Abstract: Systems and methods include a computer-implemented method: Historical and forecasted field life data for existing gas wells is received, including pressure and temperature data at different depths of the existing gas wells over the life of the existing gas wells. Using the historical and forecasted field life data for the existing gas wells, a sub-erosion production rates model is generated for in situ estimation of sub-erosion for gas wells. Well parameters for a subject gas well are received. Using the well parameters of the subject gas well, the sub-erosion production rates model is executed to identify high-erosion risk spots in the subject gas well, including using iteratively evaluating results using three different methods. Outputs of the sub-erosion production rates model are provided for presentation to a user in a graphical user interface (GUI).

Abstract: A downhole tool, for removing sections of metal tubing, said downhole tool comprising at least one conductive element being arranged to corrode a section of metal tubing using an electrolytic process, said conductive element being made of electric conductive material, an apparatus to establish a connection to the metal tubing, and a source of electrical power.

Abstract: A system for chemical treatment of producing hydrocarbon wells and other equipment. In one example arrangement, a number of treatment fluids are stored in treatment fluid reservoirs, and a number of carrier fluids are stored in carrier fluid reservoirs. Each reservoir has an associated valve, such that the fluids can be selectively drawn from the reservoirs and pumped to a treatment target. The treatment fluid reservoirs may be connected to a treatment fluid manifold, and the carrier fluid reservoirs may be connected to a carrier fluid manifold. Fluids drawn from the reservoirs may be directed to a distribution manifold and delivered to specific treatment targets using valves on outlets of the distribution manifold.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for analyzing a sample of fluid extracted from a hydrocarbon-producing geological formation to detect a quantitative amount of hydrogen sulfide or disclosed. The systems methods and devices involve including a scavenger within a sample compartment to react with the hydrogen sulfide therein. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the sample may be derived as a function of the amount of scavenger remaining in the sample after reaction with hydrogen sulfide, an amount of byproduct of a reaction between the scavenger and the hydrogen sulfide, or an amount of hydrogen sulfide as measured following a secondary reaction that releases the hydrogen sulfide from the scavenger.

Abstract: A corrosion measuring tool for controlling corrosion in an oil well with a tubing has a hollow cylindrical barrel, a hollow element, an expandable sleeve, at least one coupon for corrosion measurement and an elongated member. The hollow element is located at the upper end of the hollow cylindrical barrel and has a conical upper portion and a cylindrical lower portion. The cylindrical lower portion is slidable within the barrel. The cylindrical lower portion has linkage and sliding retention. An expandable sleeve is located at the upper end of the hollow cylindrical barrel, below the conical upper portion. The sleeve has a fastener. Movement of the hollow element relative to the barrel in a downward direction causes the conical upper portion to expand the expandable sleeve. Movement of the hollow element in an upwardly direction releases the expandable sleeve to separate the fastener from the tubing.

Abstract: Provided is a chemical injection pump that is installed below an electric submersible pump. In general, the chemical injection pump is either driven by an electric motor that draws power from the electric submersible pump motor or from energized fluid leaving the electric submersible pump output port. The electric submersible pump provides electric or hydraulic power to run the chemical injection pump. Therefore, no surface chemical injection pump is required and hence less space is needed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detection of pipe characteristics, such as defect detection of downhole tubulars and overall thickness estimation of downhole tubulars (e.g., pipes such as casing and/or production tubing).

Abstract: A system including a frac head system, including a frac head configured to retain portions of an isolation sleeve that separates frac fluid from tubing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a subterranean formation wherein a fluid containing an ammonium salt of glutamic acid N,N-diacetic acid (GLDA) or methylglycine N,N-diacetic acid (MGDA) is introduced into the formation.

Abstract: An immersion probe is described that includes sensing elements that allow for hydrate inhibitor dosage to be more efficiently provided into gas and/or oil wells. The immersion probe allows for detection of first appearance of water in a multiphase flow in a well, measuring the amount of inhibitor in water within the well, determining an accurate water-cut, and measuring other property such as water salinity. Accordingly, with the known water-cut, salinity and the water flow rate inferred from the inhibitor injection flow rate and inhibitor-in-water fraction, a correct dosage of the inhibitor can be injected to the well in order to prevent hydrate formation, while reducing overdosing. Water flow rate may also be inferred from an independently measured liquid flow rate and the immersion-probe measured water cut.

Abstract: A method and system that characterizes hydrogen sulfide in petroleum fluid employs a tool that includes a fluid analyzer for performing fluid analysis (including optical density (OD) for measuring carbon dioxide concentration) of a live oil sample, and a storage chamber for an analytical reagent fluidly coupled to a measurement chamber. An emulsion from fluid of the sample and the reagent is produced into the measurement chamber. The reagent changes color due to pH changes arising from chemical reactions between components of the sample and the reagent in the measurement chamber. The tool includes an optical sensor system that measures OD of a water phase of the emulsion at one or more determined wavelengths. The pH of the water phase is derived from such OD measurements. The pH of the water phase and the carbon dioxide concentration in the sample is used to calculate hydrogen sulfide concentration in the sample.

Abstract: Alkyl phosphonates prepared from amino acids suitable for use in inhibiting scale. The phosphonates are obtained as reaction mixtures where the level of alkyl phosphonation is deliberately controlled to provide only partial alkyl phosphonation of the amino acid. The resulting alkyl phosphonates exhibit improved environmental properties compared to the fully substituted species, while still exhibiting acceptable efficacy in the control of scale. The compositions possess advantages over existing phosphonates in that they exhibit higher biodegradation by method OECD 306. They also offer lower toxicity to marine life compared to the fully substituted species and are not expected to bioaccumulate.

Abstract: Embodiments may take the form of a tool string sub. The tool string sub may include a longitudinally extending tubular housing having an outside surface and an inside surface. A stepped circumferential portion of the inside surface of the housing bisects the interior surface of the housing. A degradation part is connected adjacent to the stepped portion of the housing and is supported by the housing and at least one moveable support part protruding inward and beyond the inner surface of the housing. The support part has a first position where the degradation part is at first stress and a second position where the degradation part is at a second stress greater than the first stress. At least one end of the tool string sub is adapted to connect with a tool string.

Abstract: A downhole formation fluid pumping and a sampling apparatus are disclosed that may form part of a formation evaluation while drilling tool or part of a tool pipe string. The operation of the pump is optimized based upon parameters generated from formation pressure test data as well as tool system data thereby ensuring optimum performance of the pump at higher speeds and with greater dependability. New pump designs for fluid sampling apparatuses for use in MWD systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a wellbore fluid that includes treating a wellbore fluid with an emulsifying fluid, the emulsifying fluid comprising: a hydroxylated ether; an amphoteric chemotrope; and testing the treated wellbore fluid for at least one of turbidity and total suspended solids is disclosed. Methods of cleaning wellbores are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods of producing a sour hydrocarbon gas via production tubing intersecting a reservoir, are described, one method including contacting an underground reservoir with an aqueous composition optionally comprising an additive, the reservoir comprising hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds; displacing the composition into the reservoir by forcing a fluid (which may be a non-hydrocarbon gas, or inert gas, or nitrogen, or argon, or mixture thereof), into the reservoir, or into the production tubing; and producing at least some of the hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds from the reservoir through the production tubing, the composition wetting the production tubing and preventing substantial deposition of elemental sulfur thereon.

Abstract: A technique facilitates monitoring of conditions which are prone to cause scale precipitation around downhole equipment. The technique also enables a local, downhole reaction to the potential for precipitation of scale. A downhole scale monitoring and inhibition system may be provided with a measurement module and injection module. The measurement module monitors at least one downhole parameter indicative of the potential for scale formation. In response to data output from the measurement module, the injection module is operated to provide downhole, local injections of an inhibitor chemical.

Abstract: A disclosed downhole optical sensor system includes at least one optical sensor positioned in a borehole and coupled to an interface via a fiber optic cable. Each of the optical sensors includes a waveguide for conducting light, and a reagent region positioned between the waveguide and a fluid in the borehole to absorb a portion of the light from the waveguide, the portion being dependent upon a concentration of a chemical species in the fluid. A described method for operating a well includes deploying one or more downhole optical sensors in a fluid flow path in the well, probing the one or more downhole optical sensors from a surface interface to detect concentrations of one or more chemical species, and deriving a rate of scale buildup or corrosion based at least in part on the detected concentrations.

Abstract: A method of providing information regarding erosion in an oil and/or a gas production system, which system includes at least one equipment/piping, the method including the steps of obtaining CFD results regarding hot spots in the equipment/piping from a CFD analysis of the equipment/piping for a range of pressures, flow rates and sand rates; and to, during production, obtaining data regarding erosion rates in a particular location in the system; and combining the data regarding erosion rates and CFD results to estimate and monitor sand erosion rates in the hot spots of the system. Further disclosed is a module performing the method steps as well as a computer program.

Abstract: A tool string sub. A longitudinally extending tubular housing has an outside surface and an inside surface. A stepped circumferential portion of the inside surface of the housing bisects the interior surface of the housing. A degradation part is connected adjacent to the stepped portion of the housing and is supported by the housing and at least one moveable support part protruding inward and beyond the inner surface of the housing. The support part has a first position where the degradation part is at one stress and a second position where the degradation part is at a second stress greater than the first stress. At least one end of the tool string sub is adapted to connect with a tool string.

Abstract: A method usable with a subterranean well that includes actuating a downhole tool (a valve assembly, for example). The method also includes applying at least one of an impulse stimulus and a vibration stimulus to the tool during the actuating to enhance operation of the tool.

Abstract: A technique facilitates monitoring of conditions which are prone to cause scale precipitation around downhole equipment. The technique also enables a local, downhole reaction to the potential for precipitation of scale. A downhole scale monitoring and inhibition system may be provided with a measurement module and injection module. The measurement module monitors at least one downhole parameter indicative of the potential for scale formation. In response to data output from the measurement module, the injection module is operated to provide downhole, local injections of an inhibitor chemical.

Abstract: Methods of producing a sour hydrocarbon gas via production tubing intersecting a reservoir, are described, one method including contacting an underground reservoir with an aqueous composition optionally comprising an additive, the reservoir comprising hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds; displacing the composition into the reservoir by forcing a fluid (which may be a non-hydrocarbon gas, or inert gas, or nitrogen, or argon, or mixture thereof), into the reservoir, or into the production tubing; and producing at least some of the hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds from the reservoir through the production tubing, the composition wetting the production tubing and preventing substantial deposition of elemental sulfur thereon.

Abstract: A technique enables the cleaning of scale from a well and the monitoring of scale removal. A scale removal tool and a radiation detector are deployed simultaneously into a wellbore having scale with a radioactive signature. The scale removal tool is used to remove deposits from a well component, e.g. from the interior of a tubular member. The radiation detector enables the measuring and monitoring of scale removal. Data related to the scale removal can be output for use by an operator to help optimize scale removal and fluid flow.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing corrosion risk of a buried pipe due to DC stray currents and/or AC voltages induced in soil employs a metal probe including a first, exposed part having a first specific resistivity, and a second, sealed reference part having a second specific resistivity. The probe is buried in the soil, and the AC current and voltage between the pipe and the probe are measured, from which the spread resistance is determined. The resistances of the first and second probe parts are determined by respectively passing first and second excitation currents through the first and second probe parts and measuring the voltages across them. The resistance measurements are stored, and the steps are repeated periodically. The corrosion of the first probe part is determined from the measurements according to an algorithm, and the pipe corrosion risk is diagnosed from an empirical combination of the corrosion of the first probe part, the spread resistance, and the AC voltage measured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detection of hydrogen sulfide in downhole operations. A downhole tool is provided with a coupon adapted to react at varying degrees to exposure to concentrations of hydrogen sulfide. The downhole tool is positioned in the wellbore with the coupon(s) exposed to downhole fluids. A reaction to a change in the coupon, such as coloration, is used to determine the presence and concentration of hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: A method for predicting scale deposition in a general environment has been discovered which involves providing a localized environment where scale would preferentially form, where the localized environment is adjacent the general environment. Monitoring the deposition of scale in the localized environment is performed for the purpose of taking preemptive action to prevent scale deposition in the general environment once scale begins to form, or a certain threshold is reached. Scale is removed from the localized environment so that monitoring can be performed by the probe again. Preemptive action will often be the introduction of a scale inhibiting agent into the general environment. An apparatus for practicing the method of predicting and preventing scale deposition in a general environment is also described.

Abstract: A downhole cathodic protection cable system includes an attachment shoe electrically connected to a metallic structure at a distance substantially below the earth's surface, and an electrical cable having a first end connected to a connection structure substantially at the earth's surface and a second end electrically connected to the attachment shoe. The first end is connected through the connection structure to provide current to the cable sufficient to prevent substantial corrosion surrounding the attachment shoe.

Abstract: A method of cathodic current optimization measures drill stem resistances along a well hole being drilled, correlates the drill stem resistances to respective types of underground formations at corresponding positions along the well hole, predicts a respective position of at least one anodic area on a well casing to be installed and determines an amount of cathodic current to be applied thereto.

Abstract: A method for designing acid treatments provides for the selection of optimal treatment for well stimulation wherein reservoir characteristics are obtained to further select the reaction kinetic data on the minerals of interests, the treatment to the reservoir is scaled up using a mathematical model and real time damage are computed based on bottomhole pressure and injection rate and compared to that predicted by the mathematical model to adjust the treatment. The model generated facilitates optimization of matrix treatments by providing a rapid quantitative evaluation of various treatment strategies for a formation. Stimulation with non-traditional fluid recipes containing mixtures of inorganic and organic acids, and chelating agents can be readily computed. The computed values can then be used in an economic model to justify the additional costs associated with the use of the non-traditional fluids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system that monitors and controls the precipitation of asphaltenes in a formation fluid recovered from a subsurface formation or reservoir by using a sensor to make a direct real-time on-site measurement of the relative concentration asphaltenes from at least one location at a wellsite or in a pipeline. In a system including a fiber optic attenuated total reflectance probe for sensing asphaltenes and using a processor to compare sequential measurements, the system of the present invention can trigger the addition of additives in response to a change in asphaltene concentration in the formation fluid, preventing precipitation.

Abstract: Method of predicting paraffin deposition risks during hydrocarbon production and/or transport, applicable at an early reservoir characterization and production stage.

Abstract: A method for predicting scale deposition in a general environment has been discovered which involves providing a localized environment where scale would preferentially form, where the localized environment is adjacent the general environment. Monitoring the deposition of scale in the localized environment is performed for the purpose of taking preemptive action to prevent scale deposition in the general environment once scale begins to form, or a certain threshold is reached. Scale is removed from the localized environment so that monitoring can be performed by the probe again. Preemptive action will often be the introduction of a scale inhibiting agent into the general environment. An apparatus for practicing the method of predicting and preventing scale deposition in a general environment is also described.

Abstract: A sampling device for use downhole is provided comprising a hollow body (24) having a fluid inlet port (26) for fluid entry to the interior thereof, characterised by a gas extraction system (64) associated with the hollow body (24) and capable of securing as a non-volatile component at least part of a volatile component dissolved in a fluid entering the hollow body (24), the gas extraction system being removable therefrom to allow quantitative analysis of the non-volatile component to be undertaken. The gas extraction system (64) is placed in a supplementary chamber (46) having an inlet (50) and an outlet (52) which is attached to the hollow body and through which fluid passes to enter the hollow body. The gas extraction system is iron oxide to fix sulphur from volatile hydrogen sulphide for later analysis.