Abstract: Multi-layered tissue paper webs comprising chemical softener compositions and binder materials are disclosed. The multi-layered tissue webs are useful in the manufacture of soft, absorbent paper products such as facial tissues and/or toilet tissues. The multi-layered tissue paper products contain a chemical softening composition comprising a mixture of a quaternary ammonium compound and a polyhydroxy compound. Preferred quaternary ammonium compounds include dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts such as di(hydrogenated)tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated)tallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate. Preferred polyhydroxy compounds are selected from the group consisting of glycerol, sorbitols, polyglycerols having a weight average molecular weight of from about 150 to about 800, polyoxyethylene glycols and polyoxypropylene glycols having a weight average molecular weight from about 200 to 4000.

Abstract: A recycled paper for electrophotography has a fine class pulp containing a fine class waste paper pulp. The fine class pulp is in a content of not less than 90% by weight based on the weight of the whole pulp. The recycled paper has a waste paper pulp content of more than 70% by weight based on the weight of the whole pulp.

Abstract: The addition of an amine functional poly(vinyl alcohol) in a process for making recycled paper products results in improvements in both the wet and dry strength of the resultant products. The amine functional poly(vinyl alcohol) used in the process is formed by the hydrolysis of vinyl acetate/vinyl amide copolymers or vinyl acetate/allyl amine copolymers, or optionally may be formed by the reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol ) with an amino-aldehyde dialkyl acetal.

Abstract: The invention relates to the manufacture of moulded objects from a fluidized fiber raw material. The fiber raw material used, is a pulp processed from waste paper by slushing the waste paper in a pulper. All or some part of the waste paper added to the pulper is subjected to a separate controlled dry grinding prior to the slushing in the pulper.

Abstract: Composition board and various other synthetic or artificial panel and the like structures a well as manually-formable compositions of paste-like consistency for substitution as putty, caulking or molding clays, etc., all of which can be internally reinforced for better-strength structural purposes, are fabricated and made into desired strong and excellently-utile shaped article products of manufacture and the like under various forming conditions for the purpose from coarse paper starting material (viz, common "newsprint", kraft paper, cardboards, etc.) which starting material may optionally have "wet" sawdust and/or other undried cellulosic inclusions therein all of which, advantageously and economically, is converted by treatment thereof with certain non-azotizing, non-alklai, nascently-operative and -reacting strong oxidizing agents including such things as common household bleach (i.e.

Abstract: The throughdryability of dewatered, but wet, sheets made from papermaking fibers can be significantly increased by subjecting an aqueous suspension of the fibers at high consistency to elevated temperatures with sufficient working of the fibers. Such a treatment is particularly effective for improving the efficiency of throughdrying processes used in the manufacture of certain products, such as tissues and paper towels, made from furnishes having a significant amount of secondary or recycled fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for sizing of paper by using a particular vinylamine polymer as a size-fixing aid. By the use of the vinylamine polymer as a size-fixing aid, it has become possible to obtain a paper having superior sizing properties by papermaking at a pH around neutrality using a hitherto known acidic sizing agents without using a neutral sizing agent. The method of the present invention further has effects that operating efficiency of papermaking is greatly improved since contaminations of a papermaking machine due to a neutral agent can be avoided, and therefore, the prices of paper can be greatly lowered. The present method has further advantages when it is applied under acidic papermaking condition of a pH of less than 5.5. In such a condition, the addition amount of alum can be decreased and the life of a papermaking machine can be prolonged. In spite of a small amount of alum added, a considerably good sizing effect can be obtained by the present method.

Abstract: Process in manufacturing paper wherein stock is prepared using cellulose fiber material which contains calcium sulfate (gypsum). said material being disintegrated in an aqueous medium in order to form part of the stock for the paper to be produced. The characterizing feature of the process is that(a) carbonate ions and/or hydrogen carbonate ions (CO.sub.3.sup.2- or resp. HCO.sub.e.sup.- ) are supplied to the aqueous medium, and(b) the pH in the aqueous medium is adjusted to an alkaline value so that calcium carbonate precipitates and forms part of the suspension.There are overall major advantages provided by the process in the context of applying gypsum coatings on paper, inasmuch as broke can be reused in the process without any troublesome gypsum precipitation.

Abstract: Polyvinylaminals, optionally as the formed copolymer with polyvinyl hemiaminals, and polyvinyl acetals are added to a papermaking pulp slurry to improve the retention of fines in the final paper product. This polymer is provided by reacting a poly(vinylamine) which can be a homopolymer or a copolymer containing vinyl alcohol and vinyl amine units with a monoaldehyde. The aldehyde, such as butyraldehyde, modifies the structure of the polymer and increases its hydrophobicity. The use of these polymers in papermaking involving the recycle of waste papers provides notable advantages in fines retention because of the high level of fines which normally accompany such recycle paper waste.

Abstract: Cellulose pulp compositions of selected fiber morphology are disclosed. Of particular interest, are morphological forms of wood fibers with the potential to achieve improved paper strength without suffering the penalty of slow drainage rate. These cellulose pulps are especially useful for efficiently producing paper structures such as tissue paper of requisite strength.

Abstract: A process for reducing the density, increasing the bulk, the hand and the porosity of a sheet material containing fibers by use of a vegetable filler, wherein a pulverulant vegetable filler of density less than 500 kg/m.sup.3 is introduced into the fibrous mass during the manufacture of the material. At least 95% by weight of the particles of the vegetable filler are less than 150 micrometers in size and at least 80% by weight of the particles of vegetable filler are greater than 10 micrometers in size. The process is particularly useful for obtaining paper and cardboard of low density with improved hand (or bulk) and porosity. It is also attractive since it reduces the cost prices and enhances the thermal and acoustic insulation properties.

Abstract: In a papermaking operation which utilizes secondary fiber furnish containing hot melt or pressure sensitive adhesive contaminants, a method of inhibiting stickies comprising adding to the pulp slurry at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of fatty alkanolamides and ethoxylated compounds in addition to a hydrocarbon solvent.

Abstract: A novel composite board of mineral wool, perlite, and cellulosic newsprint fibers for use primarily as a ceiling tile is disclosed. The board displays virtually no sag (less than 200 mils) when exposed to high temperature and high humidity while displaying quite acceptable strength. The board is manufactured by selective deposition of a composition of latex and extender particles on the cellulosic newsprint fibers.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing paper is characterized by the fact that there is introduced into the fibrous composition constituting the starting or raw material, at two or several points, particularly in the wet end, separately from one another, one (or several) cationic starch(es) and one (or several) anionic starch(es) other than a starch phosphate.

Abstract: A structural material comprising a plurality of irregularly arranged members contacting one another with the points of contact forming junctions, the members being coated, which coating holds the members together to form a strong integral structural material and methods for producing same.

Abstract: This invention relates to homogeneous compositions comprising pulped paperboard and a finely divided polymer, suitably polyethylene terephthalate, commonly referred to as "PET". Also, provided are stable aqueous dispersions of finely divided polymer particles, preferably of micronic or submicronic range particle size. Processes for providing the novel compositions of the invention are also provided.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a substantially rigid water-dispersible article includes the step of mixing together an ionic water-soluble film-forming polymer, a non-ionic water-soluble film-forming polymer, a chemically purified finely divided highly bleached cellulose, and glass fiber wool. Water is added to the dry mixture to form a dough which is subsequently molded into the desired form and dried while being maintained in the molded form. A filler or extender such as talc or paper pulp may be added prior to the molding step. In addition, a wetting agent may be added to accelerate rewetting and dispersal of the article upon disposal thereof, while a hydrophobic composition may be added to the dough to form a water repellant surface layer or film during drying of the molded article.

Abstract: The machinability of a papermaking composition of recycled fibers is improved by treating the fibrous composition with an enzyme preparation which acts on all or part of the cellulose fiber components, causing an improvement in the drainability of the water through the fibrous layer.

Abstract: The deposition of stickies on machinery used in the pulping and papermaking processes and in the final paper produced in the papermaking process using secondary or recycled paper is controlled by adding an amount of a water-soluble organotitnium(IV) compound to the aqueous system of a pulping and/or papermaking process, effective to reduce or remove the deposition of the stickies on the machinery and the resulting paper.

Abstract: A method of producing multi-ply paper product, such as linerboard. A pulp stock of reclaimed, white office waste paper which contains fillers, such as clay and calcium carbonate, toners and ink is applied as a top ply to a base ply of Kraft pulp stock. Both pulp stocks have a pH in the range of 6.0 to 8.0. A dry strength additive, such as cooked starch, is incorporated in the plies and serves to improve the internal strength of the top ply, as well as improving the bond between the plies.

Abstract: A multi-ply paper product, such as linerboard, composed of a base ply of Kraft pulp and a top ply of reclaimed, white office waste paper which contains fillers, such as clay and calcium carbonate, toners and ink. A dry strength additive, such as cooked starch, is incorporated in the plies and serves to improve the internal strength of the top ply, as well as improving the bond between the plies.

Abstract: Hand or wiper towels are made according to a process which includes the steps of: forming a furnish of cellulosic fibers; depositing the furnish on a traveling foraminous belt, thereby forming a fibrous web on top of the traveling foraminous belt; subjecting the fibrous web to non-compressive drying to remove the water from the fibrous web; and removing the dried fibrous web from the traveling foraminous belt. The dried fibrous web is not creped. These hand towels possess superior levels of absorbent capacity, absorbent rate, softness, and strength to other prior art hand or wiper towels with the same or about the same basis weight. Embossing of the hand or wiper towels enhances the superior qualities of the towels. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transfer of the fibrous web from a foraminous belt of a higher speed to a foraminous belt of a lower speed produces a towel with enhanced strength and softness.

Abstract: A packing paper comprising a support layer and a coating layer. The coating layer contains minerals, which give it a white pigmentation, has a content of between 25 and 50% by weight of dry materials, has a good degree of whiteness which is at least equal to 70, and has good capacity for flexographic printing.

Abstract: To remove disturbing wax particles and for increasing the specific volume the short fiber fraction is subjected to a thermal treatment, especially by application of water vapor or steam, in a heater, such as a worm heater throughout a defined residence time and a defined temperature. With relatively low energy expenditure the distrubing wax particles are eliminated in such a manner that no wax spots or speckles can be discerned in the finished product. The specific volume of the short fiber fraction is appreciably increased while obtaining a predetermined strength.

Abstract: A novel composite board of mineral wool, perlite, and cellulosic newsprint fibers for use primarily as a ceiling tile is disclosed. The board displays virtually no sag (less than 200 mils) when exposed to high temperature and high humidity while displaying quite acceptable strength. The board, or product without mineral wool or perlite, is manufactured by selective deposition of a latex composition on the cellulosic newsprint fibers.

Abstract: Economical manufacturing of wood powder-molded products becomes possible with the introduction of wood pulp as the binding agent to be used in combination with water. The molded products feature not only high moisture absorbing capability and a unique natural touch of hybrid between wood and paper, but easy and convenient disposability after use. The product can be molded into any shape, but the method would be more suitable for manufacturing small-size pellet products form the practical standpoint to perform drying (dehydration) process. This invention enables to utilize wood powder resources including sawdust, which is currently disposed of in a huge amount as the industrial waste, all over the world.

Abstract: Degradable particulate absorbent materials, together with processes for manufacture thereof, wherein the absorbent materials: (i) have, in most forms of the invention, only on the order of 0% to 10%, by weight, of inorganic solids or "fillers", and in all forms have less than 30% inorganic solids by weight; (ii) are not in pellet form; (iii) are characterized by an open porous fiber structure having relatively low bulk densities on the order of not more than 13 lbs./ft..sup.3 and preferably only from about 6 to about 10 lbs./ft..sup.

Abstract: Urea is used to pacify "stickies" in the manufacture of paper products, particularly coated boxboard.

Abstract: There has been provided a recreped absorbent product manufactured by forming a web from an aqueous stock, drying the web to a selected consistency and creping one side thereof. The creped web is then conveyed at a selected rate for drying and recreping on the same side. The web moisture consistency, draw speeds, crepe angle and nip pressures as well as crepe adhesive qualities are controlled parameters.

Abstract: High strength, cellulosic-gel-containing kraft paper is made by mechanically refining kraft papermaking pulp to a freeness of CSF 500-800, mixing the resulting refined pulp with from 1 to 10% hydrated cellulosic gel binder, running the resulting fluid mixture into a felted sheet and pressing and drying the sheet to form the kraft paper product.

Abstract: A method of making a shaped cellulosic paper or paperboard, comprising the steps of:(a) diluting cellulosic fibers with water to form an aqueous suspension of less than 10 percent by weight cellulosic fibers;(b) agitating the aqueous suspension of cellulosic fibers until the fibers become separated from each other and swollen;(c) dewatering the aqueous suspension to at least 20 percent weight cellulosic fibers;(d) preparing a homogeneous, plastically formable material by adding to the suspension sufficient hydrocolloid to bind substantially all of the water in the material to prevent the water from bleeding out during subsequent shaping and to prevent the fibers from flocculating, and by kneading the material, said material containing water in the range of from about 50 to about 90 percent, fibers in the range of from about 8 to 49 percent, and hydrocolloid in the range of from about 1 to about 20 percent, by weight;(e) shaping the material by extrusion, injection molding, rolling, pressing or drawing, and(f)

Abstract: A low settled density loose fill heat insulation for building structures is formed by the addition to cellulose insulation of staple fibers selected from the group polypropylene, acetate, polyethylene, polyester, acrylic and vinyl. The staple fibers extend the cellulose insulation.

Abstract: A method of making a cellulosic paper or paperboard by agitating an aqueous suspension of cellulose fibers until they become separated from each other and swollen. A sufficient amount of hydrocolloid is added to bind the water in the suspension such that no water will bleed out during a subsequent shaping. The mixture is kneaded until a homogeneous, plastically deformable mixture is formed. The mixture contains about 50-90% water, fibers in excess of about 8% and hydrocolloid in excess of about 1% by weight. The mixture is shaped by extrusion, rolling, pressing or drawing.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a high impart strength carbonate building element is disclosed. Solids and water are mixed to produce a slurry in which the solids consist essentially of at least one alkali earth oxide or hydroxide and an amount of cellulose fibers in the range of 7-40% by weight of solids. The slurry is formed into a gas permeable shape having water-containing voids and a porosity in the range of 35-50%. Carbon dioxide is then caused to permeate into the shape through the voids to convert the hydroxide to a carbonate, thereby imparting high impact strength to the resulting element. This converting step is performed in a short time period, the duration of which depends on the percentage of carbon dioxide present in the processing atmosphere. This time period is about 30 minutes for an atmosphere of 100% carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel sheet adapted to be adhered to and form the outer layer of a wood article, said sheet being made from a furnish comprising, for each 100 parts by weight, from about 10 to 25 parts synthetic pulp, 10 to 25 parts by weight mineral fiber, 0.1 to 2 parts size, 0.1 to 2 parts wet strength agent, and 79.8 to 46 parts wood fiber and to laminates comprising a wood core and said sheet adhered to at least one surface of said core.

Abstract: Fibrous materials are disclosed having incorporated therein upgraded waste sulphite liquor; the liquor is neutralized, e. g., with sodium borate, sodium aluminate, reacidified, if needed, with alum; the modified sulphite waste liquor of hardwoods as well as articles of manufacture of fibrous materials such as corrugated medium made of waste materials are diclosed; further, articles of manufacture thus modified include starch or sizing and are within the scope of the invention.

Abstract: An amino-resin composition, in particular urea formaldehyde and/or melamine formaldehyde, in the form of fibres, having incorporated therein at least one additional compound which contains at least one aldehyde or ketone group and at least one hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom.

Abstract: A method for producing shaped bodies of fibrous materials using mineral fibers, cellulosic fibers, and zero fibers. The zero fibers are extremely thin and short cellulosic fibers produced either synthetically or from natural by-products from the cellulose industry. These bodies can be used as substitutes for asbestos fiber products, and display physical properties, such as resistance and rigidity, comparable to the asbestos products. The fibrous materials are produced using an aqueous dispersion of the mineral fibers, cellulose fibers, and zero fibers, whereafter the dispersion is de-watered, shaped and dried.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for making an asbestos-free calcium silicate board, which comprises preparing a slurry of a mixture of silicic acid material, lime material, fibrous wollastonite and pulp with a large amount of water, forming the slurry into a raw board by means of the sheet-forming technique, steaming the raw board and drying. This invention also relates to the board produced in accordance with the above method.

Abstract: Improved fluffed pulp consisting of 95 to 25 percent by weight groundwood and 5 to 75 percent by weight chemical pulp, with a liquid retention capacity of at least 6.5 gram liquid per gram pulp, a liquid dispersing capacity of at least 2.5 gram liquid per gram pulp per minute, a bulk of at least 18 cm.sup.3 /gram and a web strength of at least 0.2 Newton, and a method of producing said pulp by mixing 95 to 25 percent by weight groundwood and 5 to 75 percent by weight chemical pulp beaten in a wet state with each other, dewatering mechanically to a dry solids content of 40 to 50 percent by weight, coarse-defibrating, drying in a flash drying step to 60 to 85 percent by weight, finish-defibrating and finish-drying to 80 to 95 percent by weight dry solids content.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are decorative laminates meeting N.E.M.A. standards which have high impact resistance, flexural strength, and low water absorption qualities suitable for surface veneering wherein the core stock paper is made from 10% to 100% of newspaper or newsprint pulp which in the preferred practice of the invention is substituted for either the pine portion of the core sheet or the hardwood portion.