Abstract: A dual fluid heat exchange system is presented that provides a stable output temperature for a heated fluid while minimizing the output temperature of a cooled fluid. The heated and cooled fluids are brought into thermal contact with each other within a tank. The output temperature of the warmed fluid is maintained at a stable temperature by a re-circulation loop that connects directly to the mid portion of the tank such that the re-circulated fluid flow primarily warms only a re-circulation section of the tank. The other, lower flow rate, section of the tank may be positioned so that it has a cooler temperature and thus serves to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange by extracting extra heat energy out of the cooled fluid before it leaves the tank. Alternatively, the low flow rate section of the tank may be warmer than the re-circulated section, and thus allow the re-circulated section to be cooler than the output temperature of the warmed fluid.

Abstract: A fan unit for a cooling system in an automobile, comprises an electric motor comprising a rotor and a stator, wherein the stator is formed in the centre of the electric motor and the rotor is arranged radially outwards around the stator, a heat sink adjacent to the stator shaft comprising electronic components comprising heat fins fixed to the circumference of the heat sink and a fan hub, fixedly connected to the rotor of the electric motor and located radially outwards of the rotor, the fan hub extends in the direction of the heat sink and comprises fan blades to generate an air flow, wherein the fan hub further comprises a radial impeller that is located adjacent to the heat fins of the impeller.

Abstract: A dual fluid heat exchange system is presented that provides a stable output temperature for a heated fluid while minimizing the output temperature of a cooled fluid. The heated and cooled fluids are brought into thermal contact with each other within a tank. The output temperature of the warmed fluid is maintained at a stable temperature by a re-circulation loop that connects directly to the mid portion of the tank such that the re-circulated fluid flow primarily warms only a re-circulation section of the tank. The other, lower flow rate, section of the tank may be positioned so that it has a cooler temperature and thus serves to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange by extracting extra heat energy out of the cooled fluid before it leaves the tank. Alternatively, the low flow rate section of the tank may be warmer than the re-circulated section, and thus allow the re-circulated section to be cooler than the output temperature of the warmed fluid.

Abstract: An atmospheric water generation system with high efficiency is based on a counter flowing heat exchanger including multiple cold channels, each cold channel surrounded by multiple hot channels. The hot and warm gases flow in opposite directions, allowing the cool dry air to contribute to cooling the warm humid air to the dew point. Thermoelectric or passive cooling of the warm humid air, and hydrophobic surfaces in a cyclone structure also contribute in increasing the efficiency of the water generation system.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system (20) has a compartment (22) and a vapor compression refrigeration system (30). The vapor compression refrigeration system (30) has: a compressor (32); a first heat exchanger (34) downstream of the compressor along a refrigerant flowpath in a cooling mode; an expansion device (36); a second heat exchanger (38) downstream of the expansion device along the refrigerant flowpath; and a fan (42) for driving air along an air flowpath across the second heat exchanger for cooling the compartment in the cooling mode. A thermochemical refrigeration system (100) is coupled to the vapor compression refrigeration system downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger along the refrigerant flowpath in the cooling mode.

Abstract: A returnless fuel supply system applicable to an LPG vehicle is provided. The system supplies LPG fuel from an LPG bombe to an engine at a predetermined pressure or greater and prevents the generation of vapor in the LPG fuel, thereby eliminating a need to return a portion of the LPG fuel supplied to the engine to the LPG bombe. Through the application of the returnless fuel supply system that does not return the high temperature fuel to the LPG bombe, the cause of the internal pressure increase in the LPG bombe is eliminated, and thus efficient refueling of LPG bombe with LPG fuel is achieved.

Abstract: A continuous distillation-type trichlorosilane vaporization supply apparatus includes an evaporator including an introduction port for hydrogen gas as a carrier gas and having a heater that vaporizes liquid trichlorosilane; and a condenser including a cooling device to condense liquid at a temperature corresponding to a saturated vapor pressure, which is lower than a vapor pressure of the vaporized trichlorosilane gas, wherein a center line of the evaporator and a center line of the condenser are not on the same line, and a lower end of the condenser has a structure that communicates with a lower end of the evaporator through a pipe.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus is disclosed with a base plate for receiving a heat load from an electric component, an evaporator, a condenser, and a connecting piece for passing fluid from the evaporator to the condenser. In order to efficiently fill the evaporator, the cooling apparatus is provided with a pump for pumping fluid from the condenser to the evaporator.

Abstract: Material handling systems for fluids are disclosed herein. The fluid may be a liquid, solution, slurry, or emulsion. The systems receive as inputs the fluid, steam, and water. These feed into a surge tank where additives can be introduced. The steam and water are used to control some physical properties and enable the distribution of the fluid as desired. In particular embodiments, the system is useful for handling materials to be sent to a dual-phase fuel feeder for combustion in a fluidized-bed boiler, the energy being used to generate electricity or in various production processes.

Abstract: A dual fluid heat exchange system is presented that provides a stable output temperature for a heated fluid while minimizing the output temperature of a cooled fluid. The heated and cooled fluids are brought into thermal contact with each other within a tank. The output temperature of the warmed fluid is maintained at a stable temperature by a re-circulation loop that connects directly to the mid portion of the tank such that the re-circulated fluid flow primarily warms only a re-circulation section of the tank. The other, lower flow rate, section of the tank may be positioned so that it has a cooler temperature and thus serves to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange by extracting extra heat energy out of the cooled fluid before it leaves the tank. Alternatively, the low flow rate section of the tank may be warmer than the re-circulated section, and thus allow the re-circulated section to be cooler than the output temperature of the warmed fluid.

Abstract: A grey water heat recovery apparatus has first and second passes arranged in counter-flow orientation. The heat recovery apparatus is made from commonly available materials. It has a hot side for grey water, and a cold side for fresh water under pressure. The heat recovery apparatus extracts heat from grey water to pre-heat water for a water heater. The fresh water is carried in passes in series, each pass being immersed in a grey water sump in a plastic pipe. The water level in the sump is high enough to immerse the dominant portion of the fresh water pass in grey water. Both ends of the fresh water coil are carried out through the same upper end pipe closure, without a penetration in the pipe wall. The entire assembly may be enclosed in a unitary external housing with easily accessible connection fittings.

Abstract: A V-belt type continuously variable transmission of an air-cooled type mounted on a vehicle. The V-belt type continuously variable transmission includes an intake port for taking air into the V-belt type continuously variable transmission, and an exhaust port for exhausting air from the V-belt type continuously variable transmission. The V-belt type continuously variable transmission further includes at least one of an electric intake fan connected to the intake port directly or via an intake duct, and an electric exhaust fan connected to the exhaust port directly or via an exhaust duct.

Abstract: A phantom system has a housing (2) with a lower part (3) having an opening in the z-direction and a cover part (4) for closing the opening of the housing (2). A first plate-shaped insert element (10a) has at least one depression (11a) for receiving a liquid substance. The lower part (3) and the cover part (4) delimit a cavity (5) with an insert area (8), which is constituted to receive the first insert element (10a). A first sealing element (14a) seals the first insert element (10a) against the cavity (5) and a fixing facility fixes the first insert element (10a) in the cavity (4) of the housing (2) in an operating state of the MPI phantom. The phantom permits good contrast in MPI, MRI, or ?CT using liquid contrast media.

Abstract: The invention is a method for deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising acid compounds, such as CO2 and/or H2S, and a device for implementing the method, through contact with a demixing absorbent solution. Regeneration is performed by vapor injection into the liquid guard (202) formed by the regenerated absorbent solution in the bottom of regeneration column (G). The vapor is generated within a reboiler (203) from a fraction of the regenerated absorbent solution withdrawn from the regeneration column. Vapor injection enables convective movement of the liquid for preventing any decantation phenomenon in the bottom of the regeneration column bottom which is harmful to the smooth operation of the deacidizing process.

Abstract: A distribution structure of a heat exchanger includes one inlet pipe connected to a header. The heat exchanger includes a first header having a first chamber and a second chamber, a second header having a third chamber and a fourth chamber, and a plurality of tubes arranged in a plurality of rows. An inlet pipe is connected to the first chamber and an outlet pipe is connected to the second chamber. A distributer distributes the refrigerant flowing into the first chamber to the tubes of the front row, the distributor includes a first separating baffle dividing the first chamber into a mixing chamber in which the refrigerant is mixed and a supplying chamber for supplying the refrigerant to the tubes, a distribution pipe communicating the mixing chamber with the supplying chamber, and a second separating baffle dividing the supplying chamber into a plurality of independent chambers.

Abstract: An assembly is provided for freezing a plurality of conditioning tubes each filled with a predetermined volume of biological substance, in which each of the tubes is driven in rotation in a flow of cooling agent, the assembly including a cooling enclosure configured in order to be passed through by the flow of cooling agent and a conditioning unit which is removable and placed in the enclosure; the unit is provided with a greater capacity than the plurality of tubes in order to directly receive this plurality of the tubes, the enclosure is fixed and the assembly includes a unit for driving the conditioning unit in rotation, which unit for driving in rotation is provided with a connection interface on which the removable conditioning unit is placed.

Abstract: An ejector has a swirling space, a pressure reducing space, a suction passage, a pressure increasing space, a nozzle passage, a diffuser passage, a passage forming member that forms the nozzle passage and the diffuser passage, and a vibration suppressing portion that suppresses a vibration of the passage forming member. The vibration suppressing portion has (i) a first elastic member that applies a load to the passage forming member in a direction in which an area of a cross section perpendicular to the direction of the central axis of the nozzle passage and the diffuser passage decreases and (ii) a second elastic member that applies a load to the passage forming member in a direction opposite from the direction in which the first elastic member applies the load to the passage forming member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sub-zero treatment device capable of uniformly cooling a cooling target object and reducing the amount of liquid refrigerant used for cooling the cooling target object. The sub-zero treatment device has an exhaust member extending from a through-hole provided in a cooling tank constituting a cooling target object mounting chamber through to the interior of the cooling target object mounting chamber, and having an exhaust port, wherein the exhaust port is disposed in an exhaust port positioning space, which is the space located in the upper half of the cooling target object mounting chamber and having a width in the transverse direction that is equal to the maximum width in the transverse direction of the suction port.

Abstract: A dual fluid heat exchange system is presented that provides a stable output temperature for a heated fluid while minimizing the output temperature of a cooled fluid. The heated and cooled fluids are brought into thermal contact with each other within a tank. The output temperature of the warmed fluid is maintained at a stable temperature by a re-circulation loop that connects directly to the mid portion of the tank such that the re-circulated fluid flow primarily warms only a re-circulation section of the tank. The other, lower flow rate, section of the tank may be positioned so that it has a cooler temperature and thus serves to increase the efficiency of the heat exchange by extracting extra heat energy out of the cooled fluid before it leaves the tank. Alternatively, the low flow rate section of the tank may be warmer than the re-circulated section, and thus allow the re-circulated section to be cooler than the output temperature of the warmed fluid.

Abstract: A substrate processing system is described that has a reactor and a gas panel, and a common exhaust for the reactor and the gas panel. An exhaust conduit from the reactor is routed to the gas panel, and exhaust gases from the reactor are used to purge the gas panel. Gases from the reactor may be cooled before flowing to the gas panel.

Abstract: A method of remanufacturing a shell of a heat exchanger is provided. The shell has an inner surface that defines an inner diameter thereof and the inner surface has a worn portion adjacent to an end of the shell. The method includes machining the inner surface to remove the worn portion and machining to form a tapered surface adjacent to the end of the shell. A diameter of the tapered surface increases progressively from the inner diameter of the shell to a maximum diameter at the end of the shell.

Abstract: A personal cooling assembly includes a housing. A distal edge of a perimeter wall of the housing relative to the back wall of the housing defines an opening into the housing. The housing may insertably receive an electronic device. A plurality of intakes extends through the back wall. The housing includes a plurality of ducts. The plurality of ducts each has a first end and a second end. Each of the ducts extends through the perimeter wall. The first end of each of the ducts is in fluid communication with at least one of the intakes. The second end of each of the ducts is directed outwardly from the housing. A motor is coupled to the housing. A fan is coupled to the motor. The motor rotates the fan. The fan urges air inwardly through the plurality of intakes and outwardly through the second end of the plurality of ducts.

Abstract: A heat transfer apparatus for heating and cooling a room includes a heat exchanger including a body with tubing and fins traversed by a heat transfer fluid, the heat exchanger including a first module and a second module. A plurality of helical fans downstream from the heat exchanger have axes of rotation passing between the first and second modules. A plate for storing heat is downstream from the plurality of helical fans is present. Each of the axes of rotation pass through the plate, and the plate and frame together define an air outlet configured to expel air from the apparatus in a direction parallel to the rotation axes, and define an air passage parallel to the plate from the helical fans to the air outlet, and wherein the apparatus defines an air inlet configured to draw air in a direction traverse to the rotation axes.

Abstract: A supplementary intercooler cools engine air after it has passed through the turbocharger of a vehicle's turbocharged internal combustion engine, but before it enters the engine. The unit has an inlet for capturing the turbo's air charge and an outlet for routing the air charge to the engine after passing through the intercooler. A container stores water until it is needed and a water pump transfers water from the container to the unit. This loosened bond of water is then sprayed on capacitor plates under turbo pressure to be converted into hydrogen and injected into the air intake stream making it a totally “hydrogen-on-demand” intercooler.

Abstract: A method, system or computer usable program product for providing alerts of inefficiency of an environmental conditioning system including, responsive to a cycle initiation by the environmental conditioning system, measuring a difference between an intake temperature and an outlet temperature after a predetermined period of time, and responsive to the difference being below a minimum level, generating an alert.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: According to the present invention a method for heat recovery in a device for the sterilization of biological material is provided. The present method eliminates the risk of contaminating the sterilized effluent with unsterilized biological material via the heat recovery system. In a device according to the invention, a heat recovery circuit is provided for transferring heat from the sterilized effluent stream to the biologically hazardous feed stream. Protection against contamination through leaks is obtained by maintaining at all times a pressure difference preventing biologically hazardous material from bypassing the heat treatment and flowing in the direction of the sterilized material.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of systems and methods for oxidizing gases. In some embodiments, a reaction chamber is configured to receive a fuel gas and maintain the gas at a temperature within the reaction chamber that is above an autoignition temperature of the gas. The reaction chamber may also be configured to maintain a reaction temperature within the reaction chamber below a flameout temperature. In some embodiments, heat and product gases from the oxidation process can be used, for example, to drive a turbine, reciprocating engine, and injected back into the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A system and apparatus for precision temperature control of thermal bead baths used in biological laboratories to heat biological samples is disclosed. The system has an insulated outer shell and an inner shell sealed together to form a recirculation pathway. The inner shell has an air extraction port opening into the recirculation pathway and at least one air injection port opening into the recirculation pathway. A fan is in the recirculation pathway and is positioned to draw air through the air extraction port. At least one thermal sensor is connected to a control and is disposed in close proximity to one of the air injection ports. Beads used in thermal bead baths are placed in a mesh basket inside the inner shell. The fan draws air from the inner shell through the beads and into the recirculation pathway, where the air is heated by a thermal element. The air flows past the thermal element and through the air injection ports back into the inner shell.

Abstract: A machine that improves the management of thermal energy for a residence or other building by serving as both a swimming pool 26 water heater and an attic space 22 ventilator. The heating of air within an attic space 22, resulting primarily from the insolation of the roof surface 24, is exploited to heat water 26. The device consists of an air-to-water heat exchanger coil 28, a fan 30, an air outlet passage 32 between the attic 22 and the outside air with the necessary mounting 90 and weather excluding structure 86. When water heating is not required, the device retains its attic ventilation function in order to reduce the cooling load on the air refrigeration system for the building. The device may be used as either an alternative to a fuel burning or electric powered water heater or as a means to minimize the use and expense of such heaters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for adjusting temperature by increasing gas molecular density. The method includes: filling a chamber with at least one gas to a predetermined pressure, wherein the predetermined pressure is higher than 1 atm and lower than or equal to 50 atm; flowing the gas in the chamber to a temperature adjusting device, wherein the temperature adjusting device includes a cooler and a gas returning device; cooling the gas by the cooler; and returning the gas to the chamber by the gas returning device.

Abstract: An air conditioner and a method of controlling an air conditioner are provided. The air conditioner may include a main body that defines an outer appearance of the air conditioner, at least one indoor heat exchanger disposed within the main body, a plurality of branch tubes that guides a refrigerant into the at least one indoor heat exchanger, a circulation tube connected to the plurality of branch tubes to guide the refrigerant, a bypass tube that connects one of the plurality of branch tubes to the circulation tube, and a branch tube valve disposed in the one of the plurality of branch tubes to adjust a flow of the refrigerant flowing into the one of the plurality of branch tubes. The one of the plurality of branch tubes may have a diameter less than a diameter of each of the remaining branch tubes. In a cooling mode, the refrigerant may be introduced from the circulation tube into the at least one indoor heat exchanger through the one of the plurality of branch tubes.

Abstract: A Dedicated Outdoor Air System (DOAS) includes a heater configured to be disposed within a supply air flow path, at least one pre-heater configured to be upstream from the heat exchanger within one or both of the supply and exhaust air flow paths, and a heat transfer device operatively connected to the heater and the pre-heater. The heat transfer device is configured to receive flue gas from the heater and transfer heat from the flue gas to liquid within the heat transfer device. The liquid is configured to be channeled to the pre-heater so that heat is transferred from the liquid to supply air within the supply air flow path.

Abstract: A constant temperature circulator assembly may include a circulator head assembly having a fixed display and a base ring assembly adapted for connection to a container wherein the circulator head assembly movably engages the base ring assembly so that an orientation of the fixed display may be selectively adjusted with respect to the base ring assembly.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method of circulating a cooling fluid in a cooling system. For example, provided is a system, comprising a modular unit configured to mount into a computer drive bay, comprising a pump and a reservoir, configured to gravity feed a fluid to the pump, wherein the reservoir is positioned at least partially directly above the pump.

Abstract: An aircraft heat exchanger that exchanges heat between fluid, like air, to be warmed and a medium, like a liquid, to be cooled has a first path that encounters the fluid to be warmed and carries the medium at a first temperature. A second path carries the medium at a second temperature adjacent to the first path. An insulation gap is disposed between the first path and the second path so that heat exchange between the first and second path is minimized.

Abstract: A first heat medium is circulated in a first circulating path (engine cooling circuit) of a heat source (engine) to cool the heat source down by the first heat medium, and exhaust heat from the heat source is absorbed by the first heat medium. A second heat medium is circulated in a second circulating path (exhaust heat recovering circuit) to exchange heat of exhaust air with the second heat medium, and heat of the first heat medium is exchanged with the second heat medium circulating in the second circulation path. The heat of the second medium to which heat is applied due to these heat exchanges is stored in heat storage means (heat storage tank).

Abstract: This system (S) comprises a heat exchange plate (2) defining a coolant circulation duct (6) and equipped on the one hand with connector elements (100A, 100B), and on the other hand with a volume compensating device (200) comprising a piston (230) mounted able to slide sealably relative to the plate, between a first retracted position and a second forward position. The system comprises means (8, 82, 84, 300A, 300B) for supplying the duct with coolant, said means comprising connector elements (300A, 300B) complementary to those of the plate (2). A maintaining member (400), which is secured to a first complementary connector element (300A), locks the piston (230) in its first position, when the first connector element of the plate (100A) and the first complementary connector element (300A) are coupled, and keeps the piston (230) in its first position, during separation of the first connector element of the plate (100A) and the first complementary connector element (300A).

Abstract: A fluid delivery apparatus is provided for supplying a fluid mixture to a distillation column or reactor. The apparatus can be used to enhance the heat duty, the flow and/or the flow stability of an existing thermosiphon reboiler which supplies a heated fluid to the column or reactor. The apparatus includes an integrated eductor which receives and increases the fluid velocity of a supplemental fluid into which the heated fluid is aspirated to form a fluid mixture then delivered to the column or reactor. A process and a system utilizing the apparatus are also disclosed, as well as a method of retrofitting an existing system with the apparatus.

Abstract: A startup method for a fractionator that is supplied with, and fractionally distills, a hydrocracked product obtained in a wax fraction hydrocracking step by hydrocracking a wax fraction contained within a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic oil, the method including a preheating step of preheating the fractionator using a hydrocarbon oil that includes at least a portion of the hydrocracked product and is liquid at a normal temperature and normal pressure.

Abstract: Environment conditioning system of the inner space of a data centre (2) is provided with electronic equipment (3). The system (1) includes a passive air-to-air heat exchanger (4), configured to enable heat exchange, without air cross-contamination, between an outer air flow (5) and a recirculation air flow (6). The recirculation air flow (6) comes from the inner space of a data centre (2) and it is intended to condition it after passing through the air-to-air heat exchanger (4).

Abstract: A hot water generator which has a high ability to prevent the hot water temperature from rising above a preset temperature when withdrawal of hot water is stopped. A hot water withdrawal pipe 5 of a heat exchanger 1 and a cold water intake pipe 4 thereof are connected through a circulating pipe 40 having a circulating pump 39. A cold water reservoir 42 is provided in the heat exchanger 1 on its cold water intake pipe 4 side. When withdrawal of hot water is stopped, the circulating pump 39 forces hot water in the heat exchanger 1 to circulate through the cold water reservoir 42, cold water intake pipe 4, circulating pipe 40 and hot water withdrawal pipe 5 back to the heat exchanger 1 or the circulating pump 39 forces hot water in the heat exchanger 1 to circulate through the hot water withdrawal pipe 5, circulating pipe 40, cold water intake pipe 4 and cold water reservoir 42 back to the heat exchanger 1.

Abstract: A total evaporator for fluids, including a cold chamber to prevent pre-evaporation, an evaporation region connected thereto having narrow flow cross-section for fast evaporation of the fluid, and a subsequent vapor chamber for pulsation damping and the controlled superheating of the vapor, the evaporation region being formed by a gap between concentrically nested cylindrical and/or conical tube sections and heat required for the evaporation and superheating processes is supplied by electric heating and/or by hot fluid and/or by catalytic or homogeneous combustion via the wall of the concentric tubes.

Abstract: The present invention comprises systems and methods for providing conditioned air to a selected portion of an aircraft cabin. In one embodiment, a system includes a cargo compartment air recirculation system fluidly coupled to the cargo compartment and having an air moving device to extract air from the compartment and to transport the air to an air heating device and an air cooling device fluidly coupled to the cargo compartment. Air may be supplied from an air source. Extracted air maybe discharged overboard. A temperature control system is operably coupled to the air heating device and the air cooling device, the control system being configured to maintain a predetermined air temperature within the compartment in response to a sensed compartment temperature.

Abstract: A method for isolating a leak in a closed-volume liquid system comprises circulating a fluid through a plurality of isolatable zones and a non-isolatable zone in a closed-volume liquid system, detecting a leak in the closed-volume liquid system, isolating all of the isolatable zones from the non-isolatable zone, sequentially detecting if the leak is present in the non-isolatable zone and each of isolatable zones, and taking corrective action after the leak is detected.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transporting a hydrocarbon are provided. The method can include introducing a fluid at a first pressure and a first temperature to an inlet of a pump and pressurizing the fluid within the pump to produce a pressurized fluid having a second pressure and a second temperature. The method can also include flowing at least a portion of the pressurized fluid through a first heat exchanger and back to the inlet of the pump. The heat exchanger can include a coil having an inlet and an outlet and a housing at least partially enclosing the coil and having a first opening and a second opening. A first end of the coil can be disposed proximate the first opening. The heat exchanger can also include a foundation for supporting the coil and the housing.

Abstract: A dispenser of cooled or heated liquid which in one embodiment is a server cart for an aircraft. To avoid the need for a pump, the reservoir has a cooling or heating heat exchanger that helically coils around the main reservoir, which cools from the top down or heats from the bottom up, forming a counter current. The reservoir is connected to at least two conduits, one near the cooler top of the reservoir and one near the relatively warmer bottom of the reservoir. The two conduits connect to one another at a distance from the reservoir forming a dispensing passage, thereby allowing fluid to constantly circulate through the dispensing passage due to difference in the specific gravity in the fluid caused by the temperature difference. The elimination of the pump device is especially desirable for weight sensitive environments such as an aircraft.

Abstract: A condensing heat exchange economizer wherein upwardly flowing hot flue gas is redirected to flow in a downward direction over a bundle of heat exchange tubes carrying a counter-flowing heat exchange medium to form condensate and cool the flue gas, and the condensate is forced by gravity to flow in the downward direction. The economizer may be in the form of a cylindrical economizer adapted for insertion in an exhaust stack for flue gas. The cooled flue gas may be redirected to flow in an upward direction and merged with a primary flow passage leading to the stack.