Abstract: A method of making a belt-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet includes compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber, applying the nascent web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface that is moving at a transfer surface speed, belt-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping belt, the belt-creping step occurring under pressure of at least 20 pounds per linear inch in a belt creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping belt. The belt is traveling at a belt speed that is slower than the speed of the transfer surface. The web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping belt.

Abstract: An absorbent sheet of cellulosic fibers includes a mixture of hardwood fibers and softwood fibers arranged in a reticulum having (i) a plurality of pileated fiber enriched regions of a relatively high local basis weight each extending a distance in the cross-machine direction (CD) of the sheet and interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions that each extend a distance in the machine direction (MD) of the sheet and whose fiber orientation is biased along the direction between pileated regions interconnected thereby. The relative basis weight, degree of pileation, hardwood to softwood ratio, fiber length distribution, fiber orientation, and geometry of the reticulum are controlled such that the sheet exhibits a percent CD stretch that is at least about 2.75 times the machine direction to cross-machine direction (MD/CD) dry tensile ratio of the sheet.

Abstract: A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet includes applying a jet of papermaking furnish to a forming wire, the jet having a jet velocity and the forming wire moving at a forming wire velocity. The papermaking furnish is compactively dewatered to form a nascent web. The nascent web is applied to a transfer surface that is moving at a transfer surface speed. The nascent web is fabric-creped from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a creping fabric that is traveling at a fabric-creping speed, the fabric-creping speed being slower than the transfer surface speed, and the fabric-creping step occurring under pressure in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric, such that the nascent web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping fabric to form a creped web. The creped web is dried.

Abstract: A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet includes compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having a random distribution of papermaking fiber, applying the nascent web to a translating transfer surface that is moving at a transfer surface speed, fabric-creping the nascent web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping fabric that is traveling at a fabric-creping speed that is slower than the transfer surface speed, the fabric-creping step occurring under pressure in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric, such that the nascent web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping fabric to form a creped web with a drawable reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Dry Burst of greater than 100 g and a Cross-Machine Direction Flexural Rigidity (CD Flexural Rigidity) of greater than 56 mg*cm2/cm as measured according to the Flexural Rigidity Test Method and/or a Total Dry Tensile (TT or TDT) of less than 3000 g/76.2 mm as measured according to the Tensile Strength Test Method and/or a Geometric Mean Tensile (GM Tensile or GMT) of less than 750 g/76.2 mm as measured according to the Tensile Strength Test Method and/or a Machine Direction Modulus (MD Modulus) of less than 900 g/cm as measured according to the Modulus Test Method are provided.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Tensile Ratio of greater than 0.5 as measured according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein and a Geometric Mean Flexural Rigidity (GM Flexural Rigidity or GM Flex) of less than 195 mg*cm2/cm as measured according to the Flexural Rigidity Test Method described herein and/or a Geometric Mean Modulus (GM Modulus) of less than 935 g/cm and/or a Machine Direction Modulus (MD Modulus) of less than 845 g/cm, are provided.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Geometric Mean Modulus (GM Modulus) of less than 1070 g/cm as measured according to the Modulus Test Method described herein and a Geometric Mean Elongation (GM Elongation or GM Elong) of less than 15% measured according to the Elongation Test Method described herein are provided.

Abstract: A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet includes compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber, applying the nascent web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface that is moving at a transfer surface speed, and fabric-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping fabric, the fabric-creping step occurring under pressure in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric, the web being creped from the transfer surface and wherein the creping fabric is adapted to contact the transfer surface and applies pressure to the web against the transfer surface such that the fibers of the web are redistributed on the creping fabric to form a web with a drawable reticulum.

Abstract: An absorbent sheet of cellulosic fibers with upper and lower sides includes (i) a plurality of fiber-enriched hollow domed regions on the upper side of the sheet having a relatively high local basis weight, (ii) connecting regions of relatively lower local basis weight forming a network interconnecting the relatively high local basis weight domed regions of the sheet, and (iii) transition areas with upwardly and inwardly inflected consolidated fibrous regions transitioning from the connecting regions into the domed regions.

Abstract: An embossing system for embossing at least a portion of a web is provided comprising a first embossing roll having male embossing elements, a second embossing roll having male embossing elements, wherein the first and second embossing rolls define a first nip for receiving the web, and a third embossing roll having male embossing elements, wherein the second and third embossing rolls define a second nip for receiving the web, and wherein at least a substantial portion of the embossing elements of at least one of the first, second, and third embossing rolls are substantially oriented in the cross-machine direction.

Abstract: A one-ply tissue product includes a first external surface and a second external surface, the first surface having a wet-formed pattern and the second surface having an embossed pattern imitating the wet-formed pattern. Additionally, also multi-ply tissue product is suggested comprising at least two plies including two outer plies, each outer ply having a first surface and a second surface, one outer ply having a wet-formed pattern on at least the first surface and the other outer ply having an embossed pattern on at least the first surface imitating the wet-formed pattern on the first surface of the one outer ply, both outer plies being brought together so that their respective first surfaces represent external surfaces of the multi-ply tissue product. Moreover, a corresponding method and an embossing unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: A soft, layered, single-ply wet-pressed tissue can be made with improved softness by providing one or both outer layers of the tissue with polysiloxane-treated pulp fibers. A particularly suitable wet-pressing process includes pressing a wet tissue web between a felt and a transfer belt to dewater the web, followed by transfer of the dewatered web to a texturizing fabric where the wet web is provided with a three-dimensional texture. Thereafter the texturized web is transferred to a Yankee dryer, dried and creped. The combination of the polysiloxane fibers and the texturizing step provides a particularly effective combination of surface feel, low stiffness and high bulk (caliper).

Abstract: An absorbent cellulosic sheet having a variable local basis weight. The sheet includes a papermaking-fiber reticulum having (a) a plurality of fiber-enriched pileated regions of a relatively high local basis weight each extending a distance in the cross-machine direction (CD) of the sheet, and (b) a plurality of elongated densified regions of compressed papermaking fibers that interconnect the plurality of fiber-enriched pileated regions. The elongated densified regions (i) have a relatively low local basis weight and each extend a distance in the machine direction (MD) of the sheet, (ii) are arranged in a repeating pattern having leading and trailing edges, such that the elongated densified regions are longitudinally staggered with respect to each other, and (iii) have MD/CD aspect ratios of at least 1.5.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a web of tissue paper, including the steps of: depositing a layer of an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers on at least one forming fabric; reducing the water content of the layer until the amount in weight of the fibers in the layer is brought up to a first value; wet-embossing the layer in a nip between a pair of embossing rollers; and drying the embossed layer using a drying system to form a web of tissue paper.

Abstract: A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet. A papermaking furnish is compactively dewatered to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber. The dewatered web is applied to a translating transfer surface. The web is fabric-creped from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a creping fabric, under pressure, in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric. The fabric is traveling a fabric speed that is slower than the speed of the transfer surface. The web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping fabric to form a web with a drawable reticulum having a plurality of interconnected regions of different local basis weights. The web is dried and the web is drawn. The step of drawing the web preferentially attenuates the fiber-enriched regions of the web.

Abstract: The invention relates to improvements in security substrates and in particular to fibrous security substrates, such as paper, incorporating a watermark. The security substrate comprises a fibrous base layer, having a normal base fiber density, said base layer incorporating a watermark consisting of a plurality of alphanumeric characters. Each character comprises dark and/or light regions, the dark regions being formed by more densely deposited fibers than the normal base fiber density and the light regions being formed by less densely deposited fibers than the normal base fiber density. The density of the fibers in any region is substantially uniform such that there is no gradual change of tone between the light and dark regions. Each dark and light region adjoins at least one light and dark region respectively and an area of normal fiber density.

Abstract: A paper product with absorbency and moisture strike through resistance is disclosed. More particularly, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein at least one ply is a wetting resistant ply comprising at least one wetting resistant compound and at least one ply is an absorbent ply possessing greater absorbency than the wetting resistant ply. In addition, a two-ply paper napkin with improved moisture strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein the wetting resistant ply comprises alkyl ketene dimer and the two plies are separately microembossed, glue laminated together in a point to point configuration, and macroembossed with coin edging. Furthermore, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein a first ply comprises at least one wetting resistant compound and a second ply possesses greater absorbency than the first ply.

Abstract: A multiple ply paper product having an SST value ratio of greater than about 1.6 g/sec1/2 is disclosed. Additionally, a multiple ply paper product having a residual water value, RW, of less than about 0.05 g is disclosed.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Dry Burst of greater than 360 g as measured according to the Dry Burst Test Method and optionally, a Total Dry Tensile of less than 2450 g/76.2 mm and/or a Machine Direction (MD) Dry Tensile of less than 1520 g/76.2 mm and/or a Geometric Mean (GM) Total Dry Tensile of less than 1180 g/76.2 mm as measured according to the Tensile Strength Test Method are provided.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Geometric Mean Elongation of greater than 15.8% as measured according to the Elongation Test Method are provided.

Abstract: A paper product having a plurality of tessellating unit cells forming a pattern is disclosed. Each unit cell has a center and at least two continuous land areas extending in at least two directions from the center and a plurality of pillow areas each surrounded by at least one of the continuous land areas. Each of the continuous land areas at least bifurcates to form a continuous land area portion having a first width before bifurcation and at least two continuous land area portions having a second width after bifurcation. The first width is greater than the second width. Each of the continuous land area portions having the first width has a first number density and each of the at least two continuous land area portions having the second width has a second number density. The first number density is less than the second number density.

Abstract: An absorbent cellulosic sheet having a variable local basis weight includes a papermaking-fiber reticulum provided with (a) a plurality of elongated densified regions of compressed papermaking fibers, the densified regions being oriented generally along the machine direction (MD) of the sheet and having a relatively low local basis weight, as well as leading and trailing edges at their longitudinal extremities, and (b) a plurality of fiber-enriched, pileated regions connected with the plurality of elongated densified regions, the pileated regions having (i) a relatively high local basis weight and (ii) a plurality of cross-machine direction (CD) extending crests having concamerated CD profiles such that the extending crests of the pileated regions are arcuate and extend around the leading and trailing edges of the plurality of elongated densified regions.

Abstract: A multi-ply fibrous structure product having two or more plies of fibrous structure where at least one of the plies has a plurality of domes formed during the papermaking process and there are from about 10 to about 1000 domes per square inch of the product. At least one of the plies of the multi-ply fibrous structure has a plurality of embossments thereon with a total embossment area of from about 3% to about 15%. The embossments may be arranged such that they define non-geometric foreground patterns of unembossed cells.

Abstract: A method of making a fabric-creped absorbent cellulosic sheet includes compactively dewatering a papermaking furnish to form a nascent web having an apparently random distribution of papermaking fiber, applying the dewatered web having the apparently random fiber distribution to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed and fabric-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a patterned creping fabric. The creping step occurs under pressure in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric. The creping fabric travels at a second speed slower than the speed of the transfer surface. The fabric pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency are selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surface and redistributed on the creping fabric to form a web with a drawable reticulum.

Abstract: An embossing system for embossing and perforating at least a portion of a web is provided comprising a first embossing roll having embossing elements and at least a second embossing roll having embossing elements, wherein the elements of the first and second embossing rolls define perforate nips for embossing and perforating the web and wherein at least a predominate number of the perforate nips are substantially oriented in the cross-machine direction. Moreover, substantially all of the nips defined by the embossing elements of the first and second embossing rolls can be substantially oriented in the cross-machine direction. Further, the cross-machine embossing elements are at an angle of about 85° to 95° from the machine direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a web of tissue paper, comprising the steps of: depositing a layer of an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers on at least one forming fabric; reducing the water content of said layer until the amount in weight of the fibers in said layer is brought up to a first value; wet-embossing said layer in a nip between a pair of embossing rollers; and drying said embossed layer using a drying system to form a web of tissue paper.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a web of tissue paper, comprising the steps of: depositing a layer of an aqueous suspension of papermaking fibers on at least one forming fabric; reducing the water content of said layer until the weight percentage of fiber in said layer is brought up to a first value; wet-embossing said layer in a nip between a pair of embossing rollers; and drying said layer to form a web of tissue paper.

Abstract: A method for producing a deep-nested embossed product is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: a) providing an embossing apparatus having mating first and second embossing members; b) providing the first embossing member with a plurality of discrete embossing elements in a non-random pattern; c) providing the second embossing member with at least one linear embossing element; d) coordinating the at least one linear embossing element with the non-random pattern of first embossing elements; e) aligning the first embossing member and the second embossing member so that the non-random pattern of first embossing elements nest with the at least one linear embossing element to an engagement depth of greater than about 0.01 mm; f) providing one or more plies of material to the embossing apparatus; and, g) passing the one or more plies of the material between the first and second embossing members to produce the deep-nested embossed product.

Abstract: Patterned fibrous structures, more particularly to fibrous structures that comprise a pattern that conveys to a user a characteristic of the fibrous structure and/or single- or multi-ply sanitary tissue product comprising such a patterned fibrous structure and methods for making same are provided.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Geometric Mean Elongation of greater than 15.8% as measured according to the Elongation Test Method are provided.

Abstract: A paper product with absorbency and moisture strike through resistance is disclosed. More particularly, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein at least one ply is a wetting resistant ply comprising at least one wetting resistant compound and at least one ply is an absorbent ply possessing greater absorbency than the wetting resistant ply. In addition, a two-ply paper napkin with improved moisture strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein the wetting resistant ply comprises alkyl ketene dimer and the two plies are separately microembossed, glue laminated together in a point to point configuration, and macroembossed with coin edging. Furthermore, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein a first ply comprises at least one wetting resistant compound and a second ply possesses greater absorbency than the first ply.

Abstract: Method of manufacturing a hygiene paper product in form of a continuous paper web (W) of sheets partly separated by perforation lines (9) and wound to a log of predetermined longitudinal length, providing a continuous paper web (W), moving the continuous paper web in a direction of its longitudinal extension, providing at least one embossed pattern on the continuous paper web, providing in the area of an embossing station at least one mark (6, 7) onto the continuous paper web, which mark (6, 7) is in register to the embossed pattern, sensing the mark and controlling perforating means for registering the perforation lines (9) with the embossed pattern thereby imparting perforation lines to the continuous paper web in predetermined longitudinal distances, winding up the resulting web to logs, and cutting the log into rolls.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an embossed paperboard comprising the steps of: forming a wet mat including more than 60 wt % of cellulose fibers; pressure molding, with at least one embossing roll, the wet mat having 20 to 70 wt % solid to create a nested surface texture thereon; and drying the embossed wet mat to obtain the embossed paperboard with a grammage ranging between 125 and 1500 grams per square meter.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a deep-nested embossed product including a first embossing member and a second embossing member. The first embossing member has a plurality of discrete embossing elements disposed in a first non-random pattern. The second embossing member has a plurality of second embossing elements including at least one linear embossing element. The second embossing elements are disposed in a second non-random pattern such the first non-random pattern and the second non-random pattern nest together to a depth of greater than about 0.01 mm.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Dry Burst of greater than 360 g as measured according to the Dry Burst Test Method and optionally, a Total Dry Tensile of less than 2450 g/76.2 mm and/or a Machine Direction (MD) Dry Tensile of less than 1520 g/76.2 mm and/or a Geometric Mean (GM) Total Dry Tensile of less than 1180 g/76.2 mm as measured according to the Tensile Strength Test Method are provided.

Abstract: Textured non-woven webs, papermaking fabrics and tissue sheets made using the textured papermaking fabrics can contain design elements set in highlight areas which make the design elements more visible.

Abstract: A one-ply tissue product includes a first external surface and a second external surface, the first surface having a wet-formed pattern and the second surface having an embossed pattern imitating the wet-formed pattern. Additionally, also multi-ply tissue product is suggested comprising at least two plies including two outer plies, each outer ply having a first surface and a second surface, one outer ply having a wet-formed pattern on at least the first surface and the other outer ply having an embossed pattern on at least the first surface imitating the wet-formed pattern on the first surface of the one outer ply, both outer plies being brought together so that their respective first surfaces represent external surfaces of the multi-ply tissue product. Moreover, a corresponding method and an embossing unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the production of a tissue paper web, which is produced from a pulp suspension having fibers. The method according to the present invention is characterized in that the pulp suspension is formed, at least partly by, a pulp suspension fraction obtained through the treatment of old paper, has a refining degree of less than 30° SR and is of such condition that a laboratory sheet according to TAPPI 205 SP 95 (Rapid Köthen), whose breaking length measured according to TAPPI 220 and TAPPI 494 is 4.0 km or more, is produced therefrom.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an embossed crepe paper which can clearly be formed into fine embossed shapes, and is excellent in the fluffy feel and therefore excellent in such as absorbency for fats. As a means of achieving this object, the method for manufacturing an embossed crepe paper, according to the present invention, is a method for manufacturing an embossed crepe paper comprising a step of embossing a raw crepe paper, wherein: a raw paper having a basis weight of 6 to 28 g/m2 is used as the raw crepe paper; and the embossing step includes the steps of: (a) supplying the raw crepe paper with water in an amount of 0.1 to 100 weight % based on the basis weight to thereby put the raw crepe paper in a wet condition; (b) embossing the wet-conditioned raw crepe paper; and (c) drying the embossed wet-conditioned raw crepe paper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to absorbent tissue-towel paper products comprising one essentially continuous ply of fibrous structure having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the product has an HFS absorbency greater than 8 g/g and the first surface exhibits an embossment height of at least 650 ?m and the second surface exhibits an embossment height of at least about 650 ?m.

Abstract: Fibrous structures that exhibit a Geometric Mean Elongation of greater than 14.95% as measured according to the Elongation Test Method are provided.

Abstract: A process for making absorbent cellulosic paper products such as sheet for towel, tissue and the like, includes compactively dewatering a nascent web followed by wet belt creping the web at an intermediate consistency of anywhere from about 30 to about 60 percent under conditions operative to redistribute the fiber on the belt, which is preferably a fabric. In preferred embodiments, the web is thereafter adhesively applied to a Yankee dryer using a creping adhesive operative to enable high speed transfer of the web of intermediate consistency such as a poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyamide adhesive. An absorbent sheet so prepared from a papermaking furnish exhibits an absorbency of at least about 5 g/g, a CD stretch of at least about 4 percent, and an MD/CD tensile ratio of less than about 1.1, and also exhibits a maximum CD modulus at a CD strain of less than 1 percent and sustains a CD modulus of at least 50 percent of its maximum CD modulus to a CD strain of at least about 4 percent.

Abstract: A method of making a cellulosic web includes: forming a nascent web from a papermaking furnish, the nascent web having a generally random distribution of papermaking fiber; b) transferring the web having a generally random distribution of papermaking fiber to a translating transfer surface moving at a first speed; drying the web to a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent including compactively dewatering the web prior to or concurrently with transfer to the transfer surface; fabric-creping the web from the transfer surface at a consistency of from about 30 to about 60 percent utilizing a creping fabric with a patterned creping surface, the fabric creping step occurring under pressure in a fabric creping nip defined between the transfer surface and the creping fabric wherein the fabric is traveling at a second speed slower than the speed of said transfer surface, the fabric pattern, nip parameters, velocity delta and web consistency being selected such that the web is creped from the transfer surfac

Abstract: A multi-ply absorbent sheet of cellulosic fiber with continuous outer surfaces is provided an absorbent core between the outer surfaces. The absorbent core includes a non-woven fiber network having: (i) a plurality of pileated fiber enriched regions of relatively high local basis weight interconnected by way of (ii) a plurality of lower local basis weight linking regions whose fiber orientation is biased along the direction between pileated regions interconnected thereby, and (iii) a plurality of fiber-deprived cellules between the fiber enriched and linking regions, also being characterized by a local basis weight lower than the fiber enriched regions. The cellules provide a sponge-like internal structure of low fiber density regions.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a deep-nested embossed product including a first embossing member and a second embossing member. The first embossing member has a plurality of discrete embossing elements disposed in a first non-random pattern. The second embossing member has a plurality of second embossing elements including at least one linear embossing element. The second embossing elements are disposed in a second non-random pattern such the first non-random pattern and the second non-random pattern nest together to a depth of greater than about 0.01 mm.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing a fibrous web in an apparatus that includes at least one nip formed between a smooth roll and at least one opposing element, a felt and an embossing belt. The process includes guiding the fibrous web and the felt through the at least one press nip formed between the smooth roll and the at least one opposing element, and passing the fiber web, in an unsupported manner, over a free draw from the smooth roll onto an embossing belt. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: A method of making an environmentally-friendly tissue sheet for conversion into a single-ply roll product, such as bath tissue or paper towels, is disclosed. The method utilizes numerous process aspects that are determined to minimize energy consumption, which is about 100 grams CO2 equivalent emissions or less per 38 square feet of tissue, while at the same time producing a tissue roll product having desirable roll bulk, firmness and absorbency.

Abstract: An improved method of controlling build-up of adhesive coating on a Yankee drying cylinder preferably includes intermittently: (a) increasing the add-on rate of resinous adhesive to the drying cylinder substantially above the steady-state add-on rate; (b) segregating the absorbent sheet product produced while the add-on rate of resinous adhesive to the drying cylinder is elevated above the steady-state add-on rate from absorbent sheet product accumulated during steady-state operation; and (c) while the add-on rate of resinous adhesive to the drying cylinder is increased above the steady-state add-on rate, stripping at least a portion of the adhesive coating from the drying cylinder with a cleaning doctor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the production of a three-dimensionally structured tissue paper web with which the tissue paper web is pressed, in order for it to be structured, on a three-dimensionally structured mesh and with which the tissue paper web is conveyed, unheld by a skin, in a drying step over a heated surface. The tissue paper web is conveyed, held only by the structured mesh, in another drying step prior to the drying step over at least one heated surface.

Abstract: A multiply fibrous structure product having two or more plies of fibrous structure wherein the fibrous structure has a Compression Slope from about 11 to about 30; a basis weight from about 26 lbs/3000 ft2 to about 50 lbs/3000 ft2; a Wet Caliper greater than about 18 mils; and a Flex Modulus from about 0.1 to about 0.8.