Abstract: An apparatus and a method for determining the permeability of a circulating band, in particular a water-absorbing dewatering band in a papermaking machine. The apparatus is equipped with a nozzle from which a measuring fluid flows onto or through the band. Fluctuations in the flow of the measuring fluid and in the nozzle exit pressure can distort the measurement of the permeability. The apparatus has a device for determining the speed of the band and/or a device for determining the nozzle exit speed and the nozzle exit pressure of the measuring fluid. These three measured variables are measured simultaneously, so that a fluctuation in one of these measured variables cannot impair the accuracy of the permeability measurement.

Abstract: A method for controlling the moisture profile of a paper web or board web processed in a heated multi-roll calendar to optimize the qualities of the paper or board, especially gloss. The method is characterized in that the moisture measurement is carried out both on either surface of the web and as a through-measurement, and the measurement results thus obtained are specified by a thermodynamic model which calculates the moisture of the web in three layers, and that the results thus obtained are used for controlling the supply of moisture to the web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented for determining the quantity of liquid and solid content in a removal stream of a froth created from a suspension that is generated during a froth flotation operation. Specifically, electrodes are immersed in the froth generated from a suspension having a known quantity of fiber particles, and the conductance of the froth is measured to establish a relationship between the measured conductance and the quantity of fiber particles. The electrodes are then submerged in a froth generated from a suspension having an unknown quantity of fiber particles, and the froth conductance is measured. The quantity of fiber particles in the froth can then be determined from the pre-established relationship between conductance and solid particle content.

Abstract: A method for threading a running paper web from a preceding section to a following section of a paper-making or paper-finishing machine, includes the steps of: providing a threading tail of the running paper web by cutting it from the running paper web at least one of its edges; providing at least one sensing element for gaining data from at least one property of the threading tail and/or threading process; transferring the gained data into a data collecting system and/or into an analysis system; and using the data for influencing the at least one property of the threading tail and/or the threading process.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for detecting a tear in a fibrous web (3) in a drying section (2) of a machine (1) for producing the fibrous web (3), whereby the fibrous web (3) is passed through the drying section (2) by way of at least one dryer fabric (5). The tear is detected by at least one web tear detection device (8) and a cut-off apparatus (9) for the fibrous web (3) is activated by the web tear detection device (8). Use is made of a dryer fabric (5) with at least one characteristic color pattern (10) which is reliably detected by the web tear detection device (8) in the event of a tear in the fibrous web (3). In addition the present invention relates to a dryer fabric (5) for a drying section (2) of a machine (1) for producing a fibrous web (3).

Abstract: An arrangement in the on-line finishing of a paper machine, which includes at least one finishing stage (12, 13) for the paper web produced, has cutting equipment (16) for forming the tail as well as tail threading equipment (15) for carrying the tail through the finishing stage (12, 13). At the end of the finishing stage (12, 13) there is a draw point (24), through which a carrier rope system (17) included in the tail threading equipment (15) is adapted to pass. The draw point (24) is formed between one cylinder (28) and a wire (29) arranged in contact with it for forming a single-contact draw point.

Abstract: A procedure and arrangement to control the lamella of a headbox's lip channel, when the mass flow goes in the headbox (3) through the lip channel (2), in which case single mass flows are held separate from each other with the lamella (1) before the flows are united after the lamella. The lamella's dimensions, mechanical characteristics and/or dynamic characteristics are changed at least in the lamella's border area with an active structure, which is active and/or passive active tool and/or active and/or passive active material.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a reflectance property indication of a sample which includes making a reflectance measurement of the sample and correcting the reflectance measurement in order to obtain the reflectance property indication. The reflectance measurement represents an observed reflectance of the sample, the reflectance property indication represents a standardized reflectance of the sample, and correcting the reflectance measurement accounts for a difference between the standardized reflectance and the observed reflectance. An apparatus for making a reflectance measurement of a sample which includes a housing defining a viewing port, a temperature control mechanism for controlling the temperature within the interior of the housing, and an optical reflectometer contained within the interior of the housing. The reflectometer has a measurement direction and is movable within the housing so that the measurement direction can be selectively aligned with the viewing port.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling at least one quality feature of a running material web, in particular a fibrous web, during its production, including a measurement system, an electronic control and/or an evaluation unit. The measurement system measures the quality feature on a running material web repeatedly over the entire width of the material web. The electronic control and/or evaluation unit determines the variability of the quality feature through a variance component analysis, which is conducted on the basis of the profile measure values of a measured value set including several consecutive CD profiles in the machine direction, the set having been recorded during a selectable previous time window. The result of this variance component analysis is also drawn on to control the quality feature.

Abstract: A method in the measurement of the flatness of the flow surface of a headbox of a paper machine is disclosed. The flatness is determined by placing a measuring tool on the flat surface formed by the flow surface and measuring the position of the measuring tool at each point. A measuring sensor is arranged in the measuring tool, in order to determine the distance between the measuring tool and the flat surface. In addition, the dimensions provided by the measuring sensors are read and the position of the measuring tool and the dimensions from the measuring sensors are combined, in order to determine the values of the measured points. The invention also relates to equipment in the measurement of the flatness of the flow surface of the headbox of a paper machine.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a headbox for a paper machine in which correction of the fiber orientation of paper is possible over the entire width of the C/D direction, regardless of the slice width, and in which the fiber orientation in the direction of paper thickness can be corrected over the entire thickness of the paper.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of preventing contamination of a canvas of a paper machine, whereby antifouling effect on the canvas can always be maintained and precise drying efficiency is ensured. With the method of preventing contamination of the canvas for pressing a paper strip against the surface of drum-dryers used for drying the paper strip in a paper machine, a predetermined amount of a surface treatment agent P is continuously supplied to the surface of the canvases C2, C3, facing the paper strip, in a stage of operation prior to the paper strip being pressed into contact with the canvases C2, C3 as well as the drum-dryers C1, while the paper strip is being fed by operation of the paper machine.

Abstract: An image-based measurement technique that directly measures the crepe pattern on a moving sheet employs a suitable arrangement of illumination, optical elements, and an imaging device to obtain digital images of the sheet surface. The image resolution is sufficient to represent tissue crepe folds at the scale of the crepe. A spectral analysis of some or of all the images reveals the crepe folding pitch. Further analysis of the image optionally reveals other crepe structural parameters, such as the distribution of crepe fold orientation angles and distribution of linear fold lengths. Corrective actions can be implemented in response to changes in the crepe structure. The pitch of creping is the primary parameter for describing the crepe pattern; in addition, analyzing the images with a gradient operator can yield information regarding the orientation of the crepe folds and distribution of angles of the crepe furrows on the hood side or equivalently of the crepe seams on the cylinder side.

Abstract: In order to observe the dry line formed on the surface of wood fibre pulp on the moving wire in a Fourdrinier paper machine, its—atrea of appearance is scanned at a low angle with a thin beam cluster (A1, B1) which, being generated by a laser radiation source (20) and representing one or more discrete wavelengths, is distinguishable from the background light. Hereby the surface following the dry line (I) reflects diffusively a major part and specularly a minor part of the arriving radiation than the surface preceding it. A detector (30) located above the level of the wire observes the intensity of the diffusely reflected radiation (A3, B3) hitting it and delivers continuously, as the beam cluster scans the pulp surface, a signal which is proportional to said intensity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of monitoring a liquid fluid mixture and a system carrying out the method. The invention also relates to the use of the system for monitoring liquid fluid mixtures.

Abstract: A web making machine is monitored to identify at least one cross-machine direction (CD) actuator that is developing local mapping problems. The identified CD actuator and a segment of surrounding actuators are probed to determine a performance curve for the actuator. The center of an insensitivity region of the performance curve is selected as an optimal mapping alignment setting for the identified actuator with the setting for the actuator being updated. Global smoothing may also be accomplished by probing a global smoothness factor to generate a corresponding performance curve that is then similarly used to select an optimal value for the smoothness factor.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for monitoring the condition of a rotating belt in a paper or cardboard machine. The process includes recording data related to a condition of the belt, and creating an at least two-dimensional image of the belt condition from the recorded condition data. The image depicts a condition characteristic in a machine travel direction and a condition characteristic in a machine crosswise direction. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: The temperature of the ceramic elements of a supporting or wiping strip that is assigned to a wire or a felt in a paper production facility, is controlled by guiding a cooling carrier medium or a heating carrier medium through the supporting or wiping strip. For that purpose, the supporting or wiping strip is formed with at least one channel, through which the carrier medium for heat or for cold is pumped.

Abstract: Adjusting the operation of a wire section, in which the development of the consistency of stock on the wire section (2) is determined and the effect of the consistency determined above on the formation and/or porosity of a paper web (3) is determined. The consistency developed on the wire section is adjusted based on a quality property of paper and/or by optimising a cost function, the quality property of paper comprising the formation and/or the porosity and/or a combination defined by means of the formation and/or the porosity and the cost function including the effect of at least the formation and/or the porosity.

Abstract: The invention concerns a textile product (6) for use in a paper machine, having a monofilament or a profiled structure as support element (1) on which is arranged a layered sensor for measuring pressure and/or temperature, and is characterized in that the sensor is constituted from at least three layers (2, 3, 4), the second layer (3) having piezoelectric properties and the layers (2, 4) in contact against the second layer (3) forming electrodes that are couplable or coupled to an analysis device. The invention further concerns a method for producing such a textile product.

Abstract: The operation of a doctor assembly (16) in a paper machine is monitored. In case of a malfunction, the paper machine's (10) control devices (14-14?, 15) are used to carry out the necessary measures for eliminating the malfunction and carrying out repair and/or protective measures. In addition, detector devices (20) are arranged in connection with the doctor assembly (16), to detect a malfunction. The detector devices (20) are connected to the control devices (14, 14?, 15) of the paper machine (10), in order to carry out the said measures automatically. The invention also relates to doctor assemblies in a paper machine for implementing the method.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for producing or treating a fibrous web, in particular a paper web or paperboard web, with which at least one property of the fibrous web, in particular a CD (cross direction) profile, such as the moisture CD profile, is established such that a preselected quality range is adhered to or a predefined quality value is undershot by no more than a predefined deviation, wherein the power consumption of the method, in particular the heat energy input, is reduced therewith by establishing at least one property such that the lowest permissible value of the quality range or the maximum permissible deviation is reached at least approximately on a straight line.

Abstract: Disclosed is a machine direction measurement system having an increased cross direction sampling area (significantly larger than the natural sensor measurement window) to generate a more representative and stable machine direction reading of the process. In effect, the sensor should have as wide a coverage area as possible without having to resort to the expense of measuring the entire width of the sheet.

Abstract: A system for controlling a processor having at least one sampling port connected to a stage of the processor in order to sample a reactant product from the processor. The system includes a controller configured to control a processing parameter of the processor based on measurements of at least one property of the reactant product such that changes to the processing parameter maintain a target value for the at least one property of the reactant product. The system further includes a dead time compensator. The dead time compensator is configured, based upon a prescribed dead time related to a time before at least one effect of at least one change to the processing parameter is fully realized, to evaluate the reactant product to determine if the effect has been realized at a plurality of sequential times offset from the dead time.

Abstract: A method of controlling the production of filler-containing paper. Filler and retention agent are delivered to a paper manufacturing system in a process of paper manufacture. The amount of filler in the paper is measured, as is also the filler concentration or the total concentration in the white water or the stock. Filler is delivered such that the system will be buffered with filler to a generally pre-determined concentration level. The continual addition of retention agent is based exclusively on the amount of filler in the paper measured at that moment in time. When the measured amount of filler present is lower than a desired level, the addition is increased. When the measured amount of filler present is higher than a desired level, the addition is reduced. The continual addition of filler is based, exclusively on the concentration level of filler measured in the white water or the stock.

Abstract: In a doctor blade, which suppresses abrasion of a mating member and excels in water removal capability and shape retention capacity over a long time, resin is impregnated into a fibrous laminate composed of base materials and batt layers integrated by needle punching, and an adjustment is made so that the void content is between 50% and 80%.

Abstract: An image-based technique that measures the orientation of fibers in a moving web of nonwoven material. At least four light spots on one side of the web are illuminated essentially simultaneously with at least four plane-polarized incident substantially perpendicular light beams having different polarization characteristics. Dispersion of the excident light spots is measured on the opposite side of the web along at least one linear section which is at a known angle relative to the plane of polarization of the corresponding plane-polarized incident light beam, wherein at least one such linear section lies substantially across the center of the transmitted excident light spot and extends substantially across the width of the transmitted excident light spot. Variations in the dispersion of the transmitted excident light spot for the at least four plane-polarized light beams are calculated, and the fiber orientation is estimated from the variations.

Abstract: A system for maintaining calender rolls of a paper machine clean when producing high-gloss paper or coated paper, such as LWC or MWC. To prevent a coating agent, such as coating dye, from adhering onto and soiling a smooth surface of a calender roll, with an overheating phenomenon, the system has a second measurement station (10) provided with measuring and indicator means for producing an output indicating soiledness of the web (W) or a humidity profile. When the output of the second measurement station (10) indicates excessive soiledness or an uneven humidity profile, the system performs at least one of: cleaning the surface of the smooth-surfaced calender roll; changing the nip load in the calender (5); making a correction adjustment of the CD-directional humidity profile of the web (W); cutting the web (W) and conducting it into the pulper; and/or changing the running speed of the web (W).

Abstract: A suction roll assembly includes a suction roll having a perforated shell, and a suction box positioned within the suction roll. The suction box includes a holder, a seal strip adjacent the shell and carried by the holder, at least one target carried by the seal strip, and at least one sensor positioned in association with at least one target. Each sensor provides an output signal indicative of a position of at least one corresponding target.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the on-line determination of paper web moisture content and/or temperature on the dryer section of a papermaking machine. The apparatus is designed to form, in combination with a doctor means and/or a packet ventilating tube, such a compact structure wherein the apparatus operates underneath such means or in a close proximity thereto. The invention also relates to a method for control of paper web moisture content and temperature on the basis of measurements performed on the dryer section of a papermaking machine.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus is provided which can ensure the prevention of a paper break even in a poor installation environment. A light source (9) illuminates light (9a) on a lateral edge (1a) of wet paper (1) and a camera (5) captures light (9b) reflected therefrom. The camera (5) is a micro camera and completely covered by a camera box (10). The camera box (10) has an observation window (10a) which is made of a transparent member, at the lens side (5a) of the camera (5). The outer surface of the observation window (10a) is coated and an air curtain (12a) that flows from above to below prevents staining caused by mist. The air curtain (12a) is formed in such a manner that air that is continuously supplied inside a cover (11) flows along the outer surface of the observation window (10a) from an opening portion (11a).

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for identifying mapping of a paper machine by means of a mapping test. The invention comprises forming a mapping model which takes the linear and non-linear shrinkage of a paper web into account. The mapping test result is analyzed to form a non-linear shrinkage profile and a linear mapping error from it. The linear error and the non-linear shrinkage profile thus obtained are used in the mapping model.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for conditioning a moving porous web on a papermaking machine is disclosed. The web has a first and a second surface and a high temperature gaseous boundary layer adjacent at least the second surface.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for monitoring dewatering in a wet end section of a web production machine. The process includes measuring water flowing into the wet end section, measuring water flowing out of the wet end section, measuring conductivity of the wet web entering the wet end section, measuring conductivity of the water flowing into wet end section, measuring conductivity of water flowing out of the wet end section, and determining a water balance from the measured quantities, which is indicative of dewatering in the wet end. The apparatus is arranged to perform the process.

Abstract: A doctor unit in a paper machine includes a blade carrier having a blade holder fitted to the blade carrier. A doctor blade is mountable in the blade holder to doctor a roll or similar moving surface. The blade holder and/or doctor blade include one or more sensors installed inside the construction or on its surface. The sensors are arranged to measure the wear of and/or stress in the blade holder and/or doctor blade.

Abstract: A system and process for measuring paper formation characteristics in real time is disclosed. The system comprises apparatus used in a papermaking process, and includes a rotating forming fabric having an upper and lower surface. A paper slurry is deposited upon the upper surface of the moving forming fabric to prepare a wet paper web. The wet paper web typically moves at a high rate of speed as it rides along upon the surface of the forming fabric. Light is transmitted from a light source to the surface of the wet paper web, and then reflected from the surface of the wet paper web to a camera. An image is formed corresponding to the pattern of the reflected light, and in some instances data generated from the reflected light may be compared to other values to provide a feedback loop to adjust the parameters of the papermaking process in real time.

Abstract: A variable representing runnability of a paper web to be manufactured with a paper machine or processed with a finishing apparatus is measured and the speed difference between operational groups of the paper machine and/or the finishing apparatus is adjusted on the basis of the measurement of said variable such that the moisture profile of the paper web is measured substantially along the entire width of the paper web, the minimum and maximum values for moisture are defined on the basis of the moisture profile, a drawing window describing the allowable tension to be directed to the paper web is defined, the lower and upper limits of the drawing window being defined on the basis of the minimum and maximum values for moisture, and the speed difference between the operational groups is adjusted so that the paper web tension is within the range defined by the drawing window.

Abstract: Sheetmaking processes such as papermaking making systems employ water weight sensors underneath the moving water permeable wire that supports the wet stock (pulp slurry). A dynamically compensated calibration equation that equates the water weight plus fiber weight plus wire weight (total weight) to the resistance measured by the water weight sensor is developed for controlling the continuous process. Dynamic compensation accounts for changing papermaking machine conditions or states that affect the intrinsic conductivity of the wet stock being measured. The amount of correction to apply is determined by the conductance measured by a reference sensor.

Abstract: Process for cleaning at least one roll of a calender. The process includes guiding a web over a surface of the at least one roll of the calender to be cleaned, and producing a relative speed difference between the surface of the least one roll and a section of the web lying against the surface of the a least one roll. The instant abstract is neither intended to define the invention disclosed in this specification nor intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring properties of a moving paper web. The arrangement comprises measuring means for measuring paper properties, in connection with which a plane-like support surface is arranged. The plane-like support surface supports the paper web and extends substantially over the whole width of the paper web in the cross-direction relative to the direction of travel of the paper web. An opening arrangement formed by at least one opening is arranged on the support surface for measuring properties of the paper web.

Abstract: In a paper machine which comprises process elements and a measuring beam, the measuring beam is arranged at least at one paper machine process element so that a measuring device for measuring quality properties of a paper web is arrangeable in the measuring beam. The paper machine process element is e.g. a blow box, which is arrangeable in a dryer unit of the paper machine between drying cylinders to blow air via at least one blow air channel provided in the blow box to guide the moving paper web and/or to assist drying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an algorithm used in a method and apparatus for controlling a paper machine, in order to automatically tune parameters used to calculate the initial value of web moisture percentage at a dryer part inlet after grade change and parameters used to calculate the dry-bulb temperature of air within a hood. In the method and apparatus, a regression line correlating the ratio of a difference in bone dry basis weight before and after grade change with a difference between the predicted value and steady-state value of steam pressure is determined from a plurality of point-of-grade-change data items, and a first parameter is calculated from the slope of this regression line. With the method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to automatically determine the value of the first parameter using earlier point-of-grade-change data, which used to be determined empirically.

Abstract: Methods and systems for the treatment of pulp are provided. The methods include dewatering pulp to a fiber concentration of at least 20%, shredding the dewatered pulp in a closed pulp shredding vessel, transporting the shredded pulp without compression continuously out of the pulp shredding vessel through an outlet pipe which is kept completely filled with passing pulp, directly transporting the shredded pulp to a reaction vessel through a gas-tight conduit gas sealed from the surroundings and communicating with the outlet pipe and the reaction vessel, bleaching the shredded pulp in the reaction vessel with ozone gas, and regulating the gas pressure in the pulp shredding vessel and in the reaction vessel so that ozone gas is prevented from leaking upstream through the outlet pipe.

Abstract: In a method for the production and converting of paper, paper-specific information determined during paper production is transmitted to and considered during the respective converting process to thereby optimize at least one converting process.

Abstract: In laminated, resin-impregnated doctor blades for removing water from a grooved belt in the press part of a papermaking machine, fibers of the belt-contacting layer are oriented in the direction of travel of the belt. The doctor blade so constructed exhibits greater adhesion to the belt, an improved water-removal capability, and greater durability, when compared with a doctor blade having randomly oriented surface fibers.

Abstract: A doctor blade for removing water, which excels in water removal capability and shape retention capacity, and suppresses abrasion of the belt or other mating member with which it cooperates, is a fibrous laminate comprising integrated base material and batt fiber layers. By impregnating resin into one side of the fibrous laminate, a layer in which the amount of impregnated resin is large and a layer in which the amount of impregnated resin is small are provided. In use, the layer in which the amount of resin is small is in contact with a belt or other mating member. The doctor blades can be adapted to the mating member easily, and excel in the water removal capability and shape retention, and suppress abrasion of the mating member.

Abstract: A method of determining at least one property of moving clothing of a machine for producing and/or treating a material web, in particular a paper or board web, which includes the following steps: arranging a nozzle opposite the surface of the moving clothing; producing a jet acting on the clothing by way of the nozzle contacting the moving clothing; measuring a variable representative of the flow through the nozzle; measuring a variable representative of the pressure of the jet at the nozzle outlet; determining the speed of the jet at the nozzle outlet from the nozzle flow and the free surface of the jet medium at the point of contact with the clothing; and determining the speed of the jet at the entry into the clothing from the speed of the jet at the nozzle outlet and the speed of the clothing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for incorporating feature substances into a still moist but already sufficiently consolidated paper web provides for directing a feature substance suspension onto the surface of the paper web as a laminar jet with low jet pressure. A special pressure control circuit ensures that the jet pressure is always constant regardless of the number of parallel feature substance suspension jets directed onto the paper web. This makes it possible to incorporate a great variety of line codings in paper under the same process conditions without any visible changes in fiber structure occurring in the paper.

Abstract: A method and a device for measuring concentrations especially in a pulp suspension, from which a sample has been taken. The sample is collected in a measuring vessel, in which a piston is guided upwards and downwards in order to press the sample from each direction through a measuring sensor collected at the side of the measuring vessel via communicating tubes connected in an upper and a lower position to the measurement vessel, whereby the sample is stirred totally to eliminate flocculation in the same. Measurement of the concentration of the sample is made either during the upwards and downwards movement of the piston in the measuring vessel and first occurs when the speed of the sample through the measuring sensor is constant and the sample has been homogenized after at least some movement upwards and downwards of the piston.

Abstract: A method for the manufacture or treatment of a material web, in particular of a paper or a cardboard web, while using a respective machine, in particular a paper machine, including the step of measuring the hardness and/or the compactness of at least one clothing, in particular of at least one felt, fabric, belt and/or the like, of the machine.