Abstract: A method for making a shoebox includes preparing a pulp tank and a mold which includes a first upper mold, a first lower mold and a second lower mold; a step of forming a flat sheet of a semi-final product which includes closing the first upper and lower molds to produce the semi-final product; a step of vacuum suction and mold movement which includes vacuum sucking the semi-final product to the first upper mold, moving the first upper mold to above the second lower mold; a step of hot pressing of the semi-final product into a flat sheet of a final product with patterns and fold lines by closing and heating the first upper mold and the second lower mold; and a step of separating the first upper mold and the second lower mold, taking out the final product and folding it into a shoebox.

Abstract: A biomass hydrothermal decomposition apparatus includes, a biomass feeder (31) that feeds biomass material (11) under normal pressure to under increased pressure, a hydrothermal decomposition device (42A) that allows the fed biomass material (11) to be gradually moved inside a device main body (42A) from either end thereof in a consolidated condition, and also allows hot compressed water (15) to be fed from an other end of a feed section for the biomass material into the main body (42A), so as to cause the biomass material (11) and the hot compressed water (15) to countercurrently contact with each other and undergo hydrothermal decomposition, and that elutes a lignin component and a hemicellulose component into the hot compressed water, so as to separate the lignin component and the hemicellulose component from the biomass material (11); and a biomass discharger (51) that discharges, from the side where the hot compressed water is fed into the device main body, a biomass solid residue (17) under increased pr

Abstract: The invention relates to a structure for producing castings, which comprises an organic fiber, carbon fiber, inorganic particles, and at least one kind of thermosetting resin selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, epoxy resin and furan resin.

Abstract: A method of producing a lipped molded article comprising the steps of forming a molded article having an opening portion by papermaking and outwardly curling the peripheral wall portion which constitutes the opening portion to make a lip. The method is characterized in that the inner surface of the molded article is coated with a resin layer to make a multilayer molded article, the part to be curled of the peripheral wall portion of the molded article is impregnated with a liquid, and the part to be curled is subjected to curling processing while or after being heated.

Abstract: A method of producing a fiber molded article using a pressing mold, includes inserting a first split and a second split into a slurry tank such that a fiber layer is formed on the first split and a fiber layer is formed on the second split, placing the pressing mold, which includes a solid elastic member and an inflatable elastic member configured to be inflated, onto the fiber layer on the first split, joining the first split and the second split such that a fiber molded article is formed from the fiber layer on the first split and the fiber layer on the second split, and dewatering and shaping the fiber molded article by pressing the fiber molded article by the solid elastic pressing member and the inflatable elastic pressing member.

Abstract: A fibrous panel is molded in two or more progressively formed mold members each comprising a porous support plate to which a plurality of rigid mold pieces are affixed. The mold pieces are truncated 3D tapered structures, and are arranged on the support plate in a regular array so that an intersecting grid or lattice of channels is defined between them. A fiber stock is poured into a first mold member and the stock is compressed and dewatered to form a panel. The panel is removed from the first mold member and placed into a second mold member having narrower and shallower channels whose side walls are more upright than those of the first mold member. The panel is further compressed and dewatered in the second mold member, and is densified in both the vertical and lateral directions by virtue of the progressive formation of the mold members.

Abstract: A method of producing a pulp molded article. The method feeds a pulp slurry to a cavity of a papermaking mold having a prescribed cavity shape to form a pulp preform including a main part having an opening and a separable part having a flange and connected to an edge of the opening. A pressing member is inserted into the preform, the pressing member is expanded to press the preform toward the papermaking surface, the preform is removed from the papermaking mold, and then the preform is cut at a joint between the separable part and the main part.

Abstract: A method of producing a lipped molded article comprising the steps of forming a molded article having an opening portion by papermaking and outwardly curling the peripheral wall portion which constitutes the opening portion to make a lip. The method is characterized in that the inner surface of the molded article is coated with a resin layer to make a multilayer molded article, the part to be curled of the peripheral wall portion of the molded article is impregnated with a liquid, and the part to be curled is subjected to curling processing while or after being heated.

Abstract: Pulp deposited bodies (7 and 8) are formed on the surfaces (2a and 3a) of a set of splits (2 and 3) of a papermaking mold, each split having a plurality of interconnecting holes connecting the outside to the inside thereof, and the splits (2 and 3) are mated to join the pulp deposited bodies (7 and 8).

Abstract: An absorbent and time release material formed from a dried pulp impregnated with an impregnating substance such as wax or oil, that is ground to a powder or pellet form. The material can be used to suppress fires, reclaim land, retain water, provide traction on slippery surfaces, and enhance or replace soil mixes.

Abstract: Pulp deposited bodies (7 and 8) are formed on the surfaces (2a and 3a) of a set of splits (2 and 3) of a papermaking mold, each split having a plurality of interconnecting holes connecting the outside to the inside thereof, and the splits (2 and 3) are mated to join the pulp deposited bodies (7 and 8).

Abstract: A nonwoven fabric suitable to be used as a kitchen paper including thermoplastic synthetic fibers being 7˜30 mm long and as fine as of 0.1˜0.8 d, in 90˜10% by weight and pulp fibers being 2˜7 mm long, in 10˜90% by weight, these component fibers being mixed together as homogeneously as possible and mechanically entangled so as to have a basis weight of 10˜80 g/m2 as a whole.

Abstract: A method of preparing biodegradable, water-resistant, moldable paper board or molded paper utensil which includes the steps of: (a) preparing a pulp aqueous slurry at a consistency of about 4%; (b) adding surfactant selected from the group consisting of rosin soap, sodium oleate, sodium stearate, and sodium palmitate to the pulp aqueous slurry; (c) adding between 25-75% weight of a biodegradable and water-resistant agent selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, cellulose stearate, calcium palmitate and cellulose palmitate to the pulp aqueous slurry to form a slurry mixture; (d) refining the slurry mixture at a consistency of about 4% to a desired drainage; (e) diluting the refined slurry mixture and adding thereto an aggregating agent as alum to form a furnish; (f) forming the furnish to obtain a dry moldable soft paper board; (g) preheating the moldable paper board obtained in step (f) at a temperature from 110.degree. to 170.degree. C.

Abstract: Described are molded bodies comprising bond material based on cellulose acetate as a bonding agent and reinforcing natural cellulose fibers or natural cellulose-containing fibers. These components are characterized by the fact that the cellulose acetate has a degree of substitution (DS) of approximately 1.2 to 2.7 and the molded bodies have a Vicat temperature of at least approximately 160.degree. C. and the ratio of the weight of cellulose acetate to the natural cellulose fibers or natural cellulose-containing fibers is approximately 10:90-90:10. These molded bodies are produced by mixing cellulose acetate with the natural cellulose fibers or the natural cellulose-containing fibers in a ratio by weight of approximately 90:10-10:90, in particular 15:85-85:15, in the total moisture content is adjusted to at least approximately 3% by weight, with respect to the total amount of the cellulose acetate in the mixture, and this mixture is molded at a temperature of approximately 220.degree. to 280.degree. C.

Abstract: Stressed-skin panels are provided having internal open-cell grids molded from material such as fibers, and methods and apparatus for the production thereof are disclosed. The invention utilizes a porous screen having a plurality of elastomeric pads spaced apart thereon. Fiber dispersed in fluid is introduced into the apparatus and over and around the pads. Pressure exerted thereon expels fluid through the screen and consolidates the fibers to form a panel. The pads are designed and constructed in a manner so as to consolidate the fiber mat located below the pads compressed by the pressure, so that the finished panel includes an integrally-molded flange. The height, shape and/or spacing of the pads in the present invention advantageously provide improved mold release and greater resistance to compression set after repeated use. The pads provide greater consistency and improved quality in the flange formation on the panels.

Abstract: An inorganic board consisting of a cured base mat and a cured surface mat is manufactured by forming a surface mat by the dry method on a base mat formed by a paper making method, embossing the composite mat, and curing the embossed composite mat. Ridges each having an enlarged top are formed on the surface of the base mat when a plural number of single mats formed by the paper making method are rolled and laminated around a making roll having a surface on which a plural number of ring grooves are formed. The ridges of the base mat engage the surface mat since each ridge has an enlarged top to improve the interlaminate strength between a cured base mat and a cured surface mat of the resulting inorganic board.

Abstract: The specification discloses an unorthodox system for manufacturing strong, light-weight and weather-resistant cellulosic composite materials from discarded paper and newsprint, and papermill sludge--and from an unlimited variety of particulated fibrous lignocellulosics--without the use of an extrinsic adhesive. Both the matrix-forming resin and the fiber-substrate, which comprise the entire composite, are spontaneously created in situ at ambient conditions by the ammoniation of a mixture of a protein-containing material and a particulated cellulosic. Heating an article shaped from such a mixture to above 175.degree. C. polymerizes the resin and bonds the fiber-substrate into a cellulosic composite product. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing reinforced and laminated composites as well as a composition which simplifies the production of both cellulosic composites and all-biomass thermosetting resins.

Abstract: A method is used for making disposable trays and bowls with organic materials or herbaceous plants that can be easily disintegrated and that has low economical value. The organic materials include straws, bagasses or forage grasses etc., which are cheap and can be easily obtained. The manufacturing costs of the trays and bowls are thus competitive in price and suitable for producing disposable trays and bowls for containing food. No waste water and gas will be produced such that the method meets the requirement of environmental protection.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a molded paper pulp article from a fiber slurry involves the vacuum deposition of a layer of wet paper pulp onto a forming mold, the separation of the wet layer of paper pulp from the forming mold and the pressing and shaping of the layer of wet paper pulp at a solids content of from about 5 to 20 percent solids. A finished product molded paper article is prepared having improved surface appearance and detailing and improved mechanical and physical properties.

Abstract: Preformed cellulosic linerboard as utilized in the manufacture of corrugated products is provided with enhanced crush strength by a combined lignin-coating and calendering treatment. The linerboard is coated with an aqueous lignin-containing solution and then, with the coating in a wet or dry state, subjected to at least one pass through a calender nip to substantially increase the CD crush strength of the treated linerboard over the CD crush strength of an untreated linerboard or a lignin treated but uncalendered linerboard. The linerboard may be laminated with a substantially air and moisture impervious sheet to inhibit bleeding of the lignin coating in high humidity conditions.

Abstract: Uniformly embossed facial tissue having a continuous or closely-spaced discontinuous embossing pattern and having from about 1 to about 40 distinct individual unembossed areas per square inch of tissue is considered to be a consumer-preferred facial tissue. In addition, the embossing intensity (as determined by the Shadow Index defined herein) is preferably within the range of from about 3 to about 25.

Abstract: Method and apparatus to form grids of open cells from fibers, especially wood fibers and fibers from waste paper and mixed waste materials. The invention utilizes a screen carrying a plurality of elastomeric pads of predetermined sizes arranged thereon in predetermined spaced relation to each other. The fiber is deposited between the pads but not above the pads. The deposited fibers and the pads are compressed normal to the screen, which causes the fiber in the spaces between the pads to be consolidated both normal and parallel to the screen, resulting in a open grid having cells of the shape of the pads. Numerous variations are provided including several continuous production embodiments. The invention uses state of the art technology for virtually all aspects.

Abstract: Elastic, heat-insulating shapes of ceramic, refractory or fireproof fibers and, where needed, further refractory or fireproof substances, and temporary or inorganic binders, as well as a process for the preparation thereof. The heat-insulating shapes are characterized by the fact that they contain 5 to 40 weight % of fibrids comprised of organic polymers, as a result of which they have elastic properties and can be formed with ease at moderate temperatures. In preparing these shapes, a customary aqueous dispersion containing the fibers and binder is mixed with the fibrids of the organic polymer, and water is removed therefrom and the shapes are otherwise produced in a known manner.

Abstract: An apparatus for texturing the surface of wet cast plastic acoustical composition during manufacture of acoustical tiles by use of spinning air rolls. In the apparatus, at least one hollow cylindrical roll that is perforated in a random manner is suspended over the surface of wet cast plastic acoustical composition, the roll being driven by a motor. The interior of the roll is preferably provided with a perforated air tube or pipeline, from which issues uniform air pressurization of the spinning roll vessel. By providing differential speed of the roll in contrast to the line speed of the wet plastic composition and different air pressurization of the roll, a wide variety of textures may be produced on the surface of the wet plastic acoustical composition.

Abstract: A carbonaceous cylindrical body including a composite body of a carbonized material of a thin paper-like supporting body having a strength ratio of lengthwise direction to widthwise direction of 2 to 10 and obtained by manufacturing a paper-like body so that its carbonizable fibers are oriented and a carbonaceous matrix having an optically isotropic structure under a polarizing microscope and which shows a carbon content of at least 85% by weight, an oxygen gas permeation coefficient of 10.sup.-2 to 10.sup.-7 cm.sup.2 /sec. under a partial pressure of oxygen of 1 atmosphere and a bulk density of from 1.4 to 1.9 g/cm.sup.3. A process for producing the carbonaceous cylindrical body is also provided.

Abstract: A relatively inexpensive mat is provided which through the application of heat and pressure readily can be densified to form rigid shaped articles. The mat is substantially free of a binder (e.g., a latex binder) and consists essentially of a substantially random array of (a) relatively coarse cellulosic fibers, (b) thermoplastic synthetic polymer fibrils, (c) non-fibrous thermoplastic synthetic polymer particles, and (d) substantially void-free substantially water-insoluble particulate inorganic material (e.g., talc) in the specified quantities. The mat preferably is formed by wet-laying from an aqueous dispersion wherein the (c) and (d) components are dispersed among and physically retained by the (a) and (b) components. A plurality of the mats while stacked may be subjected to heat and pressure to accomplish densification and thermal bonding within and between adjoining sheets to form a laminate.

Abstract: A process of forming a gasket with a minimal production of waste material is disclosed. A suitable fiber is mixed with a binder in water to form a fiber-binder aqueous mixture. The mixture is then deposited on a screen in a predetermined pattern to form a gasket preform with apertures in predetermined locations therein. The gasket preform is subsequently dewatered and cured. The gasket preform can be provided with differential thicknesses and preformed inserts to impart, respectively, selective control of the sealing capability of and reinforcement to the resulting gasket.

Abstract: Panels of composite wood material are formed in a wet process which includes depositing a layer of wet composite wood material in a mat on a press wire screen mesh and moving the screen mesh to carry the mat into a pressing position between a pair of spaced apart pressure plates having generally matching, contoured facing surfaces for shaping the outer face and a smoothly contoured back face of the panel. The back face of the panel is not flat and generally follows or matches the shape or contour of the outer face so that regions of high fiber stress and dense, brittle areas of high fiber compression are generally eliminated. The resulting finished panels having excellent machining qualities, more uniform surface coating absorption characteristics, more uniform thickness and less rapid moisture absorption properties, along with a lower tendency to check, crack or split.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing three-dimensional structural members having one flat side from wood fibers utilizing flow deposition of the fibers onto a support. The support includes resilient deformable mold inserts. The mold inserts are formed of silicone rubber and may be blocks of the material, or may be a membrane which can be inflated to form the mold inserts. Pressing is done with a force normal to the support, and the mold inserts create response forces at varying directions to thus shape and hold the three-dimensional finished part. Heat drying also may be used.

Abstract: A method for producing a fibrous board having a decorative, textured surface comprising the steps of:(a) forming a wet mat of entangled mineral fibers;(b) pressure molding said fibrous mat while it is still wet to create a decorative textured surface thereon; and(c) drying said board.

Abstract: A diaphragm for a speaker obtained by forming a diaphragm base by screen processing a mixture of carbon fiber, pulp and polyvinyl alcohol fiber as a binder in a manner similar to that employed for making paper, depositing a thermosetting resin on the diaphragm base by impregnation or coating, and subjecting the diaphragm base, on which the thermosetting resin has been deposited, to electroless plating to deposit a metal film in the interstices between fibers and on the entire fiber surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hardboard with a smooth, highly-consolidated, dense surface and a method for making it. The method of this invention greatly reduces the need for surface sanding after molding because release from the molding caul is improved and results in a product having a surface more free of defects. According to a preferred embodiment, a dry mat of wood particles is sprayed with from 8 to 30 grams per square foot of a surface coating of a consolidating agent comprising from 50 to 95% water, from 4 to 25% ethylene glycol and from 1 to 25% polyvinyl acetate, prior to pressing at elevated temperature. These percentages are based on the weight of the consolidating agent. The preferred products will have at least one highly-consolidated, smooth surface layer which comprises from 0.5 to 4 grams of polyhydric alcohol and from 0.5 to 4 grams of polyvinyl acetate per square foot of surface.

Abstract: Method of eliminating warpage of molded fiber trays during free drying by pressing the back side of the preform where ribs cross with a dimpling projection on a rubber insert in a pressure head on a molding machine.