Abstract: A method and apparatus to recover energy from used or foul air and to return the energy into fresh air to reduce the energy input to a ventilation system. Ventilator apparatus is adapted to maintain fluid flow through a first heat exchanger, positioned in a fresh air passage, and through a second heat exchanger, positioned in an exhaust passage, at a controlled rate to afford maximum or controlled heat transfer efficiency for pre-cooling or pre-heating fresh air drawn into the system. Control apparatus is provided to maintain flow of fluid through the heat exchangers such that the sum of the mass flow of fresh air times the specific heat of the fresh air, plus the mass flow of the exhaust air times the apparent specific heat of exhaust air, is equal to two times the mass flow of fluid times the specific heat of the fluid.

Abstract: A system for recovering the waste heat normally exhausted into the atmosphere by chemical or other processing plants. The invented system comprises a heat exchange apparatus located in the exhaust stack or flue passage, heat transfer means for carrying the waste heat absorbed from the exhaust gases to a location remote therefrom, and a second heat exchange apparatus for releasing the transferred waste heat for beneficial use at said remote location. The present invention also includes temperature and pressure control means which enhance the safety and efficiency of the system's operation. The heat transfer means disclosed in this invention is a high temperature liquid (and associated pumping and piping means) capable of withstanding temperature up to 900 F. without flashing, changing state, or corroding the heat exchange apparatuses.

Abstract: A ventilating, cooling, and heat reclaiming system for use with cooking equipment such as commercial ranges and grills whereby grease laden exhaust air passes through a grease filter or extractor and then past a cooling coil through which water is circulated so as to improve grease removal and reclaim heat from exhaust air to heat outdoor supply air. The heated water from the coil is supplied to a further coil disposed in the path of outdoor supply air via a three way valve having two outlets and a mixing valve. The mixing valve varies temperature of water in the further coil to maintain constant the temperature of the supply air and water not supplied to the further coil is supplied to a hot water generator by the three way valve.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for transferring heat to a cooler gas from a hotter gas which contains tri-atomic molecules with good infra-red energy absorption characteristics, for example CO.sub.2. The hotter gas is passed in a first direction along a conduit, and simultaneously the cooler gas is jetted through and across the hotter gas in a direction transverse to the hotter gas direction. This allows the tri-atomic molecules minimally entrained in the cooler gas jets to provide heat to the cooler gas firstly through transferring their initial kinetic energy to the cooler gas molecules by way of collision, and secondly by absorbing infra-red energy radiated from the hotter gas and passing this absorbed energy to the cooler gas molecules also through collision.

Abstract: There is provided a heat exchanger system for transfer of heat in the warm exhaust air from a mine to the cold input air flow to the mine. In the system there is provided a heat supply means, which supplies heat, recovered from the exhaust air, to the input air heat exchanger when an exhaust air heat exchanger is disconnected for defrosting.

Abstract: Recuperative heat exchangers are disposed in the supply and exhaust ducts of a ventilating system. To reduce frost build-up at the exit end of the exhaust-duct heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is disposed so that the exhaust air flows through it alternately from one end to the other, and vice-versa, when the temperature is below freezing. The reversal of flow of the exhaust air is accompanied by a reversal of the flow of heat exchange medium so that the efficiency of heat exchange is not adversely affected. Several systems of heat exchange are disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the thermodynamic assisted compression of gases wherein a gas is alternately compressed and expanded with addition of heat regeneratively. The basic apparatus and method are applicable to a variety of uses such as gas compression, turbines and in heat temperature boosters. Working fluids may be either gases or vapors. Heat may also be removed during compression steps and added during expansion steps. Process can be used with both steady flow and non-flow apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating heating and cooling by circulating a working fluid within passageways carried by rotors, compressing said working fluid therewithin and removing heat from said working fluid in a heat removal heat exchanger and adding heat into said working fluid in a heat addition heat exchanger, all carried by said rotors. The working fluid is sealed within, and may be a suitable gas, such as nitrogen. A working fluid heat exchanger is also provided to exchange heat within rotor between two streams of said working fluid. In one arrangement, the unit uses two rotors, both rotating; in an alternate arrangement, one of the rotors may be held stationary. Applications include air conditioning service, and heating applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the compression of compressible fluids wherein a fluid is first compressed within a constant volume with addition of heat, and then further compressed in a compressor means increasing the fluid pressure and temperature. After compression, the fluid is passed into a heat exchanger for heat removal, with the heat so removed usually being used as the heat being added into the fluid in the initial step. After passing through the heat exchanger, the fluid leaves the process. Various types equipment may be used, including vane, piston, screw or other positive displacement type apparatus. In an alternate arrangement, heat may also be removed during the compression in the compressor means. Also, work may be extracted from the fluid after leaving the heat exchanger heat removal.

Abstract: A home laundry dryer in which both the fresh air entering a laundry drum and the air exhausted from the drum pass through a thermal recovery unit in the dryer. The unit has a high temperature passage through which the exhaust air flows and a low temperature passage through which the entering air flows. Heat from the exhausted air is transferred by means of heat pipes from the high temperature passage to the entering air in the low temperature passage. This heat transfer lowers the energy required to raise the entering air to a selected drying temperature. The dryer, including the thermal recovery unit, fits in a housing of substantially standard size for home dryers.

Abstract: A plurality of parallel heat exchange tubes are grouped together and connected at the ends to form a bank. One or more banks are positioned so that one end lies in a supply air stream and the other end lies in an exhaust air stream. Each bank of tubes is sealed and contains a working fluid of the type having a liquid phase and a vapor phase. At one end of each tube, the working fluid absorbs heat from one of said air streams to effect vaporization of said fluid, the vaporized fluid flows to the cooler end of said tube where said vaporized fluid gives up heat to the cooler air stream and condenses in the tube. The condensed fluid then flows back to the warmer end by means of gravity.One end of the lowest tube in each bank includes a reservoir connected thereto which communicates with the normally cooler air path and includes a heating coil operatively associated therewith for providing a modulated control of the system responsive to the temperature of the enclosed space being ventilated.

Abstract: A method of preheating combustion air being supplied to a furnace, and a furnace including the means for preheating the combustion air. The method comprises circulating a portion of fluid from a fluid stream first in non-contact heat exchange relationship with the flue gas for heat collection, then circulating this portion of fluid in non-contact heat exchange relationship with the combustion air for heat donation thereto. The rate of circulation and temperature of the portion of fluid is controllable substantially independently of the rate of flow and temperature of the parent fluid stream. The furnace comprises means to heat a portion of a fluid stream and includes means to circulate, at a controllable rate and temperature, such portion of fluid from a fluid stream through an adjunct loop connected to the fluid stream for collection of heat from the flue gases and donation of heat to the combustion air.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus and a system thereof for reclaiming heat through the transfer of heat from normally waste hot gases to a liquid medium, usually water, and redistributing the heat by way of the liquid medium to spatially distant heat exchangers. The heat exchangers employed for initial heat reclamation are of a design uniquely adapted to avoid plugging under freezing conditions.

Abstract: A system for recovering the waste heat normally exhausted into the atmosphere by chemical or other processing plants. The invented system comprises a substantially self-contained apparatus for receiving hot exhaust gases and extracting the waste heat therefrom for some beneficial use, such as pre-heating inlet air in an inlet plenum. The system may include temperature and pressure controls which enhance the safety and efficiency of the system's operation, and further may include flow controls in a multiple burner installation so that the desired fuel air ratios and heat distribution may be achieved. By building the present invention as a substantially self-contained and self-supporting assembly, on site installation time and the required alternation of pre-existing on site equipment may be minimized, thereby affecting substantial economic savings by minimizing the resulting down time of the processing plant.

Abstract: A heat pipe to remove heat from a light fixture in a room of a building that will transfer the fixture heat to a system in a building that will in turn reject or use the fixture heat in a heating, ventilating, air conditioning system for the building.

Abstract: An air conditioning system comprising a heat exchanger using the conduction principle to impart a portion of the heating or cooling from the air exhausted from a building or facility to a make-up air supply and a heat pump which provides supplemental heating or cooling for the make-up air supply to bring it to the desired temperature for use in the building or facility.

Abstract: A heat reclaim system for reclaiming waste heat from a material processing line by bleeding a portion of the heated air from one or more points on the material heat processing line and directing such heated air through an economizer containing a bank of serpentine coils. Water is pumped through the economizer coils to extract heat from the air, and the heated water leaving the economizer is piped to another heat exchanger where the reclaimed heat is extracted from the water for use in other processes. More than one economizer may be provided in each heat reclaim system for receiving bleed-off air from different points on the material heat processing line, with the economizers connected in series to obtain the highest temperature difference between the air and water.

Abstract: A plurality of parallel heat pipes extends between supply and exhaust ducts leading to and from an industrial or habitable enclosure. The heat pipes are mounted on, but at a fixed angular offset from, an axis about which they can be angularly rotated within the exhaust and supply ducts. Their mounting is also at an angular inclination to gravitational force to assure unidirectional operation. In this arrangement, the heat input is into the lower side of the heat pipes for proper operation. For two-season operation, rotation of the heat pipes by 180.degree. ensures that the lower side of the heat pipes will always be in the warmer duct, whether exhaust or supply. Temperature control of incoming air is obtained by slight angular rotation of the heat pipes so that a part of each air stream in the exhaust and supply ducts bypasses the heat pipes. Defrost control is also obtained by a similar slight angular rotation of the heat exchanger, although a complete 180.degree.

Abstract: The preheater for a clothes dryer preheats ambient air taken into the dryer by heat transfer from hot air discharged from the dryer, thus reducing the energy requirements of the dryer. The preheater includes a box with a heat conductive partition defining a first passage for flow of ambient air into the dryer and a second passage for flow of hot discharge air from the dryer reverse to the ambient air flow so that there is a relatively high temperature difference between the passages for effective heat transfer. Heat is transferred through the partition from discharge air to ambient air, and the partition has a serpentine configuration for increasing its heat exchanging surface area, thus improving heat transfer.

Abstract: A ventilating system which affords recuperative heat exchange between the supply air and the spent air and which incorporates a refrigerating machine as a heat pump which may be operated either to supplement the recuperative heat exchange or to cool the supply air without recuperative heat exchange between the supply air and the spent air. The system includes a heat exchanger in the supply-air duct and a second heat exchanger in the spent-air duct. The two heat exchangers are interconnected in a fluid circuit so that during the heating season, the fluid is heated by the spent air to warm the supply air. When the refrigerating machine is operting as a heat pump, the fluid discharged from the supply-air heat exchanger is passed through the evaporator and the fluid passing from the spent-air exchanger to the supply-air exchanger is passed through the condenser.

Abstract: An air ventilating unit provided with a rotary heat exchanger assembly communicating between an incoming air passage and an outgoing air passage for heat recovery in air conditioning. The ventilating unit is adopted to enable direct deposition on the upper wall of an air conditioner. When the ventilating unit is mounted on the air conditioning unit, the outside air (fresh air) outlet formed in the front wall of the ventilating unit is positioned closely adjacent to the air outlet of the air conditioning unit. Room air inlets are formed on both side walls of the ventilating unit.

Abstract: A heat transfer apparatus for cooling a hot process gas to a temperature close to its dew point without condensation. The hot gas passes through a first chamber while air to be heated passes in an adjacent second chamber. A series of fluid containing tubes extend back and forth between the two chambers. The fluid continuously flowing through the tubes extracts heat from the hot gas and transfers it to the air to be heated.

Abstract: A heat and moisture exchanger consists of a folded sheet of water permeable paper having a plurality of folds. Separators are placed between said folds to provide air passages. Air is directed in one direction through the folds on one side of said folded paper. The return air flows in the opposite direction through said folds on the other side of said folded paper. Water and heat are transferred through the paper from one air stream to the other air stream flowing in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A heat recovery apparatus in which an exhaust gas section and a fresh air section are disposed in side-by-side relationship to form an integral unit, for recovering heat from a stack or flue and discharging fresh air into a space to be heated. Heat pipe units extend from the hot gas passage of one section into the fresh air passage of the other section to transfer the heat between the two passages, the air flow in the exhaust gas section being in a series flow relationship and the flow in the fresh air section being in a parallel flow relationship. Louvers are provided for controlling the flow of exhaust gases and fresh air through the respective passages, and blowers are used to force the exhaust gases and fresh air through the passage. The passages of each section are provided with a main and by-pass passages controlled by louvers which are used to regulate the heat recovery and output of the unit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger (air preheater) comprising two series-connected sections, the section comprising the flue gas outlet having double-walled partitions with intermediate spaces in which a vaporizable medium is present for isothermalizing the said partitions in the flow direction in order to prevent the deposition of corrosive substances such as sulphur compounds.

Abstract: A room air conditioning apparatus for exchanging heat and/or moisture between fresh atmospheric air entering the room from the outside and consumed air being discharged from the room combines high capacity with relatively small dimensions, low air velocities and small pressure drops so as to minimize generation of disturbing noise. Within a casing, a motor-driven regenerative-type rotor passes through two air stream zones in the first of which is a motor-driven fan for discharge of consumed room air into the outer atmosphere and in the second of which is a motor-driven fan for supply of fresh air to the room from the outer atmosphere. In the rotor, the two air streams exchange heat and/or moisture content so that the supply of fresh air is given a desired, predetermined temperature and a desired moisture content.

Abstract: At a heat source, such as a nuclear reactor, phosgene is reacted to form a mixture of carbon monoxide and chlorine. This mixture of gases is cooled by heat exchange with incoming cold phosgene and is pumped through a first pipeline at ambient temperature to an energy use area. At the energy use end of the first pipeline the gas mixture is heated in the presence of a catalyst, such as activated charcoal. The CO and Cl.sub.2 react exothermically to form COCl.sub.2 (phosgene) with the liberation of 26 keal per mol of phosgene formed. The heat evolved from this reaction is released across a heat exchanger for the boiling of water and superheating of the resultant steam to a temperature in the 400.degree.-500.degree.C range for use as process heat or the generation of electricity. The phosgene produced is cooled and then returned to the heat source end via a second pipeline for repetition of the closed loop process described.