Abstract: A press mechanism and method for removing liquid from a traveling fibrous web such as in a paper making machine including first and second elongate extended press nips including an endless looped traveling belt passing over spaced guide rolls with first and second opposed press rolls pressed into the belt to form the extended nips between the press rolls and belt and opposed shoes within the belt pressing outwardly against the press rolls to form the extended nips with the shoes urged against the belt by opposed pistons having a liquid pressure chamber therebetween so that the reaction forces of the fluid on the pistons are cancelled with the web being carried through the nips on felts and following the belt between the nips.

Abstract: A paper machine press section has an intermediate press nip defined between a pair of press rolls, a web conveying fabric in the form of a suitable felt or wire travelling between these press rolls together with a web carried thereby while engaging one of the press rolls. An endless fabric means in the form of a suitable felt or wire laps the other press roll to travel also through the intermediate press nip while engaging the web at the side thereof which is directed away from the web-conveying fabric. Thus, while travelling through the intermediate press nip, the web is compressed between the above fabrics. Immediately subsequent to the intermediate press nip, the web-conveying fabric together with the web conveyed thereby lap the press roll which engages the web-conveying fabric through an angle which is at least 5.degree. and which preferably is in a range of approximately 7.degree.-30.degree..

Abstract: A method for feeding a paper web from a forming wire and for dewatering the web including the steps of urging a pick-up felt against the web on the forming wire, adhering the web by suction to the surface of a pick-up felt, transferring the web onto a transfer felt which wraps a transfer roll, the latter being contiguous to the pick-up roll, passing the web on the transfer felt to a first dewatering press nip formed by an upper suction press roll and a cavernous surface lower press roll, the latter operating inside the transfer felt loop while the suction roll operates inside its own felt loop, pressing the web in the first press nip to dewater the web in two directions i.e.

Abstract: Sludge like sewage sludge is fed at the beginning of a path of travel of two endless belts of filter material. The sludge, carried between the two endless belts, is compressed and dehydrated between a drum which is supported in bearings with its periphery in contact with one of the endless belts and pressure belts which are trained around a plurality of rolls and brought into contact with the other of the endless belts. The pressure belts are composed of a multiplicity of narrow belts. Pressing by individual pressure belts is applied to the endless filter material belts at a suitable number of stages into which the path of the filter material belts is divided. Preferably, pressure is exerted on the sludge by a smaller number of pressure belts at early pressing stage and by a larger number of pressure belts at later pressing stages.

Abstract: In a paper-manufacturing machine a web is subjected to suction by placing a space between the web and a suction roll lapped thereby in communication with a region of substantially less than atmospheric pressure which is maintained at a part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web. The structure includes a jacket which defines with the part of the suction roll which is not lapped by the web a hollow region with which a source of suction communicates. This hollow region of less than atmospheric pressure is situated at the exterior of the suction roll and bounded in part by an exterior surface of the suction roll, so that the hollow interior of the shell of the suction roll need not necessarily be utilized for providing the suction at the web.

Abstract: A method and machine for manufacturing a multilayer paper board which includes an outer web bonded to a base web has the features of initially forming the outer web on a planar section of a single wire where through a suitable structure a first dewatering stage of the web on the single wire is provided, a second dewatering stage being provided by way of a suitable dewatering show subsequent to the first dewatering stage with this second dewatering stage having an initial portion where dewatering takes place simultaneous in opposite directions and a final portion where dewatering takes place only outwardly away from the first wire.

Abstract: A continuous web of wood or cellulose pulp leaving a dewatering apparatus such as a suction mould or vat machine and having a relatively high content of water, is slitted in two or more longitudinal webs of approximately the same width. The narrow, slitted webs are turned so as to be parallel and brought together or gathered to a multilayer web which is narrower and thicker than the original web. This multilayer web is subjected to further dewatering in one or more pressing machines having dimensions adapted to those of the multilayer web. Finally, the multilayer web is cut transversely into sheets of appropriate size for stacking and packing in bales of suitable size.

Abstract: In a process for the manufacture of a lithographic printing plate having a paper base and a lithographic printing surface thereon comprising a resinous coating, lower coat weights leading to high coating speeds can be obtained by first smoothing the base to not substantially greater than about 150 Sheffield units, then size-pressing onto the smooth base either a barrier coat for the lithographic printing surface or a single coat comprising said lithographic printing surface.

Abstract: During the manufacture of a paper product such as paper or cardboard, a moving web of sheet material which is to form the paper product is lapped over a roll while the relatively smooth, hard surface of a smoothing member is pressed against an outer surface region of the sheet material across the entire width thereof while an inner surface region thereof engages the roll, so as to impart in this way desired characteristics to the surface of the web engaged by the smoothing member, with a frictional rubbing action being provided between the web and the surface of the smoothing member. The above roll may be the roll of a press section, a drying section, or a calendering section of a paper machine, and a suitable support structure carries the smoothing member to maintain the latter in engagement with the moving web. The smoothing member may be fixed to the supporting structure or may take the form of a smoothing roller supported for rotary movement by the supporting structure.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for forming a continuous traveling web from bagasse fibers including forming a web between a pair of looped traveling wires to dewater from both sides of the formed web, lifting the formed web off of one of the wires and immediately passing the web through a first press nip sandwiched between two press felts with the web continually being supported between the forming wire and first nip, carrying the web on the upper side of one of the felts to a second nip and passing the web between two felts in the second nip, bringing the web to a dryness of at least 30% in the first two double felted nips, transferring the web onto a plain roll and passing it through third and fourth nips on the plain roll with felts outwardly of the web and removing the web from the plain roll to transfer it to a dryer section.

Abstract: The transfer of a fibrous web in a paper-making machine from a first foraminous belt to a second foraminous belt is facilitated by applying water to the side of the first belt opposite from the side on which the web is carried partially to wet the web, leading the second belt into engagement with the fibrous web before or after wetting it, and after the web is wet, and while the second belt is in engagement with the web, causing the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adhering to the first belt to exceed the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adjacent to the second belt.

Abstract: Modified paper which exhibits high tear resistance and toughness and which contains a high percentage of straw fibers and which has fibers consolidated in a three step process including drawing water off by vacuum, press drying and fiber upsetting.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing novel convoluted, fiberized substantially nonfibrillated, cellulose fibers and novel sheet products from low moisture-content cellulose pulp, at a high through-put rate, which includes the application of contortive forces to a pulp mass under controlled operating conditions, wherein the feed rate, work space gap, and relative rate of movement of the working elements applying the contortive forces are correlated to maintain the work space filled with fibers under sufficient compression. Sheets made from these fibers exhibit excellent bulk, softness and absorbency properties, even when the formation process is conducted in an aqueous system, and even when substantial compacting forces are applied to the wet web processing.

Abstract: Lubrication of a compacting resilient belt used in a web compacting system is facilitated by maintaining a constant depth pool of lubricating liquid between a fluid compactor bar and the inside surface of the belt on the belt approach side of the compactor bar. The compactor bar includes a liquid dam sidewall portion that is provided with liquid overflow weir openings so that the level of the surface of the pool can be automatically maintained at a predetermined height. The belt is used in conjunction with a drum to form a nip space between the outside surface of the belt and a peripheral sector of the drum, the nip space receiving the web to be compacted in the web running direction in a conventional manner, the outside surface of the belt being compressed against the drum by the compactor bar, which bears against the inside surface of the belt while the belt is driven through the nip space.

Abstract: A press structure for performing a dewatering operation in the steps of formation of a traveling fibrous web such as in a paper making machine wherein the wet web is carried on one or more water absorbing felts through a press formed of a pair of extremely tough liquid impervious belts with the belts backed throughout a pressing zone by a series of fluid pressure chambers applying hydraulic pressures to the back of the belt. The chambers are arranged so that a first fluid pressure is applied at a first portion of the pressing zone, and subsequently a second higher pressure is applied to the belts at a second portion of the pressing zone and thereafter a third pressure is applied at a third portion. Each successive pressure is higher than the previous one so that the hydraulic resistance pressure of the moisture leaving the web does not build up at such a rate so as to disrupt the web fibers.

Abstract: A method for attaching plastic nets to non-woven blankets without use of adhesives is disclosed. The net is positioned adjacent the non-woven blanket and then the strands of the netting are vibrated causing surface fibers of the blanket to surround the strands and hold the net to the blanket without the use of adhesives.

Abstract: A gypsum wallboard or plasterboard having a high mechanical strength, especially high impact strength, and a large bulk density is prepared from a mixture consisting essentially of calcined gypsum, cellulosic fibers, asbestos fibers, a setting retardant for the calcined gypsum and water, by withdrawing solid components of the mixture in layer form. A plurality of the thus-obtained layers is piled to form a preform of the desired thickness and pressure-molding the preform under a molding pressure of from 10 to 400 kg/cm.sup.2 to obtain the board product.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a roller arrangement for removing water from fibrous material in which the material is fed between a pair of endless sieve bands which rotate in contact with each of upper and lower rollers. The improvement comprises upper and lower rollers each having a smaller diameter in the operating direction of the sieve bands than the preceding roller, and the vertical axial distances of the rollers also decrease in the operating direction. The invention also includes an improvement in which an additional roller is mounted above at least one upper roller contacted by both of the sieve bands, and the additional roller having a smaller diameter than the upper roller, whereby the sieve bands pass around the rollers in a Z-shaped path.