Abstract: A tank-type heat exchanger includes inlet and outlet manifold and a series of heat exchange tubes that extend between the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold. The heat exchange tubes generally resemble ribs, each of which extends about a majority of the periphery of the tank and correspond in shape to the outer wall of the tank. The ribs lie in generally parallel planes. Optional heat transfer enhancer members, which may be in the form of a series of heat transfer enhancer plates, are engaged against the tank and overlie the ribs to facilitate heat transfer.

Abstract: A heat and humidity exchange plate for an air-to-air heat exchanger is made by continuously forming an expanded metal structure from a strip of metal foil by slitting the metal foil in a transverse direction, stretching the metal foil in a longitudinal direction, and then rolling over an entire width of the strip of metal foil. The expanded metal structure is subjected to an annealing heat treatment. A vapour-permeable polymeric membrane is provided on the annealed expanded metal structure. Corrugated and embossed-shaped elements are formed on the annealed expanded metal structure with the vapour-permeable polymeric membrane by means of omnidirectional deformation. A circumferential shape of the exchange plate is formed by removing excess edges from the annealed expanded metal structure with the vapour-permeable polymeric membrane.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger, including a plurality of heat exchange members arranged in a first direction so as to be spaced apart from each other. Each of the plurality of heat exchange members includes: a heat transfer pipe extending in a second direction intersecting with the first direction; and a heat transfer plate provided to the heat transfer pipe along the second direction. The heat transfer plate includes extending portions extending away from the heat transfer pipe in a third direction intersecting with each of the first direction and the second direction. The heat transfer plate is formed separately from the heat transfer pipe.

Abstract: A flooring underlayment includes a base membrane and a cover membrane. The base membrane is configured to be installed between a subfloor and floor tiles to allow movement of the floor tiles relative to the subfloor. The cover membrane is configured to be coupled to the base membrane to form a flat surface for supporting the floor tiles. The cover membrane is configured to be coupled to the base membrane using at least one of a snug fit and a snap fit.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger, each of a plurality of heat exchange members includes: a main body portion including a heat transfer pipe; and extending portions provided to the main body. The extending portions extend from ends of the main body portion in a third direction. When a dimension of the main body portion in the third direction is represented by La, a dimension of the extending portions in the third direction is represented by Lf, a dimension of a wall thickness of each of the heat transfer pipes is represented by tp, and a thickness dimension of each of the extending portions is represented by Tf, relationships: Lf/La?1 and Tf?tp are satisfied.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, in particular an oil-air cooler, for heat exchange between a first fluid and a second fluid, having at least a first row and a second row of tubular elements for the first fluid, a flow channel for the second fluid between the first and second rows of tubular elements; a collection vessel at one end of the tubular elements; and a distribution vessel at the other end of the tubular elements. Guiding elements for guiding the second fluid extend along the flow channel between the outer sides of adjacent tubular elements of the first and second rows of tubular elements. At least one adjustment device is provided for adjusting the relative position of two guiding elements about a pivot axis.

Abstract: A laser cooling system includes a first tubing, a second tubing, and a cold plate assembly including a first channel to receive the first tubing and a second channel to receive the second tubing. A joint removably couples the first tubing to the second tubing and at least one component mounted on the cold plate assembly over the first tubing or the second tubing. The inlet end of the first tubing receives a cooling fluid and an outlet end of the second tubing discharges the cooling fluid after the cooling fluid flows through the first tubing, the joint, and the second tubing to maintain uniform a temperature of the at least one component mounted on the cold plate assembly.

Abstract: A microchannel-type aluminum heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing the same, in which a heat-exchange tube is of a microchannel-type so as to improve the efficiency of heat exchange and the microchannel-type heat-exchange tube is wound in a coil-spring shape so as to reduce the volume thereof and the area required for installation, compared to a conventional heat exchanger, thereby improving utilization of space, and in which the heat exchanger, which is composed of the coil-spring-shaped heat-exchange tube, is not provided with a header in order to simplify the structure thereof, thereby improving productivity and economic efficiency owing to reduced manufacturing costs.

Abstract: A beverage dispensing apparatus having a container containing a beverage and a dispensing tube having three sections. The first section is a cartridge formed by a frame defining a perimeter of an inner area and supporting in the inner area a channel forming a serpentine. An upstream dispensing tube section fluidly connects the interior of the container to an inlet of the channel. A downstream dispensing tube section fluidly connects an outlet of the channel to a tapping valve. The appliance is provided with a cooling unit having a first and second cooling plates separated from one another by a distance defining an insertion slot. The distance separating the cooling plates can be varied, from a loading distance, d0, allowing the introduction of the cartridge into the slot, to a cooling distance, dc<d0, where the cooling plates contact the channel and apply pressure thereon deforming the channel.

Abstract: A straight fin for a device for recovering the waste heat of raw coke oven gas in the ascension pipe of the coke oven includes the straight fin body and a group of V-shaped notches disposed on the straight fin body. The depth h of the V-shaped notches is less than the width H of the straight fin body. The distances between the adjacent V-shaped notches increase from bottom to top in the longitudinal direction of the straight fin body. The present invention further provides a heat recovering device and a power generation device both including the straight fins. Moreover, the width, the angle, and the distances in the longitudinal direction of the V-shaped notches at the top of the straight fin are determined according to the temperature field distribution during use of the device.

Abstract: A portable dehumidifier includes multiple microchannel condenser coils, a fan, a water reservoir, and a bracket. The fan is located adjacent to an airflow outlet and is configured to generate an airflow that flows into the portable dehumidifier through an airflow inlet and out of the portable dehumidifier through the airflow outlet. The airflow flows through an evaporator and the plurality of microchannel condenser coils in order to provide dehumidification to the airflow. The water reservoir is located at least partially below the evaporator and is configured to store water removed from the airflow. The water reservoir includes a top that is at least partially open to capture water falling from the evaporator. The bracket is coupled to a compressor and covers a portion of the open top of the water reservoir in order to prevent the water from spilling when the portable dehumidifier is tilted at an angle.

Abstract: An evaporator contains a heating tube, a heat exchanger for cooling the heating tube, and a means for generating an aerosol. The heat exchanger contains at least two cooling pipes, where the at least two cooling pipes are arranged such that each of the at least two cooling pipes is in physical contact with the heating tube. The means for generating the aerosol is coupled to the at least two cooling pipes.

Abstract: A description is given of a process for producing a metal plate having at least one embedded heating element and of the metal plate produced by the process. The heating element is arranged between two plate bodies, and the heating element is embedded in the plate bodies by rolling with material displacement. The adjacent sides of the plate bodies have a layer of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. After a heat pre-treatment at the re-crystallization temperature of the aluminum or the aluminum alloy, the plate bodies are pressed against one another to bring about a reduction in thickness, with which the plate bodies form a diffusion bond with one another and are integrally bonded to one another over the entire surface area thereof to form the metal plate to be produced. The process produces a metal plate as a whole with better thermal conductivity and a broader spectrum of use.

Abstract: A heat rejection system that employs temperature sensitive shape memory materials to control the heat rejection capacity of a vehicle to maintain a safe vehicle temperature. The technology provides for a wide range of heat rejection rates by varying the shape and thus effective properties of the heat rejection system in response to temperature. When employed as a radiator for crewed spacecraft thermal control this permits the use of higher freezing point, non-toxic thermal working fluids in single-loop thermal control systems for crewed vehicles in space and other extraterrestrial environments.

Abstract: Provided is a modular flooring, including a fixed frame which is internally provided with a plurality of unit boards, wherein the unit boards include long boards and short boards, and the short boards are shorter than the long boards; the long boards and the short boards are arranged in a transverse row of long and short boards, a plurality of long boards are arranged in a transverse row of long boards, the transverse row of long boards and the transverse row of long and short boards are vertically spaced, and the long boards in the transverse row of long and short boards and the long boards in the transverse row of long boards are vertically staggered; both the long boards and the short boards are made up of a frame and a panel, and props are fixed on the bottom of the rectangular frame.

Abstract: A heat exchange assembly is disclosed. In some embodiments, the heat exchange assembly includes a plurality of profiles arranged in an parallel array, each profile including a first distal portion, a central portion and a second distal portion, with a length and a width of the central portion defining a plane, the first distal portion having a curvature departing from this plane in a first direction, and the second distal portion having a curvature departing from this plane in a second direction that is opposite the first direction. An amount of piping is thermally coupled with and disposed along the length the central portion of each profile. A bracketing system statically anchors the profiles to a surface. Fluid is circulated within the piping to facilitate heat exchange between the assembly and the surrounding environment.

Abstract: Methods are provided for facilitating cooling of an electronic component. The method includes providing a liquid-cooled cold plate and a thermal spreader associated with the cold plate. The cold plate includes multiple coolant-carrying channel sections extending within the cold plate, and a thermal conduction surface with a larger surface area than a surface area of the component to be cooled. The thermal spreader includes one or more heat pipes including multiple heat pipe sections. One or more heat pipe sections are partially aligned to a first region of the cold plate, that is, where aligned to the surface to be cooled, and partially aligned to a second region of the cold plate, which is outside the first region. The one or more heat pipes facilitate distribution of heat from the electronic component to coolant-carrying channel sections of the cold plate located in the second region of the cold plate.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of thermal module assembling structure includes a step of making a heat pipe received in a channel of a base seat tightly fitted and inserted in the channel by means of mechanical processing so as to integrally connect the base seat with the heat pipe. The manufacturing method of thermal module assembling structure is able to effectively enhance the connection strength between the base seat and the heat pipe.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (1) for a motor vehicle includes a plurality of tubes (2) arranged in a first and a second row (3A, 3B); a first and a second header tank (4, 5) inside which tanks (4, 5) the tubes (2) of each of the rows (3A, 3B) emerge; and a longitudinal dividing partition (16) arranged in the first header tank (4) to divide the first header tank (4) longitudinally into refrigerant inlet and outlet compartments (17, 18) into which the tubes (2) of the first row (3A) and of the second row (3B) emerge. The longitudinal dividing partition (16) includes a plurality of transverse dividing partitions (27) arranged in the second header tank (5) to divide the second header tank (5) transversely into a plurality of return compartments (28) into which at least one tube (2) of each of the rows (3A, 3B) emerges.

Abstract: Methods are provided for facilitating cooling of an electronic component. The methods include providing a liquid-cooled cold plate and a thermal spreader associated with the cold plate. The cold plate includes multiple coolant-carrying channel sections extending within the cold plate, and a thermal conduction surface with a larger surface area than a surface area of the component to be cooled. The thermal spreader includes one or more heat pipes including multiple heat pipe sections. One or more heat pipe sections are partially aligned to a first region of the cold plate, that is, where aligned to the surface to be cooled, and partially aligned to a second region of the cold plate, which is outside the first region. The one or more heat pipes facilitate distribution of heat from the electronic component to coolant-carrying channel sections of the cold plate located in the second region of the cold plate.

Abstract: Methods are provided for facilitating cooling of an electronic component. The method includes providing a liquid-cooled cold plate and a thermal spreader associated with the cold plate. The cold plate includes multiple coolant-carrying channel sections extending within the cold plate, and a thermal conduction surface with a larger surface area than a surface area of the component to be cooled. The thermal spreader includes one or more heat pipes including multiple heat pipe sections. One or more heat pipe sections are partially aligned to a first region of the cold plate, that is, where aligned to the surface to be cooled, and partially aligned to a second region of the cold plate, which is outside the first region. The one or more heat pipes facilitate distribution of heat from the electronic component to coolant-carrying channel sections of the cold plate located in the second region of the cold plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger for temperature controlling and fastening of battery units of the battery of a vehicle. The heat exchanger includes flat tubes that are passable by a heat carrier and a collecting tube and distributing tube for conducting the heat carrier. The flat tubes are established as multi-channel flat tubes. The collecting tube and the distributing tube are connected to each other over the flat tubes so that a holding frame is established that provides a structure forming spaces. The spaces are provided as chambers for accommodating the battery units.

Abstract: A thermal module and a manufacturing method thereof. The thermal module includes a retainer member and at least one heat conduction member. The retainer has a first clamping arm and a second clamping arm opposite to the first clamping arm. The heat conduction member is disposed and fixedly clamped between the first and second clamping arms. The retainer member is formed by means of punching and integrally connected with the heat conduction member also by means of punching so that the manufacturing cost of the thermal module is lowered and the heat dissipation efficiency of the thermal module is enhanced.

Abstract: Modular microreactors are provided composed of microreactor parts including a plate body which has, on one plate side, a groove-shaped depression in which a reactor tube is accommodated, and the reaction tube has connection ends on the outer sides of the plate body. Also disclosed are reaction tubes for turbulent mixing, kits for producing the reactors and the use thereof for commencing chemical reactions.

Abstract: A method and system for manufacturing a hairpin tube. The method includes cutting a coil of tube to provide a plurality of lengths of tubes, and bending each length of tube to form a plurality of hairpin tubes. A lubricant is then atomized with an injector nozzle, and injected into at least one open end of each hairpin tube. After lubricating the hairpin tubes, the legs of each hairpin tube are expanded.

Abstract: A beverage dispenser provides numerous inventive features in its refrigeration system, diluent delivery system, concentrate delivery system, mixing and dispensing system, and control system. The refrigeration system employs a plate heat exchanger to provide on demand refrigeration of an intermittent water flow. The diluent delivery system includes a flowmeter/solenoid/check-valve assembly. The concentrate delivery system employs a positive displacement pump. The mixing and dispensing system includes a mixing nozzle that has a locking feature such that an elevated blocking surface directly faces the inlet of pressurized diluent to create turbulence. The control system receives package-specific information from a scanner and diluent flow rate information from the flowmeter, and then determines the pump speed in order to set a desired mix ratio.

Abstract: A cooling system for removing heat generated by electrical components onboard aerospace vehicles flows coolant between an evaporator that removes heat from the component, and a condenser within the skin of the vehicle. The skin is formed from facesheets comprising multiple layers of polymer resin reinforced with meshes of single and double wall nanotubes. The nanotubes conduct the heat directionally so as to both distribute the heat over the skin and direct the heat to the outer surface of the skin where the heat can be carried away by air flowing over the skin. The skin may also include conductive carbon foam surrounding the condenser to reduce thermal resistance between the condenser and the facesheets.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a cabinet (100) defining a compartment for the storage of products to be cooled and a cooling system coupled to the cabinet for cooling an interior atmosphere of the compartment. The cooling system includes at least one condenser (130) and at least one compressor (125) positioned in a recess of the cabinet. The condenser has at least a first condenser portion (150) adapted to define a support surface for the at least one compressor, wherein the compressor is supported by the first condenser portion, and wherein the condenser has a second condenser portion (145) completely covering a rear of the recess.

Abstract: A single layer complementary memory cell includes a conductive base layer, a memristive matrix layer disposed onto the base layer, the memristive matrix comprising distinct memristive devices formed within. The memory cell further includes conductive lines disposed onto the memristive matrix that connect to the distinct memristive devices such that the distinct memristive devices form a mutually complementary relation to each other.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat exchanger, a) a coolant pipe and a blank are provided; b) a bead that is made of a plastic adhesive is placed between the coolant pipe and the blank so as to extend in a manner that is adapted to the shape of the coolant pipe; and c) the bead located between the coolant pipe and the blank is compressed.

Abstract: A radiant heating assembly for use with systems for heating an enclosed space by circulating a fluid through a closed tubing arrangement is provided. The inventive radiant heating assembly is made up of a radiant heating panel and tubing. The radiant heating panel is made up of a radiant heat transfer plate having a length and center line, and an elongated C-shaped or side opening receptacle that extends along the center line of the plate for receiving the tubing. A plurality of depressions extends along an inner surface of the C-shaped receptacle that interfaces with the plate. The tubing conforms to these depressions, thereby allowing the radiant heating assembly to achieve greater radiant heat dissipation capacity and efficiency.

Abstract: Methods and systems for solar water heating are provided herein. A modular pipe system for a solar water heater is provided in one embodiment. The system includes a plurality of first manifolds which are interchangeably connectable to any other first manifold. The system also includes a plurality of second manifolds which are interchangeably connectable to any other second manifold. The system further includes a plurality of pipe panels which are interchangeably connectable to any other panel, any first manifold, and any second manifold. Connecting the first manifolds and the second manifolds end to end expands the system along a first axis, and connecting a plurality of panels expands the system along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis.

Abstract: A condenser assembly for an appliance is provided. The condenser assembly can include a horizontally extending condenser coil assembly that has a plurality of supporting connectors that are arranged at an angle to the flow direction of cooling air. Cooling air is drawn through the refrigerator and across a length of the condenser coil by an air mover. Additionally, a baffle works in conjunction with the air mover to direct cooling air through the condenser coil and connectors.

Abstract: A cylindrical member of a tube for a heat exchanger is made of a pair of flat plate portions, and a pair of curved portions for connecting the pair of flat plate portions to each other. One of the pair of curved portions constructs a bonded portion in which an outer wall portion and an inner wall portion are bonded to each by brazing in a state where the outer wall portion and the inner wall portion overlap each other. The inner wall portion has a portion opposite to the outer wall portion put into close contact with the outer wall portion and is bonded to the one flat plate portion in a state where a tip end portion of the inner wall portion opposite to the one flat plate portion is separated from the one flat plate portion.

Abstract: A radiant heating panel has a receptacle for heat transfer tubing and divided into immediately-adjacent tracks, each for receiving respective heat transfer tubing, and with a partition extending between the immediately-adjacent tracks and defining a wall therebetween.

Abstract: A thermal energy exchanger assembly (100) includes an exchanger housing (138). The exchanger housing (138) houses a pair of core support assemblies (174) formed of individual core supports (200). The core supports (200) are coupled together so as to form apertures 228. Core tubes (180) are received within the apertures (228). A fresh airstream (122) is made to flow through the core tubes (180) while a stale airstream (114) is made to flow between and around the core tubes (180). In this manner, an exchange of thermal energy occurs between the fresh airstream (122) and the stale airstream (114).

Abstract: An electrothermal oil radiator includes a radiating body (1), an electric-control box (2) mounted on the radiating body (1) and a heating body (3) located inside the radiating body (1). The radiating body (1) includes a plurality of radiating fins (11) linked in turn. Each radiating fin (11) is hollow and sheet-like and has at least two oil leading grooves (12) inside thereof. Hollow connecting sleeves (13) extending horizontally are formed or mounted on upper and lower ends of each radiating fin (11). An oil leading hole in communication with the oil leading grooves (12) is formed in each connecting sleeve (13). The sleeves (13) on each radiating fin (11) are connected together to form a sealed oil cavity in which heat conducting oil is filled. A reinforcing radiating fin (4) is mounted between two adjacent radiating fins (11).

Abstract: A cold plate system including, in one embodiment, first and second flow paths extending from a common inlet to a common outlet, wherein the first and second flow paths enable two-phase coolant flow under pressure through micro-channels for cooling heat loads on the cold plate system, first and second orifices disposed in the first flow path on an inlet side of the first flow path, and a third orifice spaced from a fourth orifice, the third and fourth orifices disposed in the second flow path on an inlet side of the second flow path, wherein the first and second orifices in the first flow path and the third and fourth orifices in the second flow path minimize a difference in mass flow rate between the first and second flow paths when the first and second flow paths are exposed to different heat loads.

Abstract: A modular evaporator which can be assembled from a number of standard modules is provided. Depending on the requirements, the modular evaporator can be assembled to meet a wide range of design cooling loads. Additionally, the modular evaporator is capable of generating and holding ice for thermal storage purposes, eliminating the need for external ice storage tanks. Furthermore, the heat transfer and thermal storage fluid for the evaporator can simply be water which considerably simplifies the system, lowers the cost, and increases the efficiency of the heat transfer loop.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for an ice machine has the form of a cylinder. In some embodiments, the cylinder is made from an extrusion of a metal such as an aluminum alloy. The heat exchanger includes inner and outer cylindrical walls and one or more refrigeration passages positioned between the inner and outer walls. The inner and outer walls are separated from each other by connecting structures defining the refrigeration passages. The heat exchanger can be extruded as a rectangular panel and subsequently formed into a cylindrical form. Alternatively, the heat exchanger can be extruded as a cylinder, or as an arcuate cylindrical segment in which several of such segments are subsequently joined together (as by welding) into a cylinder. Ice machines that feature ice formation on both the inner and outer walls of the cylinder are also disclosed.

Abstract: An on-board fuel processor includes a microchannel steam reforming reactor (30) and a water vaporizer (40) heated in series with a combustion gas. The reformer (30) and the vaporizer (40) are both of a cross-flow panel configuration that allows for low combustion side pressure drop. Fuel is directly injected into the steam, and during a rapid cold start, both the combustion gas flow rate and the steam to carbon ratio are substantially increased relative to their steady state operating values. A rapid cold start can be achieved in under 30 seconds with a manageable amount of electric power consumption, removing impediments to use in automotive fuel cell applications.

Abstract: A solar panel includes an inlet manifold, an outlet manifold spaced apart from the inlet manifold, and a plurality of pipes having a first end in open fluid communication with the inlet manifold and a second end in open fluid communication with the outlet manifold. A box-shaped cover formed of a polycarbonate material is disposed in ensleeving relation to the plurality of pipes. The box-shaped cover has a length at least slightly less than the distance between the inlet and outlet manifolds so that opposite ends of pipes in the plurality of pipes are exposed to ambient. The cover substantially prevents ventilation of the plurality of pipes and thus allows water temperatures in the panel to rise higher than possible in the absence of such cover. The exposure of the opposite ends of the pipes to ambient prevents water temperatures in the panel from exceeding a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A pipe and method of use for deterring or encouraging the retention of slag or other material in the operating area of a metal processing system as desired. The deterring pipe(s) and the encouraging pipe(s) may be combined with other deterring pipe(s) and/or other encouraging pipe(s) in any combination as desired.

Abstract: An improved boiler that allows distillation of ethanol from a continuous flow of a hydrous feedstock compound, which may be beer or other semi-solid substance. The internal compartment of the boiler is separated into different zones by a plurality of primary baffle plates and secondary baffle plates. The hydrous feedstock compound is heated as it passes from one zone to another zone and ethanol inside the hydrous feedstock compound vaporizes. The ethanol rich vapor is channeled through a collector column and then collected for further processing. The temperature of the hydrous feedstock compound is slightly different from one zone to another zone because of ethanol concentration changes as the hydrous feedstock compound moves from one zone to another. At the last zone, where most of ethanol is removed, the remaining hydrous feedstock compound is removed from the boiler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-floor radiant heating system having a tube that is received into low profile panels. Channels are formed in the top of the panels. The channels can have a neck shaped top section and a circular shaped bottom section. The bottom section has a diameter that is larger than the width of the top section. The diameter of the tubing is smaller than the diameter of the bottom section to ensure a snug fit. Flares can be located between the ends of the channels and the sides of the panel to allow the tube to bend and fit between adjacent panels that are offset up to a determined amount. A transition piece can be used to interface between a room with the in-floor system and one without. An installer can see the top of the tubing during the installation process.

Abstract: A housing for electronic equipment comprises a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a liquid-containing medium and a gas. This heat exchanger comprises a medium inlet and a medium outlet and a flat heat exchanger mat. The mat comprises a number of parallel, equidistant capillaries of heat-conducting material and wires of heat-conducting material which are attached in heat-conducting contact to the capillaries, extend in transverse direction relative thereto and have a mutual distance in the order of magnitude of the diameter of the wires, wherein air can flow along the wires for heat exchange between this air and the medium flowing through the capillaries. The heat exchanger is embodied such that the air flows along the mat and at least a substantial part of the air is prevented from flowing through the mat, and that it is ensured that the air flows along the wires in longitudinal direction of these wires.

Abstract: A method of cooling syngas in a gasifier is provided. The method includes channeling cooling fluid through at least one tube-bundle that includes at least three tubes coupled together within a radiant syngas cooler and extends through a reaction zone of the gasifier, and circulating reactant fluid around the at least one tube-bundle to facilitate transferring heat from the reactant fluid to the cooling fluid.

Abstract: An ice-making machine having an ice-forming surface upon which ice is formed, a refrigeration system including a microchannel evaporator that cools the ice-forming surface, and a water-supply system. The microchannel evaporator includes a microchannel tube that facilitates a distributed cooling effect in a contact area between the microchannel tube and the ice-forming surface. In some embodiments, the microchannel tube includes a series of recessed portions that define insulated regions and divide the tube into non-insulated regions. The insulated and non-insulated regions can be dimensioned to form individual ice cubes on the ice-forming surface. In other embodiments, spaces between microchannel tubes and/or spaces between the ice-forming surface and microchannel tubes can form insulated regions at least partially defining the size and shape of ice produced by the ice-making machine.

Abstract: A method of cooling syngas in a gasifier is provided. The method includes channeling cooling fluid through at least one tube-bundle that includes at least three tubes coupled together within a radiant syngas cooler and extends through a reaction zone of the gasifier, and circulating reactant fluid around the at least one tube-bundle to facilitate transferring heat from the reactant fluid to the cooling fluid.

Abstract: Modular microreactors are provided composed of microreactor parts including a plate body which has, on one plate side, a groove-shaped depression in which a reactor tube is accommodated, and the reaction tube has connection ends on the outer sides of the plate body. Also disclosed are reaction tubes for turbulent mixing, kits for producing the reactors and the use thereof for commencing chemical reactions.