Abstract: The invention provides flat, thin and hollow heat exchanger units of synthetic resin make, each operating to have a cooling water fed thereto and air flowed horizontally in an air passage therebetween, thus realizing an indirect contact heat exchange between the air and the cooling water through both wall plates. The invention further relates to a crossflow cooling tower incorporating a wet heat exchanger or packing material and an indirect contact type heat exchanger operating on the afore-mentioned heat exchanger units.

Abstract: An oil cooler and a radiator hose are combined in an all polymer structure. Generally concentric hoses provide two coolant paths with the wall of the inner hose providing heat transfer from one fluid to the other. The hoses are flexible or can be formed to conform to desired radiator hose routing. The hoses have deflectable vanes extending from their walls into the fluids to flex according to flow rate. The vanes induce turbulence to improve the thermal transfer especially at low flow rates but deflect at high flow rates to minimize pressure drop due to the vanes.

Abstract: A fin is provided, wherein a Cu-Zn diffused alloy layer with a Zn content of not less than 1 wt % is formed on at least a portion of the surface of Cu-based substrate for a fin. For the formation of such a Cu-Zn diffused alloy layer, Zn is allowed to diffuse thermally after covered the surface of Cu-based substrate with Zn or Zn alloy, and a rolling processing is carried out after the thermal diffusion to finish to a desired size. The Zn concentration of the fin decreases continuously from the outside surface of the Cu-Zn diffused layer to the interface between that layer and the Cu-based fin substrate.

Abstract: A wick for use in a capillary loop pump heat pipe. The wick material is an essentially uniformly porous, permeable, open-cell, silicon dioxide/aluminum oxide inorganic ceramic foam having a silica fiber to alumina fiber ratio, by weight, of about 78 to 22, respectively, a density of 6 lbs/ft.sup.3, and an average pore size of less than 5 microns. A representative material having these characteristics is Lockheed Missiles and Space Company, Inc. HTP 6-22. This material is fully compatible with the FREONs and anhydrous ammonia and allows for the use of these very efficient working fluids, and others, in capillary loops.

Abstract: A piping apparatus for melting snow and ice, wherein a large number of heat radiation pipes are arranged below or above a surface from which snow or ice is to be melted and removed. One of the ends of each of the heat radiation pipes is communicated with an inlet side header arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the heat radiation pipes, and the other end of the pipes being communicated with an outlet side header arranged in a direction substantially orthogonal to the heat radiation pipes, thereby constituting a piping arrangement unit. The inlet side is communicated with a feed supply of a heating medium such as hot water so as to pass the supplied heating medium such as hot water through the heat radiation pipes. Heat retaining members having therein a heat accumulation material are disposed between the heat radiation pipes, whenever necessary.

Abstract: A compact and maintenance-free means and method of regenerating the sensible heat from flue gases of fossil fuel furnaces by heat exchange through two circular layers of rock beds rotating under two semi-circular mantles with the first mantle applying hot flue gases to the beds and the second withdrawing preheated ambient air needed for combustion by said furnaces. When used for power plant flue gas treatment, layers of acid-resistant pipes containing boiler feedwater are sandwiched between the two rock bed layers to usefully recover the heat units arising from moisture condensation. The enormous water of condensation collects flyash and sulphur dioxide thus removing these pollutants from the stack gases. The heavy rock beds rotate slowly beneath the fixed mantles in a circular, pan-shaped, steel vessel floating on and cooled by a circular pond of water. Friction of rotation is minimal and gas leakage principally prevented by liquid seals. When flue gas temperature rises, as above 600 degrees F.

Abstract: A heat exchange device including a number of panels formed from a flexible frame forming a window and having parallel air paths through the frame, a thin flexible plastic film secured to one side of each frame to form a heat transfer surface across the window, the panels being stacked with each alternate panel turned 90.degree. to form first and second air flow paths through the spaces between the plastic films, the frame being made of corrugated cardboard or fluted plastic.

Abstract: The specification discloses an air-to-air, polymeric heat exchanger having a housing and a core removably mounted within the housing. The housing includes four generally indentical duct units, which are secured to one another, and a top and a bottom, which are secured to the duct units. The core includes a pair of end walls and a plurality of tubes extending between, and opening through, the end walls. Each end wall includes a plurality of tubular projections or pockets extending from the end wall in a common direction. Opposite ends of the tubes are secured within the tubular pockets in the opposite end walls. A method of constructing the core includes the step of severing the tubular projections after the tubes are positioned therein to expose the tube interiors through the end walls. Preferably, the tubular projections are severed using a hot wire to also fuse the tubes within the end walls.

Abstract: A tube-within-a-tube, counter flow, air-to-air heat exchanger utilizing a rigid outer tube and a continuous, flexible inner tube. The corrugated, flexible inner tube is spiralled longitudinally around a center core and creates turbulence in the air which permits a rapid exchange of heat between the exhaust and fresh air streams.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises at least one group of tubes of thermoplastic synthetic material, the tube ends of a group being packed closely together and the tube ends of adjacent tubes being fused to one another on their end face. Preferably, the tube ends are arranged in a sleeve enclosing the group of tubes, the external tube ends being fused with the sleeve. The heat exchangers are made in such a way that the tube ends are assembled together and inserted into a sleeve. The tubes are placed in vertical position, with their ends essentially upward. Heat is then supplied to the tube ends from above, causing the tube ends to expand and occasionally to fuse with the sleeve.

Abstract: A heat exchange element having a heat receiving side and a heat dissipating side and having a serpentine member defining a first plurality of parallel elongate grooves, having elongate openings all in the heat receiving side, and a second plurality of parallel elongate grooves, having elongate openings all in the heat dissipating side, the grooves of the first plurality being interdigitated with the grooves of the second plurality, and closures which close all of the open ends of one of the pluralities of grooves. An enclosure for an electronic assembly having a rack in which electronic assemblies may be mounted in a vertical orientation, the rack being mounted in a cavity defined by side walls, a rear wall, a front wall, a top and a base which together separate the cavity from the environment surrounding the enclosure. At least one of the walls having one of the heat exchange elements sandwiched between an outer panel and an inner panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cylinder tube for scraped surface heat exchangers the interior surface (18) of which is even and the exterior surface of which is enlarged by providing a number of spaced grooves (16) with a smoothly rounded bottom portion, the profile depth (A) of which being substantially larger than the radius (R) at the bottom of said groove (16). The cylinder tube (10) shall be manufactured by a duplex stainless steel alloy consisting of the following constituents in weight-%; max 0.03% C, 18-30% Cr, 4-8% Ni, 0-6% Mo, 0.5-2% Mn, 0.5-2% Si, 0.05-0.30% N, the remainder Fe and normal impurities, whereby the amounts of the constituents are interrelated such that the amount of ferrite in the microstructure amounts to 35-65%.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a plurality of like plates each in turn provided with a base portion substantially on and defining a base plane and having a pair of generally parallel opposite outer edges, and respective lips bent upward from the outer edges and forming and lying on an attachment plane substantially parallel to the base plane. Adhesive bonds or welds secure the plates together in a stack to form generally perpendicular flow passages parallel to the plane. The lips of each plate extend generally perpendicular to the lips of the adjacent plate and the plates are secured together with the connection plane of each plate lying on the base plane of an adjacent plate. Each plate is formed between the respective opposite edges with a plurality of integral bumps projecting from the respective base plane toward the respective connection plane. These bumps each have an apex lying on the respective connection plane.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a heat exchanger from a thermoplastic polymer especially a polyamide, is disclosed. The heat exchanger comprises two generally planar panels formed from a composition of the polymer, bonded together to form a labryinth of fluid passages between the panels that extend between inlet and outlet means. The labyrinth occupies a substantial proportion of the area of the panels. The process comprises coating a first panel with a first coating in a pattern corresponding to the fluid passages of the labyrinth, and coating the second panel with a second coating composition in at least those areas where a bond is to be formed with the first panel. The coating compositions are selected so that under the influence of heat, the second coating composition will bond to the polymer composition but not to the first coating; thus the first coating acts as a resist coating. The coated panels are brought into contact and heated so as to effect bonding, and then the passages are expanded e.g.

Abstract: A heat exchanger, particularly a radiator for the heating of buildings is formed with a modular unit comprising a tubular finned element of extruded aluminum in which upper and lower headers of die-cast aluminum are engaged by an interference fit and a sealing O-ring gasket. The headers being connected through couplers by bayonet type coupling. The unit being completed passivated and/or anodized against corrosion.

Abstract: The invention concerns a thermal transfer layer with high transfer coefficient between two materials which can have different expansion coefficients. The thermal transfer layer comprises expanded graphite inserted between the materials which are selected from among carbonaceous materials, ceramics and metals or metal alloys. The expanded graphite is either inserted in the form of a rolled or compressed sheet, or is compressed in situ. The invention also concerns a device for the cooling of a structure subjected to intense, continuous, intermittent or pulsating heat flux, by means of fluid circulation tubes placed in the passages in the structure. A flexible material which is a good heat conductor in a compressed state, such as expanded graphite, is placed between the structure to be cooled and each tube.

Abstract: A thermal heat transfer member is disclosed for use with electronic or microwave systems. The thermal heat transfer member comprises a generally planar composite member in which elongated high thermal conductivity fibers are disposed within a matrix material. The matrix material may be an insulating epoxy or thermoplastic resin, while the fibers are elongated continuous commonly directed graphite fibers. The fiber ends terminate at a thermal contact surface which is interfaced with a heat sink. The thermal contact surface may be the transverse edge of the planar member or can be substantially parallel to the planar member. The fiber ends are inclined at an angle with respect to the plane of the planar member to provide for termination of the fibers at the thermal contact surface parallel to the planar member. Heat into the composite member is transferable along the commonly directed graphite fibers.

Abstract: A reusable, durable heat pipe which is capable of operating at temperatures up to about 3000.degree. F. in an oxidizing environment and at temperatures above 3000.degree. F. in an inert or vacuum environment is produced by embedding a refractory metal pipe within a carbon-carbon composite structure. A reusable, durable heat pipe panel is made from an array of refractory-metal pipes spaced from each other, each refractory-metal pipe being embedded within a carbon-carbon composite structure. The reusable, durable, heat-pipe panel is employed to fabricate a hypersonic vehicle leading edge and nose cap.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is illustrated in the form of a pair of juxtaposed chambers defining a first flow path for passing a heated fluid therethrough and a second flow path for passing a cooling medium therethrough. A heat exchanging structure extends between the first and second flow paths in communication therewith. The heat exchanging structure includes at least one composite of thermally conductive fibrous material laid up unidirectionally in a direction between the flow paths for transferring heat from the heated fluid in the first flow path for absorption by the cooling medium in the second flow path.

Abstract: A heating soft floor mat is described comprising a base sheet composed of a thermoplastic resin foamed article as a heat insulating layer having meanderingly formed thereon grooves for conduits, conduits for heating medium disposed in the grooves, and cover material having flexibility covering the surface side thereof, wherein the thermoplastic resin foamed article is a crosslinked polyethylene foamed article containing closed cells having a degree of expansion of from 10 to 40 and the conduits are composed of low density crosslinked polyethylene having a density of less than 0.910 g/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: A cast iron or steel heat transfer member is used in network protectors to provide optimum cooling while avoiding prior corrosion problems.

Abstract: Process for permanently fastening the end or ends of at least one rod, made at least partially of a thermoplastic material and having at least one continuous cavity, in at least one opening of a support plate. The opening surrounds at least one rod, with each rod - in order to be fastened - positioned in its designated opening in the support plate. Each rod cavity exhibits a hydraulic diameter which corresponds to at least 10% of the minimum outside cross-sectional dimension of the rod, and the rod walls may exhibit pores which take up a maximum of 20% of the wall volume.

Abstract: A ceramic heat exchanger element comprises a ceramic honeycomb body, fluid passages formed in the ceramic honeycomb body and ceramic tubes extending through and fixed to the ceramic honeycomb body so as to intersect the fluid passages. The ceramic of the honeycomb body, the fluid passages therein, and the tubes extending through and fixed thereto preferably have a thermal conductivity of 15 Kcal/m/hr/.degree.C. or higher.

Abstract: A heat exchanger construction for melting snow, heating buildings or objects and transferring solar heat. The construction embodies a flexible, multilayered, reinforced composite hose embedded in or affixed to a slab or other body. The composite construction combines the advantages of metal, extruded rubber and plastic piping to produce substantial durability, pressure rating, resistance to oxygen permeation, temperature tolerance, and corrosion resistance, while remaining extremely flexible and thus easy to install. Three embodiments are described and illustrated.

Abstract: A heat exchange device is provided whose exchange zone is formed by juxtaposing a plurality of plates parallel with each other and spaced apart two by two by a plurality of spacing elements consisting of spacers parallel to each other, which may be crenellated (they then comprise crenels and projecting parts) or continuous, said plates being formed so that for any two adjacent plates, at lest one of the facing faces is provided with spacers, at least one part of said spacers being, over at least a part of their length, in contct with the facing face of the adjacent plate or with at least a part of the spacers possibly present on said facing face, over at least a part of their length, said plates, defining flow spaces for two fluids being further formed and disposed so that for one flow space out of two the spacers carried by at least one of the facing faces of two adjacent plates defining said space are crenellated spacers. The fluids flow advantageous in cross-current relation.

Abstract: A ceramic fiber-reinforced ceramic heat exchanger includes a tube sheet and one or more coiled, oval cross-section U-tubes formed integrally with the tube sheet, wherein both the tube and tube sheet are composed of a ceramic fiber-reinforced ceramic composition, particularly suited for waste heat recovery in harsh flue gas environments.

Abstract: A wick for use in a capillary loop pump heat pipe. The wick material is an essentially uniformly porous, permeable, open-cell, polyethylene thermoplastic foam having an ultra high average molecular weight of from approximately 1,000,000 to 5,000,000, and an average pore size of about 10 to 12 microns. A representative material having these characteristics is POREX UF which has an average molecular weight of about 3,000,000. This material is fully compatible with the FREONs and anhydrous ammonia and allows for the use of these very efficient working fluids in capillary loops.

Abstract: The brine tube of an ice thermal storage tank has a surface enhancement which provides nucleation sites for ice formation, and reduces the need to superchill the water. The tubing enhancement comprises a multiplicity of solid mineral particles distributed evenly over its surface. The particles have jagged, multi-faceted surfaces which adsorb air. When the brine in the tube cools the water to the freezing point, the adsorbed air coalesces into air bubbles that serve as nucleation sites. This permits freezing to initiate a temperature of about 31.5.degree. F.

Abstract: A heat exchanger element is disclosed having a plurality of bendable plastic tubes comprising one grid folded to result in a multiple layer rectangular grate with crossed tubes which can convey a heat exchange medium.

Abstract: Heat exchanging device wherein plural number of support plates are provided at a required distance from one another, a plurality of through holes are formed on these support plates, a plurality of spirally corrugated heating tubes of a fluorocarbon resin are put in each of the through holes independently from one another and these heating tubes are held by elastic bushings in the support plates.

Abstract: There are prepared zeolite molded articles which also contain alkali silicate and/or alkaline earth silicate and mineral fibers and/or carbon fibers in addition to the zeolite.

Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises a housing containing upper and lower layers of fluid, the upper layer being less dense than the lower layer. The large and sharp density gradient at the interface between the upper and lower layers acts to prevent mixing of the two layers. A plurality of vertically oriented tubular sleeves that are closed at each end and filled with fresh water are located in the housing such that the axial ends of each tubular sleeve are in different ones of the layers. Heat added to the liquid in the lower layer is transferred to the liquid in the upper layer through the medium of the water contained in the tubular sleeves.

Abstract: This invention relates to low cost heat exchangers of the parallel plate-type useful for recovery or dissipation of heat energy in buildings of all types, including homes, office buildings and factories, as well as for heat recovery in the chemical process, electrical power and other industries.

Abstract: In a radiator for motor cars wherein fins are fitted between vertical tubes through which the heat-exchanging medium flows to form a core and tube plates are provided at both ends of the tubes of said core to connect with a resinous tank, a concave groove is formed outside the peripheral portion thereof, and an elastic seal member is provided in said concave groove to insert the open end of the resinous tank, the improvement wherein said tube plates are .alpha. brass containing 15-38 wt. % Zn, 0.05-1.5 wt. % Si, and the remainder Cu.

Abstract: Avionics systems are cooled by circulating the heated air through an onboard closed loop system which includes a heat transfer envelope comprised of a liner and the fuselage of the flight vehicle. The liner keeps a constant, thermodynamically optimal passage height between the liner and the fuselage, and is contoured in order to maintain that optimal height between the liner and internal structural support members which abut the fuselage and pass through the heat transfer envelope. The liner is comprised of flexible interlocking liner sections, each of which is produced from the same mold using heat and flame resistant material and subsequently trimmed to precisely fit into its particular area. Each liner section has a convex ridge which fits over an interal structural support member to enclose the member within the heat exchange envelope. Each convex ridge has transverse flexible ribs which accept and removably grasp the support member, thereby removably attaching the liner section to the support member.

Abstract: A glass tube heat exchanger including a sealing sleeve comprising at least one hydraulic sealing section, an intermediate sealing section and an interior sealing section is disclosed. The hydraulic sealing section has a triangular cross section including one obtuse angle formed by two legs, one of which extends radially outwardly from the longitudinal axis of the seal. The intermediate sealing section comprises a generally cylindrical shaped body and at least one, and preferably two, toroidal belts. The interior sealing section comprises a lip adapted to seal tightly against the glass tube and a flange adapted to seal against the tube sheet. Preferably, the interior sealing section is a mirror image of the hydraulic sealing section.

Abstract: The specification discloses an air-to-air, polymeric heat exchanger having a housing and a core removably mounted within the housing. The housing includes four generally identical duct units, which are secured to one another, and a top and a bottom, which are secured to the duct units. The core includes a pair of end walls and a plurality of tubes extending between, and opening through, the end walls. Each end wall includes a plurality of tubular projections or pockets extending from the end wall in a common direction. Opposite ends of the tubes are secured within the tubular pockets in the opposite end walls. A method of constructing the core includes the step of severing the tubular projections after the tubes are positioned therein to expose the tube interiors through the end walls. Preferably, the tubular projections are severed using a hot wire to also fuse the tubes within the end walls.

Abstract: Heat exchanger or heat accumulator bodies which are simple to produce. The bodies consist of a stack of extruded hollow chamber panels with plane smooth outer walls and webs that join the outer walls in a single piece. The hollow chamber panels are joined to one another in the stack on the front side by locking connections. The locking connections can be produced with an inserted electrical band heater, by glue seams, or by undercut interlockings. The hollow chamber panels are not joined to one another in the in-between areas or are not everywhere joined in the in-between areas.

Abstract: A multi-flash evaporator having modular vertical cyclone chambers designed to generate a paraboloid of revolution providing an extended surface area for release of flashed vapors and attaining equilibrium. With multiple stages, the system incorporates deep loop seals to prevent blowby between stages at all levels of capacity and employs a vapor lift system to permit low pressure differentials between stages at high vacuum. The cyclone chambers employ an intermediate tangential inlet whereby the flashing vapors propel the liquid at higher velocities to generate a deeper paraboloid of revolution and centrifugally separate the heavier liquid from the flashing vapor. An anti-creep ring is interdisposed at the top of the cyclone to prevent the liquid from entering a mesh so only vapor impinges on the mesh and passes to the heat recovery condensers embodying a bayonet augmented tube heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method for imparting wettability to an aluminum heat exchanger comprises immersing the heat exchanger in an aqueous medium containing a silanol compound and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. If desired, the exchanger may be conversion coated or anodized prior to the immersion.

Abstract: A heat exchanger unit comprising a particulate heat exchanging mass or pack consisting of relatively small, mechanically immobilized particles having a thermal diffusivity constant of at least 0.5 cm.sup.2 /sec at 20.degree. C., and compressively retained in an enclosure in heat transfer relationship to each other and to a fluid directed therethrough. Preferred materials for the particles are crystalline carbon, copper and aluminum. The pack may be in cylindrical form or planar form and may be contained within metal conduits or, for solar radiation, within a transparent or translucent enclosure. Interconnected units may be disposed in an array or bank to provide the desired quantitive degree of thermal transfer.

Abstract: A serpentine-type aluminum heat exchanger comprising a serpentine-anfractuous flat tube of an aluminum alloy and a plurality of corrugated fin units made of an aluminum alloy having a high aluminum content of 99 wt. % or more, and joined to the flat tube by brazing metal coating layers fixed onto flat surfaces of parallel portions of the serpentine-anfractuous flat tube. The heat exchanger is produced by preparing the serpentine-anfractuous flat tube of an aluminum alloy, the corrugated fin units and foil plates of an aluminum alloy brazing filler metal, disposing the fin units in spaces between adjacent ones of parallel portions of the serpentine-anfractuous flat tube with foil plates being interposed between respective fin units and opposite parallel portions of the flat tube, and heating the flat tube, the fin units and foil plates in the assembled relation to the brazing temperature.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus has a titanium liquid circuit for the passage of a liquid to be cooled. The liquid circuit has a liquid input and a liquid output and is formed with titanium walls having coacting ribs formed on two walls to spread the liquid passing therethrough. A pair of cooling circuits located adjacent to the liquid circuit has air or another cooling fluid passed therethrough for cooling the liquid passing through the liquid circuit. Each cooling circuit is attached adjacent one titanium wall of the liquid circuit and each has a purality of metallic cooling fins, such as pin fins, fixedly soldered or brazed to the titanium wall. The titanium liquid side has no brazed or soldered joint and this prevents corrosion and contamination, while the heat exchanger efficiency is enhanced by the thin walls of titanium having high heat transfer pin fins soldered or brazed directly to the air side. Complete access to the liquid side of the heat exchanger is provided for cleaning.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for use in industries concerned with utilizing corrosive or abrasive fluids, either at low or high temperatures, is made of a monolithic body molded from refractory material and includes at least one channel for the fluid to be heated and at least one channel for the fluid to be cooled, these channels being integrally molded and in a mutual heat-exchange relationship.

Abstract: An air to air heat exchanger particularly for contaminated air from an animal barn or the like includes a core formed by a plurality of thin-walled flexible plastics tubes supported at respective ends in tube sheets. The tubes are held under tension and arranged vertically in parallel rows and columns so that cold fresh air enters parallel to the rows horizontally beneath the upper tube sheet and then moved downwardly along the outside of the tubes to escape horizontally parallel to the rows above the lower tube sheet. The contaminated warm air passes from a plenum beneath the lower tube sheet upwardly along the inside of the tubes to an outlet at the top of the tubes. This direction of movement of the air causes a self-cleaning effect by condensate at the top of the tubes running down and cleaning the interior of the tubes of any collected contaminants. The design also enables the use of convenient inexpensive flexible tubes without allowing air movement to cause unacceptable flexing.

Abstract: For assembling together a bundle of parallel tubes (1) recourse is had to flexible and sealed pipes (2) inserted jointingly between the successive layers of these tubes, said pipes having sufficient elasticity for being successively flattened by evacuation of their inner volume, which allows positioning thereof in the bundle, then resuming their initial tubular shape by suppression of the vacuum, and said pipes are made from a partially crystalline plastic material, such as a polyamide 11, which allows them to be positioned in the bundle by simply pushing from their portion not engaged in the bundle.

Abstract: A package including a heat sink especially suitable for a ceramic substrate is disclosed. The heat sink is formed of aluminum-silicon alloy material and is fixed to a surface of the ceramic substrate opposing a second surface on which at least one heat generating component is mounted.

Abstract: A heat exchange apparatus having a first header for receiving fluid from a source, flexible thin-walled tubular plastic heat exchange elements defining a plurality of passages through a heat exchange zone and second header means for receiving fluid from said plastic heat exchange elements after passing through said heat exchange zone. Support elements are provided, supporting and rigidifying the flexible thin-walled tubular plastic heat exchange member. The plastic heat exchange element defining said plurality of passages is radially expandable by pressure of fluid from said source to avoid scale formation.

Abstract: In a recuperator having a ceramic core within a housing, a layer of intumescent material is disposed between a solid face of the core and the housing to aid in securing the core within the housing.

Abstract: A novel low C-Cr-Mo steel having an excellent weldability and a high erosion-corrosion resistance under wet steam, which consists of, in % by weight, 0.02-0.14% of C, not more than 0.90% of Si, 0.30-0.80% of Mn, 0.70-1.60% of Cr, 0.40-0.70% of Mo and the remainder being susbtantially Fe. This novel steel is a very excellent material for fabricating the portions in the feed-water heater, for example, for a nuclear power generation plant, the portions being used under wet steam condition. The above described weldability and erosion-corrosion resistance can be improved, by additionally adding the second components of Cu, N, or B, the third components of Nb or V or the fourth components of Al, Ti or Zr in the respectively defined amounts.