least one endless carcass cord ply, which is formed by at least one carcass cord extending zigzag in the tire's circumferential direction while being folded at both outer ends of the endless carcass cord ply alternately to right and left. The bead core has an upper bead core portion which is formed by a bead cord being substantially continuous to the carcass cord and spirally wound on the endless carcass cord ply in one or more stages in the tire's circumferential direction.

Abstract: At least one reinforcing rubber layer is provided in the part of each of two side wall portions which is on the outer side of a carcass layer. The outer circumferential end portions of the reinforcing rubber layers extend to positions in which they are disposed between the end portions of the innermost belt layer and the corresponding portions of the carcass layer, while the inner circumferential end portions of these rubber layers extend inward in the radial direction of the tire so as to overlap the bead fillers in positions on the outer sides of the end portions of the carcass layer in the widthwise direction of the tire. A 100% modulus at 100.degree. C. of the rubber constituting the reinforcing rubber layers is not higher than that of the rubber of the belt layers, and a dynamic elastic modulus at 20.degree. C. of the former rubber in the range of 10-40 MPa.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire comprising a tread portion, a pair of sidewall portions, a pair of bead portions each with a bead core therein, a carcass extending between the bead portions, a belt disposed radially outside the carcass and having a pair of edges, a rubber bead apex disposed in each bead portion and extending radially outwardly from the bead core, portions of the carcass one between each edge of the belt and the maximum tire width position are each provided therein with a rubber spacer disposed between axially adjacent carcass cords so that the cord spacing between the axially adjacent cords is in the range of from 0.55 to 5.5 times the diameter of the cords, whereby steering performance is improved without increasing the tire weight.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire 10 has a pair of sidewall portions 20, a pair of bead regions 22 and a carcass 30 reinforced with at least two sidewall fillers or inserts 42, 46 for each sidewall portion and at least one cord reinforced ply 38 and two bead cores 26 one in each bead region and a reinforcing belt structure 36. This tire is preferably a runflat radial ply tire. The at least one cord reinforced ply 38 has a pair of turnup ends 32 wrapped around the pair of bead cores 26. The turnup ends 32 each extend radially outwardly to a terminal end 33 located under the reinforcing belt structure 36. The first insert 42 for each sidewall portion lies radially inward and adjacent the at least one ply 38. The second insert 46 for each sidewall portion is radially between the at least one ply 38 and its turnup end 32.