Abstract: Method for protecting intermediate layers of a multi-layer printed circuit board from chemical or other damage from processing of a layer or layers to which previously fabricated layers of the printed circuit board are attached prior to such additional processing. A thin layer of protective material is selectively attached to intermediate or inner layers of a multi-layer printed circuit board after fabrication of such layers, when the outer or subsequent layers are attached. Inner or intermediate layer(s) of a multi-layer printed circuit board are fabricated. When outer layer(s) of the resulting printed circuit board are attached to the inner or intermediate layer(s), a layer of protective material such as a thin sheet of chemical-resistive plastic is disposed between the inner or intermediate layer(s) and the outer layer(s) and is selectively or completely attached or bonded thereto such as with a layer of acrylic adhesive.

Abstract: Metallized plastic sheet film products improved by being perforated through their surfaces are disclosed. These sheet products can be incorporated into improved strength composites since their perforations permit glue through and prevent delamination and shear previously observed with metallized plastic sheet film products. In addition, the perforations can be used to adjust the conductivity/resistance of the electrically conductive sheet films.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for forming cellular core structures from corrugated fibreboard utilizing flat sheets of single wall corrugated board of rectangular configuration. The sheets are fed end one at a time in the direction of the board flutes into a rotary die cutting station to form a parallel array of evenly spaced die cut lines extending perpendicular to the flute-feed direction from one side edge to the other side edge of each sheet. Each die cut line is defined by an alternating series of very long die cuts and very short die cuts individually spaced from one another along the die cut line by very short uncut sheet material connecting portions to thereby form a plurality of strips of sheet material intermittently integrally joined by the uncut sheet material connecting portions. An array of crease lines extend parallel to the flute-feed direction and are arranged in pairs of spaced apart in the direction of the die cut lines and closely flanking each of the uncut connecting portions.

Abstract: A perforated web-like bituminous roofing material comprising a perforated, bituminized carrier, at the side facing, in the condition of use, the roof area to be coated, is provided with a metal foil leaving clear the perforations in the bituminized carrier. The roofing material can be manufactured by finishing one side of a perforated bituminized carrier with fine sprinkling material and coating the other side with an imperforate metal foil, and subsequently removing the metal foil at the perforations.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multiple-layer film having a support film, a first double film laminated thereto, which is formed from a single-ply blown tube collapsed by atmospheric pressure. The support film and the double film laminated thereto are perforated with pinholes. On the side opposite the support film the double film is laminated to a barrier film and the latter is laminated to a weldable layer of film.

Abstract: An absorbent dressing comprising, a transparent backing sheet having a relatively high water vapor permeability, a front sheet having a pressure sensitive adhesive on a front surface thereof for facing a wound with the front sheet and adhesive having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough, and an absorbent layer intermediate the front sheet and backing sheet having a plurality of openings in register with the apertures of the front sheet, with the openings of the layer being at least as large as the apertures of the front sheet.

Abstract: An adhesive label or leaflet assembly comprises a flexible carrier strip 10 with a series of labels or leaflets spaced along its length and each secured thereto by an adhesive strip 21. The face of the carrier strip 10 on which the labels or leaflets are disposed is coated with a release material, and the adhesive strip adheres to the front sheet 14 of the label or leaflet and has bands 23 extending lengthwise of the carrier strip beyond the ends of each label or leaflet and adhering to the release material. Each label or leaflet comprises a back sheet 15, a front sheet 14 and one or more further sheets 17, 19 all connected together along fold lines 16, 18, 20, the further sheets being disposed between the front and back sheets. The labels or leaflets in the resulting assembly can readily be dispensed on to a succession of containers by automatic machinery, the bands 23 then serving to secure the labels or leaflets to the containers.

Abstract: A low cost process for molding of plastic clothing is described. The clothing can be stored on rolls or in flat packs prior to use. It can be removed by tearing an individual garment along the perforations provided.

Abstract: An electric-knife cleaning device useful in connection with surgery comprising a cleaning head mounted on a laminated base, the bottom lamina of which is a removable pull-off sheet adhered to said base by a tacky adhesive which remains on said base when said pull-off sheet is removed and is then operative to adhere said base to a surface, and the top lamina of which comprises means for mounting said cleaning head on said base, whereby the bottom lamina can be removed and the device adhered to a surface adjacent the situs of the surgery in a position convenient for cleaning the knife during the surgery, is disclosed, as well as a method for its production and use.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing a banner consisting of an elongated flexible strip upon which indicia is located wherein the indicia is formed by computer-controlled apparatus. A masking material is directly laminated to the banner face and, preferably, the lateral edge regions of the banner are provided with drive and orientation holes cooperating with drive structure of a computer-controlled cutting machine through which the laminated banner and mask are fed. The computer-controlled cutter slits only the masking material to define the desired indicia and the unwanted portions of the masking material are then peeled from the banner face. The remaining masking material may form the indicia itself, but in the preferred embodiment, the exposed banner face is coated, as with paint, and after drying, the remaining masking material is removed from the banner face to produce a long-lasting banner having painted indicia defined thereon.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously applying precut protective swatches of precured polymer film to each semiconductor die on a wafer, whereby an indexed greater-than wafer-width strip of precured polyimide film having a heat-attach adhesive on its lower surface is die punched to remove essentially half of the scrap film, material between each of the individual portions on the film which dimensionally correspond to the areas of individual dies on a silicon wafer requiring protection. Each punched area corresponds to areas on the wafer die matrix that are to remain unprotected. Following this first punching, a strip of dimensionally-stable backing paper coated with heat-release adhesive is bonded to the upper surface of the polyimide strip in the region which will become matrices of swatches. The double layer strip is then subjected to second die-punch process which removes the remaining scrap film material between the individual swatches.

Abstract: Adhesion of copper to a resin layer is improved by reducing a copper oxide layer with an aqueous aldehyde solution (a) while applying a potential of -1000 mV to -400 mV to the copper oxide layer, (b) after contacting with a metal piece made of copper or a metal nobler than copper, or (c) after contacting with an aqueous solution of alkali borohydride.

Abstract: The invention concerns a procedure for manufacturing a screen-in-lay for systematic-screen fields with square or rectangular frame elements which can be attached to a substructure, on which a correspondingly square or rectangular screen-mat made of a rubber-elastic material, with perforated areas is attached in such a way as to be removable. The screen-mat has boshable, continuous ribs, which can be boshed into corresponding recessions at the upper sides of the flanges of the frame elements. The manufacturing expense for such a screen in-lay is to be reduced by having a section of a flat material cut off for the manufacture of the screen mat, such that only minimal work must still be undertaken on such a section in order to obtain a completed screen mat.

Abstract: A thin sheet of metal foil is inserted in a typewriter and conventional typing strokes produce indentations therein. The ribbon of the typewriter contains material of a high degree of visibility which is deposited at the bottom of the indentations. A fixative ensures that the material is properly disposed in place. The sheet is mounted on a base and a layer of clear plastic is provided around the plaque. The plaque is removably mounted on a coffin by a pair of pins or brackets each of which includes portions disposed at an angle of about 45.degree. to one another. Attaching means including a bracelet secures the plaque to the remains within the coffin.

Abstract: A method for producing a hybrid multi-layered circuit substrate which utilizes prefabricated flexible printed circuit(s) which are rigidized in areas which define high density hybrid circuits. The hybrid circuit regions are formed by disposing copper-lined sheets on both surfaces of the flexible circuit, adhesively bonding the copper-lined sheets to the flexible circuit, forming through-hole conductors and etching a circuit pattern in the copper layer of the lined sheets. The copper-lined sheets are initially general coextensive in size and shape with the flexible circuit and are subsequently severed so that the copper-lined sheets remain only in the hybridized portions of the product. Separation is achieved by mechanically punching along predetermined boundaries and is facilitated by providing either any elongated narrow through-hole at the boundary of the hybrid circuit from which the flexible circuit will extend the end product or by forming a groove in the copper-lined sheets at such boundary.

Abstract: A piece of furniture having an upstanding back or arm rest is made by first temporarily securing wire mesh to a frame, then plastically deforming and shaping the mesh on the frame to form the upstanding rest with a three-dimensional shape, and then applying to the shaped mesh a layer of glass-fiber web, soaking same with a hardenable resin, and curing the resin-soaked web until it hardens. At least one anchor is fixed to the cured resin-soaked web and at least one further layer of glass-fiber web is applied to the cured web, soaked with resin, and hardened until the anchors are securely fixed therein to form a free-form shell. The wire mesh is then stripped from the shell, which is trimmed and otherwise finished, padded, and covered. The covered shell is then secured by the anchors to a rigid base. The padded shell is covered with a fine hide having a thickness of at most about 1 mm. A layer at most 6 mm thick of fine padding is adhered to the inside surface of the hide before it is put over the padded shell.

Abstract: The irrigation hose comprises two tubes disposed one within the other, at least one of the tubes being grooved. The ungrooved tube forms with the groove or grooves of the other tube continuous secondary ducts over the entire length of the hose. Inlet ports and outlet ports delimit in the secondary ducts sections of a predetermined length, each yielding a flow capable of continuously drip-irrigating a plant in the area to be irrigated. The outlet ports and the inlet ports are distributed along spiral lines if the secondary ducts are straight and along straight lines constituting generatrices of the hose if the secondary ducts run along spirals.

Abstract: The product of the invention is a plastic tape, for example pressure sensitive plastic adhesive tape, which can easily be manually torn, as from a supply roll, without the use of any tool. At least one edge of the tape is provided with a series of closely spaced points of weakness by cutting or tearing therein shallow slits or notches at which tearing can be easily initiated. Such points of weakness may be formed in the tape prior to rolling into a supply roll or may be imposed by working the flat side of a roll with sharp grit sandpaper or the like or by cutting means.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing multisheet or manifold business forms assemblies comprises at least one pair of rotary slitters, a male crimping die or punch associated with one of the slitting blades of the pair for rotation therewith, and a female crimping die or punch receptacle associated with the other of the slitting blades for rotation therewith. Upon rotation of the slitters and their associated crimping dies, the manifold assembly is concurrently slit and crimped to produce locks or paper staples in the body of the assembly. These paper staples effectively hold the various sheets of the assembly in registration or alignment during subsequent processing, but readily permit separation of the various sheets of the assembly when desired.

Abstract: A method for producing an absorption body, notably for use in cases of female incontinence which include forming a core by dry depositing a layer of hot meltable thermoplastic fibers and a highly absorbing pulverulent material, e.g. a cross-linked polymer prepared from a methacrylic monomer, on a porous sheet, subjecting the layer to heat treatment to form a stable three-dimensional fiber network and cutting or milling several preferably rectilinear, deep channels in the core surface.

Abstract: A process and article for producing finished artwork based on a previously completed professional rendering of the same image. The process uses the placement and temporary adhesion of the article an imprinted, transparent film, to a substrate work surface upon which a finished image will be applied in stages. Sections of the film are serially removed by cutting them along outlines imprinted on the film; pigment is applied to the exposed areas of the substrate; the cut sections are replaced, and new sections of film are cut and removed for the application of other pigment. The serial removal and replacement of cut film sections is performed according to an order indicated in the imprinting of the film.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a non-metallic honeycomb having a perforated septum embedded therein in a plane extending perpendicularly to cell walls of the honeycomb, the cell walls of the honeycomb each having discontinuous opposite outer edge surfaces, including the steps of protecting the cell walls with a protectant mixture applied to one of the outer edge surfaces; and laser drilling the septum with a plurality of laser beams originating from a point exterior to the cell walls opposite the covered edge surface in a direction parallel to said cell walls and perpendicular to the plane of the septum, the protectant mixture covering an area of the outer edge surface sufficient to prevent damage to the cell walls.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for fabricating multilayer circuits on rigid substrates using conventional dielectric green tape and thick film conductive pastes while maintaining excellent X-Y dimensional stability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making a boat, or similar vessel, having a hull section to be bonded to a deck section. Pairs of pivotal arms are located adjacent the hull and adapted to be rotated in a first direction towards each of the sides thereof. A plurality of vacuum assemblies, each assembly including a vacuum cup, are attached to the pivotal arms and movable therewith toward the sides of the hull. A vacuum line is connected in common with each of the vacuum cups by which to establish a vacuum for causing the cups to become firmly attached to opposite sides of the hull. When the pivotal arms are rotated in a second, opposite direction, the hull is correspondingly pulled into contact with a peripheral lip of the deck. A layer of glue is deposited around the peripheral lip of the deck, so that the deck and hull sections will be bonded together to form a complete hull.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for filling vias in a sheet of dielectric tape for use in fabricating hybrid multilayer circuit structures. The process includes the steps of securing a sheet of dielectric tape (11) comprising a dielectric layer and a supporting carrier layer to a frame (13), forming vias (19) in the dielectric tape, securing the frame with the dielectric tape to a via filling fixture (17), filling the vias with via fill metallization, and removing the dielectric tape from the via filling fixture. The process further contemplates filling vias of dielectric tape secured directly to an exposed surface of a hybrid circuit during the manufacturing process.

Abstract: Multilayer rigid flex printed circuits are fabricated by a novel process to provide structures having rigid sections incorporating insulator materials which, when subjected to elevated temperatures, do not expand sufficiently in the Z direction to cause difficulties, including delamination and cracking of plated through barrels. The flex section includes flexible insulator materials which extend to but not a substantial distance into the rigid section.

Abstract: A biomedical electrode comprised of an electrical terminal member, an ionically conductive layer, a retainer sheet, a medical tape, first and second release liners, and a protective sheet is provided. The base of the electrical terminal member is disposed between the retainer sheet and the ionically conductive layer so that the retainer sheet prevents dislodging of the terminal upon connection and disconnection of a lead-wire. Also disclosed is an economical high speed method of manufacturing electrodes.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fabric-covered article, preferably a belt buckle, and a method for trimming the excess fabric and backing sheet material from a fabric-covered article. Apparatus for manufacturing the fabric-covered article, preferably a belt buckle and for trimming the excess fabric material after the fabric has been glued to the backing sheet, with a buckle-shaped insert sandwiched therebetween.

Abstract: A method of laminating a porous overlay material to a perforated plate with a dry film adhesive which does not block perforations or pores in the two components. A lay-up is preferably prepared by assembling in order on a vacuum platen a porous peel ply sheet, a sheet of dry film adhesive, a perforated plate, a sheet of microporous material to be bonded to the perforated plate and an air permeable sheet. A vacuum is drawn through holes in the vacuum platen contiguous to the bottom surface of the porous peel ply sheet while the assembly is heated to the softening temperature of the adhesive film. The vacuum is directly applied through the perforation, drawing the film down through the perforations and into contact with the peel ply sheet. As heating continues the film softens sufficiently to adhesively bond the microporous material to the perforated sheet.

Abstract: A web of plastic is welded to the internal surface of a plastic tube. A method, apparatus and product are described.

Abstract: The invention is for a system and method of ultrasonically perforating a continuously moving strip of material in a matrix pattern. The system comprises a knurled rotating drum having sharp, perforating projections over which the strip to be perforated is caused to pass. A sonic horn positioned over the strip forces the strip into perforating contact with the drum, rapidly.

Abstract: A method is provided for constructing a thinwall pressure vessel having a thermoplastic inner liner, a filament wound outer shell and at least one localized area of increased thickness in its sidewall. The method includes providing an insert formed from thermoplastic material or other suitable material which is bondable with the material of the inner liner. The manufacturer uses this insert to form a localized area of increased thickness in the sidewall of the pressure vessel. First, the manufacturer blow molds or otherwise forms a thermoplastic inner liner and bonds the insert to the inner liner. The manufacturer then provides a means for locating or finding the port of the insert and constructs the outer shell with glass filaments impregnated with a resinous material or other suitable material. Then, after locating the insert, the maker forms an opening which extends through the entire sidewall of the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A stack of interlocked detachable bags, preferably formed from a thermoplastic foil strip, and each comprising two walls, a front wall and a back wall, preferably at least one handle-shaped incision positioned on one of said walls adjacent an upper filling opening, wherein the individual bags each have an interlock piece and are attached together with the aid of at least one interlock means engaging their interlock pieces, and by means of a row of perforations forming an edge of the interlock piece the individual bags are detachable from the interlocked stack by tearing off. On one of the walls of each bag adjacent an upper filling opening edge of that bag a reinforcing piece, preferably of plastic foil, with the interlock piece is attached so that the interlock piece protrudes above the filling opening edge. Advantageously the inside of the back wall is provided with the protruding interlock and reinforcing pieces.

Abstract: A composite substrate for use as a coversheet on disposable articles such as disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, disposable bed pads, nursing pads, finger dressings, and incontinent diapers, or the like. The cover sheet comprises an inner layer of polyethylene thermoplastic film secured to and between the inner surfaces of a top layer and a bottom layer of nonwoven polypropylene fibrous webs, by means of a pair of, one of which being a heated embossed roll applied to at least one of the outer surfaces of the fibrous web. The heat from the heated roll causes the film to melt in discrete areas forming apertures therein without substantially affecting the fibrous webs. As the film melts, it contacts fibers in the substantially unaffected adjacent fibrous web layers, causing the film and webs to be secured to each other at least at the peripheral edges of the discrete apertured areas, leaving a matrix of fibers covering the apertured areas.

Abstract: A continuous vulcanized assembly process for producing an anti-fouling material comprises cleaning the surface of a sheet of copper alloy anti-fouling material by shotblasting, use of a rotary abrasive member or by a chemical treatment. A layer of elastomeric material is extruded onto the metallic material and the elastomeric material is then cured at an elevated temperature using a rotary press. The material thus produced can be stored on reels for subsequent attachmnent to appropriate structures.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for stitching sheets of paper together by means of a hardenable liquid applied to hollow needles which roll with the movement of the stack of sheets moving tangentially to the rotational action of the applicator needles. The needles can be readily arranged in any pattern of applying the hardenable liquid to the stack of sheets, as desired, and the liquid is applied under pressure only at the location of the sheets themselves. Finally, a cover is placed over the stack of sheets with the hardenable liquid not yet set, and thus the cover is automatically glued or adhered to the stack of sheets for a finally neat and complete product.

Abstract: A dunnage shock absorber and a method and apparatus for making the same is disclosed. The shock absorber is constructed from plastic material which forms a series of trigonal-shaped, gas-filled units which maintain adequate shock absorbing characteristics over a broad range of temperature conditions. This disclosed method includes the steps of forming a plastic tubular body, introducing a cooled gas into the body and forming individual trigonal-shaped units having cooled gas entrapped through angularly heat sealing the edges of such units. The disclosed apparatus forms plastic film into a series of gas-filled trigonal units through the use of fin seal rollers to seal the film into a tubular body. Sponge-like rollers downline of the fin seal rollers grip the tubular body and a conduit injects cooled gas into the tubular body. Horizontal and vertical sealers are provided downline of the sponge-like rollers to heat seal the tubular body with gas entrapped therein.

Abstract: A label to be affixed to a container is disclosed. The label includes a longitudinal strip divided into two or more panels by one or more transverse fold lines. An end panel of the strip forms a front cover for the remaining panel or panels when the remaining panel or panels is or are folded behind the front cover panel. The front cover panel has a folded edge defined by the fold line between the front cover panel and the adjacent panel and a free outer edge which is opposite the folded edge and extends beyond the remaining panel or panels of the strip when folded. The extending part of the front cover panel has one or more holes, a support web for the longitudinal strip and a layer of pressure sensitive self-adhesive material which is adhered by the self-adhesive surface thereof over the front cover panel.

Abstract: A plastic bag for retaining a content therein and wherein the bag has a gathered throat portion adjacent an end opening thereof, the gathered throat portion being formed by randomly disposed wall portions of the plastic material fused together by two or more rows of adjacent spaced apart fused zones of plastic material disposed about a plurality of needle holes. The apparatus comprises at least one set of opposed gathering jaw plates for gathering, in a random fashion, a circumferential portion of the plastic bag adjacent the end opening thereof to form a gathered throat portion. Two pressing plates are disposed on a respective side of the gathered throat portion and are each provided with two or more spaced apart rows of needle receiving bores disposed adjacent one another in differing planes. A needle support block of heat conductive material has needles secured thereto for conducting heat from the block.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a bilayer or antilacerative windshield comprised of a rigid substrate and an innerliner, including the steps of producing a hole in the innerliner, assembling the rigid substrate and the innerliner together in interfacial relation to each other, and then placing an insert into the hole. Thereafter, the rigid substrate and the innerliner are laminated together to thereby provide the antilacerative windshield, the insert serving to prevent flow of the innerliner into the hole during the laminating step. After the laminating step is completed, the insert is removed from the hole, to thereby open the hole to expose the adjacent surface of the rigid substrate. The mounting pad or "button" of a rear view mirror is then affixed to the exposed surface of the rigid substrate.

Abstract: The method and arrangement according to the invention utilize an adhesive tape (1) covered with a protective layer (2) provided with openings (4).This tape is glued on a film (5) carrying contact metallizations (8) and integrated circuit chips (6) electrically connected to the said metallizations. The tape is glued on the film in such a manner that its openings (4) correspond to the positions of the integrated circuit chips (6). Subsequently, a coating varnish is applied by pulverization to the film and then the protective layer is removed with the varnish covering it. Vignettes slightly larger than the said openings are then cut in the film in such a manner that an adhesive ring is left around the integrated circuit chips. Each vignette is finally arranged in a recess ad hoc (12) of a card (10).

Abstract: An inexpensive method of forming close tolerance holes in composites utilizing the B-stage characteristics of those composites. The holes are formed by assembling the composite structure, B-staging the composite material, cutting or drilling undersized holes in the B-staged material, inserting appropriate male forming pins, dies or mandrels in the holes, completing the curing of the composite structure with pins in place and then removing the pins to leave high quality, close tolerance holes in the composite structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for attaching a fitment to a web of film in a form, fill, and seal packaging machine is provided. The apparatus includes a press for orienting the fitments on one side of a web of film, and a film piercer and sealer. The film piercer and sealer includes a heated face and tip and is designed to contemporaneously pierce and seal of web of film to the fitment.

Abstract: Multilayer labels may be manufactured by providing at least one continuous web with adhesive applied at least to spaced leaflet site portions of one face thereof. One applies leaflet members to the spaced leaflet site portions, followed by pressing the leaflet members and web together to adhere the leaflet members to the web. Thereafter, one cuts the continuous web to provide a plurality of separate, leaflet-carrying labels.

Abstract: A composite printed circuit board structure including multiple layers of graphite interleaved with layers of a dielectric material, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and woven glass laminate. Some of the dielectric layers are copper clad, and at least some of the graphite layers are positioned in close proximity to the copper cladding layers, to provide good heat dissipation properties. The PTFE provides a desirably low dielectric constant and the graphite also provides good mechanical strength and a low or negative coefficient of thermal expansion, to permit matching of the coefficient with that of chip carriers used to mount components on the circuit board.

Abstract: An ostomy device comprises an ostomy bag with a first coupling member attached thereto. A second coupling member for mating engagement with the first is attached to an adhesive backed label for adhering to the skin of the wearer around a stoma by a flexible mounting member comprising first and second sections coupled together at an inner peripheral region defining a stoma aperture therein. The second coupling member is attached to the first section at an outer peripheral region spaced apart from the inner peripheral region by hot melt adhesive while the second section is attached to the label at an outer peripheral region spaced apart from the inner peripheral region. The second section is attached by hot melt adhesive.

Abstract: A self-adhesive label on a release backing material comprising a sheet which has been folded so that an upper sheet portion covers, and extends over an edge of, a lower sheet portion, the upper surface of the upper sheet portion bearing a desired lithographically printed image and the two opposed inner surfaces of the sheet portions bearing a second desired printed image. The self-adhesive label is manufacutred from a support web comprising a self-adhesive backed material carried on a release backing material. The lower surface of the lower sheet portion and the lower surface of the extending part of the upper sheet portion of the sheet being adhered to the upper surface of the self-adhesive backed material, and a weakened tear line extends across that part of the upper sheet portion which covers the lower sheet portion whereby the tear line can be torn thereby to unfold the label and reveal the two opposed inner surfaces.

Abstract: A method of forming perforations in polymer film includes the steps of forming a conductive film pattern on the film preferably in a bow tie shape using a material with a moderate resistivity and applying a microwave field across the film for a few seconds whereupon sufficient electrical energy is dissipated in the conductive spot to perforate the polymer. This method is operative even when the polymer film is laminated between layers of other dielectric material prior to the microwave processing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas permeable packaging material, which comprises the steps of forming a laminate composed of an outer plastic film and a gas permeable inner sheet with a first heat-sealable layer interposed therebetween, perforating the laminate with a number of micro-pores, which extend from the outer film side to at least the inner sheet, heat-sealing a second heat-sealable film with or without a number of small-pores to the inner sheet, and, if the second heat-sealable film is of no porous, forming a number of small-pores in the second heat-sealable film, a pore ratio of the second heat-sealable film being greater than that of the outer film.

Abstract: There are disclosed various embodiments of a composite web of pressure sensitive labels, method and apparatus for making such embodiments of the composite web, and method and apparatus by which a composite web of labels is advanced and by which labels are successively printed and applied to merchandise.