Abstract: The object of the invention is an additive for paper making by means of which the dusting tendency of paper can be reduced. The agent is based on starch, the molecular size of which has been reduced, and which has been cationized to a charge of less than 1.5 meq/g with a quaternary nitrogen compound. The agent is added to the fiber pulp for paper making prior to web formation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of and apparatus for treating pulp with filler. The method and apparatus according to the invention are especially well suitable for treating pulp with filler, the mixing of which to the pulp requires simultaneous treatment of the pulp with gas. The treatment of cellulose pulp suspension of the paper making industry and calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide is presented as one preferred embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a mixer for mixing flows of a papermaking process. In the invention, a first flow is conveyed through a tube, and turbulence is generated in it by means of form parts located on the inner periphery of the tube. The mixing zone of the mixer comprises feed openings on the inner periphery of the tube for feeding a second flow from a feed channel outside the tube into the first flow, whereby the flows are mixed as a result of the turbulence generated by the form parts. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one form part comprises a feed opening.

Abstract: A new foam coated nonwoven fibrous mat having properties particularly suited for a facer on gypsum wallboard, laminates made therefrom and the method of making the mat is disclosed. The mat preferably contains a major portion of glass fibers and a minor portion of a resinous binder. The foam coating is permeable and reduces fiber dust and abrasion experienced in the past with relatively coarse, relatively inexpensive glass fibers in the mat. Contrary to previous methods, the foam coated fibrous mat is made in-line on a wet mat forming production line by applying a wet foam binder onto a wet, fibrous web followed by drying and curing in-line.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for softening a wet laid cellulosic structure. A particularly preferred structure is an absorbent tissue. Further disclosed are tissue structures softened using the composition. The composition includes an effective amount of a softening active ingredient; a vehicle in which the softening active ingredient is dispersed; an electrolyte dissolved in the vehicle; and a bilayer disrupter. The electrolyte and the bilayer disrupter cooperate to cause the viscosity of the composition to be less than the viscosity of a dispersion of the softening active ingredient in the vehicle alone. Preferably, the softening active ingredient is a quaternary ammonium compound with the formula: (R1)4-m—N+—[(CH2)n—Y—R3]mX? the vehicle is water, the electrolyte is calcium chloride, and the bilayer disrupter is a nonionic surfactant. Also disclosed is a method of using the compound by adding it at a use concentration to the wet end of a papermaking process.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: The object of the invention is an additive for paper making by means of which the dusting tendency of paper can be reduced. The agent is based on starch, the molecular size of which has been reduced, and which has been cationized to a charge of less than 1.5 meq/g with a quaternary nitrogen compound. The agent is added to the fiber pulp for paper making prior to web formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for affixing a mineral filler onto an aqueous cellulose-fiber suspension. In this invention, the method uses as its reaction medium an aqueous cellulose-fiber suspension which is derived from papermaking and which includes at least hydrogen carbonates, carbonates or silicates of alkali and/or earth alkali metals, and the invention adds to the reaction medium a hydroxide of the filler mineral in order to precipitate the mineral filler's carbonates or silicates onto the fibers. In particular, the invention applies to papermaking.

Abstract: A polyamide, the enzymatic reaction product of at least one polyamine and diester, and processes for preparing and using the same. In addition, processes for preparing and using the enzymatic reaction product as creping adhesives and wet strength resins to make cellulose products.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates poly(aminoamide) pre-polymers, polyamide polymers, a multi-step process for the synthesis of these pre-polymers and polymers using acrylates and at least one monomer containing at least two primary amines, and the resins resulting from the reaction of the polymers with an epihalohydrin. These resins may be used as wet strength resins and creping aids in the papermaking industry as well as surface additives for wool.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with amphiphilic hydrocarbons (e.g. surface active agents) which are commonly utilized in the paper industry to control absorbency, improve softness, enhance surface feel and function as dispersants. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having surface active moieties which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: Methods for making high wet performance webs. A polymeric anionic reactive compound is applied heterogenously to a cellulosic fibrous web followed by curing of the compound to crosslink the cellulose fibers. The resulting tissue has high wet resiliency, high wet strength, and a high wet:dry tensile strength ratio.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for stabilizing the pH of a pulp suspension with buffering agents and to a process for producing paper from a stabilized pulp suspension. The alkalinity of the pulp suspension is increased by a combination of an alkali metal hydroxide feed and a carbon dioxide feed. Said feeds provide a significant buffering effect which stablilizes the pH of said pulp suspension for the paper making process.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with modified aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are commonly utilized, in conjunction with cationic moieties, as softeners, debonders, lubricants and sizing agents. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having an aliphatic moiety which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: A filter material is described that is coated with cyclodextrins charged with taste substances, whereby the filter material also has 1 to 99% uncharged cyclodextrins, as well as a process for its production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilized calcium carbonate filler, a process for stabilizing calcium carbonate, the use of the stabilized filler in a paper making system, and an improved paper making process wherein calcium carbonate is used as a filler. Specifically, the invention relates to a process wherein the rate of dissolution of calcium carbonate filler is retarded as compared to the rate found in conventional paper making processes. The rate of dissolution is retarded by addition of carbon dioxide to a slurry containing the calcium carbonate filler.

Abstract: In the manufacture of tissue products from cellulose fibers, it is often desirable to enhance physical properties by the addition of chemical additives, including for example debonding agents. These additives serve to prevent or disrupt interfiber or intrafiber hydrogen bonding. Depending upon the nature of the chemical additive, debonding agents may also act as softening agents. During the papermaking process, chemical additives of this type can be added to fiber slurries in the wet end of a papermaking machine. Alternately, such additives may be sprayed upon tissue layers during manufacture, prior to assembly into multi-ply tissue structures. The chemical additives may include quaternary ammonium salts or organofunctional polysiloxanes. The chemical additives may include quaternary ammonium salts or organofunctional polysiloxanes or polysiloxanes. Some of the quaternary salts which may be used include salts comprised in part of imidazoline heterocyclic nitrogen ring structures.

Abstract: A binder is applied to particles which are then combined with fibers to bind the particles to the fibers. The particles have functional sites for forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond. The fibers have hydrogen bonding functional sites. The binder comprises binder molecules, the binder molecules having at least one functional group that is capable of forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond with the particles, and at least one functional group that is capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the fibers. A substantial portion of the particles that are adhered to the fibers may be adhered in particulate form by hydrogen bonds or coordinate covalent bonds to the binder, and the binder in turn may be adhered to the fibers by hydrogen bonds. Fibers containing particles bound by this method are easily densified.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with amphiphilic hydrocarbons (e.g. surface active agents) which are commonly utilized in the paper industry to control absorbency, improve softness, enhance surface feel and function as dispersants. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having surface active moieties which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: A binder is applied to particles which are then combined with fibers to bind the particles to the fibers. The particles have functional sites for forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond. The fibers have hydrogen bonding functional sites. The binder comprises binder molecules, the binder molecules having at least one functional group that is capable of forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond with the particles, and at least one functional group that is capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the fibers. A substantial portion of the particles that are adhered to the fibers may be adhered in particulate form by hydrogen bonds or coordinate covalent bonds to the binder, and the binder in turn may be adhered to the fibers by hydrogen bonds. Fibers containing particles bound by this method are easily densified.

Abstract: A gravure paper and a method of manufacturing gravure paper having a maximal roughness depth of approximately 1.40 &mgr;m. The method utilizes a paper machine including a forming system, a first press section, and a drying section, and includes producing a stock suspension including a stock having a freeness of greater than or equal to approximately 50 ml CSF, forming an unfinished fibrous material web from the stock suspension, and applying at least one of a pigment and a filler slurry to the unfinished fibrous material web between a beginning of the forming system and a position at which the dry matter content of the unfinished fibrous material web is approximately ≦90%.

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: A method for making a nonwoven reinforcing may for vinyl floor coverings is described. A base mat is formed from a mixture of glass fibers and polymeric binder fibers and/or powder, follows by treatment with a second water-based polymeric binder composition. The mat has been found to be highly satisfactory as a substrate for compressible vinyl floor covering.

Abstract: Methods for making high wet performance webs. A polymeric anionic reactive compound is applied heterogenously to a cellulosic fibrous web followed by curing of the compound to crosslink the cellulose fibers. The resulting tissue has high wet resiliency, high wet strength, and a high wet:dry tensile strength ratio.

Abstract: There is provided laser-markable paper and board products which include micronized polymers comprising of linear aromatic polyesters and/or of linear polyarylenes having a particle size of from 0.1 to 100 &mgr;m as absorber material and material for carbonization.

Abstract: A method for making a nonwoven reinforcing may for vinyl floor coverings is described. A base mat is formed from a mixture of glass fibers and polymeric binder fibers and/or powder, follows by treatment with a second water-based polymeric binder composition. The mat has been found to be highly satisfactory as a substrate for compressible vinyl floor covering.

Abstract: Methods for making high wet performance webs. A polymeric anionic reactive compound is applied to a cellulosic fibrous web followed by flash curing of the compound to crosslink the cellulose fibers. The resulting tissue has high wet resiliency, high wet strength, and a high wet:dry tensile strength ratio.

Abstract: A process for improving gravure and offset printability of coated and uncoated printing papers by increasing filler share in the paper on the top and bottom sides or in the outer layers of the paper web by using a retention agent, and providing the outerlayers of the fiber bearing liquid forming the paper web with additional retention agent before or during sheet formation on or between the wires of the paper making machine.

Abstract: A highly densifiable wood pulp product is disclosed. In one embodiment, the densifiable product includes fibers having low coarseness, preferably having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, and a densifying agent. In another embodiment, the densifiable product further includes fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m. Juvenile wood fibers are the preferred source of fibers having low coarseness. A densified pulp product formed by compacting a fibrous composite that includes fibers having a fiber coarseness less than about 22 mg/100 m, a densifying agent, and optionally, fibers having coarseness greater than about 22 mg/100 m is also disclosed. The pulp products can be advantageously incorporated into absorbent articles and can optionally further include superabsorbent material. Methods for forming the densifiable and densified fibrous products are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are alkenyl and/or alkyl succinimides formed from at least one alkenyl or alkyl succinic anhydride and at least one aliphatic amine having one or two primary amino groups in the molecule. These succinimides are characterized in that each alkenyl or alkyl group thereof contains in the range of 16 to 30 carbon atoms. Such group is bifurcated on its alpha carbon atom into two branches neither of which contains less than 2 carbon atoms, one such branch being free of any side chain, and the other such branch either being free of any side chain or containing at most one methyl or methylene side chain. In addition the succinimide has a viscosity at 80° C. of less than about 100 centistokes. These succinimides are especially useful as internal and external sizing agents for paper and paper products.

Abstract: Synthetic polymers having hydrogen bonding capability and one or more polysiloxane moieties are capable of providing two distinct properties to paper products, such as tissues, which properties heretofore have been imparted through the use of at least two different molecules. The backbone of these synthetic polymers is based on modified vinyl polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamides and polyacrylic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to tissue products having improved softness properties and methods of making them. Specifically, improved softness is achieved by incorporating one or more softeners/debonders into the fiber furnish at the wet end of the tissue machine prior to formation, followed by a topical treatment with one or more softeners/debonders after the tissue web is dried. The result is a tissue product with added bulk and a smooth surface feel, both properties contributing to improved softness characteristics.

Abstract: Paper is produced by draining a paper stock containing process chemicals on a paper machine, a main stream of the paper stock and a dilution stream which consists of white water, contains at least 5% by weight of the process chemicals and amounts to 5-35% by volume of the total head box feed being fed via a head box to the paper machine wire. The papers thus produced have an excellent formation profile and an outstanding ash distribution.

Abstract: An authenticatable paper product is prepared by adding to a papermaking furnish fibers treated with from about 50-200 lb/ton of a fluorescent whitening agent (FWA). The paper made from the papermaking furnish will include fluorescent cellulosic fibers in an amount ranging from between 0.1-4.0 lb/ton to achieve FWA concentrations within the range of 1-20 ppm.

Abstract: A decorative laminate comprising a decorative paper sheet and a plurality of resin impregnated sheets wherein color is incorporated into said decorative paper sheet as non-resin impregnated paper chips or one or more colors.

Abstract: Pigmented paper fibers of improved brightness and light scattering ability are produced by treating the pulp fibers with 0.1 to about 10 wt. % of a silica/alumina sulfate sol composition at a temperature of about 50 to 80.degree. C. and good agitation.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A recording material including paper containing cellulose fibers as the main component, with the elongation percentage of the paper in the cross direction thereof when immersed in water at 20.degree. C. for 1 minute being 1.8 % or less, is produced and recycled. In addition, paper containing cellulose fibers, with the same elongation percentage as mentioned above in the machine direction thereof is also provided.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: The invention relates to tissue products having improved softness properties and methods of making them. Specifically, improved softness is achieved by incorporating a silicone betaine either into the furnish and/or topically applied to the tissue web. Optionally, one or more softeners/debonders are also incorporated into the fiber furnish at the wet end of the tissue machine prior to formation, and/or by an optional topical treatment after the tissue web is formed or dried. The result is a tissue product with added bulk and a smooth surface feel, both properties contributing to improved softness characteristics.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: The invention includes a method that provides a low cost aqueous solution of solubilized collagen by the steps of: (a) providing an aqueous ground slurry of insoluble collagen and adjusting the pH of said slurry to obtain activity for a proteolytic enzyme added in Step b; (b) adding said proteolytic enzyme to said pH adjusted slurry; (c) reacting the slurry and enzyme of Step b and/or recycled insoluble collagen and enzyme from Step e at a temperature, T, and for a time, t, effective for forming a solution increased in solubilized collagen; (d) adding additional water and insoluble collagen to said solution of Step c and mixing; (e) separating at least some of the solution of Step d containing solubilized collagen from insoluble collagen, whereby at least a portion of said insoluble collagen and proteolytic enzyme is recycled to Step c, and the separated solution containing solubilized collagen is withdrawn as product; an alternative embodiment provides for the direct production of solubilized collagen withou

Abstract: A method for making a collagen strengthened cellulosic sheet by providing a cellulosic pulp slurry; adding solubilized collagen to the pulp slurry, and mixing for a time effective for interaction of the cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen; forming the interacted cellulosic pulp slurry and solubilized collagen into a sheet; and drying the sheet; also, a method for using solubilized collagen for strengthening paper by mixing the solubilized collagen with a cellulosic pulp slurry; and making a cellulosic pulp product from the mixture and drying.

Abstract: Binder is applied to fibers during the production of a web on a wet laid sheet manufacturing line. Particles are bound to fibrous material by a binder that has a volatility less than water, wherein the binder has a functional group capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the fibers, and a functional group that is capable of forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond with the particles. The binder may be activated or reactivated by addition of heat, liquid, or mechanical energy such that fibers treated with binder may be shipped to a distribution point before particles are bound to the fibers. The binder may be a polymeric binder selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polyamides and polyamines, and in which the polymeric binder has a hydrogen bonding functionality or coordinate covalent bond forming functionality on each repeating unit of the polymeric binder.