Abstract: A method is described for producing a stratified composite material, with a layer of sinterable solids particles being applied to a strip-like metal carrier and being sintered with liquid phase by the supply of heat continuously in the forward feed direction. In order to provide simplified production conditions it is proposed that the metal carrier is heated continuously in the forward feed direction with a temperature profile which decreases towards lower temperatures from a maximum temperature above the melting temperature of the solids particles in the region of a surface layer receiving the particle layer towards a core layer of the metal carrier, and that the particle layer is sintered at least in a layer resting on the metal carrier by a heat transmission from the heated metal carrier.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing metal-ceramic composite members in various shapes with high productivity, and a mold member and a manufacturing method therefor. An apparatus for manufacturing a metal-ceramic composite member has a plurality of process regions, namely, an atmosphere replacing/heating part, a molten metal push-out part, and a cooling part; and a guide for allowing a mold to pass through these plural process regions. The molds have ceramic members placed therein and are successively inserted into a mold inlet provided in the guide to pass through the guide practically in a shielded state from the atmosphere. A molten metal is poured thereto in the molten-metal push-out part, and the molten metal is cooled and solidified in the cooling part to join a metal and a ceramic, thereby manufacturing the metal-ceramic composite member.

Abstract: An alloy of aluminum, lithium, magnesium, zirconium, and scandium is formed with a rapid solidification process to retain desired metastable phases. A solid freeform fabrication device uses a heat source to melt a feedstock delivered through one or more guide nozzles. The heat source and the nozzles are mounted to a movable platform that positions the heat source and the nozzles in a desired location for each section or layer of the part being formed. The nozzles are located at 90° increments in an array having a selected radius from, and being centered on the heat source. The device forms adjacent, side-by-side layers to form the width of the part, and is used to form adjacent, stacked layers to create the height of the part.

Abstract: A method for the production of a layered metal slab by casting, which strip contains a central layer (2) and surface layers (3) on either side of it. The central layer (2) is introduced as a strip through a mould (4), into which is introduced molten metal (5), the mould (4) is cooled, whereupon a layered structure (1) is formed as the metal solidifies.

Abstract: A bright composite sheet product including a roll cast core and a clad material bonded to the core. The core is an aluminum alloy of the AA series 1XXX, 3XXX, 5XXX, or 8XXX, and the clad material contains at least 99.5 wt. % aluminum. The composite sheet products is particularly suited for use in lighting fixtures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for manufacturing composite materials are provided. In a first embodiment, a binding material is placed on a heat-resistant filter that is placed on hollow particles in a pressurizable container. Under pressure and heat, the binding material flows through the filter and infiltrates the spaces between the hollow particles. In a further embodiment, composite material wire is produced by coating the surfaces of inorganic fiber bundles with a metal oxide by dipping in a solution of a hydrolyzable organic metal compound and hydrolyzing and heat-treating prior to continuous infiltration under pressure.

Abstract: Wires and cables made from ceramic oxide fibers encapsulated within a matrix that includes aluminum.

Abstract: A molten metal infiltrating method for infiltrating a linear material with a molten metal, wherein a linear material previously coated with a flux is used.

Abstract: A method of casting a multi-layered metal ingot including the steps of delivering a metallic divider member into a direct chill mold, pouring a first molten metal into the mold on one side of the divider member, and pouring a second molten metal into the mold on the other side of the divider member, and allowing the first molten metal and the second molten metal solidify to form a metal ingot which includes the divider metal layer disposed there between.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid-solid rolling bonding method for heterogeneous metals and an apparatus therefor. The method comprises: pouring a liquid metal onto the surface of a heterogeneous solid base metal coated with a soldering flux; rolling the liquid metal and the solid metal under pressure; solidifying the liquid metal and making it bond to the surface of the solid base metal under rapid cooling to realize metallurgical bonding of the two or more metals. The apparatus comprises an unrolling machine, a soldering flux tank, a drying-heating apparatus, a pouring nozzle, an interior water-cooling rollers and a roll-collecting machine arranged in order, a pouring basket is disposed above the pouring nozzle and a base frame is disposed below the pouring nozzle. The present invention has the advantages of high bonding strength, lower production cost, high production efficiency, good product quality, fewer investment for the apparatus and lower consumption of energy.

Abstract: A process for producing a tube target for cathode sputtering plants, in which the tube target is formed from a metallic inner tube (target holder) made of a first material with a first melting point of Ts1≧900 K and a metallic outer tube (target) that concentrically surrounds the inner tube and that is made of a second material with a second melting point of Ts2≦800 K. The inside diameter of the outer tube and the outside diameter of the inner tube are proportioned in such a way that the two tubes fit together tightly and are mechanically firmly joined. The outer tube is formed by casting the second material in a molten state in a heated, vertical, A cylindrical permanent mold, which has a heated mandrel that constitutes the inner tube.

Abstract: Molten steel is poured using an immersion nozzle and a direct current magnetic field zone is applied to a cast slab over the entire width in the thickness direction thereof at a predetermined distance below the molten metal level in a continuously-casting mold. The immersion nozzle is provided with ejection holes located in at least upper and lower stages, at least one lower ejection hole is disposed such that these satisfy the following formula (1). The supply rate of molten steel from the upper ejection holes is set smaller than the rate consumed by solidification in an upper pool, and a particular solute element is added to the molten steel in the upper pool. 0<h<(½)·w·tan &thgr;  (1) where, &thgr;: downward angle of lower ejection hole(s) (°); w: length of mold in width direction (m); and h: distance from center of lower ejection hole to center of height of magnetic pole (m).

Abstract: A method of casting a multi-layered metal ingot including the steps of delivering a metallic divider member into a direct chill mold, pouring a first molten metal into the mold on one side of the divider member, and pouring a second molten metal into the mold on the other side of the divider member, and allowing the first molten metal and the second molten metal solidify to form a metal ingot which includes the divider metal layer disposed there between.

Abstract: An apparatus for casting molten metal onto a moving strip of material includes a stationary die having upstream and downstream portions with a casting portion, past which the strip of material is capable of being moved. The casting portion has a casting channel extending from the upstream portion through the downstream portion for facing the moving strip to contain and shape the molten metal into a profile against the moving strip. A heating arrangement heats the upstream portion of the stationary die to prevent the molten metal from solidifying within the casting channel at the upstream portion, thereby allowing the molten metal to fill the casting channel. The casting channel at the downstream portion allows the molten metal to cool while passing therethrough to solidify sufficiently to retain the shape of the casting channel when exiting the stationary die.

Abstract: An apparatus for casting molten metal onto a moving strip of material includes a stationary die having upstream and downstream portions with a casting portion, past which the strip of material is capable of being moved. The casting portion has a casting channel extending from the upstream portion through the downstream portion for facing the moving strip to contain and shape the molten metal into a profile against the moving strip. A heating arrangement heats the upstream portion of the stationary die to prevent the molten metal from solidifying within the casting channel at the upstream portion, thereby allowing the molten metal to fill the casting channel. The casting channel at the downstream portion allows the molten metal to cool while passing therethrough to solidify sufficiently to retain the shape of the casting channel when exiting the stationary die.

Abstract: An apparatus for casting molten metal onto a moving strip of material includes a stationary die having upstream and downstream portions with a casting portion, past which the strip of material is capable of being moved. The casting portion has a casting channel extending from the upstream portion through the downstream portion for facing the moving strip to contain and shape the molten metal into a profile against the moving strip. A heating arrangement heats the upstream portion of the stationary die to prevent the molten metal from solidifying within the casting channel at the upstream portion, thereby allowing the molten metal to fill the casting channel. The casting channel at the downstream portion allows the molten metal to cool while passing therethrough to solidify sufficiently to retain the shape of the casting channel when exiting the stationary die.

Abstract: A method for producing an improved charging stock for use in further metallurgical processes including the steps of providing a source of molten metal of known composition, providing a source of solid particulate material of a known composition which is compatible with the molten metal, combining the molten metal source with the solid particulate material source to produce a combined stream and forming the combined stream into a plurality of uniformly sized metal billets for use in further metallurgical processes.

Abstract: A method for the production of a cast article having a small hole comprises the steps of setting a linear core member in a cavity of a metal mold, injecting a molten metal into the cavity, and drawing out the core member from the resultant cast product to form a small hole. A linear core member having a surface film formed by surface coating or by subjecting to a surface treatment is used so that the surface film is partly or as a whole peeled off the linear core member upon drawing it from the cast product, thereby enabling the core member to be drawn from the inside of the cast product. Alternatively, the linear core member is so constructed as to elastically deform in the drawing direction upon drawing it from the cast product to have a diameter smaller than the original diameter.

Abstract: A bent pipe for use in piping arrangement for transporting materials conaining solids, the bent pipe being prepared by subjecting to high-frequency bending work a straight blank pipe prepared by centrifugal casting and having a plurality of layers. The straight blank pipe comprises an outer layer made of a steel having high weldability, and an inner layer made of a high Cr cast iron containing at least Cr in an amount of 10 to 35 wt. % and having high wear resistance, the outer layer and the inner layer being metallurgically joined. Preferably, a barrier layer is provided between the outer layer and the inner layer for preventing an alloy component in each of the layers from diffusing into the other layer. The barrier layer is preferably about 10 to about 100 &mgr;m in thickness.

Abstract: Method of making wire comprising polycrystalline &agr;-Al2O3 fibers within a matrix of substantially pure elemental aluminum, or an alloy elemental aluminum and up to about 2% copper.

Abstract: A method for producing coated hot-rolled or cold-rolled products, particularly steel strip, and an apparatus for carrying out the method, wherein thin strip is cast especially by a travelling mold and the cast strip is guided on-line as a master strip into an inversion casting plant for strip coating, the surface of the coated strip is smoothed with rolls, and if necessary, the thickness of the coated and smoothed strip is reduced in a rolling process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus forproducing coated slabs of metal, particularly strips of steel, in which a metal slab is guided through the bottom of a vessel filled with molten metal having the same or different composition as the metal slab, wherein the dwell time of the metal slab is selected in dependence on the melting bath level, the casting speed, the metal slab thickness and the preheating temperature of the metal slab in such a way that the molten metal deposited on the metal slab has a desired thickness of a multiple of the initial thickness of the metal slab, and wherein the metal slab with the layer crystallized onto the metal slab is subjected to a smoothing pass after emerging from the melting bath. The smoothing pass is carried out when the surface temperature of the crystallized slab is smaller than the solidus temperature of the melting bath and, thus, at least the surface of the crystallized layer is solidified.

Abstract: A device and a process for producing thin steel metal bars in which an elongated metal product is brought into contact with a molten metal causing the latter to crystallize. Different materials are used for the elongated metal product and the molten metal, whereby one of the materials is a stainless steel. A temperature of the elongated metal product, a temperature of the molten metal and a dwelling time of the elongated metal product in the molten metal are set in such a way that the molten metal crystallizes on the elongated metal product so as to form a layer having a thickness of 2% to 20% of a thickness of the elongated metal product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a thixoformable Al alloy composites wherein Si is added to ASTM 2000 series aluminum alloy so that the total Si content thereof may be 1-5 at. % and also a manufacturing method of thixoformable Al alloy composites comprising: obtaining a matrix of the composite containing 1-5 at. % of the total Si content by adding Si to ASTM 2000 series aluminum alloy; holding the matrix in the temperature range of 560-610.degree. C. to obtain a liquid fraction of 40-70% and thereafter performing a thixoforming process.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for producing metallic composite material in which there is applied to at least one side of a parent strand a material having different material characteristics. For this purpose, according to the invention, the parent strand is guided through a melt having the same material composition as the parent strand, wherein melt crystallizes on by inversion casting and, at a predefinable distance from the surface of the molten bath, a composite section is fed to the carrier section after it has exited from the molten bath, this composite section being welded with the surface of the carrier section. The invention is further directed to a device for carrying out the process.

Abstract: A gradient material is manufactured in which the alloy composition varies continuously with the cross-section. A first metal liquid is introduced from a first tundish into the outer portion of a water-cooled mould. A second metal liquid is introduced into the inner portion of the water-cooled mould through a refractory entry nozzle immersed in the first metal liquid to form a metal liquid pool. The metal liquid pool is solidified into an ingot where the composition of alloys varies continuously from the inside to the outside of the ingot.

Abstract: A system of gating orifices for continuous pressure infiltration processes eliminates blow-out of the pressurized molten metal matrix material and friction damage to the infiltrated perform. The system includes three or more orifices along a vertical path of an upwardly moving perform which passes from vacuum or atmospheric pressure into a pressurized infiltrating bath of molten metal, then into a pressurized atmosphere in which the matrix fully solidifies, and from there to an atmospheric environment. The entering orifice, at the bottom of the pressurized bath, is elongated in the direction of the perform movement to provide a temperature gradient from above the matrix material melting temperature at the bath to below the solidification temperature farthest from the bath. The resulting liquid-mushy-solid sequence of the matrix material forms a solidification seal to prevent blow out of the pressurized molten metal.

Abstract: An inversion casting vessel includes a melt-filled container with a hole in the floor through which a metal strip is drawn. As the strip is drawn through the container, crystallization of the melt on the metal strip occurs, thereby forming a metal strand. The hole in the floor is a slit shaped channel through which the strip is run in a low-contact manner. The container also includes a cooling device for cooling the melt in the area of the slit shaped channel. The cooling device maintains the temperature of the melt around the channel to create a two-phase field of the melt, one of the phases being crystal, making up 50%-90% of the two phase field. The metal strip first contacts the melt at the two-phase field of the melt as the strip is run through the melt container.

Abstract: A high speed tool steel and a manufacturing method therefor are disclosed, in which carbides are formed in the matrix in a uniform manner, thereby obtaining a high toughness and a high abrasion resistance. The high speed tool steel according to the present invention includes a basic composition of W.sub.a Mo.sub.b Cr.sub.c Co.sub.d V.sub.x C.sub.y Fe.sub.z where the subscripts meet in weight %: 5.0%.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.7.0%, 4.0%.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.6.0%, 3.0%.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.5.0%, 6.5%.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.9.5%, 2.2%.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.8.3%, 1.1%.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.2.18%, and 66.52%.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.73.7%. The final structure has carbides uniformly distributed within a martensite matrix, which are mainly MC and M.sub.6 C carbides. The method includes the steps of melting the above-defined alloy composition, gas spraying the melted alloy to form a bulk material, heat treating the bulk material to decompose the M.sub.2 C carbides to stabilize M.sub.6 C carbides and hot working the heat treated bulk material to a desired shape.

Abstract: Fiber bundle reinforced composite material useful for various high temperature structural members having excellent strength, toughness and resistance to oxidation and a process for producing the same. The fiber bundle reinforced composite material is reinforced with fiber bundles each having a plurality of continuous inorganic fibers bundled with medium such as carbon, being oriented in one, two or three directions, or randomly in the matrix which is reinforced with nano-sized particles precipitated. The fiber bundle reinforced composite material has a desired orientation of fibers and enables production of fiber bundle reinforced composite members having excellent strength and toughness.

Abstract: A mother strip with a metallically pure surface is passed through a melt bath of a metal and whereby the coating is smoothed by rolling immediately after leaving the melt bath. The mother strip, having been preheated, to a temperature clearly above ambient temperature, especially above 200.degree. C., is introduced into the metal bath. The preheating is carried out by indirect heat exchange with the melt bath in an oxygen-free environment. The melt freshly supplied to the melt bath has an increased temperature in accordance with the heat lost due to preheating.

Abstract: An inversion casting device with a crystallizer which has a slit-shaped passage for guiding a substrate strip, this passage being arranged in the base and provided with a seal, and which communicates with a melt feed. A collecting tank is provided which passes horizontally about the crystallizer vessel so that the collecting tank communicates with nozzles (23) arranged in the region of the passage. The nozzle orifices are so arranged that the melt flowing out strikes the substrate strip at a flat angle of inclination .alpha. in the strip take-off direction.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous casting of composite metal members wherein molten metal is directly cast between two spaced generally parallel metal strips to form a composite member having enhanced surface qualities, formability, and strength. The method comprises feeding at least two strips of metal into a cooled mold system while pouring a molten stream of metal therebetween and forming the composite member by cooling in a cooled mold system until the composite is solidified as the exit point removing the composite from the cooled mold system and rolling the cooled composite to obtain a desired final thickness. Multiple strip and thin coating methods and apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system of gating orifices for continuous pressure infiltration processes eliminates blow-out of the pressurized molten metal matrix material and friction damage to the infiltrated preform. The system includes three or more orifices along a vertical path of an upwardly moving preform which passes from vacuum or atmospheric pressure into a pressurized infiltrating bath of molten metal, then into a pressurized atmosphere in which the matrix fully solidifies, and from there to an atmospheric environment. The entering orifice, at the bottom of the pressurized bath, is elongated in the direction of the preform movement to provide a temperature gradient from above the matrix material melting temperature at the bath to below the solidification temperature farthest from the bath. The resulting liquid-mushy-solid sequence of the matrix material forms a solidification seal to prevent blow out of the pressurized molten metal.

Abstract: Electronic parts such as an inductor of improved connectivity between magnetic and conductive materials made by sintering the magnetic material under a condition where no accumulation is developed, by forming a hollow-core of a shape different from an external shape of said conductive material through said magnetic material to be molded by an extrusion-molding means while inserting said magnetic material into said hollow-core, or by providing an erasable means to be removed by a heat treatment in said conductive material and conducting extrusion molding so as to embed said conductive material into said magnetic material, said erasable means being removed during a sintering treatment to form a space between said conductive material and said magnetic material, and a method for making same.

Abstract: A composite metallurgical product includes a roll cast aluminum alloy core and a filler material bonded on the core. Assemblies joined by filler material are formed from this product by heating to flow the filler material into joints and subsequent solidification of the filler material in the joints. The composite product is made in several ways, including lamination at roll caster rolls, and lamination or thermal spraying at the exit side of a roll caster. The invention additionally provides for an angulation rolling method for varying percent of cladding on the composite, and a high-manganese aluminum alloy useful as core material in brazing sheet clad with aluminum-silicon brazing alloy.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for producing a composite of a particulate inorganic material, such as Shirasu balloons, and a metal, such as aluminum, in four inventive aspects. The composite is produced successively by the process steps comprising charging a mold cavity of a mold with the particulate inorganic material to form an aggregation of the particles, injecting a molten metal into the aggregation through a molten metal permeable refractory partition wall from a molten metal storage vessel, forwarding the resulting aggregation impregnated with the molten metal, cooling the impregnated aggregation to solidify and taking the solidified molded composite out of the mold. The composite according to the present invention is stout, light weighing, non-inflammable and easily processible and exhibits high dimensional stability and uniform distribution of the material properties, so that it can be used for construction and architecture purposes.

Abstract: This invention relates to the discovery of organometallic ceramic precursor binders used to fabricate shaped bodies by different techniques. Exemplary shape making techniques which utilize hardenable, liquid, organometallic, ceramic precursor binders include the fabrication of negatives of parts to be made (e.g., sand molds and sand cores for metalcasting, etc.), as well as utilizing ceramic precursor binders to make shapes directly (e.g., brake shoes, brake pads, clutch parts, grinding wheels, polymer concrete, refractory patches and liners, etc.). In a preferred embodiment, this invention relates to thermosettable, liquid ceramic precursors which provide suitable-strength sand molds and sand cores at very low binder levels and which, upon exposure to molten metalcasting exhibit low emissions toxicity as a result of their high char yields of ceramic upon exposure to heat. Another preferred embodiment of the invention involves the fabrication of preforms used in the formation of composite articles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous casting of composite metal members wherein molten metal is directly cast between two spaced generally parallel metal strips to form a composite member having enhanced surface qualities, formability, and strength. The method comprises feeding at least two strips of metal into a cooled mold system while pouring a molten stream of metal therebetween and forming a composite member by cooling in the cooled mold system until the composite is solidified at the exit point, removing the composite from the cooled mold system and rolling the cooled composite to obtain a desired final thickness. Multiple strip and thin coating methods and apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A stream of overheated metal melt is applied from a container through a pouring nozzle as a closed jet, or in such a way as to be split up into drops by a gaseous medium, at a pouring point, to the inner surface of a strip coil or composite body also rotating in a mold body. Thus, an initially liquid metal film is produced to which a liquid coolant, preferably a low-temperature liquefied gas such as argon or nitrogen, is applied from a cooling nozzle at a cooling point which is offset in the direction of rotation relative to the pouring point. The coolant dissipates a substantial portion of the excess and melt heat of the metal film, mostly due to vaporization of the liquid coolant. Depending on the residual heat which it still has after the cooling operation, the metal film either remains isolated from the innermost metal layer applied beforehand, so that a strip coil develops, or melts with the metal layer so that a rotationally symmetrical composite body forms.

Abstract: The present invention provides metal/polymer composites including a plastic substrate having longitudinally extending conductive members, adapted to make bonded electrical connections to an array of closely spaced conductive terminal pads. In general terms, the metal/polymer composites include a thin, flexible sheet-like plastic substrate having a plurality of longitudinally extending, regularly spaced, metal pathways or members on one major surface thereof.

Abstract: A method of making twin roll cast clad material includes producing a composite material using a liner stock produced by drag casting techniques. The drag cast liner stock can be directly used in a twin roll continuous casting process without additional process steps such as heat treatment, surface cleaning and/or rolling. The drag cast liner stock can be applied to one or both of the surfaces of the twin roll cast material to produce a composite material that is useful in a cast form or can be adapted for reduction by rolling processes or the like. The twin roll cast cladding process can utilize aluminum alloy core and cladding materials to form a brazing sheet from the as-cast composite material.

Abstract: A composite metallurgical product includes a roll cast aluminum alloy core and a filler material bonded on the core. Assemblies joined by filler material are formed from this product by heating to flow the filler material into joints and subsequent solidification of the filler material in the joints. The composite product is made in several ways, including lamination at roll caster rolls, and lamination or thermal spraying at the exit side of a roll caster. The invention additionally provides for an angulation rolling method for varying percent of cladding on the composite, and a high-manganese aluminum alloy useful as core material in brazing sheet clad with aluminum-silicon brazing alloy.

Abstract: A method for the direct casting of metallic material, such as steel, to produce elongated bodies (2) which can form blanks having a cross-section which corresponds relatively close to the cross-section of the intended products, in which method a metal melt (1'), while at least its outermost layer remains molten, is caused to run from an outlet gate (3) in a molten-metal container (1) and is collected subsequent to solidification. The melt (1') of molten metal which exits from the gate exits together with a metallic body (5) which has substantially the same melting point as the molten metal, this metallic body being passed through the gate (3), inserted into and moving with the molten metal and causes cooling of the molten metal (1') progressively. The metallic body thereby entrains the molten metal at substantially the same speed as the metallic body (5) in what is termed a boundary layer.

Abstract: There is disclosed methods for the manufacture of a metal matrix composite having a metal or metal alloy matrix and a uniform dispersion of a second phase. The second phase is either a refractory metal or a nonmetal. An element which reacts with both the matrix and the second phase is added to increase the loathing density of the second phase and to improve adhesion between the components of the composite. When the metal alloy matrix is copper or a copper based alloy, suitable reactive elements include zirconium, titanium, chromium and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the formation of bodies having graded properties. Particularly, the invention provides a method for forming a metal matrix composite body having graded properties. The graded properties are achieved by, for example, locating differing amounts of filler material in different portions of a formed body and/or locating different compositions of filler material in different portions of a formed body and/or locating different sizes of filler materials in different portions of a formed body. In addition, the invention provides for the formation of macrocomposite bodies wherein, for example, an excess of matrix metal can be integrally bonded or attached to a graded metal matrix composite portion of a macrocomposite body.

Abstract: A method of producing long size preform is disclosed in which: a long size cylindrical collector extended in a manner penetrating a chamber is moved lengthwise thereof while it is rotated; a preheated metal layer is formed on the outer periphery of the collector by adhering a molten metal to the collector within the chamber at the upstream side in the traveling direction of the collector; and a molten metal is caused to be cumulated by spray deposit on the metal layer formed on the outer periphery of the collector by spraying the molten metal from the ceiling within the chamber at the downstream side in the traveling direction of the collector by way of an atomizer which ejects an inert gas. By using this method, porosity occurring on the collector side of the preform may be inhibited.

Abstract: A method of casting metal material wherein metallic metal is deposited on a foil moving underneath the feeding means for the molten metal and is supported on a supporting substrate. The foil is formed with side edges before receiving a deposit of molten metal to contain the flow of molten metal thereon in a direction transverse to the direction of movement of the foil.

Abstract: Two kinds of molten steels are poured into a continuous casting mold. Direct current magnetic flux is applied which direct current magnetic flux extends in a direction transverse to the thickness (corresponding to the thickness of a casting slab) of the poured content at a position of a certain height of the mold. The molten steels are supplied above and below a boundary of static magnetic fields formed by the direct current magnetic flux longitudinally or in a casting direction. When a difference (.DELTA..rho.) between a density .rho..sub.1 of the molten steel for an outer layer supplied above the static magnetic fields and a density .rho..sub.2 of the molten steel for an inner layer supplied below the static magnetic fields, is expressed by .DELTA..rho.=.rho..sub.1 -.rho..sub.2 (g/cm.sup.3), a density (tesla) of the direct current magnetic flux is determined by the following formula:a) in case of .DELTA..rho.<0B.gtoreq.[2.83.times.(.DELTA..rho.).sup.2 +1.68.times..DELTA..rho.+0.30]b) in case of 0.ltoreq.

Abstract: Metal ingots are mold cast at a smelter with a solid, unmelted alloy or metallurgical additive body placed in the mold so that the molten metal in the ingot solidifies around the body. The metal and body in the ingot are melted at a foundry to freshly distribute the melted alloy or metallurgical additive material in the body throughout the remelted ingot metal immediately before casting useful articles from the melted ingot.