Abstract: A method for acidizing a subterranean formation is disclosed. The method includes using an acid to lower the pH of a fluid within a subterranean formation. The method further includes reacting exothermic reaction components in the fluid within the subterranean formation to heat the subterranean formation. The method additionally includes acidizing the subterranean formation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to delivery and release systems, such as core-shell particles. An exemplary composition according to the disclosure can include a degradable polymeric shell surrounding a core that includes a crosslinker, which can encompass a metal, such as chromium. The core-shell particles can be provided with a gel-forming polymer, such as a polyacrylamide, into a subterranean reservoir having conditions such that the shell of the core-shell polymer degrades, and the so-released metal is effective to at least partially crosslink the gel-forming polymer to form a gel. The so-formed gel can be effective to control water flow through the subterranean reservoir, such as in relation to a waterflood of the reservoir.

Abstract: A method of extracting hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation comprises forming a suspension comprising reactive particles and a carrier fluid. The suspension is introduced into a subterranean formation containing a hydrocarbon material. At least a portion of the reactive particles are exothermically reacted with at least one other material within the subterranean formation to form a treated hydrocarbon material from the hydrocarbon material. The treated hydrocarbon material is extracted from the subterranean formation. An additional method of extracting hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation, and a method of treating a hydrocarbon material within a subterranean formation are also described.

Abstract: A method of increasing a permeability of a strata includes positioning an electromagnetic tool at a first location of the strata, generating a first time-varying magnetic field using the electromagnetic tool, and applying a first time-varying magnetic force to a first magnetic material of the strata using the first time-varying magnetic field, where the strata includes a first plurality of pores. The method further includes fracturing the strata to increase the permeability of the strata proximate the first location using the first time-varying magnetic force.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a crosslinking composition for use in crosslinking an aqueous suspension of guar, for use as a well treatment fluid and/or proppant carrier fluid for natural gas extraction. The present crosslinking composition is an aqueous suspension of hydroboracite. The composition may also comprise varying amounts of borax, canola oil, xanthan, glycerol, and/or NaOH. The composition may be selected to effect a desired delay in the crosslinking reaction in order to customize the viscosity and reaction time to the method of use, thereby maximizing proppant delivery while minimizing pump pressure.

Abstract: Provided in this disclosure, in part, are methods, compositions, and systems for degrading organic matter, such as kerogen, in a subterranean formation. Further, these methods, compositions, and systems allow for increased hydraulic fracturing efficiencies in subterranean formations, such as unconventional rock reservoirs. Also provided in this disclosure is a method of treating kerogen in a subterranean formation including placing in the subterranean formation a composition that includes a first oxidizer including a persulfate and a second oxidizer including a bromate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling flow in downhole operations are described. Systems and methods may include a composition including a fracturing fluid base; one or more ionic compounds; a polymer; a crosslinking agent; and a pH modifier. A breaker may be provided in the composition. The composition may be provided to a formation to control flow, and syneresis may occur.

Abstract: A method of treating a fluid in a subterranean formation comprises injecting a fluid into the subterranean formation, the fluid containing dissolved oxygen; contacting the fluid with an oxygen removal device, the oxygen removal device comprising an anode, a cathode comprising metallic nanoparticles loaded on a support, an ion exchange membrane disposed between, and electrically separating the anode and the cathode, and a power source electrically coupled to the anode and the cathode; and reducing the amount of the dissolved oxygen in the fluid.

Abstract: The invention is directed to delayed gelation agents comprising a degradable polymeric cage containing therein one or more gelation agents. The cage degrades in situ, e.g., in an oil reservoir, thus releasing the gelation agent(s), which can then crosslink second polymers in situ to form a gel.

Abstract: Compositions for removing filter cake from a subterranean borehole and methods for degrading filter cake and filter cake removal are provided. The composition contains an encapsulated peroxygen (e.g., acrylic resin coated ammonium persulfate), a surfactant (e.g., nonionic surfactant), and optionally an unencapsulated peroxygen. The method (e.g., a one-step method) involves contacting the filter cake with the composition, and allowing the composition to remain in contact with the filter cake for a period of time sufficient to degrade the filter cake. The reaction of the composition with the filter cake results in acidic conditions, thereby eliminating any need for follow up acid treatments. The composition is stable enough to effectively remove filter cake at temperatures up to 250° F. or greater. Through filter cake removal, the method provides for increased flow, production, and/or recovery of oil and gas hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A cleanup fluid for reducing a viscosity of a residual viscous material in fractures of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The cleanup fluid includes an exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: A downhole assembly comprising: a tubing string located within a wellbore; an outer housing located around a portion of the tubing string; an annulus located between the outside of the tubing string and the inside of the outer housing; at least one flow path through the annulus; an inflow control device positioned within the flow path; and a degradable rod, wherein the degradable rod fits into the flow path adjacent to the inflow control device, and wherein the degradable rod is positionable within the flow path or removable from the flow path. The downhole assembly can be used in an oil or gas operation to variably control the amount of a fluid flowing through the annulus.

Abstract: The disclosure describes aqueous fracking fluid comprising crosslinked cationic cellulose, methods for preparing the aqueous fracking fluid, and methods of using the aqueous fracking fluid.

Abstract: A wellbore treatment fluid comprising: a base fluid; and an extruded substance comprising: a degradable matrix; and an additive, wherein the degradable matrix provides a time-delayed release of the additive into a wellbore fluid for a desired period of time. A method of treating a portion of a well comprising: introducing the treatment fluid into the well; and causing or allowing at least a portion of the degradable matrix to degrade, wherein degradation of the degradable matrix releases at least some of the additive into the wellbore fluid.

Abstract: Methods, fluids, compositions, and suspensions are provided for treating subterranean formations. The fluids can be servicing fluids, such as drilling or fracturing fluids. The fluids may include an aqueous base fluid and a polysaccharide. The aqueous base fluid may be admixed with a crosslinker suspension. The crosslinker suspension may include an emulsion, an emulsifier, and a boron containing compound.

Abstract: A downhole fluid comprises a base fluid, for example a hydrocarbon base fluid, and a gelling agent. The gelling agent has an aromatic core of one or more aromatic rings, the gelling agent having two or more amide branches distributed about the aromatic core, each of the two or more amide branches having one or more organic groups. An example gelling agent is a pyromellitamide gelling agent. The pyromellitamide gelling agent may have the general formula of: with R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 each being a hydrogen or an organic group. Methods of use and composition are discussed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter cake removal composition, and method of use thereof, for use in a wellbore for controlled removal of a filter cake present in a target production zone. The filter cake removal composition includes hydrochloric acid and an organic acid. The filter cake removal composition, when a mixture of the hydrochloric acid and the organic acid is applied to the filter cake in the target production zone, is operable to dissolve the filter cake in the target production zone over an extended reaction time. The mixture includes the hydrochloric acid present in an amount of between about 0.1% and 5% by weight and the organic acid present in an amount of between about 0.1% and 10% by weight.

Abstract: A method of fracturing a subterranean formation penetrated by a well comprises: forming a fracturing composition comprising a carrier fluid; and a superabsorbent polymer component comprising one or more of the following: a first composite of a proppant and a first superabsorbent polymer in an unhydrated form, the first superabsorbent polymer being at least partially embedded in a void area of the proppant; a coated superabsorbent polymer; a superabsorbent material having a three-dimensional network; or a second composite of a second superabsorbent polymer and a slow-release breaker; and pumping the hydraulic fracturing composition into the subterranean formation to create or enlarge a fracture.

Abstract: A variety of methods and compositions are disclosed, including, in one embodiment, a method of treating a subterranean formation comprising: providing coated particles, wherein the coated particles comprise solid particles coated with an expandable coating; and introducing the coated particles into a permeable zone of the subterranean formation such that the coated particles form a barrier to fluid flow in the permeable zone. In another embodiment, a method of drilling a well bore may be provided, the method comprising: including coated particles in a drilling fluid, the coated particles comprising solid particles coated with an expandable coating; using a drill bit to enlarge the well bore; and circulating the drilling fluid past the drill bit.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for use in subterranean operations are disclosed comprising providing a treatment fluid that comprises a base fluid, a gelling agent, and a synergistic breaker composition, comprising: a controlled degradable acid generating material, and an oxidizing component; introducing the treatment fluid into a formation; allowing the synergistic breaker composition to substantially reduce the viscosity of the treatment fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating high-pressure pulses in a subterranean dielectric medium are provided. The method includes providing an electrode assembly in the medium, the electrode assembly having first and second electrodes that define a gap therebetween. A shaped electric current pulse is delivered to the electrode assembly. The electric current pulse has a duration greater than 100 ?s so that an electric arc is formed between the first and second electrodes, thereby producing a pressure pulse in the medium.

Abstract: Methods including preparing a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid, a gelling agent, and crosslinkable proppant particulates comprising proppant particulates having covalently grafted thereon a boronic acid functional group; crosslinking the crosslinkable proppant particulates with the gelling agent, thereby suspending the crosslinkable proppant particulates in the treatment fluid; introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation having at least one fracture therein; and placing the crosslinkable proppant particulates into the at least one fracture to form a proppant pack therein.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a well treatment method comprising the steps of injecting into a well a fluid loss control agent comprising a chelating agent, a viscosity increasing agent, and a plurality of at least partially insoluble bridging solid particles dispersed therein, wherein the chelating agent is effective to at least partially solubilize at least a portion of the bridging solid particles over a solubilizing period of time for thereafter substantially dissolving the bridging solid particles, wherein the solubilizing period of time is controlled by the concentration of the viscosity increasing agent, the concentration of the chelating agent, the composition of the metal salt, the pH of the fluid loss control agent, or a combination thereof. A fluid loss control agent is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method comprises obtaining or providing a treatment fluid comprising a viscosifier polymer; an aqueous carrier fluid comprising high total dissolved solids; and a polymer composition comprising at least one of polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid. In some embodiments, the treatment fluid has a viscosity at 140C and at a shear rate of about 0.1 s?1 to about 1 s?1 of about 1,500 cP to about 10,000 cP. The method includes placing the treatment fluid in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A method of treating a subterranean formation includes providing capsules comprising at least one of a mineral acid, a Lewis acid, a hydrolysable acid precursor, and mixtures thereof; providing a carrier fluid; placing the capsules and the carrier fluid into a zone in a shale formation, the zone comprising fractures; allowing the capsules to at least partially dissolve. Upon the hydrolysis of the acid, etching of the faces of the fractures occurs.

Abstract: A cleanup fluid for reducing a viscosity of a residual viscous material in fractures of a hydrocarbon-bearing formation is disclosed. The cleanup fluid includes an acid precursor, the acid precursor operable to trigger an exothermic reaction component and the exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: Provided is a method and composition for the in-situ generation of synthetic sweet spots in tight-gas formations. The composition can include nitrogen generating compounds, which upon activation, react to generate heat and nitrogen gas. The method of using the composition includes injecting the composition into a tight-gas formation such that upon activation, the heat and nitrogen gas generated.

Abstract: A method for completing a wellbore may include introducing an oil-containing wellbore fluid into a wellbore having water-based filtercake on walls thereof, contacting the oil-containing wellbore fluid with an oil-swellable element in the wellbore; and allowing swelling of the oil-swellable element, where the oil-containing wellbore fluid is substantially free of unassociated surfactants, emulsifiers, or dispersants and may include an oleaginous fluid and a weighting agent.

Abstract: Treatment fluids for use in a well, the treatment fluids including: (a) water; (b) hydroxyalkylcellulose, wherein the hydroxyalkylcellulose is hydrated in the water-based continuous phase; (c) a crosslinker for the hydroxyalkylcellulose; (d) magnesium peroxide in particulate form; and (e) a transition metal containing complex having at least one organic ligand. Methods of treating a treatment zone in a well, the methods comprising: (A) forming a treatment fluid according to the disclosure; and (B) introducing the treatment fluid into a well.

Abstract: A composition for improved hydrocarbon recovery from a formation due to cleanup of a residual viscous material is provided. The composition comprises an acid precursor, the acid precursor operable to trigger an exothermic reaction component; and the exothermic reaction component operable to generate heat, where the heat is operable to reduce a viscosity of the residual viscous material to create a reduced viscosity material, the reduced viscosity material operable to flow from the fractures.

Abstract: A method is provided to deliver energy downhole with a heat and nitrogen generating reaction, wherein the heat and nitrogen generating reaction occurs in-situ with an acid-generating reaction. The heat and nitrogen generating reaction is initiated by injecting into a reservoir a) nitrogen gas-generating reactants which react to generate heat at a pH of less than 8.0; b) an acid precursor which is capable of hydrolyzing in-situ in the reservoir to generate a sufficient amount of acid to maintain the reactants at a pH of less than 8.0, for a reaction that generates at least 20 kcal of heat per mole of reactants.

Abstract: Wellbore servicing fluid are provided that comprise a viscosifying polymeric material, a breaking agent comprising an inorganic peroxide of a divalent metal M(II) characterized by the general formula MO2, and a break rate controlling additive comprising a M(II) soluble salt, a M(II) precipitating salt, a M(II) surface precipitating salt, a M(II) solution precipitating salt, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A method for degrading a downhole article includes exposing the downhole article to a composition comprising a corrosive agent selected from an ester, aminocarboxylic acid, or a combination thereof. The method also includes contacting the downhole article with the corrosive agent to degrade the downhole article. Additionally, a composition for degrading a downhole article includes water, salt, and a corrosive agent selected from a reducing sugar, ester, aminocarboxylic acid, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In a slick-water fracturing operation, a composition is used to prevent the interaction between a polymer in a water-based fracturing fluid and naturally-occurring metal ions. The composition includes a metal-complexing agent, such as a chelating agent. The chelating agent can also be biodegradable and is citric acid in embodiments. The metal-complexing agent can be coated with one or two coatings to create a time-released form. The time-released form prevents loss of the agent prior to delivery at the shale.

Abstract: A method for increasing the permeability of a geologic formation by fracturing includes the step of pumping a solution of a borohydride into a well bore. The solution may also include a basic material such as sodium hydroxide. This step may be followed by pumping a second acidic solution into the well bore.

Abstract: Composition for the removal or inactivation of hydrogen sulfide or other species comprising ionizable sulfur (e.g., mercaptans, thiols, etc.) using compositions containing acrylonitrile and/or derivatives thereof are provided. Methods for the removal or inactivation of hydrogen sulfide or other sulfur species in oilfield sites and other related applications using compositions containing acrylonitrile and/or derivatives thereof are provided.

Abstract: A method of servicing a wellbore in a subterranean formation comprising placing a composition comprising an acid and/or an acid precursor, a surfactant, and an aqueous base fluid into contact with oil-wet solids in the wellbore; wherein the acid and/or acid precursor is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid; lactic acid; glycolic acid; oxalic acid; propionic acid; butyric acid; monochloroacetic acid; dichloroacetic acid; trichloroacetic acid; hydrochloric acid; nitric acid; sulphuric acid; sulphonic acid; sulphinic acid; phosphoric acid; phosphorous acid; phosphonic acid; phosphinic acid; sulphamic acid; aliphatic polyesters; glucono-delta-lactone; glucoheptonic lactone; poly(?-caprolactones); poly(hydroxybutyrates); poly(anhydrides); aliphatic polycarbonates; poly(amino acids); polyphosphazenes; poly(ortho esters); or combinations thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the well drilling field in petroleum industry, in particular to a drilling fluid additive composition and a water-based drilling fluid suitable for high pressure plugging while drilling. The composition contains a bridging agent, a nano-plugging agent, a rheological modifier, a bionic wall bracing agent, and a bionic shale inhibitor, wherein, the bridging agent is a weak-crosslinked copolymer, in which the content of cross-linker structures is 0.1-1 wt. %; the nano-plugging agent is modified nanometer silicon dioxide particles; the rheological modifier is a dimer acid-organic amine copolymer; and the bionic wall bracing agent is carboxymethyl chitosan with a dopamine-derived base group grafted on its main chain.

Abstract: Methods of treating a portion of a subterranean formation, including providing a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid, a treating agent, a foaming agent, a gas source, and a self-degradable diverting agent; placing the treatment fluid into the portion of the subterranean formation; and degrading the self-degradable diverting agent within the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A capsule for carrying a proppant for emplaced in a formation containing formation fluid by a hydraulic fracture operation using a fracturing fluid. The capsule includes a capsule body. The capsule body includes a proppant. There is a surface layer on the capsule body that is permeable to the formation fluid or the fracturing fluid or is permeable to both the formation fluid and the fracturing fluid. The proppant material is dry cement that interacts with the formation fluid or the fracturing fluid or both the formation fluid and the fracturing fluid that migrate through the surface layer and is taken up by the dry cement causing the dry cement to harden.

Abstract: Methods of actuating a well tool can include releasing chemical energy from at least one portion of a reactive material, thermally expanding a substance in response to the released chemical energy, and applying pressure to a piston as a result of thermally expanding the substance, thereby actuating the well tool, with these steps being repeated for each of multiple actuations of the well tool. A well tool actuator can include a substance contained in a chamber, one or more portions of a reactive material from which chemical energy is released, and a piston to which pressure is applied due to thermal expansion of the substance in response to each release of chemical energy. A well tool actuator which can be actuated multiple times may include multiple portions of a gas generating reactive material, and a piston to which pressure is applied due to generation of the gas.

Abstract: A method of treating a subterranean formation, the method including placing a well treatment fluid comprised of at least an enzyme and a breaker additive in the subterranean formation. Initially, the pH of the well treatment fluid is about 11.5. The breaker additive reduces the pH of the well treatment fluid by at least 1.5 to increase the activity of enzyme and accelerate hydrolysis of a crosslinkable component.

Abstract: A district public water supply pipe network system compatible for ground source heat pump water and reclaimed water comprises a water supply main pipe connected with a reclaimed water outlet side of a sewage treatment system and connected to a plurality of energy stations and a plurality of transmission and distribution station, and a return water main pipe arranged between the adjacent energy stations to connect them. The energy stations are provided with a plurality of shallow geothermal heat exchange system for exchanging heat with shallow geothermal energy in the region. Both the energy stations and the transmission and distribution station are connected with corresponding distribution pipe networks connected with a user terminal water supply system. The system provides the source side water and the reclaimed water to users. It is a district public geothermal pipe network and a reclaimed water pipe network.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved bitumen recovery process from oil sands. The oil sands may be surface mined and transported to a treatment area or may be treated directly by means of an in situ process of oil sand deposits that are located too deep for strip mining. Specifically, the present invention involves the step of treating oil sands with a glycol ether amine described by the following structure: R—(OC2H4)x—NH2 or R—(OCH2CH(CH3))y— NH2 wherein R is a C1 to C6 alkyl group or a phenyl group and x and y independently are 1 to 3.

Abstract: Provided is a method and composition for the in-situ generation of synthetic sweet spots in tight-gas formations. The composition can include nitrogen generating compounds, which upon activation, react to generate heat and nitrogen gas. The method of using the composition includes injecting the composition into a tight-gas formation such that upon activation, heat and nitrogen gas are generated. Upon the generation of nitrogen gas and heat within the formation, microfractures are produced within the formation and the hydrostatic pressure within the reservoir is reduced to less than the reservoir fluid pressure, such that the rate of production of hydrocarbons from the formation is increased.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a system and methods for protecting a fluid stream from fouling using particles that include phase change materials. In an example, the particles are injected into the fluid stream and release energy at a selected temperature, which may warm the fluid stream.

Abstract: A method of treating a subterranean formation comprising: introducing a first treatment fluid into a well, wherein the first treatment fluid comprises a base fluid and a scale inhibitor; and introducing a second treatment fluid into the well, wherein the second treatment fluid comprises a base fluid and a surface modification agent, wherein the surface modification agent is a hydrophobically modified polyamide. A method of fracturing a subterranean formation comprising: introducing a fracturing fluid into a well, wherein the introduction of the fracturing fluid creates or enhances a fracture in the subterranean formation, wherein the fracturing fluid comprises: a base fluid; proppant; a scale inhibitor; and the surface modification agent.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating a portion or treatment zone of a well that include introducing one or more treatment fluids into the well, wherein the one or more treatment fluids include: (i) a first reactant and a second reactant, wherein the first reactant and second reactant are selected for being capable of reacting together in an exothermic chemical reaction, and wherein the first and second reactant are in at least sufficient concentrations in the carrier fluid to generate a theoretical heat of reaction of at least 500 kJ/liter of at least one of the treatment fluids; and (ii) a treatment chemical in at least one of the treatment fluids, wherein the treatment chemical is selected for chemically reacting with a substance of a material in the portion or treatment zone of the well. The exothermic reactants and the treatment chemical can be introduced in a single treatment fluid or in separate treatment fluids.

Abstract: A system for reducing buildup of solids in pipes used in underwater oil operations is disclosed. The system includes an annular pipe having an inner pipe wall and an outer pipe wall. The inner pipe wall defines an inner pipe configured to transport an oil. The outer pipe wall is displaced from the inner pipe wall. The outer pipe wall defines an outer pipe between the outer pipe wall and the inner pipe wall. The system includes an oxidizer delivery pipe having an oxidizer delivery outlet. The oxidizer delivery pipe is configured to supply an oxidizer to the outer pipe. The system further includes a fuel delivery pipe having a fuel delivery outlet. The fuel delivery pipe is configured to supply a fuel to the outer pipe. The oxidizer and the fuel release thermal energy in an exothermic reaction.

Abstract: Reaction products of polymeric alkyl phenol formaldehyde resins are useful as additives to inhibit or prevent the deposition or precipitation of asphaltenes in hydrocarbon fluids, particularly crude oil produced from a subterranean formation. These reaction products are formed by reacting a polymeric alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with a co-reactant having functional groups including, but not necessarily limited to, amines, esters, silanes, ketones, epoxides, alkoxides, aryloxides, halogens, alkali metals, alkali earth metals, acetamides, non-metal oxides, metal oxides, where the co-reactant optionally has a carbon chain length between 1 and 22 and the reaction is conducted in the presence of at least one of various solvents. In one non-limiting embodiment, the co-reactant is a silicon derivative.