Abstract: A method for the temperature balancing control of a plurality of heat exchangers wherein, in case of operating the heat exchangers connected in parallel, the temperatures of a medium to-be-heated on the outlet sides of the respective heat exchangers are balanced. According to the method, the temperatures of the same positions of the heat exchangers except for the inlets thereof for the medium to-be-heated are sensed, the respective sensed values are compared with a temperature setting value so as to calculate control signals, all the control signals are subsequently revised so that the maximum value among the control signals may agree with a preset control reference value, and temperature regulation means disposed for the respective heat exchangers are controlled on the basis of the revised control signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for increasing the heat flow density of heat exchangers having at least one gaseous fluid flowing therethrough at a high velocity. In one form of the method, which may be used in motor vehicles, the energy for the acceleration of the gaseous fluid is taken from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. In this respect, an exhaust gas heat exchanger used for vehicle interior heating, or a heat exchanger used for cooling the engine coolant, may be used. In order to increase the energy content of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas undergoes a pressure build-up. The waste heat of the exhaust gas may thus be used at low engine loads, with a relatively low need for engine cooling and a relatively high need for interior heating, in order to increase the heat flow density at the exhaust gas heat exchanger for vehicle heating.

Abstract: A heat exchanger with two bundles of tubes is employed to cool the hot gases deriving from the synthesis of ammonia. The two bundles communicate directly at the incoming-gas end and through a reversing chamber positioned between them at the outgoing-gas end. The first bundle is surrounded by several chambers with separate media flowing through them. The second bundle is provided with still another separate medium flowthrough.

Abstract: Structures fabricated from modules of permeable concrete provide heat storage and transfer capability. Such structures derive solar energy directly, store it within the modules for future use in a building, or it can withdraw heat from a building and dispose of it to the sky with little utility derived energy. After erection without mortar both surfaces are coated with fiber filled mastic for strength and to enclose an air circulation system. Each module has a central bin filled with gravel and two planar ducts between each end and the central bin. Air injected into the first, from the outside end, duct removes heat from the surface, distributes the heat by uniform transverse flow to warm the gravel and exits through the third duct. Similarly, at useful times, it removes heat from the gravel and warms the interior surface. At other times and by the same process heat is removed from the interior surface and stored; later it is transferred to the exterior surface and radiated into space.

Abstract: An assembly and method provide for the simultaneous heating of process inlet water from a clean water source, and condensing of a condensable gas using the process inlet water and a closed loop of condensing water. A plurality of pairs of condenser plates are disposed in an annular array in a vertical cylindrical vessel. First and second liquid inlets are disposed at the top of the vessel separated by a radially extending fixed baffle, and first and second liquid outlets are disposed at the bottom of the vessel separated by a radially extending fixed baffle. A condensable gas passes through the interiors of the pairs of condensing plates. Movable top and bottom baffles are rotatable through arcs to change the number of condensing plates operatively communicating the first liquid inlet with respect to the second liquid inlet, the liquid flowing between the first liquid inlet and outlet being always segregated from the liquid flowing between the second liquid inlet and outlet.

Abstract: There is disclosed a mechanical draft, vacuum steam condenser for use in steam turbine power plant service which permits the operator to turn selected air moving fans on or off in order to control the quantity of air flow over the tubes of the tube bundles without interfering with the removal of non-condensible gases from the bundles serviced by the other fans.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multiple heat exchanger system utilizing an inlet manifold to distribute the flow of thermoplastic material from an extruder to the inlet ends of each of the heat exchangers, and a discharge manifold to converge the flow of thermoplastic material from the discharge ends of each of the heat exchangers and to direct the flow to an extrusion die. The inlet and outlet manifolds include a main port in communication with a plurality of passageways within the manifold to allow flow between a main conduit in communication with the main port and a plurality of distribution conduits in communication with each of the heat exchangers. A flow control means positioned at each distribution port includes a sleeve, having a flow space therethrough, axially aligned within both the distribution port and distribution conduit. The distribution conduit includes a plurality of orifices about the circumference thereof in communication with the heat exchanger for the flow of thermoplastic material.

Abstract: A variable volume multizone unit is disclosed for simultaneously supplying variable amounts of cool, warm or neutral air to each zone, as required. The unit is under the overall control of a computer and controls dampers located at the unit to regulate the flow of cool and neutral or warm air to each zone individually and to control the total amount of air supplied to all of the zone.

Abstract: An air conditioning system is disclosed for adjusting air temperature and humidity to a predetermined level for the air supply to a paint spray booth. The system includes a multi-section sprayed surface heat exchanger combined with a bypass passage such that a portion of the air flow to be conditioned passes through the multi-section heat exchanger and the remainder of the flow bypasses the same, and is recombined and mixed downstream with the conditioned air to produce a mixture which is at the proper dry bulb temperature and relative humidity. Each multi-section heat exchanger may be shut off to increase the proportion of bypass flow. Modulation of the cooling and heating effect of each of the heat exchangers is achieved by modulating valving controlling the flow of heating or cooling medium. Similarly, the humidification effect is controlled by valving controlling a number of water spray nozzles.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the temperature and humidity of air to be conditioned are disclosed. A fan coil unit incorporates a heat exchanger and a bypass area. The bypass area includes a damper assembly for apportioning the air flow between the bypass area and the heat exchanger such that humidity control of the air flowing therethrough may be obtained.

Abstract: An automobile air-conditioning system in which a single ventilation unit for supplying the conditioned air to a compartment is divided into two parts, and the air passing through each part is adapted to be controlled respectively. The compartment is divided into at least three air-conditioning zones of the front right, front left and rear seat zones so that a plurality of air outlets may supply air to the respective air-conditioning zones. The air respectively temperature-controlled is selectively supplied to each of the air outlets.

Abstract: A regenerative incinerator comprising at least two vertical heat exchanger chambers each having horizontal grates in an intermediate region thereof, a combustion chamber above the heat exchanger chambers connected at its bottom side to the top side of the heat exchanger chambers and an inlet duct connected into a region below the grates of each of the heat exchange chambers. A first valve resides in each of the inlet ducts and an exhaust duct is connected to another region below the grate of each heat exchanger chamber. A second valve resides in each exhaust duct and a timing means is provided having alternating first and second cycles, the first cycle of the timing means opening a portion of the valves and closing the second valves of the heat exchanger chambers having open first valves and opening a second valve of another heat exchanger chamber having a closed first valve and the second cycle of the timing means closing the first valve and opening the second valve of the heat exchanger chambers.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a space of which the temperature is to be controlled, comprising apparatus to provide a path for circulation of cooling air to the space, apparatus to provide a path for circulation of warming air to the space, and apparatus operable to induce circulation of air in either of the paths and simultaneously prevent gravity circulation of air in the other air.

Abstract: A thermal storage heater system for heating fluids includes a storage tank for accumulating and storing energy in the form of a quantity liquid heated to a high temperature by an electric immersion heating element in the tank. A source of a first fluid to be heated is connected to the inlets of pilot and primary heat exchangers immersed in the high temperature liquid for transferring heat to the first fluid. A first circuit connects the outlet of the pilot heat exchanger to a point of use. A second fluid circuit connects the outlet of the primary heat exchanger to the point of use and includes a spring-loaded pressure sensitive check valve responsive to the flow rate in the first circuit for regulating the flow of fluid through the primary heat exchanger in response to a change in flow indicative of insufficient heating of the fluid by the pilot heat exchanger. The system includes an additional heat exchanger for heating a second fluid to be heated.

Abstract: A face-and-bypass heating coil has features which allow the device to be mounted either horizontally or vertically without loss of mechanical or thermal efficiency. The invention includes a frame comprising a pair of side panels which support the working mechanism, and upper and lower panels. A plurality of fixed partitions are attached between the upper and lower panels. A plurality of movable dampers are mounted on shafts and supported by linear ball bearings such that the movable dampers may selectively mate with the fixed partitions. A crank linkage is used to drive the movable dampers into and away from the fixed partitions. The elastic U-shaped structure of the movable dampers resiliently mates with the fixed partitions so as to form a substantially leak-proof seal around the heating tubes.

Abstract: A service module has an internal combustion engine to drive an air compressor and/or other equipment. The internal combustion engine has a cooling system including first and second indirect heat exchangers. A housing is provided including a blower, with a fixed baffle in the housing dividing the air output from the blower into first and second paths. The first and second indirect heat exchangers are located on each in the air paths. A three-way valve located in the cooling system directs the cooling fluid to one or the other of the two heat exchangers.

Abstract: In a system for evacuating fluids having vapor and gaseous phases, including a liquid ring pump, the seal liquid for which is provided in a closed system and is cooled by a heat exchanger through cooling liquid fed to the heat exhanger from outside the system, means are provided for diverting the seal liquid through a chiller when the temperature of the cooling liquid approaches the temperature of the gas/liquid mixture entering the pump. The chiller maintains the seal liquid temperature below the temperature of the cooling liquid in the heat exchanger and the cooling liquid is used in the chiller to receive the heat rejected from the seal liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus for improving the preheating of pulverous materials, their introduction into melting furnaces, and their melting therein, with application to the recycling of some of the vitrifiable starting materials delivered to a tank furnace for glass making through a heat exchanger to raise its entry level temperature.

Abstract: The change-over means employs two three-way valves and two non-return valves for affecting a switch over in the sequence of flow through the four flow elements. Each three-way valve is constructed with a closure member which may only close one of the inlets of a pair of inlets of the valve or one of the outlets of a pair of outlets of the valve. The valves are arranged so as to switch the flow from a sequence of A-B-C-D to a sequence of A-C-B-D.

Abstract: A single housing contains heating and air cooling units but in separate chambers and a single blower is selectively movable to force air into and through the respective chambers as desired for cooling or heating and outlets from the separate chambers to a common plenum are closed off depending upon which of the chambers is being fed by the blower.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preheating of pulverous materials in a tube heat exchanger prior to their introduction into a melting furnace, with particular application to the delivery by gravity of the vitrifiable starting materials through the heat exchanger to eliminate moisture therefrom prior to introduction of the essentially moisture-free materials into a tank furnace for glass making. The preheating serves to raise the entry-level temperature of the glass batch material and improve furnace fuel efficiency. The preheating involves recirculating at least part of the pulverous glass batch material through the open-ended tubes of the tubular heat exchanger to heat the same and remove moisture therefrom prior to initiating delivery of the glass batch material in preheated condition to the glass melting furnace. The present method is specifically directed at maintaining continuous operation of the preheater upon interruption of material flow through the preheater tubes for any reason.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for initiating the preheating of pulverous materials in a tubular heat exchanger prior to their introduction into a melting furnace, with particular application to the recycling of all of the vitrifiable starting materials through the heat exchanger to eliminate moisture therefrom prior to delivery to a tank furnace for glass making to raise its entry-level temperature and improve furnace efficiency. The method involves rapidly recirculating all of the moisture-containing pulverous glass batch material through the open-ended tubes of a tubular sheet exchanger to heat the same and collect and remove moisture therefrom prior to initiation of delivery of any of the glass batch material in preheated condition to the glass melting furnace. The subject invention, as hereinafter described, is of particular utility to the glass industry, but it is to be understood that it is also applicable to other types of preheaters and furnaces.

Abstract: An air-cleaning, heat-exchange apparatus includes a main housing portion connected by means of an air inlet fan to the kitchen exhaust stack of a restaurant. The apparatus includes a plurality of heat exchangers through which a heat-absorptive fluid is circulated, simultaneously, by means of a suitable fluid pump. These heat exchangers absorb heat from the hot exhaust gas, out of the exhaust stack of the restaurant, which flows over and through these heat exchangers and transfers this heat to the circulating fluid which communicates with remote heat exchangers. These remote heat exchangers further transfer this heat to a stream of air, such as that from a cold-air return duct for supplementing the conventional heating system of the restaurant. Due to the fact that such hot exhaust gas is heavily grease laden, grease will be deposited on virtually all internal surfaces of the apparatus which this exhaust gas contacts.

Abstract: A radiator for low-pressure steam heating systems comprises at least two chambers, which constitute respective radiator elements. Consecutive elements are interconnected in an upper portion and in a lower portion. The upper portion of each element is connected to a low-pressure steam source. The lower portion of each element is connected to a condensate trap. At least individual ones of the elements are adapted to be shut off from the steam supply.

Abstract: Apparatus for the transfer of substances between two fluids with the simultaneous tempering of at least one of the fluids. The apparatus includes at least one heat permeable membrane having first and second opposing surfaces for the transfer of heat therethrough. First and second fluid conducting means are provided for conducting a first and second fluid, respectively. Transfer means are provided for transferring substances between the first and second fluids. The second fluid conducting means conducts the second fluid along the first surface of the heat permeable membrane and third fluid conducting means are providing for conducting a third fluid along the second surface of the heat permeable membrane for tempering the second fluid. According to the preferred embodiment, the transfer means may comprise either means for directly mixing the first fluid into the second fluid or may comprise a semipermeable membrane for diffusing substances therethrough between the first and second fluids.

Abstract: A pressure vessel comprising a cylindrical stress liner, a pair of end plates, a plurality of annular shrink rings positioned about the circumference of the stress liner, and a plurality of coolant-filled annular cooling coils positioned about the shrink rings is disclosed. Nonuniform stress producing bending stresses in the shrink rings are eliminated by the method comprising the steps for detecting a stress concentration in a shrink ring and causing coolant to be recirculated from a reservoir through the coil about the shrink ring.

Abstract: Method and device for defrosting or deicing heat exchangers of the type in which a stream of warm, moist gas, such as warm, used ventilating air--so-called exhaust air--exchanges heat with a cooler medium, such as incoming fresh air, in a contact apparatus, and in which the two media flow through a large number of parallel layers separated from each other by thin walls.

Abstract: A cooling tower in which the heat exchangers are arranged to form radially spaced concentric vertical cylinder walls, with air shields being positioned between the concentric cylinder walls to direct air flow through the exchangers. The air shields are upwardly inclined toward the tower center to approximate natural air flow.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for control of the climatic environment of an underground enclosure having at least one source tending to emit a quantity of extraneous heat and associated with premises presenting a potential need for heating. Utilization is made directly of the regulating characteristics of the ground at a depth taking account of thermal inertia in order to enable the ground to operate as a heat source or thermal absorbent. For this purpose, apparatus is provided which is arranged entirely under the level of the ground at a mean depth which should not exceed 10 m, at latitudes in France, but this depth is variable according to the particular geological nature of the terrain. To take advantage of the thermal buffer the temperature of which is generally about 12.degree. C. in the Parisian region, the apparatus includes a wall structure with some of the walls formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal exchange.

Abstract: A recuperator structure for recovering heat values from a hot gas stream comprising exhaust gases from a combustion burner supplied with combustion air for burning a fuel in which a heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the hot exhaust gases and the combustion air for preheating the combustion air and including a variable temperature control for selectively restricting the volumetric flow of either the air or the exhaust gases or both through the heat exchanger in order to control the temperature in the heat exchanger.One of the features of this invention is to provide a recuperator structure for recovering heat values by extracting heat in a heat exchanger from the hot exhaust gases from a combustion burner and using this heat in the exchanger to preheat the combustion air to the burner and including means for controlling the temperature in the heat exchanger by controlling the volumetric flow of either the combustion air or the exhaust gases or both through the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A damper assembly adapted to be affixed to an air-handling unit at an installation site including a plurality of adjacent damper assembly units adapted to be mounted with and for regulating air flow from the air-handling unit, the damper assembly unit having an interlocking structure for interlocking adjacent damper assembly units theretogether. Further, the damper assembly has a damper structure for simultaneously and independently controlling the relative mixing proportions of heated air and cooled air with ambient air for use with a multi-zone air-handling unit.

Abstract: The system for condensing gases such as steam includes a housing with a gas inlet. At least one vertical column of vertically spaced separate tube bundles are in the housing. A separate water conduit is connected to the inlet of each of the separate tube bundles.

Abstract: A system for using solar heat to supplement the heat supplied by a conventional furnace in a house. Solar energy collector panels include conduits for the flow of water, the conduits heating water in a cistern. Heated water from the cistern is pumped through a heat exchanger located in an auxiliary duct communicating with the duct system in the house, the duct system also being connected with the conventional furnace. An air valve is movable between positions closing communication between the auxiliary duct and the duct system, while leaving open the communication between the furnace and the duct system, and opening communication between the auxiliary duct and the duct system, while closing communication between the furnace and the duct, to thereby heat air in the duct system from the furnace or the solar-heated water, respectively.

Abstract: A gaseous source of waste energy, including heat, is passed through a gas to liquid heat exchanger and then a chiller to agitate a water bath and produce evaporation of water for cooling. The heated transfer liquid is passed through a heat exchanger to heat makeup air or the like, while, alternatively, chilled water from the chiller is passed through the heat exchanger to cool the makeup air. The source of waste energy, including heat, is normally a grease extraction ventilator mounted to receive fumes and heated air from cooking equipment. Any other source of waste energy is normally suitable, such as heated air which has risen to the upper portion of a large room or enclosure, such as an auditorium, theater, meeting hall or the like. The heated air removed from such a position is adapted in part to be recirculated, but all of it may be used to furnish heat for heating fresh makeup air. Several forms of chiller, including specialized double compartment chillers, are disclosed.

Abstract: A heating and air conditioning system and a special variable volume terminal box associated therewith, the system utilizing energy dissipated by the lighting and other building facilities in a controlled manner through the functioning of the variable volume terminal box.

Abstract: A solar heating method and apparatus adapted to provide long term optimum efficiency in heat transfer of fluid flowing through a pipe assembly is disclosed. The pipe assembly includes a plurality of longitudinal pipe sections which may be connected either in series or parallel and each longitudinal pipe section has a removable cap or plug at one end thereof for inserting a brush mounted on the end of a rod which is rotated by a power tool for cleaning the inside of each of the sections to prevent the accumulation of excessive scale on the inside of the pipe assembly. In the parallel assembly, each pipe section communicates with a manifold, and a plug assembly is adapted to be inserted into each section to control the flow of fluid from the pipe section to the manifold to provide optimum uniform flow of fluid through each pipe section and to protect the pipe section from erosion.

Abstract: A variable air volume system for processing an enclosure is shown and described. The system includes an improved damper assembly, having independently operated damper elements, and an air mover control responsive to the damper assembly.

Abstract: An integrated unit for manufacturing food products, the food being processed in a vat having a double-wall defining a jacket which surrounds the vat chamber. Associated with the vat are two tanks, one containing a heated liquid and the other a cooled liquid. A selective valve arrangement is provided to recirculate the heated liquid from the hot tank through a closed circuit or to circulate it through the jacket to heat the vat contents, or to recirculate the cooled liquid from the cold tank through a closed circuit or to circulate it through the jacket to cool the vat contents.

Abstract: A method for converting an air conditioning system, for cooling an environment, having respective hot and cold air supply ducts and a dual duct terminal box wherein the hot and cold air is mixed to achieve a desired temperature for delivery to the environment, to a more efficient system by replacing the hot deck of the hot air duct with a cold deck similar to that of the cold air duct and replacing the dual duct box connected to both ducts with one or more types of terminal boxes capable of varying the volume of delivered cooled air to control room temperature. The variable volume terminal boxes may have either limited or unlimited volume variation capability and those with limited variation may be provided with means for heating the residual constant volume furnished at the lower limit of volume variation. The invention also provides for increasing the cooling ability of a system through the use of higher capacity terminal boxes.

Abstract: The heating and cooling system for a multiple coil installation includes a bypass passage or conduit provided with a check valve which is closed when the pump of either the heating circuit or the cooling circuit is energized and which is opened when the pumps of the heating circuit and the cooling circuit are not energized whereby a third pump which operates continuously, is effective when the check valve is open to continuously circulate the water in a closed path through the bypass circuit which is interconnected to the inlet and outlet sides of the multiple coil installation, thus bypassing the heating and cooling circuits.

Abstract: An air flow control mechanism for use in a radiator system of the type having a radiator core constructed from a plurality of parallel core sections which are equally spaced apart and aligned in a single row with the opposing faces of adjacent core sections being open to provide air flow passageways through each core sections at right angles to the cooling air directed at the front of the radiator core. The radiator air flow control mechanism comprises gate means operatively connected in each of the spaces between adjacent core sections to pivot between a first and second position, where the gate means in the first position directs the cooling air through each of the core sections' air flow passageways in one direction and where the gate means in the second position reverses the direction of flow through each of these passageways. A drive means is provided for reciprocally moving the gate means between the first and second positions.

Abstract: A ventilating system which affords recuperative heat exchange between the supply air and the spent air and which incorporates a refrigerating machine as a heat pump which may be operated either to supplement the recuperative heat exchange or to cool the supply air without recuperative heat exchange between the supply air and the spent air. The system includes a heat exchanger in the supply-air duct and a second heat exchanger in the spent-air duct. The two heat exchangers are interconnected in a fluid circuit so that during the heating season, the fluid is heated by the spent air to warm the supply air. When the refrigerating machine is operting as a heat pump, the fluid discharged from the supply-air heat exchanger is passed through the evaporator and the fluid passing from the spent-air exchanger to the supply-air exchanger is passed through the condenser.

Abstract: An apparatus for precipitating and separating a material in a solid form from a gaseous mixture. The substance which is settling in solid form can be very simply prevented from accumulating near the inlet by providing at least one channel with at least one controllable bypass.

Abstract: A device which is a natural circulation cooling water system, comprising coolers made up of several rows of vertical tubes for cooling water, a header supplying cooling water to said tubes from a separating tank, being referred hereinafter to as a separator, and a header discharging steam-water mixture from the coolers to the separator.Both the inlets and outlets of the rows of the cooler tubes are in addition individually connected through cutoff means to a service water supply pipe and to a drain pipeline accordingly. The cutoff means are designed so that when they are placed in one position the tubes are connected to the cooling water natural circulation system while in another position they are coupled to a service water cooling system.

Abstract: A sliding damper plate is positioned between the blower and heat exchanger of a down draft gun-type furance for mobile home usage and includes cam means at opposite ends thereof for actuating associated switches coupled to the furnace and air conditioning control circuits. When the damper is closed to cut off the flow path through the furnace to permit a separate air conditioner unit to utilize the existing heating ductwork in a mobile home, one of the switches is actuated to permit operation of the air conditioning unit. Alternatively, when the damper is moved to an open position for heating operation, the air conditioning unit is inactivated and a second switch closed by the cam to permit furnace operation. If the damper is partially open or closed, both the furnace and air conditioning unit are deactivated.

Abstract: The arrangement of the individual air dampers with respect to the heating coils in a vertical tube face and bypass air treatment unit such that the dampers each move laterally across the coils results in a substantial reduction in the number of moving parts required to control air flow around the coils. Selective proportioning of the air flow is accomplished by splitting each damper into two sections and permanently fixing one section with respect to the coil set while allowing the other section to slide across the face of the coil set in mating relationship with the fixed section.