Abstract: A brush including a laminate having a handle end portion adapted for manual engagement, and an opposite head end portion; and a plurality of rows of bristles having end portions adhered between adjacent plies in the head end portion of the laminate and projecting outwardly. The brush is formed from pieces of oriented polymeric film, portions of which are adhered to individual plies to be incorporated in the laminate and have portions projecting from the plies separated into bristles before the plies are laminated to form the brush. Lamination is done by driving moisture out of pasteboard layers coated with dried water activatable adhesive by exposure to radio frequency energy which activates the adhesive to form the laminate.

Abstract: Plush textured multicolored flock transfers are obtained which have the appearance of a direct flocked article and the manufacturing and application advantages of a flock transfer. The method of manufacture includes applying sequentially to an adhesive coated base sheet different colored flocks which can be greater than 0.3 mm long through predetermined areas of masked screens.

Abstract: A pile carpet having a primary backing with pile yarns extending from the primary backing is provided with a tuft-lock coating comprising a copolymer of vinylidene chloride with at least one acrylic monomer, and having a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. C. or less. The coating imparts excellent tuft-lock properties to the carpet and also serves as a thermoplastic adhesive layer for laminating the carpet to a secondary backing.

Abstract: A method for forming a sheet material adapted to be cut into smaller pieces to form portions of a fastener. The method comprises providing a backing laminate comprising a layer of base material and a sealing layer of heat softenable polymeric material along a back surface of the base material; stitching a plurality of yarns through the base material to form loops projecting from a face surface of the base material and locking portions of the stitch adjacent the back face of the base material; and heating the polymeric material to adhere it to the locking portions of the stitches. The sheet material can then be used if loops are desired, or the loops can be cut to form hooks or heated to form headed projections on the sheet material.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for applying adhesive to a backing fabric, such as for adhesively laminating a secondary fabric backing to a carpet. The adhesive is formed into a layer of predetermined thickness on the surface of a rotating casting roller, and the backing fabric is conveyed along a path adjacent to the casting roller in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the casting roller. A press blade brings sucessive portions of the backing fabric into contact with a portion of the casting roller, and the adhesive layer on the casting roller is transferred to the backing fabric at an adhesive contact point. The backing fabric is then conveyed abruptly away from the casting roller at the adhesive contact point in a substantially radial direction.

Abstract: A flocked transfer material for attachment to a fabric or other material comprises a release sheet. As the transfer material is cut into a preselected pattern, the release sheet holds unconnected portions of the pattern in the correct relative positions such that the entire pattern may be directly applied to a surface with precise registration in a single-step process.

Abstract: A process for molding upholstered chair cushions comprising placing a sheet of upholstery fabric between two dies, one having sculptured effects thereon, the dies being movable toward each other to form a cavity between them. A cushion assembly having a thickness (with the upholstery) greater than the distances between the dies in the cavity is placed in the cavity after having been coated on at least one side adjacent the upholstery with an air permeable adhesive. The dies are urged together to compress the cushion in the cavity to force the fabric and the cushion to conform to the shape of the first die. Hot vapors are injected into the cavity to shape the cushion and the fabric generally to the sculpted configuration of the sculpted die.

Abstract: Weatherstripping is produced continuously by two or more spaced apart tufting heads, which may be operating at different stitch rates. The or each strip of weatherstripping comprises at least two rows of tufts sequentially inserted by two tufting heads. Heated dies may be located between the tufting heads for transforming rows of tufts inserted by the first tufting head at least partially into film to form barrier fins. The knuckles of the tufts are flattened, a secondary backing applied, and then individual strips of weatherstripping separated by ultrasonically slitting, all as a continuous process enabling weatherstripping of various constructions to be efficiently and economically produced by tufting.

Abstract: The back-loops of the stitches of pile yarn of a tufted carpet are fastened to the backing by thermal bonding, obviating the need for applying an adhesive coating to the underside of the backing. By preference, the thermal bonding is accomplished by using as the pile yarn a yarn made of or incorporating a synthetic thermoplastic material which becomes tacky at a temperature below that at which the backing is adversely affected. For instance, yarn made of or containing polyethylene may be thermally bonded to a backing made of nylon. The backing acts as a sufficient thermal barrier or heat sink as to prevent damage to the face pile during application of heat to the underside of the backing while conducting the thermal bonding step. Where other backings and coatings are omitted, a tufted carpet of superior porosity may be made, e.g. for use as a sand-filled artificial turf.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing weatherstripping comprises forming a row of pile fiber on a substrate, compressing the row widthwise between a pair of dies, heating the row while so compressed, and cooling the heated row. In this way the sides of the row can be heat set for appearance, or formed into a continuous film, or the whole row converted into a barrier fin in the form of a film, depending upon the degree of compression and the temperature. Preferably the row is formed by tufting and the dies disposed immediately downstream of the tufting station. Pile fiber of conjugate polyethylene and polypropylene is advantageous in forming such films which are integrally attached to the substrate by pile fiber roots extending from the base of the film into the substrate.

Abstract: A predetermined pattern is printed on a surface of a material on which a flock pattern is desired, using crosslinking type synthetic resin as the printing ink and utilizing the printing method such as the screen printing process. A solidly flocked paper is then applied on the pattern formed of the ink, and is heated and pressed together, so that the crosslinking reaction takes place in the synthetic resin. Thus, when the flocked paper is peeled off from the surface of the material, a flock pattern of the predetermined shape is formed thereon.

Abstract: A carpet construction wherein a primary carpet backing is coated with an elastomeric film and face yarns are stitched into the coated primary carpet backing.

Abstract: A pile fabric is formed from interengaging ground yarns and cut pile tufts formed of wrap yarns extending upwardly from the ground yarns to form the face of the fabric. Each of the wrap yarns comprises a body strand of untwisted staple fibers and a binder strand helically wrapped around the body strand. The binder strands are preferably crimped textured strands and formed of a thermoplastic polymer having heat shrinkable and fusible properties and a relatively low melting point of less than about 300.degree. F. The staple fibers and ground yarns are formed of a material unaffected at the relatively low melting point of the binder strand. When a moderated amount of heat is applied to a cut pile fabric formed from such wrap yarns, the binder yarns shrink and are retractably positioned inwardly away from the face of the pile fabric and are hidden among the pile tufts and not visible.

Abstract: A pile fabric is formed of interengaging ground yarns and cut pile tufts. The tufts are formed of wrap yarns extending upwardly from the ground yarns and forming the face of the fabric. Each of the wrap yarns comprises a body strand of untwisted staple fibers and a crimped textured binder strand which has extensible and retractable properties. In the wrap yarn, the binder strand is helically wrapped around the body strand in an axially extended and tensioned condition and is reduced in bulk compared to the condition the binder strand would assume when relaxed. When tufts formed of such wrap yarns are cut to form the face of a cut pile fabric, the binder strands retract and position themselves inwardly away from the face of the pile fabric so as to be hidden among the pile tufts and not visible. The retraction of the binder yarns and the appearance, hand and integrity of the resulting fabric can all be enhanced by various finishing processes.

Abstract: A power loom for making carpets, tapestry and the like. A stationary, cylindrical mandrel is surrounded by a rotatable annular table adjacent the mandrel's upper end. The table is rotated around the mandrel. Each strand of yarn is guided down vertically between the mandrel and the annular table. A continuous circumferential series of substantially identical loom stations is mounted in succession on the annular table, each station having a pressure blade assembly, a guiding hook, and a cutter assembly. A jute is fed in split cylindrical form downwardly around and with an inner surface against the mandrel. The jute having an adhesively coated outer surface. Each hook engages a series of successive strands passing down, and at each loom station, feeds them one at a time to a pressure blade assembly while the annular table rotates. Each pressure blade assembly includes pressure means for forcing each strand against the coated jute and adhering it there to the jute's outer surface.

Abstract: An electroconductive tow or yarn, made from continuous filaments or staple fibers, respectively, prepared from stabilized petroleum pitch, coal tar pitch or polyacrylonitrile is preferably knit and heat treated to a carbonizing temperature and thereafter deknitted, chopped into appropriate length and blended with the standard carpet fibers or yarn at any one of several steps in the yarn making process to produce a yarn having static dissipation properties.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for tufting weatherstripping involves forming a barrier fin on a substrate, advancing the substrate with the barrier fin extending downwardly from the underside thereof past a tufter head, and passing the downwardly extending barrier fin through a channel in the needleplate of the tufter head while the substrate passes over and is supported by the needleplate. A row of tufts is then tufted along one or both sides of the barrier fin. The barrier fin may be formed by folding the substrate, adhering a strip to the underside of the substrate, or by forming a film from a row of previously inserted tufts. Preferably, the substrate is guided transversely to ensure alignment of the barrier fin or fins between the rows of tufts.

Abstract: Mineral fiber board and process for the production thereof comprising a composite structure of several board layers. The fibers are oriented in a preferred direction in each board layer. The preferred fiber directions of successive board layers cross one another. The board layers are joined by means of a bridge formed from binders, which are added to at least one of the board layers. According to the production process, prefabricated base boards are moved in contiguous manner on a conveyor belt. The fibers of the base boards are at right angles to the conveying direction of the board. A pasty, fibrous mass is applied thereto with the belt moving and this forms the next board layer. The fibers of the pasty mass are preferably aligned parallel to the belt conveying direction. The boards are then dried. The strength, as well as the dimensional and shape stability of the boards are considerably improved.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing weatherstripping includes tufting synthetic yarn into a primary backing fabric to form tufts on one side thereof and tuft "knuckles" on the other side. Then, the tuft knuckles are contacted with a heated surface of controlled temperature to deform and flatten them, the combined thickness of the primary backing and the tuft knuckles thus being reduced and the tufts being more securely attached to the primary backing. Preferably, there is relative motion between the tuft knuckles and the heated surface to effect a smearing of the tuft knuckles onto the primary backing. The flattened tuft knuckles may form a thin continuous strip adhering to the primary backing and locking the tufts thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides a textured non-woven insulating laminate lining material which is light weight. The material has a layer of flexible plastic material, on one side upon which is placed a thin layer of thermally reflective metal. Fiber wadding is placed on the side remote from the metal reflective layer, with fibers extending from the wadding through the plastic and reflective layer to form a light nap on the side of the reflective layer, to not only give the material the desirable characteristics of touch and absorbancy normally associated with fine fabric lining and enhance the insulating properties of the material, but also act as a wick, picking up moisture, e.g. perspiration, and transmitting it through the laminate to the fiber, away from the body. The nap is of sufficient weight to permit adequate wicking while permitting exposure of the reflective metallic material.

Abstract: A method for producing a fabric item comprising the steps of producing a perforated substrate in the shape of the desired fabric item, supplying fibers to the perforated substrate, causing the fibers to engage the perforations in the substrate, and retaining the fibers in the perforations.

Abstract: A process of making a cut pile, tufted carpet that is non-directional is disclosed. It comprises the steps of:(a) knitting a yarn composed of thermoplastic fiber, e.g., continuous filament polypropylene ribbon, into a deknittable fabric,(b) heating the fabric to a temperature at which the curves and bends generated in the yarn by its knitted configuration are established in the yarn's memory,(c) cooling the fabric to about room temperature,(d) deknitting the cooled fabric and rewinding the yarn under enough tension to restraighten it,(e) tufting the yarn as facing yarn into a primary carpet backing material, forming a cut pile carpet,(f) coating the underside of the carpet with a heat-settable adhesive that, when cured, will help anchor the tufts of yarn in the backing material, and(g) heating the adhesive-coated carpet to a temperature at which the adhesive will set and the facing yarn will reconform to the bends and twists in its memory.

Abstract: A process of making a cut pile, tufted carpet that has the tightly curled appearance of Persian lamb is dislcosed. It comprises the steps of:(a) knitting a synthetic carpet facing yarn, e.g., a continuous filament nylon, into a deknittable fabric,(b) heating the fabric to a temperature at which the curves and bends generated in the yarn by its knitted configuration are established in the yarn's memory,(c) cooling the fabric to about room temperature,(d) deknitting the cooled fabric and rewinding the unravelled yarn under enough tension to restraighten it,(e) tufting the yarn as facing yarn into a primary carpet backing material, forming a cut pile carpet, which then can be dyed,(f) coating the underside of the carpet with a heat-settable adhesive that, when cured, will help anchor the tufts of yarn in the backing material, and(g) heating the adhesive-coated carpet to a temperature at which the adhesive will set and the facing yarn will reconform to the bends and twists in its memory.

Abstract: The present invention provides an artificial fur of a rising hair structure formed by implanting pile fibers through a base fabric, characterized in that the pile fibers are inclined generally longitudinally, as viewed from above the surface, the pile fibers in the widthwise central section of the rising hair structure extend in parallel to the longitudinal direction, the pile fibers in the opposite peripheral sections extend diagonally widthwise with respect to the longitudinal direction and the pile fibers in the outermost sections of the rising hair structure extend diagonally at angles in the range from 10 to 80 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the rising hair structure. The present invention enables stable and economic mass production of such an artificial fur by means of a liquid-flow treatment machine.

Abstract: A tufted fabric suitable for use as a throw rug or carpet is formed having a unique and appealing visual appearance and a lush, rich texture. The pile fabric is characterized in that the pile portion is formed from fabric strips, such as strips of woven fabric, which extend from a backing fabric. The strips may be of a uniform color throughout the fabric or may be of different colors to form a multi-color appearance. The fabric strips may also contain printed patterns thereon which present unique pattern effects in the pile fabric.

Abstract: A fabric suitable for embossing to form a pattern thereon comprises a substrate (10) of a thermo-plastic material which carries a coating of fibres (11) such that under the application of heat and pressure the fibres may be compressed into the substrate. The fibres are coloured and the substrate is either colourless or of a colour which contrasts with the fibres. When the fibres are compressed into the substrate, the latter is at least partially revealed so as to produce an area (12) of colour which contrasts with the fibres adjacent to such area.

Abstract: A machine for producing pile fabric comprises a sonotrode (1) , a matrix (4) of tubes (5) bringing threads (10) onto a support sheet (7) for the purpose of welding rows of loops to the surface of this sheet. The matrix (4) is guided between slides (6) which are parallel to the longitudinal axes of the tubes (5) and perpendicularly to the surface of application of the sonotrode (1) vibrations. A driving mechanism (13, 14, 15) periodically brings the extremities of the tubes (5) from which the threads leave against the sonotrode (1) by pressing the base of a row of loops and the support sheet (7) against the sonotrode in order to cause them to be welded together.

Abstract: A heat-shrinkable backing material, which preferably is a spun-bonded polyolefin backing material, is tufted with a relatively heat stable yarn and the tufted backing is subjected to a temperature of not less than 300.degree. F. The applied temperature induces the tufted backing to shrink, thereby increasing the tuft density by not less than about 130% so as to produce an unbacked, densely tufted carpet tile. A secondary backing is then applied to provide a stable structure.

Abstract: In the production of decorated tufted carpet tiles, a tufted carpet web is made by tufting a pile yarn in a substrate, precoating and backing the tufted substrate on the backside, followed by dyeing, imprinting with a pattern, steaming, washing and drying the carpet web, and thereafter by punching or cutting tiles from the carpet web in the process, the carpet web, prior to the dyeing step and preferably after precoating, is heat treated by being exposed to a temperature of 120.degree.-200.degree. C., preferably 140.degree.-170.degree. C., for 1-8 minutes, preferably for 3-5 minutes, while it is freely supported on an auxiliary carrier, and then subjected to cooling to below 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive bonded pile fabric is provided which comprises a liquid permeable base layer; a pile forming yarn adjacent to the base layer in pile forming fashion but not tufted through the base layer; the pile forming element having been bonded to the base layer by means of a hot melt adhesive applied to the back of said base layer. A method and apparatus for making fusion bonded, pile fabrics are also provided.

Abstract: Pile fabric having excellent softness and high tear strength which has short fibers planted and adhered to a base with an adhesive, is obtained by applying an adhesive and planting the short fibers to the base, drying or curing the adhesive, and removing at least 5 weight % of the fibers of the base.

Abstract: The specification discloses an improved automotive type carpet construction and method for manufacture thereof. The construction disclosed is particularly useful for lining the trunk of an automobile, the bed of an automotive type station wagon, or on the floor of a van type vehicle, where it is desired to have a construction which is light in weight, waterproof, easy to clean up, and yet can be made in a color to match the interior carpeting of the automobile. The construction disclosed has a primary layer of a ribbon fiber woven in a plain weave, with a continuous filament yarn inserted with a needled motion, and a bonding layer applied to the back thereof in a continuous hot melt flow. A non-skid layer may also be applied, if desired. The carpet construction is then die cut into one or more pieces with the piece(s) being sewn together or a binding being applied thereto.

Abstract: A sealing strip comprises a base and pile formed on the base. The strip is sandwiched between two surfaces to form a seal between the surfaces with the base being mounted on one surface and the pile being compressed by the other surface. If the seal is improved by increasing the compression, the friction between the pile and the other surface is such that the two surfaces cannot be readily moved relatively to one another in a direction parallel to the surfaces. The sealing strip endeavours to overcome this problem by having a yarn of a lower coefficient of friction than the fibres of the pile at or above the surface of the pile. This reduces the frictional force between the pile and the other surface thus allowing easy relative movement of the surfaces when the pile is highly compressed by the other surface to form an effective seal.

Abstract: An embedment compound for a paintbrush or the like, together with a paintbrush construction and method of manufacture embodying the improved embedment compound. The embedment compound is a polyurethane composition having a crosslink density sufficient to render such compound acceptably resistant to all paint solvents.For example, a typical embodiment composition comprises a blend of Mondur MR with a prepolymer prepared from Pluracol TP-440 and Isonate 143L, and the blend cured at 100.degree. C. overnight.

Abstract: A non-woven fabric is manufactured which utilizes as a primary component material the fringed selvage band resulting as a by-product in the manufacture of certain woven fabrics. Strips of selvage band are laid down on a non-woven backing or web in various configurations, depending upon the ultimate appearance that is desired. The selvage strips are then secured to the backing by punching with an array of forked needles, each of which forces a loop of yarn from the selvage through a hole in the backing.

Abstract: In a carpet having a through bore, the through bore is formed by fusion-cutting. A hem member is welded integrally to the areas of a napped portion and a base cloth at the circumferential edges of the through bore. This prevents the threads of the napped portion existing at the circumferential edges of the through bore from fraying and also keeps such areas from being stained with oil or the like. Also, a method of welding said hem member to said base cloth is disclosed which comprises: laminating a thermally weldable synthetic resin film for hemming on a carpet, punching out a through bore in the synthetic resin film by means of a high frequency wave, and at the same time welding the hem member integrally to the wall edges of said punched through-bore. The simultaneous operation--welding of the hem member and punching of the through bore--provides a carpet quite easy to form and less expensive.

Abstract: Highly flexible compositions of matter useful in the preparation of carpet backing are disclosed comprising thermoplastic resin compositions including copolymers of ethylene and unsaturated esters of lower carboxylic acids, such as vinyl esters and/or lower alkyl acrylates, in admixture with olefinic elastomers and substantial amounts of filler. The preferred thermoplastic resins employed include the copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and the preferred olefinic elastomers disclosed are ethylene copolymer elastomers, such as copolymers of ethylene and propylene, as well as terpolymers of ethylene, propylene and a diene, and the compositions preferably include a stearate or stearic acid and a hydrocarbon oil component. Carpet constructions are also disclosed comprising a plurality of carpet fibers and a thermoplastic barrier coating comprising the above combination of a thermoplastic resin, an olefinic elastomer and a substantial portion of filler material.

Abstract: A non-slip pile fabric is proposed which has a ground fabric formed of warps and wefts, and pile yarns of rigidity wound into the ground fabric so that the pile yarns will raise from one side of the ground fabric substantially in the shape of letter V forming an angle of substantially 45 degrees with respect to the warps and with respect to the surface of the ground fabric, adjacent ones of the pile yarns raising in alternate directions, the piled surface on the one side of the ground fabric being coated with a thermosetting synthetic resin.

Abstract: This machine comprises a sonotrode (1), a matrix (4) of tubes (5) bringing threads (10) onto a support sheet (7) for the purpose of welding rows of loops to the surface of this sheet. The matrix (4) is guided between slides (6) which are parallel to the longitudinal axes of the tubes (5) and perpendicularly to the surface of application of the sonotrode (1) vibrations. A driving mechanism (13, 14, 15) periodically brings the extremities of the tubes (5) from which the threads leave against the sonotrode (1) by pressing the base of a row of loops and the support sheet (7) against the sonotrode in order to cause them to be welded together.

Abstract: Staple fiber, typically of up to about 2.5 inches long, is preferably crimped and heat-set, then is open-end spun to product single yarns having about half the fibers in a non-parallel configuration. These are supplied to a fine gauge tufting machine which simultaneously tufts the yarns into a scrim substrate and shears the tufted loops e.g. to a one-eighth inch pile height. A conventional backing is applied. The resulting product more closely resembles woven velvet than does conventionally tufted velvet and is especially suitable for use as upholstery fabric.

Abstract: Method of bonding a floor-covering web consisting of a pile material coated on its back at least partially with a thermoplastic substance, with a backing web, the upper side of said backing web being formed at least partially by a thermoplastic substance and wherein the pile material and the backing web are moved synchronously and guided such that they run towards each other before being bonded, the underside of the floor-covering web and the upper side of the backing web thereby facing at least one heat source, that the coating on the back of the floor-covering web and the other side of the backing web are at least partially plastified by heating and wherein the heated sides of the pile material and the backing web are placed against each other and the webs bonded together.

Abstract: Support with meshes, or elastic flexible openwork grid, used for producing pile textile articles by inserting pile textile elements into its meshes, in which the grid possesses an extensibility of at least 40%, a permanent deformation of less than 5% and an immediate deformation of less than 10%.Pile textile articles are produced by inserting pile textile elements into the meshes of a flexible grid, in which articles a flexible planar element, which can easily be perforated and comprises a design, is associated with the grid. The pile textile elements are inserted over at least part of the surface of the design. The articles have decorative value as wall or floor coverings, wall hangings or similar decorative articles.A tool for introducing pile textile elements into a flexible meshed grid is a hollow conical member which is optionally open along at least one generatrix.

Abstract: In order to produce random changes in texture of pile fabrics, continuous multifilament bulked yarn is treated to detexturize spaced portions along its length.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fixation insert having improved resistance to back-riveting (flash-through) and a method for the manufacture thereof, consisting of a planar textile structure of natural and/or synthetic threads and a coating, applied to the front side, of a thermally softenable adhesive compound, where the planar structure has at least on the back side a layer of fibers which extend beyond the surface of the planar structure predominantly perpendicularly, and where the fibers are elastically resilient. The fibers are elastically connected to the threads and are deposited thereon in an electrostatic field.

Abstract: A process of producing a tufted pile fabric comprises providing a primary backing which may be woven, non-woven or knitted fabric and containing for example polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, jute or viscose rayon, applying a meltable fibrous layer to both sides of the primary backing, preferably by needling fibres into the backing, inserting pile tufts into the primary backing so that parts of the pile tufts extend through backing and the meltable fibrous layers and melting the fibrous layer which is on the side of the backing opposite the pile forming surface of the tufts to secure the tufts to the backing and provide an anchor coat for the fabric. The meltable fibre may be polyamide fibre with a melting point in the range 80.degree.-150.degree. C. and may conveniently be Grilon K115 (Grilon is a Registered Trade Mark).

Abstract: A textile flat structure is manufactured by needle processing of a pile yarn tufted into a carrier layer so that some pile loops of the pile yarn forming an upper layer are engaged by needles and their height and shape are changed, whereas at least one pile yarn is pulled toward the carrier layer, whereby a texture and/or pattern is produced. The textile flat structure has a carrier layer, a pile yarn tufted into the carrier layer and having pile loops at an upper side of the carrier layer and connecting base loops at a lower side thereof, whereas the pile loops forming an upper layer have at least non-uniform different heights.

Abstract: In an artificial fur made from a pile cloth provided with a ground construction and numerous pile fibers projected upward from the ground construction, the pile fibers consist of a first group of pile fibers which form a layer of guard hair in the fur and a second group of pile fibers which form a layer of under fur in the fur, wherein each fiber of the first group is provided with a tapered free end portion and a tapered end portion firmly held by the ground construction; the pile fibers of the first group are longer than the pile fibers of the second group, while the thickness of the main portion of the former is thicker than the thickness of the latter. The above-mentioned artificial fur is manufactured by a first step of forming a material pile cloth provided with a ground construction and numerous yarn-like piles projected upward from the ground construction, and a second step of raising the side of said yarn-like piles.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for making tufted carpets having bonded nonwoven fabric secondary backings. After the secondary backing has been laminated to a back-sized and tufted primary backing to form a carpet composite, the composite is passed through a nip to emboss the secondary backing and provide a less stiff, easier to install carpet.

Abstract: A weatherstrip and method for sealing a gap comprising a base preferably of fabric material, and one or more sealing bodies such as rows of pile fibers extending longitudinally there along. A barrier strip formed of a thin film or sheet of flexible plastic material is secured at one edge to the base and/or sealing bodies and projects substantially above the free or upper ends of the pile members. Foamed cellular plastic bodies may be used in place of the bodies of pile fibers, or a single body of pile or foamed plastic material may be used with the barrier strip located on one side thereof.

Abstract: A hot melt adhesive bonded pile fabric is provided which comprises a liquid permeable base layer; a pile forming yarn adjacent to the base layer in pile forming fashion but not tufted through the base layer; the pile forming element having been bonded to the base layer by means of a hot melt adhesive applied to the back of said base layer. A method and apparatus for making fusion bonded, pile fabrics are also provided.