Abstract: Fire suppression apparatuses include a housing with gas generant material disposed therein, an initiator for igniting the gas generant material, and a cooling system. The cooling system includes a first chamber with a coolant material disposed therein and a second chamber. The coolant material is caused to flow from the first chamber into the second chamber to cool gas formed by the ignition of the gas generant material upon exiting from the housing under pressure. The cooling system may further include a piston disposed within the first chamber and movable responsive to gas pressure. Methods for cooling a fire suppressant gas and methods for suppressing a fire include flowing a fire suppressant gas into first and second chambers of a cooling system, flowing a coolant material from the first chamber into the second chamber, and contacting the fire suppressant gas with the coolant material to cool the fire suppressant gas.

Abstract: Fire-extinguishing agent supplying equipment pressurizes a water-based fire-extinguishing agent and supplies the agent via a pipe; and the water-based fire-extinguishing agent is pressurized and supplied via the pipe to an electrification spray head installed in a protection area A, and the jetted particles of the fire-extinguishing agent are electrified and sprayed from the electrification spray head. A pulsed or alternating electrification voltage is applied to the electrification spray head from a voltage application unit 15, and an external electric field generated by applying the voltage between a water-side electrode unit and an induction electrode unit is applied to the fire-extinguishing agent in a jetting process to electrify the jetted particles.

Abstract: A fire suppression composition includes starch, a pseudo-plastic, high yield, suspending agent, paraffin or olefin, and a neutralizer.

Abstract: The present invention provides azeotrope-like compositions of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprone (HFO-1234ze (Z)) with 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa) and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agent compositions, and aerosol propellants.

Abstract: Aqueous droplets encapsulated in a flame retardant polymer are useful in suppressing combustion. Upon exposure to a flame, the encapsulated aqueous droplets rupture and vaporize, removing heat and displacing oxygen to retard the combustion process. A polymer encapsulant, through decomposition, may further add free radicals to the combustion atmosphere, thereby further retarding the combustion process. The encapsulated aqueous droplets may be used as a replacement to halon, water mist, and dry powder flame suppression systems. In one embodiment of the invention, the aqueous droplets include a gelling agent, such as sodium alginate, and are encapsulated in an alginate-based material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling and extinguishing subterranean coal fires. Suitable detection and measuring devices are initially used to determine the extent of the fire and develop a plan of extinguishment. Flow control devices are added to all the mine's access points in order to control gas flow into and/or out of the mine. In addition, new access points may be added. Gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped into the mine until a positive pressure is developed (with respect to atmospheric pressure. Pressurized and liquefied carbon dioxide is directed into the area of the combustion face. The liquid carbon dioxide blankets the combustion area with a gas which will not support combustion and absorbs a tremendous amount of heat from the burning coal.

Abstract: A fire suppression apparatus, including a support stand including: a rigid surface; a support tube rigidly coupled to the rigid surface, the support tube having a major axis; a pipe disposed within the support tube, the pipe comprising a body having a first end and a second end, the pipe slidably and lockably coupled within the support tube and adjustable in a direction parallel to the major axis, wherein a length of the pipe is greater than a length of the support tube, and wherein the pipe is configured to transport a fluid from the first end to the second end; a valve coupled to the first end of the pipe; and a nozzle coupled to the second end of the pipe. A fire suppression method includes deploying interconnected apparatus at a desired separation distance and gradually increasing water flow through the apparatus.

Abstract: An aerial fire suppression system mountable to a helicopter fuselage is provided. The system having a tank divided into at least two compartments by a barrier. The base of each compartment having an outwardly opening door. The system also having a retractable snorkel unit attached to the tank for transferring liquid from a liquid source into the compartments. An inflatable seal minimizes the leakage of the liquid from the compartments at the junction where the outwardly opening door engages the tank. A modified cyclic controls the operation of the tank and the components thereof. Also described is a method of suppressing a fire using the aerial fire suppression system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering fire retardant to a ground fire from an aircraft. The apparatus includes a dispenser casing that dispenses fire retardant after the casing has been released from an aircraft. The apparatus includes a dispenser fuse that actuates the dispenser casing to dispense the fire retardant in response to one or more predetermined conditions.

Abstract: A one-touch Compressed Air Foam System (CAFS) is provided that allows for a simplified user interface and simplified user operation. The user interface allows the CAFS to activate upon a single press of a single button. An electronic controller checks that several CAFS device parameters show that the CAFS is capable of operating. The controller gathers the device parameter data from a diagnostic system present in the CAFS that gives data pertaining to whether water is flowing, whether foam concentrate is present in the system, whether foam is flowing, and whether the temperature of an air compressor is within a safe range for operation. If the above device parameters are found to be in condition for safe operation of the CAFS, the controller will start and maintain operation until either one of the above falls out of tolerance or the user initiates a shut down of the CAFS.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are flame suppression compounds and methods of use thereof. The compounds include unsaturated fluorocarbons appropriate for use in fire protection applications.

Abstract: A method for extinguishing a full surface liquid tank fire including addressing plunge zone issues, the attack including throwing at least one primary stream over a tank wall, the stream landing with a force of impact in, and defining, a plunge zone; the method including extinguishing a full surface heavy liquid tank fire by teasing the fire prior to employing a non-feathered stream to create a foam blanket.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for hot aisle/cold aisle data center fire suppression according to various aspects of the present invention include a detection system that is configured to be located proximate to a side of a computer cabinet facing a hot aisle and a discharge system that is configured to be located within a subfloor having a cooling airflow that is directed upwards from the subfloor through one or more vents in the subfloor and into a cold aisle. The detection system may be configured to detect a fire condition such as smoke exiting the cabinet and in response generate a signal that activates the discharge system. The discharge system may be configured to inject a fire suppressant into the cooling airflow, whereby the cooling airflow may facilitate delivery of the fire suppressant into the cold aisle and the computer cabinet.

Abstract: Fire-extinguishing system in an air filter system has an inlet chamber and an outlet chamber with a filter wall therebetween. The system includes a first and second sensor, a first and second fire extinguisher, and a control unit, the first sensor and the first extinguisher being disposed in the inlet chamber, the second extinguisher in an outlet chamber and the second sensor being disposed in an outlet of the outlet chamber. The control unit is connected to the first and second sensors, and to the first and second extinguishers. The control unit records a first and second fire-detection signal in the inlet chamber and the outlet, respectively; compares the first and second signals to an associated threshold value for fire; determines at which location within the inlet and outlet chamber the fire is burning, depending on the comparison; selects which of the first and at least one second extinguisher is located near the determined position, and activates one or more selected extinguishers.

Abstract: A scalable cargo-fire-suppression agent distribution system and method is disclosed. A supply source unit subset of a set of fire-suppression agent supply source units is selected based on an operation condition to provide a selected supply source unit subset, and a fire-suppression agent from the selected supply source unit subset is distributed during the operation condition.

Abstract: An industrial floor firefighting system including a grating structured to rest over a trench and a firefighting nozzle attached to the grating, the system preferably characterized in the nozzle having an adjustable discharge gap; in the nozzle barrel being structured with the grating such that the barrel bears essentially no weight from industrial objects on or passing over the grating; in having an adjustable bafflehead/barrel combination that produces a nozzle gap upstream of the nozzle discharge orifice; and/or, as well, producing an annular gap discharge and an essentially annular nozzle discharge.

Abstract: A water and inert gas fire suppression system (10), and method for extinguishing a fire in a protected space are provided with a simple and inexpensive freeze protection mechanism. To prevent the water, or other liquid fire extinguishing agent, entrained in the inert gas flow from freezing during transport through the inert gas distribution network (15, 15a, 15b, 17, 19) a secondary liquid is introduced into the inert gas flow and then removed from the inert gas flow upstream of the discharge of the two-phase water and inert gas flow into the space being protected. The inert gas is heated by means of the thermal inertia (TI) of the secondary liquid, which may be excess amount of water or an amount of another liquid having a thermal inertia (TI) at least equal to that of water.

Abstract: The invention provides a fire protection system, in particular in the field of aviation and aerospace, comprising a compartment which is at least partly lined with fire-retardant material, a detection means which can detect a fire in the compartment, and a fire suppression means which is configured to introduce an inert gas into the compartment when the detection means detects a fire in the compartment, to thus reduce the oxygen content in the compartment and to thereby suppress the fire.

Abstract: Various concepts are provided for suppressing a fire condition in an aircraft. In one embodiment, the presence of a fire condition in an aircraft is detected. After such a detection, extinguishing agents can be dispensed and/or certain areas of the aircraft can be depressurized.

Abstract: Method and device for quenching oil and petroleum products in a tank in which a fire-extinguishing mixture is fed through a floating sprinkler surfacing above a burning liquid surface. A floating sprinkler connected to a discharge pipeline via an opening-closing device with an injector is installed under the burning liquid layer. After a fire alarm signal is sent, the opening-closing device on the injector is opened, and the fire-extinguishing mixture is fed through the pipeline and the floating sprinkler under the layer or onto the surface of the burning liquid in the form of compact jets from the center to the periphery. The floating sprinkler surfaces above the surface of the burning liquid.

Abstract: A building sprinkler system includes a pump having an input for receiving water and an output that is connected to selectively feed a plurality of sprinkler heads. A driver is operatively connected to the pump for driving the pump. A cooling arrangement is provided for cooling the pump during pump testing operations. The cooling arrangement includes: a heat exchanger with a primary loop formed by a flow path for delivering water from the output of the pump through the heat exchanger and back to the input of the pump, and a secondary loop formed by a flow path for delivering coolant from the heat exchanger through a radiator and back to the heat exchanger so that heat is transferred from the water to the coolant via the heat exchanger and from the coolant to air via the radiator.

Abstract: A method for fighting and/or preventing a fire in one or more battery cells, preferably lithium ion cells, using a hydrous solution of calcium salts and a fire extinguishing gel.

Abstract: An inlet check valve assembly with flame arresting feature. An internal flame arresting feature utilizes a flame arrester body attached to a valve member which protrudes into the valve throat. An external flame arresting feature utilizes a hood concentrically disposed relative to the valve member. The flame arresting feature is configured relative to movement of the valve member with respect to the throat such that fluidic communication between the fuel fill pipe and the fuel tank is limited to less than the minimum flame propagation distance of the fuel and air mixture in which a combustible mixture may exist in the fuel fill pipe, whereby any flame front in the fuel fill pipe will quench thereat before reaching the fuel tank.

Abstract: Fire control and containment for a production printing system that includes a dryer unit, an air intake fan, and an exhaust fan. A fire control and containment system includes an enclosure surrounding the dryer unit. The enclosure includes controllable doors, a temperature sensor, and an air pressure sensor in the enclosure. The fire containment and control system also includes a controller operable to detect a fire event based on changes in air pressure and air temperature in the enclosure detected by the air pressure and air temperature sensors. In response to detecting the fire event, the controller closes the doors of the enclosure to prevent the print medium from entering, controls the air intake fan and the exhaust fan to reduce the air pressure in the enclosure, and controls the dryer unit to reduce temperature in the enclosure to suppress fire.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions and methods of extinguishing a fire comprising compounds of formula (I) where Rf is a fluorocarbon group. The compounds and compositions described herein are useful as intermediates in the preparation of or as additives to AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) formulations used for the extinguishment of fuel and solvent fires.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fire fighting system, in particular for a railway vehicle, with a supply line for supplying at least one extinguishing nozzle with extinguishing fluid, wherein at least one section valve is arranged between the extinguishing nozzle and the supply line, wherein the section valve includes a signal processing means for controlling an adjustment means of the section valve, wherein the signal processing means can be electrically connected via a data communication network to a central control unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are flame suppression compounds and methods of use thereof. The compounds include unsaturated fluorocarbons appropriate for use in fire protection applications.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling and extinguishing subterranean coal fires. Suitable detection and measuring devices are initially used to determine the extent of the fire and develop a plan of extinguishment. Flow control devices are added to all the mine's access points in order to control gas flow into and/or out of the mine. In addition, new access points may be added. Gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped into the mine until a positive pressure is developed (with respect to atmospheric pressure. Pressurized and liquefied carbon dioxide is directed into the area of the combustion face. The liquid carbon dioxide blankets the combustion area with a gas which will not support combustion and absorbs a tremendous amount of heat from the burning coal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for fire egress/escape comprising a first container for storing a first fluid, a second container for storing a propellant, a nozzle to mix and atomize material from the first and second containers for forming a mist to suppress flame by evaporation, and an activation mechanism to enable a user to release material in the first and second containers for generating the mist.

Abstract: A system for use in a multi-story building is provided. The system may include a pipe apparatus having an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is coupled to a supply of fluid and the outlet directs the fluid. The system may include a frame assembly for supporting the pipe apparatus and enabling the inlet of the pipe apparatus to couple to the supply of fluid at a first floor of the building and enabling the outlet to deliver fluid to a higher floor of the building relative to the first floor. The system may include an electrically controlled fluid delivery device mounted at said outlet and in fluid communication with the pipe apparatus. The system may include a power supply having a power source located remotely from said electrically controlled fluid delivery device and supported by the frame assembly.

Abstract: A fire blanket, comprising poorly flammable or inflammable, substantially flexible blanket material, wherein the blanket material is folded into a storage position, wherein the blanket material is provided with two relatively rigid handles, which handles project at least partly outside the folded fire blanket, so that they can be grasped by at least one hand, and wherein the blanket material is folded up such that when the handles are moved apart, the fire blanket takes up an extinguishing position.

Abstract: In-computer fire suppression, the computer comprising an in-computer flame detector and an in-computer fire extinguisher including detecting, by an in-computer flame detector, a flame, releasing, by the in-computer fire extinguisher, an extinguishing agent in response to the flame detector detecting the flame; and disabling the power supply to the computer having within it the in-computer flame detector and the in-computer fire extinguisher.

Abstract: A fire detection device and method therefore are able to provide automatic activation so as to extinguish a fire. The fire detection can be rapid and temperature-based. In one embodiment, a heat collector can be provided to enhance thermal responsiveness. Activation of the fire detection device can be electrically induced to release an extinguishing agent at the fire. The activation can be protected such that it is durable and unaffected by vibrations.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space as well as a device therefor. A continuous inerting of the enclosed space to spatially-separated zones of the enclosed space is performed as necessary without needing structural separations. At least one inert gas having a gas density (?Gas) which differs from the mean gas density (?Gas) of the ambient atmosphere of the space is introduced into the enclosed space such that a gas stratification including a first gas layer (A) and a second gas layer (B) forms in the enclosed space, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: A safe, environmentally-friendly, fluorocarbon-free temperature suppressing composition includes water in combination with a sugar alcohol in solution with the water and having a general formula H(HCHO)n+1H. Sorbitol is a preferred sugar alcohol (n=5) but sugar alcohols having n=3 to 4 or 6 to 11 may be used. The composition provides a heat absorption greater than the water alone and the sugar alcohol alone. Other sugar alcohols having the general formula H(HCOH)n+1HC, where n=10, may also be used. The composition may further include a wetting agent, an emulsifying agent, a viscosity adjusting agent, a preservative or biocide, or a freeze suppression agent. The composition affords levels of protection suited to a variety of applications including possibility of damage from exposure to excessive heat, combustion or explosion such as may be experienced in military combat.

Abstract: A method for fire suppression includes flowing a first inert gas output into an enclosed space at a high rate of discharge and flowing a second inert gas output into the enclosed space at a low rate of discharge. The method further includes metering an odorant into the second inert gas to provide an extended warning that inert gas is present in the enclosed space.

Abstract: A protective device for a boat which is floating in a water or is placed on land and a method of using same are described, the protective device including a top portion which is formed by a cloth-like material and which is bounded by a border area, the border area being arranged to be brought into substantially sealing contact with an adjacent portion in order thereby to provide a space defined by the adjacent portion and the top portion, and the top portion being included at least as part of or being connected to a supporting device to be able to carry at least a portion of the top portion in a distended position, the supporting device being activatable by means of a gas.

Abstract: A multi-stage fire suppression system according to various aspects of the present invention is configured to deliver a fire suppressant material in response to multiple detections of a fire condition over time. In one embodiment, the multi-stage fire suppression system comprises at least two pressure tubes each having a different internal pressure. Each pressure tube is adapted to generate a pneumatic signal in response to exposure to a different trigger event. The pneumatic signal is used to activate a suppression system and release the fire suppressant material from a container. The multi-stage fire suppression system may also be configured to signal a secondary hazard detection system that a fire has been detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to equipment including fixed fire detectors (10) along the track (100) and fixed extinguishing stations (20) installed in the tunnel. Each station is provided with fire detectors (23) for locating the source, an automatic configuration system for targeting the area to be sprayed, individually controlled spraying devices (22), and a device for remotely or locally activating the spray. The station is preceded by a train stopping area (ZA) in which the train (TRO) starts a stopping sequence and slows down from the safety speed thereof to the zero speed thereof. A control center (30) manages the operation of the equipment and in particular orders a reduction of the train (TRO) running speed when the detectors (10) have detected a fire (flames, smoke, CO), The reduced speed (safety speed (Vs)) enables the train (TRO) to run as quickly as possible while mitigating the progression of the fire.

Abstract: A hybrid cargo-fire-suppression agent distribution system and method is disclosed. The hybrid cargo-fire-suppression agent distribution system comprises vehicle ducting means operable to distribute at least one fire-suppression agent. Further, preliminary fire-suppression supply source means is coupled to the vehicle ducting means and is operable to provide a high volume flow of a preliminary fire-suppression agent.

Abstract: A rock dusting composition composed of rock dust, e.g., limestone or other mineral dust, water, pumping aid, and polymer, e.g., acrylamide homopolymers, acrylamide copolymers, and combinations thereof, and a method for applying the composition to the surface of a mine. The composition has a water content and a polymer content sufficient to allow the polymer to (i) disperse water molecules within the composition and, upon drying of the composition, (ii) dissipate forming void spaces in the dried composition. The composition is useful for suppressing propagation of a flame and/or fire caused by ignition of coal dust and/or gas within a coal mine.

Abstract: One or more aspects of the present invention is directed to a fire suppression system for use with an oil and vapor recovery system, such as for example, a system having a float system for adjusting the height of oil and vapor recovery intakes. The float system is preferably adjustable to allow connection of additional floats to maintain buoyancy and keep the vapor intake above the level of the oil in the holding tank and to maintain the oil intake above the level of the water contained in the holding tank. Vapor is drawn out of the holding tank using a vacuum assisted siphon. Oil can be withdrawn from the holding tank by suction or simply by letting the oil flow into an outlet by gravity. By reversing the flow of the existing suction pipes or by providing additional inlet pipes to the nozzles, fire suppression or other chemicals can be added to the tank without having to gain physical access to the tanks, thereby potentially saving lives, money as well as the fluids within the tanks.

Abstract: A fire suppression composition includes starch, a pseudo-plastic, high yield, suspending agent, paraffin or olefin, and a neutralizer.

Abstract: An early suppression fast response pendent-type fire protection sprinkler is suitable for use in accordance with one or more of NFPA 13, NFPA 231 and NFPA 231C to protect single row rack storage, double row rack storage and multiple row rack storage, the sprinkler having a K-factor of about 25 and flowing pressure of about 15 pounds per square inch. Preferably, the sprinkler has a body defining an orifice and an outlet for delivering a flow of fluid from a source, and a deflector mounted with a first surface opposed to flow of fluid from the outlet. The deflector defines at least one pair of generally opposed reentrant slots extending from the first surface through the deflector, the reentrant slots extending from slot openings at an outer peripheral edge of the deflector inwardly from the peripheral edge toward a deflector axis.

Abstract: An electronic device performs a fire monitoring method in where the electronic device controls a mobile platform to move along a predetermined path, to capture the temperature distribution of an area to be monitored by an infrared capturing device, and detect a consistency of a flammable chemical substance with a smoke detector. The electronic device determines whether the area meets fire conditions by detecting whether the temperature distribution complies with a predetermined temperature distribution, or by detecting whether the consistency is greater than a predefined value. If the area meets the fire conditions, the electronic device determines a fire position, selects one fire extinguisher from the mobile platform to extinguish the fire position.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrotechnic aerosol fire suppression compositions that burn rapidly, but coolly. The rapid burning of the compositions of the present invention produces a voluminous flame-suppressive aerosol that is useful in suppressing and/or extinguishing both small and large fires. The compositions of the invention contain at least one oxidizer and a fuel component comprising at least one organic acid salt, which combination produces a rapid burning composition that burns at low temperatures with little or no flame and have a low heat of combustion.

Abstract: A fire-extinguishing composition has a water-thickening agent and a foaming agent. The fire-extinguishing composition contains less than 10 vol % water. The ratio of water-thickening agent to foaming agent is from 99:1 to 1:99 volume ratio. The composition is in the form of a powder or flake. A method of extinguishing a fire is by applying a mixture of a fire-extinguishing composition and water to a fire, the fire-extinguishing composition having a water-thickening agent and a foaming agent.

Abstract: An early suppression fast response pendent-type fire protection sprinkler is suitable for use in accordance with one or more of NFPA 13, NFPA 231 and NFPA 231C to protect single row rack storage, double row rack storage and multiple row rack storage, the sprinkler having a K-factor of about 25 and flowing pressure of about 15 pounds per square inch. Preferably, the sprinkler has a body defining an orifice and an outlet for delivering a flow of fluid from a source, and a deflector mounted with a first surface opposed to flow of fluid from the outlet. The deflector defines at least one pair of generally opposed reentrant slots extending from the first surface through the deflector, the reentrant slots extending from slot openings at an outer peripheral edge of the deflector inwardly from the peripheral edge toward a deflector axis.

Abstract: A fireproof system is provided for protecting a structure during a fire event.

Abstract: An improved fire extinguishing, suppressing, and preventing mixture, method, and system for various classifications of fires which exhibits superior characteristics to knock down the fire, helps to prevent flash and re-ignition, and contains only a trace amount of fluorochemicals. When the mixture is spread on burning surfaces, including fuel and other liquid surfaces, the agent suppresses vaporization, extinguishes flames and helps to suppress re-ignition and reflash of the fire. The mixture is friendly to the environment. It causes no harmful reaction to a burn victim and aids in cooling the victim to slow the burning of skin. The mixture can be washed off a bum victim with soap and water. Other embodiments are described herein.