Abstract: A method to control the opacity of sheet formed of nonwoven material involves providing a computer with a steam pressure measurement from each of two steam heated palmer bonders. One pressure sensor from the first bonder drum and one from the second bonder drum provide signals used to control steam pressure and thus temperature of each bonder drum's surface. A signal indicating temperature of the surface of each drum and a measurement of speed are also collected by the computer/controller. The fundamental control signal is provided to the computer from an opacity sensor device which is compared to an opacity aim and then steam pressure to the bonder drum is adjusted to minimize any error signal between opacity aim measured opacity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for making fiber reinforced plastic preforms via a wet slurry process. A screen with the desired preform configuration is placed in the bottom of a tank. The tank is then filled with water and chopped fibers to create a slurry. The screen is raised up through the slurry causing fibers to be deposited on the screen in the shape of the preform. The preform is then removed from the screen, placed in a mold and injected with resin to form the desired structure.

Abstract: A composition comprising epoxidized polyamide wet strength resin and lecithin. The composition provides wet strength to paper and molded pulp products and at the same time increases the internal bonding of the paper or molded pulp products.

Abstract: Elastic, heat-insulating shapes of ceramic, refractory or fireproof fibers and, where needed, further refractory or fireproof substances, and temporary or inorganic binders, as well as a process for the preparation thereof. The heat-insulating shapes are characterized by the fact that they contain 5 to 40 weight % of fibrids comprised of organic polymers, as a result of which they have elastic properties and can be formed with ease at moderate temperatures. In preparing these shapes, a customary aqueous dispersion containing the fibers and binder is mixed with the fibrids of the organic polymer, and water is removed therefrom and the shapes are otherwise produced in a known manner.

Abstract: Economical manufacturing of wood powder-molded products becomes possible with the introduction of wood pulp as the binding agent to be used in combination with water. The molded products feature not only high moisture absorbing capability and a unique natural touch of hybrid between wood and paper, but easy and convenient disposability after use. The product can be molded into any shape, but the method would be more suitable for manufacturing small-size pellet products form the practical standpoint to perform drying (dehydration) process. This invention enables to utilize wood powder resources including sawdust, which is currently disposed of in a huge amount as the industrial waste, all over the world.

Abstract: A carbonaceous cylindrical body including a composite body of a carbonized material of a thin paper-like supporting body having a strength ratio of lengthwise direction to widthwise direction of 2 to 10 and obtained by manufacturing a paper-like body so that its carbonizable fibers are oriented and a carbonaceous matrix having an optically isotropic structure under a polarizing microscope and which shows a carbon content of at least 85% by weight, an oxygen gas permeation coefficient of 10.sup.-2 to 10.sup.-7 cm.sup.2 /sec. under a partial pressure of oxygen of 1 atmosphere and a bulk density of from 1.4 to 1.9 g/cm.sup.3. A process for producing the carbonaceous cylindrical body is also provided.

Abstract: A relatively inexpensive mat is provided which through the application of heat and pressure readily can be densified to form rigid shaped articles. The mat is substantially free of a binder (e.g., a latex binder) and consists essentially of a substantially random array of (a) relatively coarse cellulosic fibers, (b) thermoplastic synthetic polymer fibrils, (c) non-fibrous thermoplastic synthetic polymer particles, and (d) substantially void-free substantially water-insoluble particulate inorganic material (e.g., talc) in the specified quantities. The mat preferably is formed by wet-laying from an aqueous dispersion wherein the (c) and (d) components are dispersed among and physically retained by the (a) and (b) components. A plurality of the mats while stacked may be subjected to heat and pressure to accomplish densification and thermal bonding within and between adjoining sheets to form a laminate.

Abstract: A process of forming a gasket with a minimal production of waste material is disclosed. A suitable fiber is mixed with a binder in water to form a fiber-binder aqueous mixture. The mixture is then deposited on a screen in a predetermined pattern to form a gasket preform with apertures in predetermined locations therein. The gasket preform is subsequently dewatered and cured. The gasket preform can be provided with differential thicknesses and preformed inserts to impart, respectively, selective control of the sealing capability of and reinforcement to the resulting gasket.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a highly pure, partially stabilized, fibrous zirconia composite for use as thermal insulation in environments where temperatures up to about 2000.degree. C. are utilized. The composite of the present invention is fabricated into any suitable configuration such as a cone, cylinder, dome or the like by vacuum molding an aqueous slurry of partially stabilized zirconia fibers into a desired configuration on a suitably shaped mandrel. The molded fibers are infiltrated with zirconyl nitrate and the resulting structure is then dried to form a rigid structure which may be removed and placed in a furnace. The structure is then heated in air to a temperature of about 600.degree. C. for driving off the nitrate from the structure and for oxidizing the zirconyl ion to zirconia. Thereafter, the structure is heated to about 950.degree. to 1,250.degree. C. to fuse the zirconia fibers at their nexi in a matrix of zirconia.

Abstract: Panels of composite wood material are formed in a wet process which includes depositing a layer of wet composite wood material in a mat on a press wire screen mesh and moving the screen mesh to carry the mat into a pressing position between a pair of spaced apart pressure plates having generally matching, contoured facing surfaces for shaping the outer face and a smoothly contoured back face of the panel. The back face of the panel is not flat and generally follows or matches the shape or contour of the outer face so that regions of high fiber stress and dense, brittle areas of high fiber compression are generally eliminated. The resulting finished panels having excellent machining qualities, more uniform surface coating absorption characteristics, more uniform thickness and less rapid moisture absorption properties, along with a lower tendency to check, crack or split.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a material in sheet form, used in a process of moulding-stamping or heat-forming involving melting of the thermoplastics resin contained in said material, said material in sheet form being prepared by the papermaking technique and comprising from 20 to 95% of reinforcing fibres and from 80 to 5% of thermoplastics resin in powder form forming the basic mixture and, with respect to this mixture, from 5 to 25% of a polyolefin pulp, from 5 to 30% of a binding agent and from 0.2 to 10% of at least one flocculating agent. The invention also relates to the process for preparing said material in sheet form.

Abstract: An absorbent material comprising hydrocolloidal fibers provided in board form having substantial structural integrity both in the dry state and after being wetted with body fluids. The board comprising hydrocolloidal fibers is subjected to a heat treatment step whereby the board is heated, in a dry state to impart such stability.

Abstract: Heat resistant ovenable paperboard containers are formed from wet sheets consisting essentially of cellulose fibers and containing 50 to 100 weight percent water based on the dry weight of the fibers by hot pressing in a mold at 200.degree. to 400.degree. F. Heat resistant synthetic fibers may be incorporated in wood pulp to produce the wet sheet and impart improved burst strength to the finished product.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fibrous, nonwoven, flow filter tube and the filter tube so prepared, which method comprises forming a filter tube from an aqueous slurry containing an admixture of both low-melting-point binder and high-melting-point filter fibers, and, thereafter, heating the filter tube to a temperature greater than the temperature of the low-melting-point fibers and less than the temperature of the high-melting-point fibers, to effect melting of the low-melting-point fibers, the molten material of the low-melting point fibers forming at the crossover points of the high-melting-point fibers to act as a bonding agent, thereby preparing a nonwoven, self-supporting, fibrous filter tube composed of the filter fibers.

Abstract: An inexpensive, disposable, three-dimensionally contoured container, suitable for many purposes including holding food during exposure to high temperatures for long times in either a microwave or a conventional oven without any detrimental effect to the container or the food. The container consists of an essentially impervious liner of polyethylene terephthalate directly bonded by its own substance to a pre-formed contoured base obtained by molding to final shape nonbrowning substantially 100% bleached kraft wood pulp from an aqueous slurry thereof against an open-face suction mold, and drying the same under pressure imposed by a mating pair of heated dies. The liner is formed by bonding to the pulp base a 0.5-2.0 mil thick film of thermoformable, substantially amorphous, substantially unoriented polyethylene terephthalate having a molecular weight which is understood to be in excess of 15,000.

Abstract: A diaphragm for a speaker obtained by forming a diaphragm base by screen processing a mixture of carbon fiber, pulp and polyvinyl alcohol fiber as a binder in a manner similar to that employed for making paper, depositing a thermosetting resin on the diaphragm base by impregnation or coating, and subjecting the diaphragm base, on which the thermosetting resin has been deposited, to electroless plating to deposit a metal film in the interstices between fibers and on the entire fiber surface.

Abstract: A method of producing water-absorbent cloth-like articles is disclosed. A binderless cellulosic nonwoven fabric is placed in a mold and compressed under a pressure of 1100 to 1500 kg/cm.sup.2, preferably 1200 to 1300 kg/cm.sup.2. The molding so produced will recover to original form when water is added to it.

Abstract: Method of eliminating warpage of molded fiber trays during free drying by pressing the back side of the preform where ribs cross with a dimpling projection on a rubber insert in a pressure head on a molding machine.

Abstract: An improved method of pulp or pressure molding a multilayer container is disclosed wherein the inner layer consists of fused water dispersible polyolefin fibers whereas the outer layer consists of a mixture of cellulosic fibers bonded together by fused water dispersible polyolefin fibers. The containers are useful because the polyolefin layer is resistant to the passage of liquid such as lubricating oils and semi-solids such as greases while the mixed layer of cellulosic fibers and the polyolefin fiber supplies sufficient strength to permit the stacking of the containers when filled.

Abstract: The specification discloses a novel composite coalescing filter tube and the method of making the same. In contrast to previous coalescing filters, which had layers of filter material sandwiched between relatively rigid support members, the present invention provides for a completely unitary coalescing filter tube wherein the various layers of the filter are successively vacuum formed one over the other on a forming fixture which is submerged in an appropriate glass fiber slurry mix, with the various layers being air dried, epoxy dipped, and cured as needed for the particular application. Since, during the vacuum forming process, glass fibers from one layer will interlock with glass fibers from the previously formed layer, a completely unitary coalescing filter tube is formed, preventing the problems of filter layer separation, channeling, pressure collapse and vibration damage which have occurred in past coalescing filters.

Abstract: A filter tube, which filter tube comprises a mass of interrelated nonwoven glass fibers, the fibers having a diameter of from about 0.001 to about 10 microns, the fibers bonded at the junctions of the fiber crossovers with a hardened silicone resin bonding agent, the fibers interrelated to form a semirigid mass of desired porosity suitable for use as a filter for gases or liquids.