Abstract: The multi-ply headbox has a number of, for example, three headbox elements comprising block-like infeed members containing mutually parallel distributor passages for the fiber stock suspension which open each into a nozzle chamber. Plate-like intermediate lip members or lips bound the nozzle chambers and are provided between the headbox elements. The plate-like intermediate lips are displaceably arranged between the infeed members. There are also provided outer lips or lip members which either can be structured as displaceable plates or may be constructed to be pivotable. One of the outlet slices can be altered without affecting the size of the other slices.

Abstract: Perforated sheet for a head box of a paper machine, the perforated sheet being provided with a number of parallel flow passages starting from a common front face. The perforated sheet is provided with a set of feeding ducts which can be connected to a source of flushing liquid and which is connected, by means of flushing ducts, to the front face of the perforated sheet. The perforated sheet preferably consists of several rod elements, each of which is provided with a flow passage and which have been assembled as parallel to each other, side by side and one above the other, into an integrated package.

Abstract: A paper stock diffuser system employing a plurality of spaced, generally V-shaped projections having adjoining shear surfaces diverging away from one another.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a multilayer headbox for a paper machine, which headbox there are three channels converging in the direction of flow and through which stock is conducted from separate inlets to discharge slots at the slice opening for discharge of layer-forming stock jets. Each channel is connected by a feed pipeline for stock supply by means of a motor-driven pump, the speeds of which are controlled by individual speed regulator units. The control system includes a first controller, which emits an output signal as a function of a possible deviation of an actual value of the pressure of the stocks inside the headbox from a setpoint for the pressure, which output signal is transmitted to all speed regulator units in order to regulate the speeds of the motors synchronously and, by means of the pumps, to alter synchronously the stock supply to the channels.

Abstract: A flow box for a paper making machine comprises an explosion chamber fed with stock from two rows of pipes entering the top wall thereof, a first deflector within the explosion chamber extends across the axial direction of a first row of pipes and a second deflector below the first deflector extends across at least the axial direction of the second row of pipes, a surface of the first deflector forming a divergent passage with the top wall of the chamber in the direction of the second row of pipes and the first and second deflectors together forming a convergent flow passage through which stock flows before entering the slice chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of reconstituted tobacco foil comprises a uble sheet former with two movable endless screens in a y-shaped arrangement. A wedge-shaped box fills most of the space where the screens approach one another and with its upper side forms a reservoir for the aqueous suspension, from which the foil is precipitated.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper machine includes a distributor beam part communicating with a distribution part and a turbulence part followed by a slice part. The turbulence part is constituted by a turbulence generator member in which a plurality of flow bores are formed, the outlet mouths of the flow bores opening into flow slots formed in the turbulence generator and wherein a central plane of each flow slot forms an angle with the axes of the flow bores, the magnitude of the angle being in the range of about 5.degree. to 45.degree.. The headbox may also include an equalizing chamber in which a pulp suspension is adapted to flow in an upwardly slanted flow direction and in this case the axes of the flow bores form a declining angle with the flow direction in the equalizing chamber, which declining angle is in the range of about 5.degree. to 15.degree..

Abstract: The distribution and orientation of the fibers in a short fiber fleece is improved by flowing the fiber suspension onto the surface of a rotating drum through a plurality of relatively narrow channels formed in a chute. The channels may be parallel partition walls extending in the flow direction or the channels may be formed by hoses or pipes placed one next to the other on the chute. The flow speed at the exit end of the chute may be increased by narrowing the exit end cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper-making machine having a flow rectifier which comprises a first flow control member disposed in a flow path and a second flow control member disposed in a downstream side of the first flow control member. Being in contact with the first flow control member, the second flow control member is so constituted that the flow stagnation phenomena generated by the first flow control member is eliminated by the second flow control member. In other words, a uniform flow rate distribution or speed is achieved across the outlet of the second flow control member by rapidly decelerating the flow therein.

Abstract: A stock delivery system is provided having a rectangular sectioned distributor of substantially square section connected in stock supplying relation to a headbox having an apertured distributor place, a mixing chamber receiving stock therein connecting by way of a throttle plate to a multi-tier diffuser section comprising cylindrical tubes that diverge to a square section. A parallel flow section of predetermined length connects to a tapered nozzle section. The structural elements of the apparatus, including the support beam, a portion of the diffuser section, and the roof section are connected in liquid transfer relation to permit the passage of liquid a controlled temperature therethrough. Also, the slice is provided with liquid containment capability, and also includes a segmented extension chamber to permit substantially unrestricted later expansion or contraction of the slice under changing thermal conditions.

Abstract: A headbox contains a nozzle channel which, in the direction of flow of the stock suspension or pulp. converges towards an outlet gap or slice. The nozzle channel contains two lips. At least one of these lips has a wall portion or section which is concave with respect to the stock suspension. This wall section is defined by imaginary curved reference lines. This wall section or portion is formed by steps or step portions extending essentially parallel to the outlet gap. Each of the step portions comprises a substantially planar partial surface extending comparable to the direction of flow of the stock suspension and an end surface disposed transversely with respect to its related planar or flat partial surface. At the region of this particularly simple to fabricate wall section there is thus produced microturbulence directly prior to the sheet formation.

Abstract: Multilayer headbox apparatus for a papermaking machine comprises spaced apart headbox walls defining an elongated, converging channel terminating in an exit opening, and at least one partition member anchored in the headbox at its upstream end with its downstream end free, said partition member extending from side to side in the headbox and at least to the vicinity of said opening and dividing the headbox into a plurality of shallow, converging channels extending to said opening for conveying a plurality of paper making stocks thereto and for discharging a plurality of paper making stocks therefrom in stacked, spaced apart relation, together with means for maintaining a wedge-shaped body of gaseous fluid between said discharged jets at the downstream end of said partition member to keep the jets separated for a predetermined distance beyond said exit opening in the direction of a forming surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for feeding a fibre suspension onto the wire of a web former through a guiding device consisting of a plurality of guiding channels through which the fibre suspension flows parallelly and which are connected to a slice chamber leading to a slice and extending across the wire of the web former. A means for separating the dilute outer part of the jet of stock flowing in from every single flow channel is disposed downstream of the guiding device. The outer portion is deflected from the direction of flow of the thicker and more homogeneous core part and the latter is allowed to proceed up to the lip substantially maintaining its direction. Thus, a situation is reached, whereby considerably less local consistency variations occur in the lip flow across the head box. Preferably, this means is formed by a plate in which there are openings disposed coaxially with regard to the manifold tubes so that the diameter of the openings of the plate is smaller than that of the openings of the tubes.

Abstract: A system for damping the pressure fluctuations in a paper machine headbox. The headbox applying the damping system comprises an equalizing chamber communicating with an air space, this equalizing chamber having an outlet/outlets for a channel/channels leading to the equalizing chamber as well as an inlet/inlets for a channel/channels leaving the equalizing chamber. The outlet chamber is disposed with regard to the inlet channel so, and the cross surfaces of the outlet and inlet channels have been dimensioned so that the jet of stock flowing out of the outlet and expanding divergently falls substantially inside the boundaries of the inlet.

Abstract: A headbox of a paper machine has a stock distribution header part, a distribution pipe assembly connected to the stock distribution header part, an equalizing passage following the distribution pipe assembly in the flow path of the stock suspension, an air tank in immediate communication with the equalizing passage and a converging slice part following the equalizing passage, the converging slice part having a lower lip wall and an adjustable upper lip wall. A turbulence section between the equalizing passage and the converging slice part has at least one exchangeable grating cassette consisting of at least two grating plates in abutment with each other. A first of the grating plates and in the direction of the stock flow and has a plurality of apertures formed therethrough.

Abstract: A paper machine has an equalizing part between a distribution pipe system part and a turbulence section in the flow path of the pulp stock. The equalizing part has an equalizing chamber with a length in the direction of flow of the pulp stock and a front wall. An adjusting device is coupled to the front wall of the equalizing chamber for adjusting the length of the equalizing chamber by adjustment of the position of the front wall.

Abstract: A manifold-like chamber is shown having a plurality of distribution conduits in communication therewith for evenly and uniformly distributing fluid pulp stock for subsequent paper forming operations; alternate ones of such conduits communicate with the chamber as at a relatively low elevation thereof while intermediate alternate ones of such conduits communicate with the chamber at a relatively higher elevation; the distribution conduits are formed as with two straight sections joined by an intermediate single curved or bent portion to further enhance turbulence therein; the distribution conduits are further situated as have the discharge therefrom generally parallel, at least as viewed from above; edge-forming means is provided within the chamber as to thereby obtain desired flow patterns within the fluid pulp in the chamber.

Abstract: An installation for charging a multi-ply headbox, wherein the mixing pumps of the stock infeed systems for the stock which is diluted with water, i.e. the stock slurries, are driven by a single drive motor by means of a common shaft. Additionally, a pressure differential-regulation device is provided for the fine tuning or coordination of the pressures of the stock suspensions in the headbox. Signals are inputted by means of pressure feelers or sensors to the pressure differential-regulation device. As a function of the deviations from a set or reference value there are activated regulation valves which are arranged in bypass lines shunting the mixing pumps. The bypass lines or conduits flow communicate with sieve water containers connected with the suction side of the mixing pumps. Through these measures there is avoided mechanical damage to the headbox, particularly to the partition walls arranged internally thereof.

Abstract: A headbox arrangement for a papermaking machine contains a plurality of headboxes forming a group, these headboxes being arranged either essentially in parallelism with regard to one another or in fan-like or spread apart configuration. Between each two neighboring headboxes there is located a flexible divider, particularly in the form of a foil member, which extends past the outlet gap or slice of the headboxes.

Abstract: Apparatus for a paper making machine to form multi-ply web including a headbox having an upper and lower chamber for low consistency fibrous stock to form the outer surface plies of a finished web and an intermediate chamber for receiving a high consistency stock for an intermediate ply with the headbox chambers delivering to portions of a slice chamber, with the outer portions of the slice chamber discharging through a slice opening onto a travelling forming surface and such slice chamber portions having flexible fine scale turbulence trailing elements unsupported at their downstream ends, and the slice chamber having an intermediate passageway receiving stock from the intermediate chamber of the headbox and being defined between solid walls which have inwardly facing surfaces forming a high efficiency tortuous undulating path for the high consistency stock flowing therethrough.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns the chamber of a head box for a paper making machine. Movable partition walls extend between the side walls of the chamber. Opposed stub shafts in the opposite side walls of the chamber carry eccentric journal pins which are received in respective partition walls, such that rotation of each stub shaft adjusts the position of the respective engaged partition wall. A second concentric pin on each stub shaft also engages the respective partition wall, whereby the eccentric pin may move the partition wall while the concentric pin may guide the movement. Appropriate longitudinally extending grooves are defined in the partition wall to absorb the motion caused by rotation of the stub shaft, which moves the partition wall with respect to the stub shaft. As appropriate, there may be respective generally mutually perpendicular longitudinally extending grooves for the concentric and eccentric pins, respectively.

Abstract: A pair of enclosed explosion chamber flowboxes are combined so that the top exit slice plate of the first chamber provides the lower exit slice plate of the second chamber downstream of the first chamber so that pressurized furnishes for a two-ply web are laid one on top of the other over a very short distance.

Abstract: A mechanism to be used in the generation and maintenance of a surfactant foam having fibers distributed therethrough with the foam to be used in the formation of a fibrous web by being deposited on a porous forming surface and particularly a unit for dispersing and mixing fluids provided with a flow path including an upstream conduit and a downstream conduit and a housing therebetween defining a dispersing and mixing chamber with a plug therein providing venturi chambers, and in one form having a washboard corrugated path on the upstream side wherein the foam is provided with controlled surfactant and air and in the zones of reduced pressure caused by the venturi shape expansion, the fibers are distributed and the air is distributed throughout the surfactant in a uniform manner.

Abstract: At least a substantial proportion of the fibers in papermaking stock are delivered in cross direction orientation to the slice chamber of a headbox and remain in the cross direction orientation for delivery from the slice chamber to a forming surface. The cross direction orientation is effected by a set of partitions defining stock flow passages extending obliquely in the cross direction, receiving the stock flowing in the machine direction and biasing the streams of the stock to flow in generally the cross direction to the downstream ends of the passages from which the streams are diverted in substantially the machine direction towards the slice chamber. The stock with fibers oriented in the cross direction may be supplied to turbulence controlling channels in the slice chamber.

Abstract: A headbox for supplying a stock consisting of a generated liquid foam suspension of fibers or a high consistency paper making stock including a slice nozzle having a slice opening and a slice chamber having first and second slice flow passages arranged of a set of stepped surfaces leading to the slice nozzle with one set of the surfaces of the slice chamber mounted on a movable block to increase or decrease the size of the passages of the slice chamber, said stepped surfaces shaped to generate a turbulent expansion and shearing action on the foam for a regenerative process, and a tube bank and header chamber delivering foam to the slice chamber passages.

Abstract: A pulp feed for a papermaking machine, comprising a substantially slot-like guide channel having at least two step-like widened portions. Before and after each widened portion there is provided a linear channel section, and between the widened portions there is arranged a tapered section or portion. The slot widths before both of the widened portions can be of the same magnitude and conjointly adjustable by means of a translationally movable element. The slot-like guide channel has arranged forwardly thereof a perforated plate and a mixing chamber merging thereat. Also a pulp feed channel having an adjustable lip and merging at the guide channel can possess step-shaped widened portions.

Abstract: The disclosure concerns a head box for use in a paper making machine, or the like. The open channel through the head box leading to the outlet opening has at least one and more usually a plurality of guide surfaces extending through the channel. The guide surfaces are supported between the side walls of the head box and are spaced from the top and bottom of the head box and, when a plurality of guide surfaces are provided, they are spaced vertically from each other. The guide surfaces are comprised of flexible foil-like material. The guide surfaces are anchored at pivots at their upstream ends and are supported intermediate their lengths toward the outlet openings by a respective tab projecting from each side edge thereof into a receiving slot in the respective side wall of the head box. A tension spring operates in opposition to the shifting of the tab and the guide surface under the influence of the flow through the head box.

Abstract: Stock flow alignment means for the headbox of a paper machine or the like comprises a plurality of composite tubes having their opposite ends mounted in apertures in two spaced apart tube plates extending in the cross machine direction. Each composite tube includes first and second tubular elements assembled in telescoping relation to accommodate changes in length resulting from thermal expansion. Also, each composite tube is formed with a stepwise enlargement of its cross section in the direction of flow near the telescoped ends of the tubular elements. Flow deflector means disposed in the flow paths to the inlet ends of the composite tubes prevent fibers in the stock from collecting at the inlets.

Abstract: A pulp feed for a papermaking machine comprising a guide block having guide channels through which parallelly flows the pulp or stock suspension and a nozzle channel which merges with the guide block. The nozzle channel terminates at an outlet gap for the efflux of the pulp and is bounded by two lip plates. In order to adjust the size of the gap in a direction towards and away therefrom, while maintaining a constant angle of the lip plates relative to one another and in relation to the guide block, these lip plates are displaceable. There is fixedly secured at the guide block at least one rigid partition or divider wall which, in the flow direction of the pulp, divides the nozzle channel along its entire length into partial cross-sectional regions, wherein the relationship of the cross-sections of such cross-sectional regions, in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the pulp or stock suspension is essentially constant.

Abstract: A device for homogenization of a particle filled fluid stream in which a conduit has a plurality of baffles which extend inwardly into the conduit so as to cross the fluid stream to be divided into smaller streams, preferably crossing over each other when being divided.

Abstract: The head box has a plurality of distribution pipes for delivering pulp with each distribution pipe communicating via a plurality of feed pipes with a row of flow ducts in a block having a plurality of rows of flow ducts. The feed pipes have equal flow resistance and each has a pin-shaped part at the inlet end which acts to anchor the feed pipe in place. Each pin-shaped part also carries a cam which projects into a distribution pipe to keep the inlet to the respective feed pipe free of fibers.

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, measuring the throughflow quantity of a liquid substance per unit of time in a papermaking machine, wherein the measurement is undertaken on the basis of the pressure drop at a throttling element, there being used as the throttling element a perforated plate having a multiplicity of parallel channels through which the substance flows.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper machine for manufacturing at least a two-ply fiber web, comprising separate slice channels each connected to a separate source of fiber suspension and forming a slice opening extending across the wires of the paper machine for supplying separate fiber suspension streams upon the wires. The slice chambers are separated from each other by means of division walls each supported at the upstream end by the headbox adjustably in the cross direction with respect to the flow direction of the fiber suspension in the slice channel in order to allow adjustment of the cross sectional areas of said slice channels at the upstream ends of the division walls.

Abstract: A paper machine has a headbox provided with a slice through which a pulp suspension discharges from the headbox, this slice being defined in part by an upper lip frame. The pulp suspension flows to the slice from a distribution header and a turbulence passage assembly which receives the pulp stock from the distribution header and continues the flow thereof toward the slice. An air tank is provided for containing air under pressure to act on the flowing pulp stock so as to damp pressure fluctuations in the pulp suspension flow, and this air tank is connected in part to the upper lip frame of the slice so that the pressure in the air tank will act on the pulp suspension in the immediate vicinity of the slice.

Abstract: An improvement in the method and apparatus for fabricating asbestos-cement boards, wherein a felt band coated with fiber fleece is fed to a pair of press rollers in nip relationship and wherein the coating of the felt band with fiber fleece is effected by wet deposition on the felt band and by suction from the side opposite same.The fiber fleece obtained by wet deposition on the felt band following the deposition is condensed and dehydrated by a system consisting of a sieve cylinder and of an associated suction roller operating in nip relationship.

Abstract: The damping device has a transition section of increasing cross-sectional area with a perforated plate extending across the downstream end. The perforated plate has ducts which increase in cross-sectional area in a step-wise manner. The transition section may have a parabolic profile, a conical profile, an arcuate profile or may be formed of a sequence of conical parts.

Abstract: The head box guide is formed of a metal block with cylindrical bores into which a pair of telescoping plastic inserts are fitted. Each pair of inserts are formed so as to define a stepped widening within the block. In addition, the inserts have terminal parts which are disposed outside of the bores and which are locked together in contiguous fashion so as to avoid any gaps. Also, a honeycomb connecting member rests on the downstream terminal parts of the inserts to form continuations of the flow passages.

Abstract: A headbox for a paper making machine having a slice chamber with a vertical tube bank supplying the slice chamber and a distributor chamber behind the tube chamber tapering from a larger size to one side of the machine to a smaller size at the other side of the machine with the lower floor of the header chamber sloping upwardly and a pivotal cover extending over the tube bank and header chamber openable for access to the tube bank and header chamber.

Abstract: Multi-ply web forming stock jets directed through a slice from a single headbox into a forming zone between converging forming surfaces in a papermaking machine are maintained separated for a sufficient interval after leaving the slice opening to permit drainage and partial ply formation of the stock delivered by one of the stock jets to one of the forming surfaces before the stock in a second of the stock jets joins in fiber felting laminar relation with the contiguous surface of the partially formed ply. Flexible divider sheet members divide the slice chamber of a headbox into separate flow passages aligned respectively with different ones of headbox subchambers to receive streams of the stock from the respective subchambers and maintain the streams separated, and the flexible members extend a substantial distance out of the slice opening in the direction of flow of the stock jets to maintain stock jets separated for a sufficient interval after leaving the slice opening.

Abstract: The head box is provided with a distributor having a plurality of pulp distributing ducts which have terminal sections converging towards the throat of the box. The distributing ducts also have step-like widenings upstream of the terminal sections to create a strong turbulence in the pulp flow to maintain the solids content of the pulp in suspension. The terminal sections terminate short of the throat so as to reduce any risk of cross-flow and thus improve the flow of the pulp.

Abstract: Holders for floating slice chamber dividers are provided with flexible bodies whereby the dividers are relieved from bending strains in their upstream attached end portions. Advantageously these holder facilitate orientation of the slice chambers of headboxes in a manner to provide for unusual compactness in headbox construction and space requirements. Purging of air from the stock flow is facilitated.

Abstract: A microturbulence generator for a papermachine headbox flow channel complying with newly developed parametric criteria for optimizing its effectiveness and methods of adjusting the position of said microturbulence generator while said papermachine is in-use to accommodate changes in operating conditions and/or machine speed are disclosed. A microturbulence generator complying with the optimization criteria of the present invention serves to generate a sufficient degree of microturbulence near the headbox throat to effectively disperse pulp floc in a macroturbulent stream of papermaking fibers to improve formation characteristics, randomize fiber orientation and reduce tensile ratio in the resulting paper web. The disclosed criteria are generally applicable to headbox flow channels having an angle of convergence between about 4.degree. and about 20.degree. and are particularly effective at papermachine speeds in excess of about 800 feet per minute.

Abstract: Thin plastic flexible trailing element sheets which divide the slice chamber of a papermaking machine headbox into substantially uniform turbulence channels between the slice opening and the flow divider plate between the slice chamber and the preslice chamber of the headbox, are anchored to the plate by means of rods having greater coefficient of thermal expansion and maintain the sheets substantially free from wrinkling in the presence of heated paper stock.

Abstract: Turbulence is generated within a headbox nozzle passage in such close adjacency to the slice opening as to assure thorough and substantially uniform dispersion of the fibers in a jet stream delivered to the forming area on a travelling paper web forming surface. Substantial suppression of turbulence in the jet stream is effected without interferring with the substantial uniformity of fiber dispersion in the suspension as delivered to the forming surface.

Abstract: The distribution pipe and pulp guide of the head box are mounted in a box-shaped support which is rotatable within two annular bearings. The support may be rotated so as to move the pulp guide from a horizontal plane into a vertical plane, for example for cleaning purposes. In addition, the distribution pipe is removably secured to the frame so as to be moved out of the support for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: A headbox system for a paper-manufacturing machine includes an equalizing chamber the interior of which receives pulp stock from any suitable source and delivers this pulp stock to an outlet end of the equalizing chamber. A plurality of elongated passages, situated in a horizontal plane, respectively have inlet ends which communicate with the outlet end of the equalizing chamber to receive a pulp stock therefrom, the stock flowing along the interiors of these passages toward a slice of the headbox. A throttling plate is situated between the outlet end of the equalizing chamber and the inlet ends of the passages for throttling the flow of pulp stock from the equalizing chamber into these passages.

Abstract: The plates which define the throat of the head box are movable simultaneously to adjust the size of the exit throat while the angle between the plates is maintained. The adjusting means includes adjusting rods which are slidable lengthwise of the head box and transverse linkages which are pivotally secured to slidable locating members affixed to the plates. Adjusting screws at the throat provide a fine adjustment.

Abstract: The distribution pipe is of narrowing circular cross-section with an elongated aperture. The pulp guide is mounted via a tongue and groove connection on the pipe to both sides of the aperture in order to hold the pipe together against the peripherally operative tangential force of the pipe. The plates which form the throat can be replaced from time-to-time to change the size of the throat.

Abstract: At least one channel in a multi-channel paper machine distributor is maintained in flow velocity slave relation to another of the channels by monitoring the velocity with a pressure transducer of stock flow through the latter channel and by such monitoring controlling the stock velocity in the slave channel.

Abstract: For a paper, board or similar fibrous web making machine, a flowbox comprising an enclosed explosion chamber having upstream and downstream walls converging from a top wall toward a bottom wall, the stock inlet being directed at the downstream wall adjacent the region of convergence. A stock outlet is provided by non-divergent upper and lower plates defining an exit slice, the lower plate being a continuation of the bottom wall and the lower plate being shorter than the upper plate.