Abstract: A vehicle includes a battery to which electric power supplied from electric vehicle supply equipment is charged. A green zone exists in which traveling of a vehicle using an amount of electric power that has a greenhouse gas emission intensity greater than a regulatory limit is restricted. A server includes: I/O ports through which the emission intensity of the electric power supplied from the electric vehicle supply equipment is obtained; and a processor that associates the amount of electric power charged from the electric vehicle supply equipment to the battery with the emission intensity obtained through the I/O ports. The processor: permits the vehicle to travel within the green zone using an amount of electric power having an emission intensity less than the regulatory limit within the amount of electric power stored in the battery; and notifies the vehicle of information related to that amount of electric power.

Abstract: A motor vehicle has a steerable first axle, a driveable second axle, an electric drive for driving the second axle, and a traction battery via which the electric drive can be provided with electrical energy stored in the traction battery. The electric drive has a housing, an electric motor, which has a stator and a rotor that can be rotated around a rotor axis relative to the stator and relative to the housing, and a first planetary gear set arranged coaxially with the rotor axis. The first planetary gear set has a first element, a second element, and a third element.

Abstract: A drive unit includes an internal combustion engine (21) disposed in an engine compartment (10), a first electric motor (31) and a second electric motor (33), and an inverter (27) disposed above an electromotive unit (23). The drive unit has: a first harness (41) that connects the inverter and the first electric motor; a second harness (42) that connects the inverter and the second electric motor; a step portion (51) formed so as to be recessed on one side or the other side, in the left-right direction, of the upper end of the inverter; and an AC terminal block (55) disposed in the step portion. The first harness and the second harness respectively extend downward from the DC terminal block while extending outward, and are respectively connected to upper parts of the first electric motor and the second electric motor.

Abstract: A vehicle is a series hybrid vehicle that drives drive wheels using a travel motor by utilizing power of a power generation motor, which generates power by being driven by motive power of an internal combustion engine provided with a turbo charger. A method for controlling the vehicle includes executing a fuel cut of the internal combustion engine when excess power is greater than at least power that can be inputted in the system and the internal combustion engine is being supercharged.

Abstract: In the present invention, an internal combustion engine (7) drives a generator (6). The internal combustion engine (7) carries out a standby operation. The standby operation is an operation involving assisting power supply to a drive motor (2). During the standby operation of the internal combustion engine (7), the SoC of a battery (4) is equal to or higher than a predetermined SoC threshold. The operating point of the internal combustion engine (7) during the standby operation is further on a lower-output side than the operating point of the same during the charging of the battery (4). The operating point of the internal combustion engine (7) during the standby operation is an operating point in which the collector pressure of the internal combustion engine (7) is equal to or higher than a predetermined collector pressure threshold. The operating point of the internal combustion engine (7) during the standby operation is within a lean combustion region.

Abstract: Systems and methods for coordinating and providing braking assistance between towing vehicles and towed vehicles during towing events, such as bidirectional charging towing events, are provided. The towing braking assistance may be provided by the towed vehicle in the form of an assistive braking torque output to assist the towing vehicle with meeting a target deceleration rate during the towing event. The assistive braking torque output may be provided to account for mutual vehicle deceleration events, brake compensation or brake fade events, and stability events of the coupled vehicles during the towing events, for example.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle controlling method is provided. In response to an engine startup demand, when a vehicle target driving force is below a given value, an instruction hydraulic pressure for a hydraulic control circuit is set to a first pressure at which an increase rate in an engagement pressure at a start of engaging of a friction engagement element becomes below a given rate and maintained for a given time period, then set to a second pressure at which an engine-startup engagement pressure is applied to the friction engagement element and maintained until the engine startup is completed, and then set to a third pressure for setting the friction engagement element to an engaged state. When the target driving force is above the given value, the instruction hydraulic pressure is set to the second pressure and maintained until the engine startup is completed, and then set to the third pressure.

Abstract: An autobrake system includes a brake control unit (BCU), and a control knob in electronic communication with the BCU. The BCU is configured to receive a position signal from the control knob, the position signal corresponding a position of the control knob. The BCU is configured to select a braking deceleration based upon the position signal, wherein the braking deceleration continuously changes between a minimum braking deceleration and a maximum deceleration in response to the control knob moving between a first position and a second position for fine tuning of the braking deceleration.

Abstract: A method of heating an aftertreatment system includes fulfilling a vehicle drive load of a vehicle via an electrical drivetrain of a vehicle hybrid powertrain, wherein the vehicle hybrid powertrain comprises the electrical drivetrain and an internal combustion engine; while the electrical drivetrain is fulfilling the vehicle drive load, operating the internal combustion engine to generate airflow for transport of heat through the aftertreatment system; and directing a heat source to raise a temperature through a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device of the aftertreatment system.

Abstract: A work machine comprising a work unit that performs work on a travel path, an internal combustion engine configured to generate power for driving the work unit, a traveling unit including a front wheel and a rear wheel, an electric motor configured to generate power for driving a first wheel of the front wheel and the rear wheel, a first clutch for switching between transmission and discontinuation of the power from the internal combustion engine to a second wheel of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and a switching control unit configured to control the first clutch based on a power consumption of the electric motor for switching between the transmission and the discontinuation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method, performed by a first control device, for controlling physically connecting a first and a second module to assemble a vehicle, wherein the first control device is comprised in the first module, the method comprising: activating a sensor device in the first module; identifying an area between the two modules by means of the sensor device; transmitting information about the identified area to the second module; continuously determining the position of the second module in relation to the first module, by means of the sensor device, while the second module is moving towards the first module, and transmitting the determined position to the second module; and physically connecting the modules when the second module has reached the first module.

Abstract: A method of cooling a rack of heat dissipating components comprises cooling air, and porting the cooled air into a volume in front of the rack from above the volume. The method further comprises moving the cooled air from the volume in front of the rack to a plenum at a rear portion of the rack to pressurize the plenum. The cooled air is moved with an air mover disposed at a bottom portion of the rack, The method also comprises flowing air from the pressurized plenum past or through heat dissipating components in the rack to the volume in front of the rack, by force of pressure in the plenum through air-directing ports in the plenum. The air may be flowed through the heat dissipating components, around the heat dissipating components, or both. The method further comprises drawing warm air from an upper portion of the volume in front of the racks to cool it again.

Abstract: A road vehicle having: a frame; four wheels, which are mounted on the frame in a rotary manner; a body, which covers the frame; a compressor, which produces a compressed gas; and at least one tank, which receives the compressed gas from the compressor and has a containing chamber, which is delimited by a wall. The wall of the tank includes: an inner panel, which directly delimits the containing chamber and is in contact with the compressed gas; and an outer panel, which completely surrounds the inner panel and is arranged parallel to the inner panel and at a constant distance from the inner panel.

Abstract: The disclosure is generally directed to systems and methods for optimizing vehicle deployment. A software application is used to obtain information about a travel route. The information is used to evaluate an energy storage depletion characteristic of a battery that is used to operate a battery-operated vehicle and to determine whether the battery-operated vehicle can be deployed on the travel route. One of the factors that can affect the energy storage depletion characteristic of the battery is ambient temperature, because battery performance may be adversely affected by extreme temperatures. Consequently, a range of operation of the battery-operated vehicle may be impacted if the travel route has extreme ambient temperatures. If the evaluation indicates that the energy storage depletion characteristic of the battery is unsuitable for the travel route, another battery-operated vehicle with a better battery may be deployed on the travel route.

Abstract: A thermal management system for an electrified vehicle and a method for managing such a system, includes a coolant subsystem to cool a battery pack and a refrigerant subsystem. The coolant subsystem includes a battery chiller in fluid communication with a cooling system inlet to the battery pack. The refrigerant subsystem includes a chiller cooling subsystem to cool the battery chiller and a cabin cooling subsystem to cool a passenger cabin, wherein the chiller cooling subsystem and the cabin cooling subsystem are completely separate from each other.

Abstract: A hybrid mobile operating machine comprising a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine, an articulated arm associated with a pipe, a pumping unit and a stabilization unit, primary services and auxiliary services, wherein the internal combustion engine is suitable to power at least a first and a second power take-off. The mobile operating machine is provided with both a first drive unit which comprises at least one electric accumulator, a first electric motor and a first hydraulic pump, and a second drive unit which comprises at least one second electric motor and a second hydraulic pump.

Abstract: A powertrain control system is provided for a vertical take-off and landing aerial vehicle for urban air mobility. A powertrain of the vertical take-off and landing aerial vehicle is a hybrid type powertrain, in which the output shaft of a rotor driving motor is directly connected to a rotor, a battery is connected to the rotor driving motor to supply power thereto, and an engine and a generator are connected to a battery to charge and discharge the battery. The driving of the engine and the generator is controlled based on required power of the motor and the SOC of the battery in each flight step of the vertical take-off and landing aerial vehicle, and the SOC of the battery is constantly maintained at a predetermined level or higher.

Abstract: A control method is performed to control a traction device of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine that includes a plurality of cylinders. Each of cylinders has at least one air intake valve, at least one exhaust valve for the combustion gases generated by the internal combustion engine, and a fuel injector. A treatment device is provided for the combustion gases that is active from an actuation temperature. The treatment device is placed downstream of the exhaust valve. The traction device includes an electrical heater for heating the combustion gas treatment device. The traction method further compares a temperature of the combustion gas treatment device with an actuating threshold temperature and actuates the electrical heater and stopping a fuel supply being supplied to one or more of the cylinders as long as the temperature of the combustion gas treatment device is below the actuating threshold temperature.

Abstract: A planetary gear assembly includes a wheel hub surrounding an axis, and having an end face and a plurality of engaging recesses formed in the end face, and a planetary gear reduce mechanism including a sun gear disposed on and rotatable about the axis, a plurality of planet gears, and first and second ring gears. The planet gears angularly surround the sun gear and mesh with the sun gear and the first and second ring gears. The first ring gear is stationary relative to the planet gears. The second ring gear is arranged between the wheel hub and the first ring gear along the axis. The second ring gear includes a wheel-hub-facing face surrounding the axis and facing the end face, and a plurality of joining protrusions disposed on the wheel-hub-facing face and respectively complementary in shape with and respectively engage the engaging recesses.

Abstract: A motor generator control system includes: a motor generator; a drive current control unit configured to perform feedback control so that a driving force at a time of power running or the driving force at a time of regeneration of the motor generator is a target driving force; a current coordinate control unit configured to output a d-axis current value and a q-axis current value to the drive current control unit; and a strong field control unit configured to perform strong field control of setting a field to be stronger than a field strength at which a maximum efficiency is obtained. When the strong field control is performed during the regeneration, the motor generator control system executes current consumption control of performing the feedback control by changing the d-axis current value and the q-axis current value so that the driving force is smaller than the target driving force.

Abstract: A vehicle control device including processor being configured to, when driving sections are present inside a restricted region, extract as a restricted driving section from among driving sections present inside the restricted region a driving section through which it is projected the vehicle will be driven in a restricted time period in which operation of internal combustion engines is restricted, and prepare a driving plan able to drive through the restricted driving section in the EV mode.

Abstract: An electronic control unit is configured to: output a first command value to the hydraulic control circuit system and then output a second command value to the hydraulic control circuit system during a transition in which the control state of the clutch is switched from a disengaged state to an engaged state when starting the engine; perform first control in which the motor outputs the cranking torque, and second control in which the engine starts operation, when starting the engine; and when the vehicle is in a predetermined state in which a required hydraulic pressure is not secured stably when starting the engine, start output of the first command value when the vehicle is not in the predetermined state, the required hydraulic pressure being a hydraulic pressure supplied from the hydraulic control circuit system to the clutch actuator and required to switch the control state of the clutch.

Abstract: An autonomous mobile device (AMD) operating in a first mode moves within a physical space to perform various tasks such as displaying information on a screen, following a user, and so forth. The first mode may involve the AMD moving or maintaining a particular pose. While the AMD is in the first mode, a user may apply an external force to the AMD to reposition the AMD to a desired pose. Application of this external force on the AMD is detected and results in the AMD transitioning to a second mode in which the AMD may be repositioned. While in the second mode, the user may reposition the AMD. The second mode may constrain the magnitude of the resulting movement, preventing the user from moving the AMD too quickly which could damage components within the AMD. Once the external force ceases, the AMD may transition back to the first mode.

Abstract: A hierarchical voltage control system is provided. A supercapacitor unit and a lithium battery unit are both connected to a DC bus to form a parallel-structure-type hybrid energy storage system, and are each configured with a power device and a switch to control a connection relationship between the corresponding unit and the DC bus. A detection circuit detects current and voltage values of the supercapacitor unit, the lithium battery unit, and the DC bus, detects an operating parameter of a power conversion system, and transmits the operating parameter to a processor, the power conversion system being connected in parallel to the DC bus for bidirectional power conversion of AC and DC energy sources. A microprocessor determines a system operating condition and uses a hierarchical voltage control strategy to control charging and discharging states of the supercapacitor unit and the lithium battery unit.

Abstract: A computer for controlling a drivetrain of a hybrid vehicle including a combustion engine, an electric machine, a battery and a “heated” catalytic converter including an internal heating system. The computer being configured to determine a plurality of values for a criterion pertaining to the energy consumption of the drivetrain as a function of the distribution of torque between the at least one combustion engine and the at least one electric machine, of the at least one combustion mode of the combustion engine, and of the energy consumption due to the use of the catalytic converter, select the minimum value of the consumption criterion, apply the combustion engine torque command, the electric machine torque command, the command pertaining to the energy consumption by the catalytic converter and the command pertaining to the combustion mode of the combustion engine corresponding to the selected value of the consumption criterion.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage system and a self-start method thereof. The system includes a power conversion system; a DC bus; n single racks, where n is a natural number, and n is greater than or equal to 1; a host computer, connected to each of the n single racks; and a master battery management unit, connected to each of the n single racks, where each of the n single racks includes a first miniature circuit breaker, a DC/DC power module, a slave battery management unit, a wake-up relay, a main positive high voltage relay, a main negative high voltage relay, a CSC module, and a battery box. The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application can resolve the problem that an energy storage system cannot self-start when there is no external power supply.

Abstract: A control device for a hybrid vehicle includes a processor being configured to: set a target state of charge of the battery; control the internal combustion engine and rotating electric machine and charging and discharging of the battery to make the hybrid vehicle run, so that a state of charge of the battery becomes the target state of charge; and, in a case where a point inside a restricted region where operation of the internal combustion engine is restricted is set as a destination or a waypoint, set the target state of charge to a lower value when an estimated time of arrival at the destination or the waypoint is a point of time outside a restricted time period when operation of the internal combustion engine is restricted in the restricted region than when the estimated time of arrival is a point of time inside the restricted time period.

Abstract: The control device of a vehicle includes a position estimating part configured to estimate a position of the vehicle, and a power output part configured to control the internal combustion engine and the electric motor to output power for running use. The power output part is configured to determine a startup position of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle when the vehicle exits from a low emission zone requesting the internal combustion engine be stopped so that startup positions of internal combustion engines of a plurality of vehicles are dispersed at surroundings of the low emission zone.

Abstract: An off-road vehicle includes a vehicle body, a power system, electrical devices, an electricity storage bank, a generator, and an electric power regulator. The electric power regulator is used to regulate the voltage output from the generator to the electricity storage bank and corresponds to the electricity storage bank. The electric power regulator includes a voltage regulating chip, a switch circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit. The electric power regulator is capable of regulating the voltage output from the generator to the electricity storage bank according to the nominal voltage of the electricity storage bank, and the output voltage of the electric power regulator is greater than the bank voltage.

Abstract: Presented are high-voltage electrical systems, control logic, and electric-drive vehicles with optimized motor torque output. A method of operating an electric-drive vehicle includes a controller identifying the vehicle's operating mode and determining calibration settings corresponding to this operating mode. These calibration settings include low and high coolant temperature (CoolTemp) thresholds, and motor-calibrated torque limits as a function of CoolTemp. The controller determines if the present CoolTemp of the power inverter's coolant is greater than the low CoolTemp threshold and less than the high CoolTemp threshold. If so, the controller sets a motor torque limit of the vehicle's electric motor to a torque limit value selected from a fixed torque limit region within the torque limits data between the low and high CoolTemp thresholds.

Abstract: A method of controlling an alternator in a marine propulsion system includes receiving a demand value, wherein the demand value relates to an amount of output power produced by the engine that is demanded for propulsion of the marine vessel, and determining whether the demand value exceeds a demand threshold. The alternator is then controlled to reduce the charge current output to the battery and/or reduce a portion of engine output power from the engine that is utilized by the alternator when the demand value exceeds the demand threshold.

Abstract: A traveling mode setting unit configured to cause a shift to shift to a second traveling mode via a third traveling mode based on a traveling state of the vehicle traveling in the first traveling mode. The internal combustion engine control unit includes a derivation unit configured to derive a second rotational speed of the internal combustion engine at the time of transition from the third traveling mode to the second traveling mode based on a first rotational speed of the internal combustion engine at the time of transition from the first traveling mode to the third traveling mode, the traveling state of the vehicle and the second reduction ratio, and the internal combustion engine control unit is configured to control a third rotational speed of the internal combustion engine in the third traveling mode to be a value between the first rotational speed and the second rotational speed.

Abstract: An advance driver brake customizing method applied to a brake customizing system is provided to identically implement a braking feeling set according to a driver's vehicle regardless of a vehicle type by transplanting driver braking feeling information of a driver's vehicle into a braking feeling matching vehicle. A braking characteristic of a brake of a brake system, which is applied to the braking feeling matching vehicle, is directed to follow the braking characteristic of a brake of the brake system, which is applied to the braking feeling matching vehicle, through driver matching control in conjunction with a wireless network. In particular, even when the same driver changes a vehicle or a driver for the same vehicle is changed, the same braking feeling is maintained.

Abstract: A terminal assembly for a traction motor includes a bus bar having a ring shape and a terminal holder configured to accommodate the bus bar therein to cover an exterior of the bus bar. The terminal assembly includes: the terminal holder which is perforated to form a coupling hole therein through which a surface of the bus bar is exposed; and a temperature sensor unit which is inserted into the coupling hole and senses a temperature of the bus bar. The terminal assembly for the traction motor according to the present disclosure has a structure in which the temperature sensor unit is coupled to the terminal holder. Thus, the epoxy application process of the related art may be omitted, the occurrence of errors due to the epoxy application may be fundamentally prevented, and the assembly process may be further simplified.

Abstract: An exemplary dual motor input includes a common shaft for coupling to a member to be rotationally driven, a first motor rotationally coupled to a first drive shaft, the first drive shaft coupled to the common shaft, and a second motor rotationally coupled to a second drive shaft, the second drive shaft coupled to the common shaft.

Abstract: A concrete mixer vehicle includes a chassis, a tractive assembly coupled to the chassis and configured to propel the concrete mixer vehicle, a mixing drum rotatably coupled to the chassis, and an electromagnetic device configured to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy to drive the tractive assembly. In a first configuration, a first battery module is removably coupled to the chassis and configured to provide the electrical energy to the electromagnetic device, and in a second configuration, the first battery module is removed from the chassis and replaced with a second battery module, the second battery module removably coupled to the chassis and configured to provide the electrical energy to the electromagnetic device.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle includes an electric generator, a drive motor, a power storage device, a power consuming device, and a controller. The controller is configured to control driving of the power consuming device. The controller is configured to execute power consumption increasing control when a vehicle power balance value is larger than a first threshold while the drive motor operates in a braking-period power generation mode.

Abstract: Disclosed are battery systems for powering a laser weapon, and methods of thereof. A system includes a battery bank comprising a plurality of cylindrical battery cells electrically connected in series and parallel to form a plurality of modules, wherein an air flow path through each module defined by a spacing between a surface of each battery cell and its neighboring battery cell. Furthermore a control system is configured to provide cooling via airflow from the one or more fans to temperature control the battery modules to prevent the temperature difference between a first side of the battery module and a second side of the battery module from rising above a predetermined threshold while the laser weapon is active and consuming energy from the battery bank.

Abstract: A vehicle comprising: a fuel store (104) configured to store a fuel, the fuel comprising a hydrocarbon; a fuel reformer (108) coupled to the fuel store (104) and configured to: receive an input comprising the hydrocarbon; and process the received input to produce an output comprising hydrogen; and a fuel cell (112) coupled to the fuel reformer (108) and configured to: receive the hydrogen from the fuel reformer (108); and produce, using the received hydrogen, electricity for use on the vehicle.

Abstract: A mounting structure for a drive device includes: a power generation unit having an engine and a generator driven by the engine to generate electric power; and a drive unit having a motor for traveling and a power transmission mechanism that outputs torque from the motor toward a driving wheel. A frame member of a vehicle body is provided inside an engine compartment. The power generation unit and the drive unit are arranged, inside the engine compartment, side by side in a width direction of a vehicle so as not to contact each other, and are each connected to the frame member via a mount member. Portions of the power generation unit and the drive unit, which are close to each other in the width direction, are connected by a connecting member having an anti-vibration elastic body.

Abstract: An engine control device includes a processor configured to execute a fuel injection control including: a first fuel injection processing for injecting an amount of fuel according to a first intake air amount based on an intake air flow rate detected by an air flow sensor; and a second fuel injection processing for injecting an amount of fuel according to a second intake air amount based on a throttle opening degree detected by a throttle position sensor. The processor selects the first fuel injection processing when a pulsation rate of the intake air flow rate is equal to or lower than a pulsation rate threshold value, and selects the second fuel injection processing when the pulsation rate is higher than the pulsation rate threshold value. The pulsation rate threshold value is smaller when a temperature correlation value is low than when the temperature correlation value is high.

Abstract: A controller for a switched reluctance motor, which includes a rotor, a stator, and coils wound around the stator and which is mounted on a vehicle as a traveling drive source, the controller including: a control unit performing regenerative control to apply a positive voltage and a negative voltage to the coils so that a current value of the coils becomes a first target current value in a predetermined regenerative region. Further, when the battery charge state value is a predetermined value or more, the control unit reduces a section where a negative voltage is applied to the coils to be narrower than that in a case where a battery charge state value is less than the predetermined value.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of movable charging vehicles, and specifically provides a start locking system for a movable charging vehicle. The invention aims to overcome the defect that the movable charging vehicle can still be started and moved during the being charging and charging of an onboard energy storage system. The start locking system of the invention comprises: a start loop, the movable charging vehicle being able to start when the start loop is switched on; and a first detection element for identifying whether an onboard energy storage system is able to enter an operating state, with the first detection element accessing the start loop, wherein the first detection element disconnects the start loop when the onboard energy storage system is able to enter an operating state.

Abstract: A vehicle incorporates a gravity-assist energy harvesting suspension system including one or more gravitational positive displacement pumps. The positive displacement pump has a cylinder and a reciprocating piston inside the cylinder. The piston is adapted for movement along a compression stroke and an opposite extension stroke in response to a gravitational bounce of the vehicle when in motion. A turbine comprising a rotor shaft and attached blades is mounted relative to a distal end of a fluid outlet hose connected to the pump. Fluid discharged through the outlet hose acts on the blades, thereby moving and imparting rotational energy to the rotor shaft. A generator is operatively connected to the turbine, and is adapted for converting the rotational energy generated by the rotor shaft to electrical energy.

Abstract: A relay (25) connects and disconnects an electrical circuit to which an inverter (16) and an electricity storage device (19) are connected. A BCU (22) controls the electricity storage device (19). An HC (27) controls an electric motor (15), the inverter (16) and the BCU (22). The HC (27) and the BCU (22) respectively have FET switches (30, 31) for controlling supply and stop of the excitation current in the relay (25). When the electricity storage device (19) is determined to be in an abnormal state, the BCU (22) transmits an abnormal signal to the HC (27), and when a predetermined time has elapsed, turns off (opens) the first FET switch (30) of the BCU (22). The HC (27) executes stop processing based upon the abnormal signal received from the BCU (22) and then turns off (opens) the second FET switch (31) of the HC (27).

Abstract: A reduction drive including an electric motor disposed in a housing and driving a motor shaft, a Hall Effect sensor adjacent to the motor, a power and control module, and a pinion gear in the housing and driven by the motor shaft. A planetary gear reduction assembly includes a first ring gear rotatably disposed in the housing and driven by the pinion gear, a sun gear engaged to and driven by the first ring gear, a second ring gear non-rotatably fixed to a housing surface, and a plurality of planet gears mounted on a carrier assembly, each planet gear rotating with the sun gear, and on the second ring gear. An output axle is driven by the carrier assembly and has an axis of rotation that is offset from and parallel to the motor shaft axis of rotation.

Abstract: A control device comprising an electric power supply control part controlling a supply of electric power to a rotary electrical machine so as to use the output electric power of a second battery to make up for insufficient output electric power of a first battery when driving a vehicle by just drive power of the rotary electrical machine and a startup preparation starting part starting a supply of electric power to the catalyst device to start preparation for startup of the internal combustion engine if driving a vehicle by just drive power of the rotary electrical machine and the state of charge of the second battery becomes less than the state of charge for preparation for startup. The startup preparation starting part is configured to increase the state of charge for preparation for startup when the maximum output electric power of the first battery calculated based on the state of the first battery is small compared to if it is large.

Abstract: A method of controlling a range extender of an electric vehicle comprises using actual measured or modelled pollution levels dynamically to set a target state of charge level for a range extender of an electric vehicle at a particular location.

Abstract: A method and device for controlling output power in a primary frequency modulation process of a wind turbine are provided by the present disclosure. The method includes predicting a rotational speed of the wind turbine; determining frequency modulation remaining time based on the predicted rotational speed, the frequency modulation remaining time being time for which the wind turbine is able to continue to output frequency modulation power as the output power used for the primary frequency modulation without affecting a recovery of the wind turbine after the primary frequency modulation; controlling the output power based on the determined frequency modulation remaining time.

Abstract: A power interface (14) connected to an ultra capacitor (16), a power source (18), and a load (20), with a controller (22) for managing the power interface (14), and monitoring the ultra capacitor (16), power source (18), and demands of the load (20) attached thereto. The power interface (12) selectively switches the circuit between the ultra capacitor (16) and the power source (18), and between the load (20) in response to the level of demand of the load (20) attached thereto such that the ultra capacitor (16) powers peak demand and the power source (18) powers steady demand.