Abstract: A rotary drill bit is provided which uses a plurality of hemispherically shaped diamond cutting elements, each having a cleaved, planar face. The diamonds are disposed in the bit such that the planar faces provide a plurality of knife-like cutting surfaces which fracture the formation being drilled and groove the fractured material.

Abstract: A drill bit for drilling holes in earth formations including a bit body having an integral shank for connection to a drilling machine stem and integral radial mounting wings for supporting removable cutter blades, and a removable cutter blade secured on each wing, each cutter blade having a tungsten carbide front drilling face arranged at a negative rake angle and an outside side face having a forward cutting edge of tungsten carbide and a relieve angle extending rearwardly and inwardly toward the axis of the bit for minimizing the mass of the bit exposed to the bore hole wall during drilling for reducing the temperature of bit. The bit has a longitudinal bore and lateral angular bores for air drilling fluid.

Abstract: Threaded insert studs are disclosed for insertion into a drilling bit body. Holes are predrilled or precast into the bit body, and the studs are inserted in the holes. Locking nuts are used to secure the studs in place. The insert studs and holes are tapered to allow a close interfitting relationship between the insert studs and holes, and an elongated key is engaged with aligned, longitudinal slots in the insert studs and holes.

Abstract: A tool assembly for mining machines and particularly for coal planes or coal cutting machines comprises a cutter which has a shank portion which is engaged to a seat of a size comparable to the shank portion of a cutter holder and it is held in that position by a locking pin which extends through aligned bores of the holder and the shank portion which may be retracted into a knockout slot defined in the shank portion which is closed on each side by a portion of the cutter holder in an arrangement in which the locking pin may be retracted into the knockout slot for removal of the cutter.

Abstract: A drill head assembly especially adapted but not limited to horizontal drilling with placement of casing is illustrated as including a drill head body, a wing cutter assembly, and a drive shank all having interlocking connections and assembled by a longitudinal assembly screw.

Abstract: In a method of assembling a roller cone type rock bit, on a body having a tool joint adjacent one end and at least one leg portion adjacent the other end, the leg portion is provided with a longitudinally outer surface which is inclined longitudinally inwardly from its radially outer extremity to its radially inner extremity; on a base for a cone assembly, an end surface is provided configured to mate with the outer surface of the leg portion of the body; a roller cone is rotatably mounted on the base distal the end surface to form a cone assembly, and the end surface of the base is mated with the outer surface of the leg portion; the base is then welded to the leg portion along the juncture of the mating surfaces to mount the cone assembly on the leg portion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the production of circular boreholes in soil, of the type incorporating a pair of bits driven in rotation in opposite directions, the said bits being equipped with teeth or similar members for breaking up the soil.It comprises a first pair of bits (6) which are equipped with teeth, rotating in opposite directions around two parallel axes, each of these bits having the external shape of a volume of revolution the generatrix of which consists of a circular arc corresponding to the circular cross-section of the borehole which it is intended to dig, and a second pair of bits (7) situated above the first, and the bits (14a,14b) of which have the same structural characteristics as the bits of the first pair but whose axes of rotation are offset relative to the latter.

Abstract: A bit and block assembly for use on an earthworking machine rotor including a bit, a block for receiving the bit, and elastomeric means for retaining the bit in the block. The bit has a first shank portion of irregular cross section and extending from one end of that shank portion is a second shank portion of smaller cross section. The longitudinal axes of the first and second shank portions are parallel. At the opposite end of the first shank portion is a forward working portion having an edge of wear resistant material for contacting the working medium. The block has a longitudinal bore of irregular cross section similar to the first shank portion.

Abstract: A percussion drill having a rounded and tapered contact surface conformation between the inner ends of hardened insert members closely received by cavities in a drill bit. Each insert has a radiused inner end in contacting relation with the bottom wall of its associated cavity. The radius is such that it compensates for angular deviations in the cavity bottom wall due to manufacturing tolerances from a normal relation relative to the cavity longitudinal axis. The radius of the insert inner end is calculated on the basis of a mathematical formula. The arrangement provides a structure which prevents corner load and stress, and insures contact away from the corner to thereby increase bit life.

Abstract: An improved drive shoe is shown for installation on the penetrating end of a string of conductor pipe, for improving driving penetration through soil. The improved shoe has a reinforced cylindrical driving section. A symmetrical, toothed beveled penetration end improves penetration through loose and unconsolidated media, and minimizes displacement resistance by symmetrically displacing soil to both the inner bore of the conductor pipe and externally along the outer surface of the conductor pipe. A repeating pattern of straight exterior vertical bar segments breaks up the exterior soil, easing passage of the conductor pipe through the soil. A spiral inner bar section within the drive shoe breaks adhesion of the center soil plug to the bore of the conductor pipe by imparting a loosening and a twisting moment to the core plug.

Abstract: A tool component is provided which has particular application in the cutting tool of a mining machine for cutting a variety of soft materials such as coal. The tool component has an elongate stud 12 and a composite abrasive compact 14 located in a recess 20 formed in one end thereof. The recess and composite abrasive compact are surrounded by a shoulder portion 22 which provides, in use, a protective surface for the cutting tool.

Abstract: Method and apparatus by which the cutting face of a drill bit is renewed. The drill bit has a cutting face comprised of a plurality of radially spaced apart stud assemblies, each received within a socket. A polycrystalline diamond disc forms one end of the stud assembly. The socket is in the form of a counterbore extending angularly into the bit body so that when a marginal end of the stud assembly is forced into a socket, a portion of the face of the diamond disc extends below the bottom of the bit body for engagement with the bottom of a borehole. A passageway communicates with the rear of the counterbore and extends back to a surface of the bit. Fluid pressure is effected within the passageway, thereby developing sufficient pressure differential across the stud assembly to cause the stud assembly to move respective to the socket.

Abstract: A tool is retained in a socket of a mineral cutter by an elastomeric element acting between the shank of the tool and the wall of the socket. The element is formed with corrugations that abut the wall of the socket and oppose the forces applied to the cutter of the tool.

Abstract: A drill bit has a formation engaging face from which there extends a plurality of stud assemblies having a diamond cutting face thereon. Each of the stud assemblies are mounted within a socket by a close tolerance press fit. A reduced diameter rearwardly extending passageway leads from the rear of the socket back up to the face of the bit so that when the diamond face of the stud assembly becomes worn, a tool can be extended through the passageway to the rear of the socket and into contact with the stud assembly to force the stud assembly from the socket. The stud assembly is then rotated a few degrees to present a new cutting edge to the formation, and pressed back into the socket, thereby returning the drill bit to like new condition.

Abstract: A rock drill bit of the impact type comprising a boring head, a shaft having ridges, a front surface and a number of peripherally spaced holes receiving inserts, said holes extending forwardly and outwardly at an acute angle .phi. with respect to the center line of the drill bit. The guiding surface of the insert mainly coincides with the jacket surface of the bit body when the insert has been fixed in the hole which emerges into both the jacket surface and the front surface of the bit body. This means that the guiding surface partly extends on both sides of the plane of the front surface.

Abstract: A cutter bit assembly comprises a holder and a cutter bit. The holder is formed with a pocket into which the cutter bit can be inserted. The cutter bit is retained within the pocket by means of an arcuate wedge inserted into a tapered gap formed between respective curved support faces formed on the cutter bit and the holder.

Abstract: In a percussion tool for rock drilling there is used in place of the conventional, large bore crown a hammer body (18) carrying a great number of interchangeable small bore crowns (26a,26b). The impact of a hammer piston (22) is transferred to the hammer body (18) which contains a radially projecting thicker head (25) to which the bore crowns (26a,26b) are secured. If individual bore crowns are worn or damaged, they can be interchanged individually. Moreover, the bore crowns can be rotated so as to position corresponding other hard metal elements (33) into the marginal area of the percussion tool.

Abstract: There is provided an improved scabbler bit wherein the bit is fixable to a piston of a scabbling machine through a male shank portion. The shank portion carries a circumferential groove for cooperation in the side wall of the piston to hold the shank firmly within the piston. There is also provided a scabbler bit wherein the shank portion is separate from the carrier. A novel design of a scabbler tip is also disclosed together with a novel arrangement of tips on the base of a tip carrier.

Abstract: A drag blade bit for connection on a drill string has a hollow body on which there are welded a plurality of cutting or drilling blades. The blades extend longitudinally and radially of the bit body and terminate in relatively flat, radially extending cutting edges. A plurality of cutters are positioned in and spaced along the cutting edges and consists of cylindrical sintered carbide inserts with polycrystalline diamond cutting elements mounted thereon. Hardfacing is provided on the cutting edges between the cutters and on the other surfaces of the blades and the bit body subject to abrasive wear. One or more nozzles are positioned in passages from the interior of the bit body for directing flow of drilling fluid for flushing cuttings from the well bore and for cooling the bit.

Abstract: Shoe members and drill shank members for large diameter cable drilling bits are provided with a tongue on one of the members that projects axially relative to the drill shank member and with an arcuate lip and projecting stop on the other of the members to trap the tongue and prevent radial movement of the shoe member in response to radially directed forces caused by the spinning of the bit in drilling operations. Such forces would impose shear stresses on the fastening members that extend through the shoe member and axially into the drill shank. Four embodiments are disclosed: a spudding bit, two star bits and a scow bit.

Abstract: A rotary stone-cutting head has a body generally centered on and adapted to be rotated in a predetermined direction about an axis. An array of cutter supports on the body directed at least partially in the direction carry respective cutter teeth each having relative to the axis an outer cutting edge and relative to the direction a generally angularly forwardly directed face adjacent the edge and formed with an array of holding recesses. The teeth are at least at the edges of hardened metal. The teeth are removably secured to the respective supports and respective hardened-metal breaking pins have shanks fitted to the recesses and points directed angularly forwardly in the direction. At least some of the points lie angularly ahead in the direction of the respective cutting edge. These points having a crushing effect that greatly augments the effectiveness of the cutting edges.

Abstract: This invention relates to large diameter raise bore rock bits. The invention comprises a means in which extensions may be attached to the outer diameter of the body of the rock bit, thus providing a variable diameter raise bore rock bit. The extensions are mounted to the primary body of the bit such that compressive loads are imposed on the attachment means. These compressive loads are transmitted from the extensions of the body by designing the extension portions of the bit such that they interlock to the basic bit body. The mating surfaces of the attachment means transmit predominantly compressive loads acting substantially normal to the load bearing surfaces. The attachment means are further designed to increase the grip of the extended bit portions as increased loads are applied to the body of the rock bit.

Abstract: Rock drill bit having shaving cutters on the leading end of a removable bit head for shaving the hole bottom and shaving reamer cutters extending lengthwise of the bit. The cutters and receiving slots therefor have dovetail configurations for trapping the cutters in the slots. Wedges for locating the cutters are disposed in the bottoms of the slots. Lateral passages communicate with a central mud passage to deliver mud fluid to ports between the cutters. The central mud passage has a venturi configuration and lengthwise extending passages in the bit extend downwardly from upstream of the venturi to intersect or communicate with the lateral passages. A core shaver is mounted by a collet chuck in the central passage close to its outlet to the leading end of the bit to shave a core formed on the hole bottom between the inner ends of the shaving cutters on the end face.

Abstract: In a mine tool of the type having a drive body holding a bit, the bit and drive body include complimentary and mating surfaces wherein one pair of surfaces are adapted to be in overlapping relationship when the bit is twisted in a direction opposite the rotational direction for detachably mounting the bit to the drive body.

Abstract: A cutter bit assembly having an elongated cutter bit, a bit holder, a bit block and a locking means for removably affixing the bit holder to the bit block. The bit holder has a tapered locking lip and a tapered surface wherein a resultant cutting force provides a locking action between the tapers.

Abstract: In a mine tool of the type having a drive body holding a bit, the drive body includes a pair of forwardly projecting flanges forming air passages in proximity to the cutting edges for the conveyance of detritus.

Abstract: An auger system is described having an upstanding axial stem with a pilot bit attached to the bottom of the stem. A downwardly spiraling flight structure affixed to the axial stem has a leading edge terminating in the vicinity of the pilot bit. Enhanced cutting operations are provided by way of a cutting tooth holder structure removably secured to the leading edge of the flight structure and extending from a position adjacent the stem above the pilot bit to a position proximate to the perimeter of the flight structure. The holder structure is provided with a plurality of spaced apart pockets for receiving shank portions of cutting teeth. Stresses applied to the cutting teeth during operations are distributed through the holder structure back to the flight structure by way of reinforcing webs which extend from a position proximate to each of the cutting tooth receiving pockets to a position for contact with the leading edge of the flight structure.

Abstract: A support assembly for trencher teeth or other tools including a mounting bracket which is retained on a bracket support by only one retaining pin thereby permitting quick and convenient installation on or detachment from a trencher digging chain. The mounting bracket is constructed for holding a pair of reversible trencher teeth made in accordance with the present invention, each tooth including plural cutting edges. The operator mounts a trencher tooth to one side of the mounting bracket until its forward cutting edge becomes dulled or damaged, and then, reverses the tooth to the opposite side of the bracket for further use. One end of the mounting bracket is formed with a downwardly depending hook-like projection which engages and locks against an end of the bracket support. The opposite end of the mounting bracket abuts against an upstanding vertical projection on the bracket support and is held thereto by a single retaining pin passing through the upstanding projection and into the bracket support.

Abstract: A wedge arrangement for affixing a tool mounting means onto a base member in such manner that substantially no wear occurs between the mounting means and base member. The mounting means has a tapered portion which is wedgingly received within a correspondingly tapered cavity provided in the base member, and that part of the base member which defines the tapered cavity completely surrounds that part of the tapered portion which is seated therein. The mounting means is also provided with a perforation or socket to receive the shank or body portion of a cutting element which has a relatively sharp cutting point or edge provided thereon.

Abstract: A removable anti-wear insert adapted to be mounted in the bore of a tool body, the insert being removable after wear with minimal damage to the tool body. The removable insert has a bore therein mounting an extractor sleeve, the sleeve having a threaded portion. Upon sufficient wear, the extractor sleeve threaded portion is exposed so that a set screw already mounted therein, or a separate bolt, can be rotated inwardly into engagement with the bottom of the tool body bore to force the insert upwardly out of the tool body bore. The head of the bolt threadedly mounted in the extractor sleeve shaft within the insert bore can be used as a point of leverage for pulling the insert out of the hole.

Abstract: A rock cutting tooth assembly for a dredge cutterhead in which each tooth has a cutting edge formed by the intersection of a cutting face substantially lengthwise with the tooth and a flank substantially transverse to the tooth, the cutting face lying in a plane which intersects the axis of the base of the tooth at a location inwardly of said base, and said plane being angularly disposed with respect to a profile plane from the center of the cutterhead to the cutting edge. Preferably, there is disposed another such tooth with its cutting face oppositely facing the first tooth cutting face and the axis of the base of the tooth is angularly disposed with respect to the axis of the adapter landing.

Abstract: A bit and block are disclosed wherein the bit has a flat bar-like forward working portion and a shank rearwardly of said forward working portion. The shank, when viewed in cross section, has a non-circular shape so that, when placed in a support block having a bore of similar size and shape, the bit will not rotate in the block. An expansible clip is used at the rear end of the bit, behind the shank portion, to hold the bit in the block.

Abstract: The specification describes a mineral cutter pick arrangement in which the cutter pick has a body member with a cutter tip formed at one end thereof. The widest dimension of the cutter pick transverse to the forward direction of movement of the cutter pick adjacent the cutter tip being greater than the corresponding dimension of a cutter pick holder on which, in use, the pick is mounted; the cutter pick body member being formed at one end with a top member extending rearwardly of the body member, wherein the rearmost surface of said top member extends from the undersurface of said top member at an angle which diverges from the normal to the undersurface of said top member.

Abstract: A locking pin for sintered metal carbide inserts in tools adapted to work against hard mineral substances to minimize dislodgment of the inserts. The pin is generally cylindrical having a flat along a part of one side and circumferentially disposed ribs projecting therefrom. The pin is seated in a small bore alongside the socket in which the insert is press fitted, and is adapted to be deformed into locking engagement with the insert and with the sidewall of the bore which may be trepanned or undercut.

Abstract: Conventional drag bits for diamond insert studs generally require a two-step operation which includes a first drilled hole to accept the grip length of the diamond stud. A second counterboring operation relieves the upper portion of the bored hole to clear the bottom edge of the diamond cutting face of the insert. Counterboring also facilitates insertion of the studs within the hole. Conventional insertion methods for the studs unfortunately leave a portion of the insert vulnerable to breakage because the back side of the insert opposite the cutting face is unsupported. This invention corrects this problem by drilling the counterbore hole eccentrically with respect to the insert hole so that the counterbore surface is, for example, tangent with the insert hole at a point opposite the cutting face of the insert stud, thus providing support for the upper portion of the stud during operation of the drag bit.

Abstract: An assembly for a cutting tool is disclosed comprising an upper body portion with a slot therethrough, a cutter tool insert disposed within the slot and a tapered pin disposed within a tapered aperture in the cutting tool in non-yielding, frictional engagement with a bottom surface of the insert.

Abstract: Vibratory drill apparatus is disclosed which is adapted for automatic self-balancing to compensate for variations in hardness of the material being drilled and/or dulling of the cutting blades which occurs during the drilling operation. The apparatus includes a tubular casing adapted to be connected to a rotating shaft and a drill assembly comprising a plurality of coaxially extending pipe members, each being located one within the other, the upper region of the drill assembly being received within the lower region of the casing. A drill head is defined at the lower region of the drill assembly. The pipe members are interconnected such that they are mutually fixed to each other for simultaneous rotation about their axis and such that each pipe member is free to move in the axial direction relative to the other pipe members.

Abstract: A cutter element having a peripheral working surface and a frontal face, defining therebetween a cutting edge. The working surface of a cutter element is formed in the shape of a solid of rotation generated about a longitudinal axis. The axial section of the working surface forms with a plane passing through its cutting edge and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, an angle selectable within 40.degree. to 120.degree.. The cutter element is provided with a shaft, which is supported for rotation around the longitudinal axis in a holder adapted to be mounted on a heading or combine tool.

Abstract: An apparatus for rock cutting and drilling. A preferred embodiment of the apparatus is a drill bit comprised of composite compact cutters removably secured or attached to the drill crown. The cutter is preferably comprised of a stud or pin with an abrasive composite compact bonded at one end of the stud. The securing means for the cutter is comprised of a sleeve and a bushing fixed in the recess of the bit crown. The sleeve has a threaded outer wall for engagement with a threaded inner wall of the bushing. The height of the cutter is adjustable by the provision of metal shims between the bottom of the recess and the base of the stud of the cutter.

Abstract: A rock drill bit is disclosed of the type comprising a steel body having a plurality of longitudinally extending holes, and a plurality of metal inserts mounted in the holes. Each hole includes a cylindrical steel wall portion, a bottom steel wall portion, and a radially enlarged transition steel wall portion extending between a longitudinally inner end of the cylindrical wall portion and a radially outward end of the bottom wall portion. Each insert includes a cylindrical insert portion directly abutting against the cylindrical wall portion of the hole. A cylindrical surface portion extends longitudinally inwardly at least as far as the longitudinally inner end of the cylindrical wall portion. The transition wall portion of the hole is smoothly curved continuously from the longitudinally inner end of the cylindrical wall portion to the bottom portion. The transition wall portion extends radially outwardly and longitudinally inwardly from the longitudinally inner end of the cylindrical wall portion.

Abstract: A base member is mounted on the driven element of a mining machine or the like. A bit holder is affixed to the base member in such a way that the bit holder may be readily removed and replaced. The base member and bit holder having cooperating abutment surfaces to sustain much of the resultant cutting forces encountered during operation. A connecting pin is provided to maintain the bit holder in position on the base member. Retaining means are provided for the connecting pin. Such retaining means are located between the ends of the connecting pin so as to lock the connecting pin in position without having to have either the connecting pin or the retaining means extend laterally from the joined bit holder and base member. The connecting pin and its retaining means may readily be removed when it is time to replace the bit holder.

Abstract: This bit holder assembly includes an elongate base member, which is fixedly attached to a mining machine cutter, and a bit-holding block member, which is connected to the base member by means of longitudinally spaced fasteners. The block member and base member each include interface portions engageable when the members are connected. The assembly can be modified to suit different types of cutting bits and the thickness of the base member can be chosen to achieve the correct mounting height for the particular bit used.

Abstract: A core barrel comprises an elongate hollow cylinder having a substantially uniform diameter throughout its length and having apparatus at one end thereof for connection to a kelly. The opposite end of the core barrel cylinder is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart tooth receiving notches each rectangular in shape and characterized by opposed edges spaced apart a predetermined distance. A core barrel tooth is received in each of the notches of the cylinder, and each tooth comprises a central body portion having spaced apart surfaces which engage the opposed edges of the notch. Opposed lateral flanges extend in the forward and rearward directions from the central body portion of each core barrel tooth along the inner and outer surfaces of the core barrel cylinder. Bifurcations extend from one end of the opposed lateral flanges of each core barrel tooth along the inner and outer surfaces of the core barrel cylinder.

Abstract: A core barrel comprises an elongate hollow cylinder having a substantially uniform diameter throughout its length and having apparatus at one end thereof for connection to a kelly. The opposite end of the core barrel cylinder is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart tooth receiving notches each rectangular in shape and characterized by opposed edges spaced apart a predetermined distance. A core barrel tooth is received in each of the notches of the cylinder, and each tooth comprises a tooth body having spaced apart surfaces which engage the opposed edges of the notch. Bifurcations extend from the tooth body of each core barrel tooth along the inner and outer surfaces of the core barrel cylinder. Aligned holes are formed through the bifurcations of each tooth and through the portion of the cylinder extending therebetween, and roll pins are utilized to secure the core barrel teeth in the tooth receiving notches of the core barrel cylinder.

Abstract: A frusto-conical multi-stage reamer constructed from a sequence of reamer stages is disclosed. Each reamer stage includes a central stem having a coupling at the leading end and a coupling at the trailing end. A plurality of circumferential arms extend from the central stem of each reamer stage and are inclined in a common direction with respect to the axis of the stems. The free ends of the arms are directed outwardly and forwardly with respect to the stem, and individual reamer teeth are attached to the free end of each arm. The radial extent of the arms of each stage of the sequence is a preselected increment greater than the radial extent of the arms of each preceding stage. In operation, the reamer stages are connected in sequence by the aforesaid couplings and simultaneously rotated and pulled through a pilot hole to produce an enlarged aperture.