Abstract: A system for filling a tank for a firefighting helicopter with water without ground personnel, comprising a pilot controlled valve assembly to selectively permit water to flow into the refill tank upon the receipt of a communication transmitted by a communication device within the helicopter. The pilot controlled valve assembly can include a supply valve configured to move between at least a closed state and an open state, a controller configured to control the supply valve, and a receiver configured to send a signal to a controller to cause the controller to at least open the supply valve upon receipt by the receiver of a communication meeting one or more predetermined criteria. The water tank can be filled from a water source, including a municipal water source, when the supply valve is open to provide a more efficient, semi-autonomous refill tank system greatly improves costly and time-consuming manually refill systems.

Abstract: A cooking system includes an appliance configured to cook food products, a fire suppressant supply configured to selectively provide fire suppressant agent, and a conduit. The appliance includes a food receptacle and a cover selectively repositionable between a fully open position and a closed position. The cover defines an internal volume configured to contain the food products during cooking, a fluid aperture fluidly coupled to the internal volume, and an access aperture through which the food products may be introduced into the internal volume. The cover extends at least partway across the access aperture in the closed position. The conduit fluidly couples the fire suppressant supply to the fluid aperture. The fire suppressant supply and the conduit are configured to introduce the fire suppressant agent into the internal volume of the food receptacle at least when the cover is in the closed position.

Abstract: A firefighting system is delivered from a helicopter and capable of dispersing foam, water, or a chemical flame retardant at a given distance upon a conflagration. The system has a plurality of wheels secured to an underside surface which permits the system to be easily moved from beneath a helicopter to be recharged. The system is configured to operate in conjunction in low light or low visibility conditions.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to dry powder fire-fighting compositions. In various embodiments, the present invention provides a method of fighting a fire. The method can include contacting at least one of a fire and a source thereof with a composition including bentonite and aluminum hydroxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition comprising: (A) at least one fluorine-containing ketone; and (B) an effective amount of stabilizer which is selected from at least one of the group consisting of an epoxy compound, a nitro compound, a hindered phenolic compound, a ?-diketone compound, a phosphite compound, a salicylate compound, a cinnamate compound, a hydroxybenzophenone compound, a hydroxybenzoic acid compound, an alkoxy methane compound, and an organic thio compound. The composition provided by the present invention has stable performance, and can be used as a fire extinguishing agent, a heat transfer medium, etc.

Abstract: A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

Abstract: A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

Abstract: A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

Abstract: A tank on a firefighting aircraft initially is loaded with water. A polymer gel emulsion vessel is provided on the aircraft, but is not activated and mixed with tank water until such polymer gel preparation is initiated by an operator. When initiated, a pump pulls water from the tank and doses it with gel emulsion. Double elbows and/or the pump impeller fully activates the polymer gel. The activated polymer gel is mixed within the tank by one of a variety of systems including mixing paddles or sparging with gas. In one embodiment, a hollow tower of telescoping form has a float to keep an upper end near a surface in the tank and a sparging gas entry is a controlled distance below the surface, such that gas of limited pressure, such as from a ram air inlet can sparge and mix the water and activated polymer gel emulsion effectively.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a system, a method, and a program for adjusting the balance of an insect killer hung from a robot that are capable to adjust the position of the insect killer. The system for adjusting the balance of an insect killer 1 hung from a robot 10 moving by a propeller 410 through a support arm 100 adjusts the balance of the insect killer 200 so that the angle between the support arm 100 and the direction of gravitational force from the robot 10 has a predetermined value or more; and adds a weight 300 to an end of the same support arm 100 as the support arm 100 in the negative direction to an angle of the predetermined value and calculates the weight 300 to adjust the balance of the insect killer 200.

Abstract: Provided is a surrounding display device for a traveling crane, whereby the positional relationship between surrounding objects and a boom can be easily understood. This surrounding display device (A) is for a traveling crane (100) equipped with a traveling vehicle body (101) and a boom (105), the surrounding display device (A) being equipped with: cameras (1L), (1R) provided to the leading end of the boom (105); a control device (2) connected to the cameras (1L), (1R); and a monitor (3) connected to the control device (2). The control device (2) superimposes the positional information of the boom (105) on the images photographed with the cameras (1L), (1R) and displays the result on the monitor (3). Thus, the positional relationship between surrounding objects and the boom (105) can be easily understood.

Abstract: A fire detection and/or extinguishing control station for actuating two extinguishing agent supply devices using a control unit. After actuating a first extinguishing agent supply device (17) upon detection of a first fire signal at time (t1), the control station is additionally equipped to actuate a second extinguishing agent supply device (18) upon detection of a second fire signal at time (t2) if the control station has checked whether the time (t2) fulfills the inequality (t1+tc)<t2<(t1+tb), where (tc) represents a discharge time of the complete or partial discharge of at least one extinguishing agent container (1) of the first extinguishing agent supply device (17), (tk) represents a check time connected to the discharge time (tc), and (tb) represents a monitoring time period, and the monitoring time period (tb) is the sum of the discharge time (tc) and the check time (tk) beginning at time (t1).

Abstract: An aero engine with a bearing chamber, which is confined by a first wall area and a second wall area which is embodied so as to be rotatable with respect to the first wall area and in which at least one bearing appliance as well as at least one appliance for introducing oil are arranged. Oil can be introduced into the bearing chamber via at least one appliance for introducing oil substantially against a rotational direction of the first wall area and/or of the second wall area and substantially tangentially to at least one surface of at least one wall area that is facing the bearing chamber.

Abstract: A system and method for fire suppression proactively identifies persons present, during a fire, in a fire suppressant release area. The persons are identified using an electronic monitoring system. An fire suppression system using a suppressant that is effective but unsafe for humans is put into service only if no person is detected. In situations where a person is present, an alternate fire suppressant is released that is safe for humans.

Abstract: A mobile firefighting station includes a trailer having opposed ends and a platform therebetween. The trailer may include an axle and wheels so as to be mobile. The mobile firefighting station includes firefighting equipment such as a water tank, a foam fire retardant tank, a water hose with nozzle, and a water cannon operatively interconnected and operated by a fluid delivery assembly. The fluid delivery assembly includes a pump to pressurize a fluid stream. An electricity generator is positioned on the platform and electrically connected to components requiring electricity. The apparatus includes a communications module electrically connected to the generator and having a wireless internet connection and a user interface such that tank fluid levels, fuel levels, maintenance records, weather data, and active fire details are selectively communicated to a remote location using the wireless internet connection.

Abstract: The delivery system includes a blender assembly which can be fitted within a bucket or other container an aircraft. The blender assembly includes a combiner which receives water from within the container and gel concentrate from a gel inlet. The combiner brings the water and gel concentrate together upstream of a pump. The pump pressurizes and mixes the water and gel concentrate together to provide a hydrated fire suppression gel ready for application. An outlet of the pump leads through appropriate conduits to a nozzle. The nozzle includes a downwardly extending spout which sprays the hydrated gel down onto the ground beneath the aircraft. When the water within the container has been depleted, the aircraft is flown to a water source and the container is refilled. Then the blender can again be used to manufacture and deliver the fire suppression gel to an area to be treated.

Abstract: The encapsulated fire extinguishing agents include a sealed outer shell containing at least one fire extinguishing agent therein. The shell is formed of material that melts when exposed to extreme heat, as in a fire. One embodiment has a single outer shell with a single fire retardant agent therein. Other embodiments may have a second shell within the outer shell, each shell defining an interior volume containing a separate fire extinguishing agent. The agents may combine to form a more effective fire extinguishing agent when the two shells melt. The shells may be formed to melt at different temperatures. Another embodiment includes an outer shell filled with a large number of smaller capsules, each of the smaller capsules filled with a fire extinguishing agent. The smaller capsules may each contain identical agents, or two or more different agents from one another.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a mist is provided. The apparatus has at least one working fluid supply conduit having an inlet in fluid communication with a supply of working fluid and an outlet in fluid communication with a first mixing chamber. The apparatus also includes a plurality of transport fluid passages, each of which has an inlet adapted to receive a supply of transport fluid and an outlet in fluid communication with the mixing chamber. Downstream of the mixing chamber is a nozzle having an inlet in fluid communication with the mixing chamber, an outlet, and a throat portion intermediate the nozzle inlet and outlet. The throat portion of the nozzle has a cross sectional area which is less than that of either the nozzle inlet or the nozzle outlet. The apparatus enhances the atomization of the working fluid to generate the mist.

Abstract: Azeotrope-like compositions are disclosed. The azeotrope-like compositions are mixtures of E-1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene with E-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene or E-1,1,1,4,4,5,5,5-octafluoro-2-pentene. Also disclosed is a process of preparing a thermoplastic or thermoset foam by using such azeotrope-like compositions as blowing agents. Also disclosed is a process of producing refrigeration by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as solvents. Also disclosed is a process of producing an aerosol product by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as heat transfer media. Also disclosed is a process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire by using such azeotrope-like compositions. Also disclosed is a process of using such azeotrope-like compositions as dielectrics.

Abstract: A scalable cargo-fire-suppression agent distribution system and method is disclosed. A supply source unit subset of a set of fire-suppression agent supply source units is selected based on an operation condition to provide a selected supply source unit subset, and a fire-suppression agent from the selected supply source unit subset is distributed during the operation condition.

Abstract: A method for extinguishing a full, or substantially full, surface liquid tank fire including addressing large tank, difficult fuel, structural impediment, timing and plunge zone issues, the attack including throwing at least one primary stream over a tank wall, the stream landing with a force of impact in, and defining, a plunge zone; the method including potentially achieving flame collapse leaving a plunge zone flame and subsequently, at least for a period of time, diminishing force of impact per unit area of a primary stream upon said plunge zone flame; alternately the method includes achieving a partial flame collapse including collapse against back tank wall portions and subsequently diminishing stream impact force upon a plunge zone including moving a plunge zone forward in the tank; the method also includes extinguishing a full surface heavy liquid tank fire by teasing the fire prior to employing a non-feathered stream to create a foam blanket; the method may include restaging to create a secondary foo

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredients at high temperature, wherein: the fire extinguishing composition comprises a flame retardant, an oxidant, a reducing agent and an adhesive; contents of each ingredient are: the flame retardant: 50 wt % to 90 wt %; the oxidant: 5 wt % to 30 wt %; the reducing agent: 5 wt % to 10 wt %; the adhesive: 0% to 10 wt %. In a usage of the fire extinguishing composition, a pyrotechnic agent is adopted as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, and the oxidant and the reducing agent in the fire extinguishing composition are reacted to generate the in the use of high temperature produced by burning the pyrotechnic agent. by burning the pyrotechnic agent, so as to implement fire extinguishing. Different from the traditional aerosol generating agent, there is no external heat source, and the composition itself does not burn.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing composition which generate fire extinguishing substance by high temperature sublimation; the fire extinguishing composition comprising a fire extinguishing material which, in a heating process, can sublimate and release a fire extinguishing substance with fire extinguishing properties; the content of the fire extinguishing material is at least 80 wt %. When the fire extinguishing composition is in use, a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, generating a large quantity of fire substance from the fire extinguishing composition in the use of high temperature produced by burning pyrotechnic agent, and the fire substance sprays out together with the pyrotechnic agent.

Abstract: A self contained fire extinguisher system that does not need external power in order to sense or initiate a release of a fire suppression medium, includes components configured to utilize a linear sensor network that can be connected to at least one and/or different sources of fire suppression mediums. A linear temperature sensing cord can be routed over a large area not practical with individual sensors. The cord can also actuate several and different sources of fire suppression mediums to maximize the suppression of a fire.

Abstract: A firefighting apparatus comprising a controller, and a hydraulic pump driven by a power-take-off and operable to supply a hydraulic fluid under pressure. A water pumping subsystem is powered by the hydraulic fluid and operable to supply water under pressure to a conduit, wherein a flow rate of water is substantially regulated by controlling the hydraulic fluid input to the water pumping subsystem. A chemical foam subsystem is powered by the hydraulic fluid and operable to inject foam at a predetermined flow rate into the conduit, wherein the flow rate of the foam is substantially regulated by controlling the hydraulic fluid input to the chemical foam subsystem. An electrical power generator subsystem is powered by the hydraulic fluid and operable to generate electrical power, wherein the frequency and voltage of the generated power is substantially regulated by controlling the hydraulic fluid input to the electrical power generator subsystem.

Abstract: A novel flame retardant and fire extinguishing product for preventing and fighting fires in solid materials is disclosed herein. The product is thixotropic and comprises water, one or more flame retardants, one or more stabilizers, and one or more preservatives. In some embodiments, the product further comprises one or more thickeners, one or more binders, one or more fining agents, one or more firming agents, one or more water retention agents, one or more polymers, one or more detergents, and/or one or more surfactants. The product may be used as a flame retardant to prevent fires and in active firefighting. The product may be biodegradable in a natural environment, may be readily cleaned off equipment and materials using water, and may also provide other features which render it safe for the environment as compared to other commonly used products in fire prevention and firefighting.

Abstract: A novel flame retardant and fire extinguishing product for preventing and fighting fires in liquids is disclosed herein. The product comprises water, one or more flame retardants, one or more polymers, one or more surfactants, one or more emulsifiers, one or more preservatives, and one or more firming agents. In some embodiments, the product may further comprise one or more stabilizers, one or more binders, and/or one or more fining agents. The product may be used as a fire extinguishing agent in active firefighting and as a flame retardant to prevent fires. The product may be biodegradable in a natural environment, may be readily cleaned off equipment and materials to which it has been applied using water, and may also provide other features which render it safe for the environment as compared to other commonly used products in fire prevention and firefighting.

Abstract: A method and device for suppressing an electrical fire within an electrical wire carrying conduit. The device is a flexible receptacle containing an admixture of super absorbent polymer and water having substantially superior fire suppression and extinguishing properties that does not provide an electrically conductive environment. The receptacle is drawn though a conduit either before or after wires have been placed in the conduit, and the filled with the admixture. A sleeve may be placed over the receptacle to prevent breaching of the receptacle during installation. Once the receptacle and admixture is positioned within the conduit, should arcing or a buildup of heat occur, the receptacle will rupture and the admixture will cover the specific area. These particular properties and ratios of the admixture will enable electrical fires to be extinguished more rapidly and not flare back up. The admixture further encapsulates noxious and toxic gases associated with electrical fires.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition. The ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition comprises ferrocene, a ferrocene derivative, or a combination thereof at a content of 25 mass % or more; when in use, a pyrotechnic agent is used as a heat source and a power source, the pyrotechnic agent is ignited, and the high temperature generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic agent is utilized to make a fire extinguishing composition produce a large amount of fire extinguishing substance, which is sprayed out together with the pyrotechnic agent, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing a fire. Compared with a conventional fire extinguishing composition, a more efficient and safer fire extinguishing composition is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel aging-resistant aerosol generating agent and preparation method thereof. The aging-resistant aerosol generating agent in the present invention comprises oxidizer, reducer and bonding agent, wherein the oxidizer is potassium nitrate, the bonding agent is phenolic resin, and the reducer is melamine; the weight percentages of the three constituents are: potassium nitrate: 60˜80%, phenolic resin: 8˜15%, and melamine: the rest. In the preparation process, phenolic resin is dissolved in ethanol to give phenolic resin solution at concentration by 40˜50 wt %; the oxidizer and reducer are pulverized, mixed, and then the phenolic resin solution is added to the mixed powder; next, the mixture is agitated, pelletized, dried, and shaped by pressure molding. Compared to that in the prior art, the aerosol generating agent in the present invention has higher fire suppression efficiency and higher fire suppression rate, and greatly improved aging resistant performance.

Abstract: A method for extinguishing a full surface liquid tank fire including addressing plunge zone issues, the attack including throwing at least one primary stream over a tank wall, the stream landing with a force of impact in, and defining, a plunge zone; the method including extinguishing a full surface heavy liquid tank fire by teasing the fire prior to employing a non-feathered stream to create a foam blanket.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions and methods for extinguishing, controlling, or preventing fires are described wherein the extinguishing agent includes a fluorinated oxirane alone, or in admixture with a co-extinguishing agent selected from hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, perfluoropolyethers, hydrofluoroethers, hydrofluoropolyethers, chlorofluorocarbons, bromofluorocarbons, bromochlorofluorocarbons, iodofluorocarbons, hydrobromofluorocarbons, fluorinated ketones, hydrobromocarbons, fluorinated olefins, hydrofluoroolefins, fluorinated sulfones, fluorinated vinylethers, and mixtures thereof. Also described are methods of preventing or extinguishing fires by introducing these compositions into an air-containing enclosed area and maintaining the composition in an amount sufficient to suppress combustion of combustible material in that enclosed area.

Abstract: Compositions are described which are useful in many applications such as fire extinguishing or refrigeration. The compositions may include a hydrochlorofluorocarbon such as 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, a dispersant such as CF3I, and an inert gas such as argon, and may in some embodiments be held under pressure. For example, some fire extinguishing compositions may be composed of 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF3I, and argon.

Abstract: Example embodiments provide a device for protecting an inner space of an object against fire, including a housing provided with at least one passage opening; an aerosol-forming extinguishing element arranged in the housing and which may include a container for holding extinguishing material which can be activated at a fixed activating temperature; at least one outlet opening which can be connected to the passage opening in the housing and along which the activated extinguishing material can be carried into the inner space of the object so as to extinguish the fire; an activating element for bringing at least part of the extinguishing material to the activation temperature; at least one detection unit arranged in or close to the housing for detecting at least one physical and/or chemical parameter representative of fire in the inner space; and a control unit arranged in the housing for causing thermal activation of the extinguishing element by the activating element when a preset activation value of the detect

Abstract: In-computer fire suppression, the computer comprising an in-computer flame detector and an in-computer fire extinguisher including detecting, by an in-computer flame detector, a flame, releasing, by the in-computer fire extinguisher, an extinguishing agent in response to the flame detector detecting the flame; and disabling the power supply to the computer having within it the in-computer flame detector and the in-computer fire extinguisher.

Abstract: A pendant sprinkler preferably includes a body having an inner surface defining a passageway. The passageway includes an inlet and an outlet spaced apart along the longitudinal axis and defines a K-factor of about 5. The sprinkler also includes a closure assembly adjacent the outlet to occlude the outlet and a thermally responsive support means for maintaining the closure assembly adjacent the outlet. Also provided are means for distributing a flow of fluid over a protection area ranging from about 144 square feet to about 400 square feet, the fluid distribution having a density of at least 0.05 gallons per minute per square foot (0.05 gpm/ft2) so as to define a range of minimum operating pressures ranging from about seven pounds per square inch to about seventeen pounds per square inch (7-17 psi.) and a range of minimum operating fluid flows ranging from about thirteen gallons per minute to about twenty gallons per minute (13-20 gpm.).

Abstract: Compositions to generate nitrogenous gas, with a low decomposition temperature, and processes for the generation of nitrogenous gas comprising the decomposition of such compositions, are provided. The compositions include azodicarbonamide, a nitrogenous reducing charge, and at least one additive. The azodicarbonamide and the nitrogenous reducing charge represent at least 90% of their weight. The nitrogenous reducing charge includes at least one compound from a first family of reducing components chosen from tetrazole, tetrazole derivatives and their salts, salts of bitetrazole and of its derivatives, 5,5?-azobitetrazole salts, polyvinyltetrazoles and their mixtures; and/or at least one compound from a second family of reducing components chosen from dicyandiamide, 1-hydrobenzotriazole, silicon nitride, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate and their mixtures. a nitrogenous reducing charge and azodicarbonamide.

Abstract: The invention concerns fire-extinguishing and/or fire-retarding compositions comprising at least one water-absorbing polymer and at least one alkali metal salt of a nonpolymeric saturated carboxylic acid, processes for their production and the use of the compositions for firefighting or as fire-retarding coatings.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for extinguishing industrial tank fires of flammable/combustible liquid including achieving flame collapse, and subsequent to flame collapse achieving collapse of a remaining “smiley face”.

Abstract: The method of suppressing fire in a structure, that includes providing a motor driven air compressor and water pump fixed position system operable to produce a pressurized source of fluid flow including water, foam and compressed air, installing an elongated duct or ducts to extend in fixed position or positions to a source fluid delivery location or locations at or within that structure, installing a fire or smoke detector or detectors at or within the structure, to produce a signal or signals in response to fire detection at or near the monitoring detector or detectors, and operating the system to deliver the fluid to the duct or ducts to be accurately and controllably delivered to a location or locations, in response to a detector signal or signals, for suppressing the fire, as via different nozzles to which fluid is controllably delivered.

Abstract: A system for launching, controlling and delivering in a preselected target pattern a plurality of low-cost, guided fire-retardant-containing vehicles, i.e., “smart water bombs” equipped with control surfaces sufficient to provide limited lift and maneuverability to respond to guidance command to place it at a selected GPS coordinate within a large footprint in time and space and to discharge its payload of fire retardant at a preselectable altitude in a very precise manner and dispersion pattern. A controller determines bombing patterns and timing for all bombs and trajectories for each guided bomb. Dynamic differential equations are used to determine location and time of release of the guided bombs to achieve the target while avoiding collisions among guided bombs and aircraft.

Abstract: A low temperature flameless aerosol producing fire extinguishing composition containing potassium nitrate and binding fuel is characterized by using cellulose-fibrous mass as a binding fuel, with potassium nitrate at 30-70% and fibrous cellulose mass making up the remainder. A production method for the composition is further provided.

Abstract: Compositions are described which are useful in many applications such as fire extinguishing or refrigeration. The compositions may include a hydrochlorofluorocarbon such as 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, a dispersant such as CF3I, and an inert gas such as argon, and may in some embodiments be held under pressure. For example, some fire extinguishing compositions may be composed of 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane, CF3I, and argon.

Abstract: Each year wildfires, forest fires and out of control camp fires do untold damage to millions of acres of land, while causing billions of dollars in damages to property, wild life, and human life. The Orr Formula is designed to aid in, and assist the extinguishment of such fires. The Orr Formula is a composition that comprises: 1) 10% by weight Calcium Phosphate which acts as a binder; 2) 10% by weight Corn Starch which aids in flaking of the remaining composition off the site to which the composition was applied after the fire has been extinguished and cooled; and 3) 80% by weight of a mixture of Sodium Silicate with a base exchange Silicate of Sodium Aluminum.

Abstract: A method and device for preventing fire and for extinguishing fire in an enclosed space in which a permanent negative pressure is set, includes fresh air being supplied in a regulated manner to the compartment atmosphere as supply air and exhaust air being discharged from the compartment atmosphere in a regulated manner, and wherein should a fire occur or to prevent a fire, an extinguishing agent which is gaseous under normal conditions is supplied to the compartment atmosphere as the supply air. In order to achieve a relieving of pressure without changing the set negative pressure, or upon a sudden flooding of the space with the gaseous extinguishing agent, the total volume flow of fresh air and/or extinguishing agent supplied to the compartment atmosphere as supply air is at all times less than or equal to the volume flow of the exhaust air discharged from the compartment atmosphere.

Abstract: Fire fighting method and apparatus including pumping at least 2000 gpm water from large water reservoir toward an industrial hazard and adding, in an around-the-pump system, at least one water additive from a source to the pumped water through a fitting established on the suction side of the pump, the fitting in fluid communication between the reservoir outlet and the suction side.

Abstract: This invention greatly simplifies problem fires above the reach of the longest ladder trucks by using a telescoping, portable shaft extending out of the closest window opening below the fire. Normally, a safe place for firemen. On the outer end of the shaft is a servo-mechanically controlled fire hose nozzle with a miniature television camera, which then both connect along the shaft to the room the shaft extends from. From where firemen can direct water using a console containing a television screen and battery power for the system. Stored in sections aboard its own truck in areas with high buildings, sections which are each, separately, carried up using the stairs by individual firemen, ordinarily the three man crew of a companion ladder fire truck. This invention now allows serious fires in high-rise buildings to be safely and effectively controlled.

Abstract: A water flow control system ensures that water does not undesirably flow through water lines of the premises when the premises is unoccupied or when water usage is not desired (e.g., during sleeping hours). The water flow control system is generally operable with an alarm system to control water flow through the water lines of the premises. For example, the alarm system may include a user interface operable to receive input that establishes a state of occupancy for the premises and arms the alarm system. A sensor may detect occupancy of the premises regardless of the established state of occupancy. The water flow control system communicates with the sensors of to determine the actual occupancy within the premises and restrict the water flow to the premises when it is not desired.

Abstract: A method for activating a sprinkler system comprises maintaining a liquid extinguishant in system pipes under a standby pressure that is less than the operating pressure, determining an arrangement of the sprinklers that will control a fire, and opening the sprinkler system valve in response to a drop in pressure in each of the pipes to which at least one of the sprinklers of the arrangement is connected. An alternate method comprises providing a bypass around the system valve, and opening the system valve in response to (1) a predetermined flow of liquid extinguishant through the bypass and (2) a drop in pressure in the sprinkler system below a predetermined pressure. In a variation of the alternate method, the system valve is opened in response only to a predetermined flow of liquid extinguishant through the bypass.

Abstract: In the event of a failure of a fire prevention or extinguishing system, an inertization method reduces the fire risk in an enclosed protected area, where the oxygen content in the area can be maintained on a control concentration that lies below an operating concentration for a certain time period, so that the emergency operation phase is sufficiently long to prevent the ignition and/or re-ignition of combustible materials therein. The control concentration is maintained for an emergency operation period by a redundant secondary source. Alternatively, the control concentration and the operating concentration, while forming a safety margin, can be lowered so far below the design concentration that in the event of a primary source failure, the growth curve of the oxygen content reaches a limit concentration determined for the area in a predefined period, which is sufficiently long to continue to prevent the ignition and/or re-ignition of the combustible materials.