Abstract: A method is provided for continuously manufacturing a synthetic resin tube. A plurality of pre-molded flat strips of synthetic resin material is passed through a heating zone to soften the strips. Then, the strips thus softened composed of a first strip for forming an outermost tube wall, a second strip for forming an innermost tube wall and at least one intermediate strip for forming an intermediate tube wall sandwiched between the first and second strips are fed to a mandrel comprising a plurality of rotating rollers arranged in a circular array and rotatably journalled in an end plate. The strips fed to the mandrel are wrapped around and advanced axially along the length of the mandrel with portions of adjacent turns of the intermediate strip not overlapping each other. The strips thus wrapped around the mandrel is then pressed by a pressure roller so as to be joined and welded to form a tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of bonding low density or thin gauge polyurethane foams to polypropylene substrates, said apparatus including, a revolvable turntable for indexing the workpieces to various work stations, a conductive heating station to heat-liquify designated areas of the polypropylene substrate, and a compression station having compression platens to emboss the polyurethane foam onto the polypropylene substrate effectively fusing the polyurethane foam with the heat-liquified areas of polypropylene.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a thermoformed, form-retaining article comprising a form-retaining thermoformable substrate and a flexible web coverstock. The method comprises feeding a continuous strip of the flexible web coverstock through a thermoforming line comprising at least a lamination station, a thermoforming station and transport means. Sheets of the substrate are fed into the lamination station and there laminated to said continuous strip of coverstock material. The coverstock is wider than the substrate sheetstock laminated thereto, and thus, it extends laterally beyond the sheetstock, i.e., it has free longitudinal edges. The transport means engages the continuous strip of coverstock material along the free longitudinal edges thereof. The transport means is actuated to advance the continuous strip and, hence, each successive piece of substrate laminated thereto from the lamination station into the thermoforming station.

Abstract: A process for continuous fabrication of thermoplastic webs from at least one extruded thermoplastic web heated to processing temperature. This thermoplastic web is cooled under the application of area pressure down to a temperature at which smoothing of the surface is terminated. A calibrating and smoothing mechanism in the device for performing the process according to the invention consists of a double-band press which includes an apparatus for conducting heat away from the thermoplastic web in the reaction zone in which the area pressure is applied.

Abstract: Thermoplastic panels are formed and laminated together simultaneously by using a roller to provide vertical pressure to two heated thermoplastic sheets, one a composite thermoplastic sheet, the other a monolithic thermoplastic sheet. The monolithic thermoplastic sheet allows laminating protective layers to structural panels for improving scratch resistance, improving appearance or reducing chemical permeability.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filament winding an object from electrically conductive filament means impregnated with a thermomatrix binder. The filament means are wound onto an appropriate mandrel defining the shape of the object. An electrical current is passed through the filament means during the winding to thermally alter or melt the thermoplastic binder as the filament means are wound on the mandrel.

Abstract: A process for the production of multiple-layer moldings from a substrate, member based on polypropylene and an elastomer foam is provided wherein lamination of the foam to the substrate member and shaping of the polypropylene take place in one working step.

Abstract: Pre-glued, coil-coated brake shoe stock is manufactured on a continuous coil coating line wherein a heavy gauge steel strip is continuously fed through abrasion and surface cleaning steps, spray treated with a phosphoric acid/alcohol solution followed by a spray of phenol-formaldehyde resin, a controlled curing step, and again coiled. Brake shoes stamped from the stock made under the particular conditions described have higher shear strength and adhesion to the brake pad or lining materials than those of the prior art and have fewer problems in manufacturing.

Abstract: A coated fabric comprises a base ply of a fiber material such as a non-woven fiber material, for example, a polypropylene non-woven material, having a thermoplastic film, for example, an ethylene methyl acrylate film, bonded thereto. The base ply has densified and undensified portions thereof, the densified portions defining densified areas on a coating surface of the base ply, and the thermoplastic film is heat-bonded to the coating surface at least at the densified portions thereof. A method of making the coated fabric comprises contacting the thermoplastic film in heat-softened condition with the coating surface of the base ply, and allowing the film to cool.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rapidly bonding two surfaces which are associated with paper elements and corrugated paper elements. A heater plate is utilized to raise the temperature of one of the surfaces while a water based adhesive is applied to the other of said surfaces, which other surface remains at ambient temperature. The heated and ambient surfaces are subsequently contacted and pressure is applied between the surfaces until the bonding is complete.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for the preparation of a flexible base for printed circuit board of the type formed of lamination of a flexible sheet-like polymeric base and a metal, e.g. copper, foil adhesively bonded to the surface thereof by use of an adhesive, in which the surface of the polymeric base prior to bonding of the metal foil is subjected to exposure to low temperature plasma so that the adhesive bonding strength between the polymeric base and the metal foil can be greatly improved.

Abstract: A method of sequentially producing a plurality of disposable headdresses in which the edge of the cap fabric has been folded inward around a peripherally extending elastic cord to provide a smooth edge which contacts the wearer, and provides superior adhesion between the elastic cord and the cap fabric by utilizing an elastic cord and fabric which are coated with or made of thermoplastically compatible materials. The elastic cord and fabric are assembled by passing the fabric and the cord through a guide system which turns the fabric side edges down from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane while an edge guide lays the elastic cord under the fabric, and then turns the fabric under the cord to sandwich in the folded edge. Warm air preheaters heat the elastic cord and the fabric before completing the fabric fold around the cord. The folded edges with the cord inside pass between dual heat wheels which physically press the fabric to the cord and also seal the fabric edge to the inside of the crown.

Abstract: Composite panels with plastic core of polyvinylchloride and metal outer layers bonded to the core by means of adhesive layers, including those where flame retardant additives are incorporated in the plastic core, do not exhibit completely satisfactory properties for certain applications, in particular with respect to behavior under fire conditions viz., the creation of smoke. Composite panels having a plastic core of post-chlorinated polyvinylchloride or a mixture of the same with polyvinylchloride avoid these disadvantages.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for starch adhesive bonding of paper, paperboard, and natural cellulosic-fiber materials, especially liner and fluted corrugating medium, into manufactured items, particularly corrugated board. The method includes applying an adhesive coating, comprising starch and water, to a first substrate (e.g. tips of flutes of a corrugated medium), contacting the applied coating with another substrate (e.g. liner) and while so positioned contacting an exterior surface of at least one of the substrates with an ultrasonic energy generating means so as to transmit ultrasonic energy to the adhesive coating to increase coating adhesion to the substrates.

Abstract: A process is provided for covering an interior part with a layer of leather. The process includes subjecting a layer of leather to a heat treatment. A water-soluble protective film is then applied to the decorative upper side of the leather. The area of the interior part that is to be covered is cleaned using a solvent. An adhesive agent is applied to the cleaned area of the interior part using a brush. An adhesive agent is sprayed onto the backside of the leather layer. The two adhesive agents on the interior part and on the leather layer are ventilated. The leather layer is then applied to the interior part, and the water-soluble protective film on the decorative upper side of the leather is removed. The adhesive agent is then hardened.

Abstract: A multi-layered article is provided wherein at least one of the layers is made of an inert material that strongly resists adherence of adhesives thereto. The inert substrate of the multi-layered article has a thin plasma deposited film thereon, and an adhesive layer bonds another substrate to this thin plasma deposited film.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for the positioning and bonding of a solid body (2), in which one part of the solid body (2) together with the bonding agent (6) is to be attached to a further element (7) and bonded to a base (4) is to be capable of positioning the solid body (2), at the point attained from positioning, with both high precision and high long term stability. The solid body (2) is immersed in the bonding agent (6) and this bonding agent is in turn located in a groove of a further electrically conducting body (7). The further body (7) is heated by current flow to a temperature at which the solid body (2) is movable within the bonding agent. Upon attaining the desired positioning of the solid body (2), the bonding agent is allowed to cool through controlled reduction of the heating current until solidification occurs.

Abstract: A thermoplastic polyolefin substrate, preferably polyethylene or polypropylene, is joined to an ethylene-propylene polymer, preferably an ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer, by first locally preheating only selected portions of the surface of the thermoplastic substrate while maintaining the rest of the surface and of the substrate at a substantially lower temperature, then applying to substantially the entire surface of the substrate an unvulcanized layer of the ethylene-propylene polymer, and finally heating the elastomer layer and thermoplastic substrate to the vulcanization temperature of the polymer to vulcanize and/or cross-link same and to unitarily bond the layer and substrate together on the surface at the selected portions thereof but not on the surface between the selected portions. Thereafter the polymer layer and thermoplastic substrate are cured by cooling. A filter plate for a press filter can be made with this method.

Abstract: Colored polyester film laminates, well adopted as leaders for cassette recording tapes, are facilely produced by (a) coating one face surface of a first length of polyester film with a layer of colorant and adhesive, (b) heating said coated first length of polyester film to a laminating temperature, (c) heating a second length of polyester film to essentially the same laminating temperature as that of said first length of polyester film, (d) hot calendering and coextensively laminating together said first and second lengths of polyester films to produce a polyester film laminate which comprises a colorant/adhesive interlayer, and then (e) cooling and rolling said product laminate.

Abstract: A panel of microporous thermal insulation which comprises an envelope of glass fibre cloth which surrounds and is bonded to a block of microporous thermal insulation is manufactured by heating the glass fibre cloth so as to drive off organic material, applying a silane in an acidic solution to the cloth, drying the cloth in order to produce cross-linking of the silane so as to cause the cloth to stiffen, and applying to the cloth an aqueous suspension of particulate silica, an aqueous solution of sodium silicate or potassium silicate, or a cellulose solution. Microporous thermal insulation is introduced into a bag mode from the cloth and the bag is then compressed to consolidate the insulating material and to produce a bond between the insulating material and the bag.

Abstract: An adhesive, suitable for joining cured polyolefin articles, comprising a water curable polyolefin having a melt index of from 0.1 to 20, and a method of joining cured polyolefin articles, especially cured polyethylene pipes, comprising a step to apply the above adhesive to the surface of the articles and a step to join both of the surfaces to each other with the melt of the adhesive.

Abstract: A labeling machine for successively applying flexible plastic labels to round containers, such labeling machine incorporating equipment to sever labels from a web of indefinite length thereof, to apply a leading edge of each of such labels to the periphery of a rotating vacuum drum, heating the leading and trailing edges of each such label while on the rotating vacuum drum by directing warm air thereagainst to heat such leading and trailing edges to a temperature at which the material therein becomes self-adhesive, and bringing the heated leading edge of the label on the vacuum drum into contact with a container rolling along a curved surface at a label transfer station to cause the label to transfer to the container and to eventually wind itself around the rolling container, thereby causing the heated leading and trailing edges of the label to adhere to the container or, in the case of a label whose length exceeds the circumference of the container, to cause the trailing edge of the label to adhere to the ov

Abstract: A method for bonding silicone rubber to a metal member is shown in which the metal member is first treated by heating the metal member to a temperature and for a time sufficient to form an oxide layer on the outer surface of the metal member. The treated metal member is then contacted with an uncured silicone rubber composition, and the silicone rubber composition is cured to bond the treated metal member to the silicone rubber composition.

Abstract: Composite sheets with layers possessing different properties are provided which can be compression molded to produce molded panels with smooth glossy surfaces. A fiber free outer layer is laminated to a bulk layer comprising fiber mat compounded with thermoplastic resin filled with chopped fibers. The fiber free layer has a higher melt viscosity than the bulk layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a layer of blown cellular urethane on a primary carpet backing comprising the steps of preparing a mixture of reactive urethane forming agents, controlling the temperature of the reactive mixture, shaping the reactive mixture into a layer upon a latex film, heating the urethane forming mixture to initiate chemical blowing of the mixture, applying the underside of a previously tufted and heated primary carpet backing directly to the upper surface of the mixture, heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature, applying pressure to the carpet and mixture and stripping the carpet and cellular urethane layer from the conveyor belt.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for producing a plastics laminate material comprising a lamina of low density foamed polymeric material such as a non-cross linked polyethylene foam and a lamina of high density non-foamed polymeric material such as high density polyethylene, wherein the low density lamina is of at least 50 times greater thickness than the high density lamina, characterised in that the individual laminae are physically bonded between nip rollers at critical conditions of elevated pressure (e.g. 40 to 50 p.s.i.) and temperature (e.g. 125.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.) to bring about a very strong bond such that the bonded laminae do not readily peel apart. Temperature is particularly critical and should be brought close to and not substantially above the tackifying temperature of the low density foamed material. Air is preferably entrapped between the laminae during the process.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are described for processing and applying a protective foil to a flat sheet made, more particularly of a thermoplastic synthetic material. The protective foil is used to protect the relatively soft surface of the sheet but, during further processing, difficulties arise in that parts of the surface must be freed of protective foil. In order to protect at least certain areas of the sheet as long as possible from external effects or damage, there is provided a protective foil which, before it is applied to the sheet or to a strip from which the sheet is subsequently produced, is formed with perforations. During further processing of the sheet, the parts of the foil corresponding to the areas of the sheet that are to be freed, are removed and the remainder is protected by the remaining parts of the protective foil.

Abstract: A method for producing a multilayer printed-circuit board is disclosed, the method substantially comprises the steps of: printing an electrically conductive paste on one or both sides of a predetermined number of electrically insulated prepreg base plates to form thereon electrically conductive circuits; drying the circuit processed base plates; laminating and pressing the circuit processed base plates into a single laminated board; making holes in the single laminated board, the holes being extended through in the direction of the thickness of the board; and applying an electrical conductor to the inner faces of the holes to make electrically conductive the laminated circuits to each other within the single laminated board.

Abstract: A method of bonding plastic pipes, which comprises heat-melting the outer circumferential surface of an end portion of a plastic pipe and the inner circumferential surface of a sockt portion of a plastic joint, and inserting the end portion of the plastic pipe into the socket portion of the plastic joint to thereby bond the two; wherein the inner circumferential surface of the socket portion of the plastic joint is tapered so that the socket portion becomes progressively smaller in diameter in a direction away from its end portion, or the outer circumferential surface of the end portion of the plastic pipe is tapered so that the end portion becomes progressively smaller in diameter toward its insertion end, and wherein when the end portion of the plastic pipe is to be heated, the length from its insertion end of a part to be heated is made nearly equal to the final insertion length of the pipe and when the socket portion of the plastic joint is to be heated, the length from the socket end of a part to be heat

Abstract: A metal-laminated base material for printed circuit boards is produced in a double-belt press. Sheets of laminated material impregnated with an accelerated resin system and prehardened are preheated in a preheating zone, before running into a pressure-effective zone of the double-belt press, and are supplied together with the metal foils to the heating region of the pressure-effective zone. Here, the individual layers are pressed to form the base material. The base material is preferably cooled under pressure in a cooling region of the pressure-effective zone, if appropriate heat-treated, trimmed at the edges and cut to length. The process provides uniform base-material boards of perfect quality.

Abstract: A composite laminated, non-distortable needlepoint canvas material comprised of a primary layer of non-elastic, open-mesh woven fabric having a uniform weave pattern of mesh apertures and a relatively thin secondary mesh-stabilizing layer of sheer non-elastic fabric material. The threads of the open-mesh primary layer are impregnated and coated with a synthetic resin mesh-stiffening material and are bonded to the sheer secondary layer by the synthetic resin mesh-stiffening material of the primary layer or by a combination of such mesh-stiffening material and an applied synthetic adhesive. The threads of the primary layer are not susceptible to raveling at the edges of the composite needlepoint material. The sheer fabric secondary layer may be a non-woven, semi-transparent, random-spun synthetic fiber material or a sheer closely woven fabric material.

Abstract: A method of applying a dye image to a plastic member and the image bearing member thereby formed. A disperse dye having a melting point which is below the thermal deflection temperature of the plastic of the member and a vaporization point which is above said deflection temperature is applied to a surface of the member in a desired image. The dye bearing plastic is then heated to a temperature which is above the melting point of the dye and below the thermal deflection temperature of the plastic, but which is nevertheless high enough to cause some softening of said plastic. The dye is then permitted to diffuse into the plastic to provide a sharp, clear and durable image thereon.

Abstract: A method for adhering a coating material to at least one surface of a densified random-fiber composite sheet is provided. The method comprises applying sufficient heat to a surface of the composite sheet to form an activated surface whereby the fiber component of the sheet is projected outward from a plane defined by that surface, and contacting the activated surface with the coating material. The coating material is generally of a viscous or liquid nature such that it can physically interact with the projected fibers to adhere thereto. A method for adhering asphalt to a metal substrate employing a densified random-fiber composite sheet is also provided wherein the metal is coated with an adhesive and then adhered to an activated surface of a composite sheet. Asphalt is then coated onto the exposed surface of the composite sheet which has been activated or is activated by coating with hot asphalt.

Abstract: A continuous method for the manufacture of a circuit board wherein a coating of a solvent-free thermosetting resin is applied to the surface of a metal foil. The resin coated foil is advanced into contact with a reinforcing cloth sheet layer to form a foil/cloth assembly. The assembly is continuously conveyed between a pair of endless belts revolving in opposite directions with mutually facing surfaces, the belts being heated to the curing temperature of the resin whereby the belts are pressed against the assembly to continuously compact the assembly and cure the resin to form a composite product which can then be circuitized from a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for glueing corrugated board and an apparatus for carrying out the same, the method comprising: heating a starch glue to a predetermined temperature range by heat exchange; supplying the starch glue to a glue pan placed in a hot atmosphere of a heat-insulated space so as to maintain the glue in a heated state; feeding a corrugated core sheet and a liner into the heat-insulated space; applying the heated starch glue to ridge portions of the corrugated core sheet; and bonding together the corrugated core sheet and liner.

Abstract: A lightweight pliable flat conductor cable comprises a plurality of round wire conductors supported within generally parallel channels defined cooperatively by preformed and bonded plies of a polyimide insulation sheet material, particularly such as Kapton film. The Kapton film is highly resistant to degradation from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and further provides the conductor cable with a high degree of pliability throughout a broad range of temperature extremes, as encountered, for example, in an outer space environment. A method of forming the flat conductor cable is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for the production of a metal sheet covered with polyester resin film which comprises laminating a biaxially oriented polyester resin film which has been precoated uniformly with a small amount of an epoxy resin containing a curing agent of epoxy resin to a metal sheet covered with double layer consisting of an upper layer of hydrated chromium oxide and a lower layer of metallic chromium, which metal sheet has been heated to a temperature of 220.degree. C. to below the melting point of polyester resin film, in the condition wherein the surface of said polyester resin film precoated with an epoxy resin containing the curing agent of epoxy resin contacts the metal sheet.This metal sheet covered with polyester resin film is excellent in corrosion resistance and adhesion of polyester resin film to the metal sheet after any severe forming.

Abstract: Metal strips or foils more than 800 mm wide are brought to an end temperature of 100.degree.-300.degree. C. by stepwise heating. The strips or foils are deflected at an angle (.alpha.) of 15.degree.-150.degree. C. over 2 to 6 rolls set at increasing temperatures in the direction of throughput, at least the last roll having a double outer layer that can be heated, and the last roll being set at the final, desired temperature. The increases in temperature from one roll to the next lie between 20.degree. and 70.degree. C., preferably between 50.degree. and 60.degree. C. Usefully all the increases are the same. The process according to the invention is employed in the manufacture of composites and in the laminating and lacquering or painting of metal strips or foils.

Abstract: A system for securing literature to a container by means of a band segment includes a supply of banding material, drawing rollers for drawing out a predetermined length of band segment and a knife for cutting it off. A dispenser of the literature and a conveyor of containers are set in proximity with a carousel which carries an applicator head. The applicator head picks up the band segment by suction, then receives the literature by further use of suction, and finally places the literature and the band segment against the container by release of the suction and a sweeping movement of arms extending from the applicator head to the container. The band segment is supplied with a thermo-sensitive adhesive for effecting an adhesive bond to the container. The applicator head includes heaters for activating the adhesive over only that portion of the band segment which is to adhere to the container.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for the continuous production of metal-clad laminates, in particular, for the manufacture of electric printed circuit boards, consisting of an electrically insulating core layer and a metal foil covering one or both surfaces of this layer, wherein the metal foil unwound from a supply roll and pre-heated is bonded in a dual-belt press under the influence of pressure and heat to the core layer. In order to obtain an immaculate laminate surface, provision is made for the metal foil to be pre-heated while it is still wound on the supply roll. The source of the pre-heating of the metal foil is a heatable core of the supply roll, the pre-heated metal foil on entering the dual-belt press is pressed against the press belt of the press, and the metal foil supply roll and the region of the foil which is pressed against the press belt are arranged in a common clean air area.

Abstract: A method for laminating a composite assembly having outer films of plastic to provide such a composite assembly without appreciable transverse curl. The method includes the steps of preparing two oppositely facing outer films which may be of bi-axially oriented plastic. Each film may have an outer layer of a tough abrasion resistant material and an inner layer of thermoplastic bonding resin. In one embodiment, a portion of the inner layer of thermoplastic bonding resin may be coated with a strip of electrically conductive material. The inner layers of thermoplastic bonding resins are heated and the films are brought together in a common plane. In one embodiment, a central core is inserted between the converging films at spaced intervals. The outer films and the central core are laminated by passing them between first and second pairs of pressure rolls. The first and second pairs of pressure rolls are tilted at equal and opposite angles to the plane of the films.

Abstract: This invention concerns treatment of the heat-fusible materials by use of a fusing agent, according to which a fusing agent capable of producing red hot "embers" by combustion is applied to the surface of a worked object such as a sign formed from a heat-fusible material and worked at a construction site or to the area to be newly worked, and then said fusing agent is ignited and burned so that the combustion heat of the resultantly produced "embers" is directly conducted to the material to be worked to thereby remove the fused material from the worked area or fuse and affix the material to the working area.

Abstract: Tanks, containers, pipes, etc., of sandwich construction may be manufactured by winding an inner sheet (3) onto a rotating mandrel (1), by then winding a hard insulation (8) which has been softened by heating in a microwave oven (9) onto the adhesive-coated inner sheet, and finally by winding a cover sheet (12) onto the adhesive-coated insulation layer.

Abstract: In the formation of an electrolaminate made up of a core of insulating material webs with a high purity electrolytic copper foil on at least one side of the core, for use as a circuit board in electronic equipment, the web of insulating material and the copper foil are led from supply rolls to a laminating machine in out-of-contact relation. Prior to its introduction into the laminating machine, the copper foil is heated to the temperature of the laminating operation so that it is at its maximum thermally expanded length when it contacts the insulating material webs. Further, dust is removed from the copper foil as it enters the laminating machine. The webs and copper foil are moved at the same speed through the laminating machine. After pressing the electrolaminate in the laminating machine, it is moved through a cooling device. Subsequently, the electrolaminate can be wound in a roll or cut into individual lengths.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of laying out and fixing a thin electric conductor on an elastic and flexible backing for heating seats and back of chairs, cushions, mattresses and the like. The method includes the steps of advancing the conductor out of a magazine and forming the conductor to a substantially permanent zigzag pattern constituting a strand. The strand is guided at a selected feed speed from a feeding arrangement to a structural body to be attached to a surface of the structural body. The feeding arrangement is moved along the structural body in a pattern desired for the completed product at a speed such that the relative speed between the strand and the structural body is substantially zero. The strand is fixedly attached to the structural body by an adhesive.

Abstract: This method is directed to the continuous making of a flexible compound structure having a controlled perviousness and consisting of an assembly of a textile web, a thermoplastic film and a foam web in a machine where these elements are heated and welded together between a pair of calender cylinders; means are provided for measuring continuously the perviousness of the resultant compound structure; according to the desired degree of perviousness, the welding parameters are adjusted so as to change the linear speed of the structure, and/or the pressure exerted thereon by the calender cylinders and/or the temperature of the heating means; this invention is applicable more particularly in the textile industry for manufacturing products such as wall coverings and the like.

Abstract: A metal clad laminate is produced in continuous manner by impregnating a plurality of fibrous substrate with a curable liquid resin, combining said plurality of substrates together and simultaneously laminating a metal foil onto at least one side of said substrates, and curing the laminate. The improvement comprises the steps of applying an adhesive onto said metal foil to form a film and heating said film in situ continuously prior to step of laminating step of said metal foil.

Abstract: Adhesive tape is manufactured by laminating at least one layer of a heat activated adhesive film to one layer of a substrate material, and coating the thereby obtained laminate with a pressure sensitive adhesive. Because the substrate is laminated with a film, typically a random copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid, the adhesive which is thereafter coated on the laminate will not flow through the substrate, even if a porous substrate is used.

Abstract: Welding surfaces of thermoplastics material together by depositing a continuous layer of molten thermoplastic welding material over adjacent areas of the surfaces to be joined, the deposition of at least part of the molten welding material being effected with a smearing action in which the material is subjected to shear forces acting across the surfaces, and allowing the deposited material to solidify.

Abstract: A method for sealing a rim-like opening in a glass container is described. The surface of the opening is treated with tin and/or titanium oxide precursors and with or without one or more of the groups consisting of fluorides, sulfur oxides and sulfur oxide precursors and then overcoated with a chromium III organic metallic complex. A membrane comprising a thermoplastic film is pressed onto the coated opening surface and heated to cause glass-plastic adhesion, forming a closure. The coating steps may be applied to glass containers immediately after forming and annealing as appropriate, or may be applied to glass containers taken from storage.