Abstract: A method of encapsulating a toxin on a contaminated surface includes providing a plastic air-tight substrate having first and second opposing surfaces. An adhesive substance is disposed on the first surface. The first surface of the plastic substrate is applied to the contaminated surface such that the plastic substrate is adhered to the contaminated surface, and such that the toxin is completely covered by the plastic substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element, includes: providing a long sheet material including a laminate of an optical film containing a polarizer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a carrier film temporarily bonded to the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; cutting the long sheet material at predetermined intervals, while maintaining the continuity of the carrier film; peeling off the carrier film by a tensile force; and continuously bonding the resulting optical film pieces to liquid crystal panels, respectively, through the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer exposed by the peeling off, while feeding the resulting optical film pieces, wherein the cutting is performed to such a depth as to substantially reach the carrier film, and the carrier film is cut to a depth less than half of the thickness of the carrier film at least both end portions in the width direction of the carrier film.

Abstract: A technique capable of satisfying both higher functionality and higher accuracy in a compact imaging device is sought to be provided. In order to accomplish the above object, an imaging device is formed by lamination of a plurality of layers including: an imaging element layer that has an imaging element part; a lens layer that has a lens part whose distance from the imaging element part is changeable, and is disposed between a subject and the imaging element part; and an actuator layer that has an actuator part to move the lens part, and is disposed between the subject and the imaging element part.

Abstract: An electronic device may have a display. Inactive portions of the display may be masked using an opaque masking layer. An opening may be provided in the masking layer. A camera may receive light through the opening in the opaque masking layer. The display may include upper and lower polarizers, a color filter layer, and a thin-film transistor layer. The upper polarizer may have an unpolarized window aligned with the opening in the opaque masking layer for the camera, a logo, or another internal structure. The unpolarized window may be formed from openings in polarizer layers such as a polyvinyl alcohol layer and optical retarder layers. The openings may pass through all or less than all of the polarizer layers. The openings may be filled with transparent filler material. The polarizer may include a try-acetyl cellulose layer that continuously covers the opening in other polarizer layers.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical display device including an optical display unit and an optical film that includes a polarizing plate and is bonded to the optical display unit.

Abstract: A bamboo scrimber includes a plurality of pressure-pressed bamboo strips impregnated with an adhesive and modified through heat-treatment. Each of the bamboo strips is formed with a plurality of slots penetrating through the bamboo strip substantially in a direction of thickness defined by the bamboo strip. A substantially longitudinal direction defined by the slots is substantially consistent with a substantially longitudinal direction defined by fibers of the bamboo strip.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a first outer electrically conductive pattern layer, a first insulation layer, a first inner electrically conductive pattern layer, a connection adhesive sheet, a second inner electrically conductive layer, a second insulation layer, a second outer electrically conductive pattern layer, and a identification mark, which are arranged in that order. The first outer electrically conductive pattern layer includes many first gold fingers. The second outer electrically conductive pattern layer includes many second gold fingers. The blind hole corresponds to the identification mark. The first outer electrically conductive pattern layer, the second outer electrically conductive pattern layer, and the at least one identification mark are simultaneously formed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a glass-sealed package, whereby anodic bonding of a pair of wafers is ensured over substantially the whole area of the wafers, and whereby a vacuum is ensured inside the cavity during the anodic bonding of the wafers. The invention also provides an oscillator having such characteristics. The manufacturing method of a glass-sealed package includes the step of anodically bonding a pair of wafers by applying voltage to positions corresponding to circumferential portions of the wafers stacked in layers, and the step of dividing the pair of anodically bonded wafers into individual pieces. A through hole is formed at a central portion of at least one of the wafers, and the anodic bonding of the wafers is made by applying voltage using a plurality of electrodes disposed at the positions corresponding to the circumferential portions of the wafers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing self supporting container parts, such as dishes or covers, for containers for foodstuffs to be treated in a microwave oven, said containers each comprising at least one compartment for receiving the foodstuffs, along at least part of the circumferential surface of which compartment a microwave-radiation influencing material layer is provided in the wall of at least one associated container part, comprising the steps of providing a multilayer foil comprising said microwave radiation-influencing material layer and at least one material layer that does not influence microwave radiation, which is bonded thereto on at least one side of the microwave radiation-influencing material layer, bonding one side of the multilayer foil to a remaining portion of the container part in question, in such a manner that the material layer of the multilayer foil that does not influence microwave radiation is present on a free surface of the container part.

Abstract: A vapor-permeable laminate (1) with at least one first outer layer (2) and at least one second outer layer (3), the outer layers (2, 3) having perforations (4, 5) and being joined to one another in such a way that the perforations of the first outer layer (2) do not coincide with the perforations (5) of the second outer layer (3), and a structure (6) having pores (7) being provided between the outer layers (2, 3). In order to achieve sufficient vapor permeability with at the same time sufficient hydrostatic seal-tightness, it is provided that each of the pores (7) has a clear cross-sectional area (A) of less than 200 ?m2.

Abstract: A method for making apertures in a web comprising providing a precursor web material; providing a pair of counter-rotating, intermeshing rollers, wherein a first roller comprises circumferentially-extending ridges and grooves, and a second roller comprises teeth being tapered from a base and a tip, the teeth being joined to the second roller at the base, the base of the tooth having a cross-sectional length dimension greater than a cross-sectional width dimension; and moving the web material through a nip of the counter-rotating, intermeshing rollers; wherein apertures are formed in the precursor web material as the teeth on one of the rollers intermesh with grooves on the other of the rollers.

Abstract: A filter includes a structurally rigid adsorptive filtering medium formed as a sintered porous material chosen to remove targeted contaminant(s). The adsorptive filtering medium forms a hollow chamber sized to receive a mechanical filtering medium which is sized to press outward against the adsorptive filtering medium which supports the mechanical filtering medium thus eliminating a cage and a core to support the mechanical filtering medium and leading to a simplified construction. The fluid enters the filter through substantially the entire face of the adsorptive filtering structure and proceeds through the mechanical filtering medium which is a pleated paper filter.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing electronic monolithic ceramic components, including a sheet supplier for supplying a plurality of ceramic green sheets of a plurality of types in a predetermined order, and a laminator for laminating the ceramic green sheets supplied by the sheet supplier. A plurality of trays is set in two vertical columns in a rack which is vertically movable. Each tray holds a stack of a plurality of ceramic green sheets of the same type. A particular tray positioned to a predetermined level by the vertical movement of the rack is drawn by a tray drawer device, and one ceramic green sheet is picked up from the tray, and is then conveyed to the laminator. The utilization efficiency of area in the sheet supplier is thus increased.

Abstract: To automatically perform an attachment work of a material supply to a target object, a robot system includes a robot provided with a body, a first arm provided for the body and having a plurality of joints, a second arm provided for the body separately from the first arm and having a plurality of joints, and hand units respectively provided for the first arm and the second arm. The robot holds one of a plurality of types of workpiece components using the hand units of the first arm and the second arm at the same time, and the remaining type of the workpiece components is held and carried by the hand unit of the first arm or the second arm.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a light emitting diode packaging structure provides a metallized ceramic heat dissipation substrate and a reflector layer, and a metallized ceramic heat dissipation substrate which is bonded with the reflector layer through an adhesive. The reflector layer has an opening for a surface of the metallized ceramic heat dissipation substrate to be exposed therefrom. The reflector layer may be formed with ceramic or polymer plastic material, to enhance the refractory property and the reliability of the package structure. In addition, the packaging structure may make use of existing packaging machine for subsequent electronic component packaging, without increasing the fabrication cost.

Abstract: A component-embedded resin substrate (1) includes a plurality of resin layers (2) made of a first resin and laminated on one another, and a component (3) arranged to be surrounded by each resin layer (2) in a first group (8) which is a group of two or more resin layers arranged successively in a thickness direction included in the plurality of resin layers (2). An auxiliary resin portion (9) made of a second resin different from the first resin is arranged to be in contact with and along at least one of surfaces of the component (3).

Abstract: A method for fabricating a laminated composite body including a metal foil and a plurality of fiber plies. The method includes perforating a sheet of metal foil, stacking the perforated metal foil sheet and the plurality of fiber plies in face to face relation in a predetermined order and orientation, and infusing resin into the stacked sheet and plies so that resin flows through the perforations in the metal foil sheet and intersperses between the plurality of fiber plies to form the laminated composite body.

Abstract: A releasable medical drape, and systems and methods having the same, includes at least a liquid-impermeable, vapor-permeable layer, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and a soft-gel layer having a plurality of apertures. The soft-gel layer is configured to be disposed adjacent to a tissue site. A portion of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer extends through the plurality of apertures in the soft-gel layer to contact the tissue site. The soft-gel layer forms a good seal with the tissue site and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer extending through the plurality of apertures forms a firm—but releasable—coupling with the tissue site.

Abstract: A system for fastening two parts at abutting surfaces by forming an in-situ fastener. A device selectively forms variable width through holes on two parts to be fastened, such that the width of each through hole is larger on the first surface than the opposing second surface. Opposing first and second platens selectively urge the second surfaces of the two parts into engagement while the through holes of the two parts are in fluid communication with each other. An injection system includes a flow passage through the first platen to the through hole on the part engaged by the first platen, and a pressurizing mechanism for urging the flowable and hardenable material through the flow passage and into the first and second through holes between the first and second platens under pressure. Pressure is maintained while the flowable and hardenable material hardens within the through holes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to converting lines for manufacturing absorbent articles, and more particularly, to converting lines having modular process equipment modules and converting mechanisms reconfigurable for making different absorbent articles.

Abstract: A method to manufacture microfluidic sensors 100, 100?, 132, 280, 380, includes stacking a plurality of layers of material to form at least a first cap layer 102, a first channel layer 104, an interrogation layer 106, and a second channel layer 108. During assembly, ribbon sections of substrate layers are sandwiched to cooperatively align elements through-the-thickness of the sandwich. Individual sensors are then removed from the sandwich ribbon 504. A componentizing step includes forming one or more element for successive sensors spaced along the axial length of a ribbon of substrate material. Certain elements include electrically conductive patterned structures 250 printed onto a substrate using conductive ink and a printing process. Sometimes, the printing process places material in operable position to conduct electricity through the thickness of at least one ribbon. Other elements may include channels 112, 116; tunnels 114, and vias 260, 268.

Abstract: A method of making a color display device and color display device are provided for the display of metallic or special effect pigmented paint using commercially available or the manufacturer's paint. In the method provided herein, the metallic or special effect pigmented paint is sprayed onto a web behind a knife or onto a first roller which is a part of a roller roller coater.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing container labels are presented, the container label having a blank name space, the blank name space configured for personalization of a container by writing a user's name or an identification on the blank name space, the method including: designing the container label, the container label having a first surface, where the container label includes a first surface, and where the container label includes graphics and the blank name space void of graphics on the first surface; printing the container label; applying a texture to the blank name space, where the texture provides a writable surface on the first surface; and permanently applying the container label to the container.

Abstract: An apparatus of the present invention includes a pad sheet having at least one coupon; and at least one anchor strip coupled to the at least one coupon. The pad sheet further includes a base sheet from which the at least one coupon and the at least one anchor strip is formed, and a microperforation line and a perforation line between which the anchor strip is located. The apparatus is further configured to be fed through a printer. A method of assembling a flyer assembly according to the present invention includes providing a base sheet material, forming at least one perforation line in the base sheet material, forming at least one microperforation line in the base sheet material parallel to the at least one perforation line, and attaching an adhesive strip to the base sheet material between the perforation line and the microperforation line.

Abstract: Methods for stretching nonwoven substrate material to reduce the basis weight of the material while maintaining or increasing thickness is disclosed. Additionally, the stretched substrate materials provide the same or improved strength as compared to conventional nonwoven materials and provide a softer feel to the user's skin.

Abstract: A method for producing a laminate made up of at least two films/foils is provided. At least one first film/foil is structured and subsequently laminated to at least one second film/foil. The at least one second film/foil is punched by at least one tool in a single working step and is laminated to the structured first film/foil simultaneously. The films/foils are conveyed, at least part of the time, to the at least one tool. A laminate produced according to such a method and a device for producing a laminate using such a method are also provided. The device is suited for conveying and laminating the at least one first and second films/foils, wherein regions of the films/foils are aligned to be parallel with respect to each other. The device includes at least one tool that can be used to punch-laminate second film/foil onto the first film/foil.

Abstract: Provided are graphene-based nanopore and nanostructure devices, which devices may include an insulating layer disposed atop the graphene, which can be in a planar shape or nanostructured into a ribbon or other shapes, containing a single graphene layer or several layers. Graphene layers and nanostructures can be placed nearby horizontally or stacked vertically. Also provided are related methods of fabricating and processing such devices and also methods of using such devices in macromolecular analysis.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a reliable multilayer wiring substrate at a relatively low cost having little or no warpage or distortion is provided. In certain embodiments an insulation core made of an insulation material that is more rigid than that of resin insulation layers is prepared. A through hole is formed through core upper and lower surfaces of the insulation core, and a through hole conductor is formed therein. A plate-like substrate is prepared, and resin insulation layers and at least one conductor layer are laminated on the substrate to form a first buildup layer. The insulation core is laminated on the first buildup layer so as to electrically connect the conductor layer and the through hole conductor. Resin insulation layers and at least one conductor layer are then laminated on the insulation core. Lastly, the substrate is separated from the first buildup layer to yield a multilayer wiring substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a combined circuit board includes the following steps. First, through portions (TPs) arranged in a predetermined format are formed in a rigid substrate (RS) such that the RS is divided into a predetermined removed region (PRR1) and a predetermined reserved region (PRR2) according to the arrangement of the TPs. Next, a conductive bonding layer (CRL) and a flexible circuit board (FCB) are respectively laminated on two opposite sides of the RS and part of a dielectric bonding layer of the CBL fills the TPs, Next, the RS, the FCB and the CBL are bent according to the TPs such that the PRR2 is bent at the TPs relative to the PRR1, Finally, part of the RS located at the PRR1 and part of the CBL corresponding to the PRR1 are removed to form an indentation to expose part of the FCB.

Abstract: A microfluidic flow cell subassembly, which may be assembled into a flow cell having fluidic connections outside of the main substrate, is described for encapsulating a sample to allow for subsequent controlled delivery of reagents to the sample, such as multiplexed in situ biomarker staining and analysis. Methods for fabricating the subassembly and assembled flow cell are also provided. The method includes the steps of adhering a gasket layer to a substrate layer, wherein the gasket layer may contain enclosed features and adhering an adherent layer to the gasket layer. The subassembly may be sealed against a solid support to form a flow cell.

Abstract: A method of making a construction for an indexable cutter insert, the method including providing a wafer (20) comprising ceramic material, the wafer (20) being substantially unsupported by a cemented carbide substrate and having a mean thickness of at most 2 mm; providing an insert base (30) having proximate and distal major ends (33, 34) connected by peripheral sides (36), the proximate end (33) of the insert base (30) being configured to have at least two corners (35) defined by junctions of the peripheral sides (36); the wafer (20) being configured to have at least two corners (25) corresponding to the two corners (35) of the proximate end (33) of the insert base (30); the method including bonding the wafer (20) to the proximate end (33) by means of a bond material, the corners (25) of the wafer (20) being disposed adjacent the corresponding corners (35) of the proximate end (33) to provide the construction.

Abstract: A light guide plate includes a number of optical fibers positioned side by side and transparent curable glue adhering the optical fibers together. The optical fibers and the curable glue cooperatively form a light incident surface and a light output surface connected to the light incident surface. The light output surface defines light output holes.

Abstract: A substrate, an array of organic electroluminescence element groups disposed on the substrate, each organic electroluminescence element group formed of a plurality of organic electroluminescence elements, a protective layer disposed on the array of organic electroluminescence element groups, and a laminate member disposed on the protective layer were divided between the array of organic electroluminescence element groups into a plurality of organic electroluminescence panels.

Abstract: A method for producing pant-type absorbent articles, each article including a chassis structure having at least one elastic panel and an integrated absorbent core component, the method including a continuous pant-forming process including forming the chassis structure and incorporating the absorbent core component into the chassis structure. The at least one elastic panel is formed by a) separately producing a two-layer laminate having a first non-elastic fibrous nonwoven web and an elastic film, b) activating the two-layer laminate by incremental stretching in at least one activation direction to render the two-layer laminate (elastically stretchable, c) stretching the activated two-layer laminate by 35-200% in the activation direction, d) introducing the two-layer laminate in the pant-forming process, and e) laminating the elastic film of the stretched two-layer laminate to an elastic or nonwoven chassis component. An absorbent pant-type article produced in accordance with the method.

Abstract: A decorative rigid body supply arrangement comprises a supply strip which includes a plurality of through holes extending from the upper side to the lower side and spaced apart in the direction of elongation; a plurality of decorative rigid bodies received in the through holes, wherein each through hole has an inner periphery which is in contact with an upper portion of an outer periphery of the decorative rigid body received in the through hole; and one or more elastic tapes adhered to the lower side of the supply strip, wherein the one or more elastic tapes provide at least one aperture, wherein the at least one aperture is registered with at least one of the through holes, wherein a periphery of the one or more elastic tapes holds the decorative rigid body within the through hole.

Abstract: Producing a local reinforcement in a core structure of a composite sandwich structure involves forming a hole in a cover layer and the core of the sandwich structure, forming a hollow space in the core with a diameter the same as or preferably larger than that of the hole, introducing a spatial bounding device through the hole into the hollow space, seating the spatial bounding device in the hollow space to contact outwardly against parts of the core preferably by outwardly expanding the device, and introducing a filler material into the spatial bounding device. A sandwich structure includes a core between cover layers, and a local reinforcement including a hole in at least one of the cover layers, a space in the core with a larger diameter than the hole, a spiral sleeve in the space, and a filler material inside the spiral sleeve.

Abstract: A sheet insulator is attached to an item of wearing apparel to provide thermal insulation. The sheet insulator has a fiber reinforced aerogel composite encapsulated within a plastic sheeting. The plastic sheeting is secured to the aerogel composite, surface to surface. The plastic sheeting and the aerogel composite have surface upsets such as elongated depressions or burrows positioned and oriented at a flexing position of the wearing apparel so that the sheet insulator is able to flex with the apparel enabling a more natural movement of the apparel.

Abstract: System and method for reinforcing structures includes basalt textile (20) connected to surfaces of the structure (100) with fiber anchors (30). Textile spreads forces and increases ductility of structure. Textile may connect multiple structural elements together, including walls, floors, columns, beams, and roofs. Textile is covered with mortar (50) customized to match color and texture of structure by use of locally obtained grit, aggregate, or colorant. Basalt fiber textile is preferred to avoid degradation of textile from alkaline components of mortar (50).

Abstract: A liner-less seal application system is programmed to generate a real time seal, the serial number of which is data-matched with product label data on an approach product article. The image is printed in the required position (to suit the article being sealed), onto the adhesive surface of the seal tape. A vacuum drive belt has both low and high vacuum sections to assist in moving the sealing tape along a vacuum drive belt toward the print head. The real-time seal is printed while the belt drive indexes the tape, and the cutting action is done while the system collects data and the belt drive is stationary. There is only one stepper motor employed to drive the vacuum belt. The vacuum belt drive pulls the tape from the unwind assembly and feeds the tape through the print head and onto the vacuum drum applicator. A perforator device bursts perforation across the round element of the seal image. This is to apply a weak point on which the seal will break if tampered with.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing absorbent articles in which first and second stabilizing strips confer stability during the manufacturing process by controlling the position of side panels with respect to absorbent structures. In the thus manufactured articles, material of the stabilizing strips remain on the side panels to provide a region of material having consistent properties.

Abstract: Saddle tap assemblies comprising internal collars and external saddle taps are disclosed. A saddle tap assembly may include an external slip tap, internal tap collar, a duct section, and adhesive. The external slip tap and the internal tap collar may each have a flange. The flanges may be curved. The flange of the internal collar may have a sheared portion permitting the flange of the internal collar to pass through an opening in a section of duct. The installation of saddle tap assemblies according to embodiments of the present invention is more cost-effective and less time consuming than conventional methods. Moreover, the seals and bonds formed using embodiments of the present invention provide for several layers of chemical protection and structural stiffening wherever the saddle tap assemblies are located.

Abstract: An apparatus for attachment to a portable image capture and storage device. The apparatus includes an auxiliary lens and an elastic band coupled thereto. The auxiliary lens is shaped for image alteration of an image obtained by the portable image capture and storage device. The auxiliary lens characterized by an optical axis extending from a base of the lens to a crown of the lens. The elastic band extends, at least in part, in a lateral direction, substantially orthogonal to the optical axis, from the auxiliary lens. The elastic band in combination with the auxiliary lens forms a closed loop whereby the apparatus is removably attachable to a peripheral portion of the image capture and storage device to alter the appearance of the image obtained by the portable image capture and storage device.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a printed circuit board is disclosed. The method includes opening a first window in a first base board and opening a second window in a second base board and a resin layer. The resin layer is between the second base board and the first base board. The method further includes bonding the first base board and the second base board through the resin layer; placing a heat dissipating conductor in the first window in the first base board through the second window; placing a resin portion on the first base board in the second window; embedding a sub-board in the second window of the second base board; and bonding the sub-board with the first base board through the resin portion.

Abstract: In a method of manufacture for a packaging film, a pour-hole film strip is supplied to a film web and with its film strip sealing layer is attached to that side of the film web which, when the packaging film is used as prescribed, forms a film inner side of the packaging so that a tensile force can be transmitted via a pull tab in the packaging film to a separating region in the film strip sealing layer and said separating region and an adjoining region of an adhesive layer form a reclosure cooperating with the pull tab.

Abstract: A sealing system that includes a switchable drape is presented. The drape provides enhanced sealing by using a high-strength adhesive. In one instance, the switchable drape has a plurality of perforations through which a switching solution may be delivered to the high-strength adhesive. The switching solution causes the high-strength adhesive to become less adhesive so that the switchable drape may be removed more easily. Other systems, methods, and drapes are presented.

Abstract: A method for making a housing comprising: providing a metal layer, a decorative layer, and an adhesive layer; attaching the adhesive layer to the decorative layer; attaching the adhesive layer to the metal layer to form a intermediate product; and punching the intermediate product by a stamping mold to form the housing. The application also discloses a housing used in a portable electronic device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for forming cellular or non-cellular window shades directly from raw stock to the final desired window shade color, height and width to fit a particular window size, with essentially no wasted material. The shade is fabricated from a bonded array of a predetermined number of stacked, identically shaped and sized, elements or preforms of uniform length corresponding to one of the height or width dimensions of the desired window covering. The number of preforms is selected so that the length of the fully expanded array will correspond with the other of the height or width dimensions of the window covering. The raw stock is in the form of a continuously fed narrow strip of uncolored fabric to which the necessary coloring, folding, cutting-to-length, stacking and bonding steps are applied within the disclosed apparatus.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention include a method for preparing a carbon-containing membrane. The method includes preparing a carbon-containing solution and then washing and filtering the carbon-containing solution. The method further provides adding a volume of the washed and filtered carbon-containing solution to a receptacle that includes an aqueous solution. After a predetermined amount of time, the carbon-containing solution will equilibrate and form sheets of carbon-containing materials that float on a surface of the aqueous solution. The method further includes defining an aperture through at least a portion of a substrate and then inserting the substrate in the receptacle so that at least a portion of the carbon-containing sheets adhere to the substrate. In addition, the method further includes thermally treating the membrane to improve its molecular impermeability.

Abstract: A packaging substrate device includes: a first laminate including a first ceramic substrate and a first copper pattern disposed on an upper surface of the first ceramic substrate; and a second laminate disposed over the first copper pattern and including a second ceramic substrate, a second copper pattern that is disposed on an upper surface of the second ceramic substrate, and a through hole extending through the second ceramic substrate and the second copper pattern to expose a copper portion of the first copper pattern. A light emitting semiconductor die can be mounted on the copper portion within the through hole. Efficient heat dissipation can be achieved through the first laminate.

Abstract: A process of making a multilayered product having an interior honeycomb layer or core. The interior layer is formed by extruding a generally corrugated web of material. The corrugated web is cut and folded to create the honeycomb core. Outer protective skins are applied to exterior surfaces of the interior layer to create a multilayered material which is then cut to size.