Abstract: A muffler of a motorcycle having an outside diameter greater than the outside diameter d1 of a rectilinear portion of a branch pipe is disposed at a transverse portion of an exhaust pipe. Since the muffler is formed to be roughly elliptic in sectional shape, the outside diameter of the muffler is represented by a major diameter da as the length in the direction of a major axis and a major diameter db as the length in the direction of a minor axis. When the muffler is disposed between a swing arm and a seat to be along the transverse portion of the exhaust pipe, the muffler can be disposed on the more vehicle front side while securing the capacity thereof. Therefore, protrusion of the muffler toward the rear of the vehicle is suppressed, and the external appearance of a vehicle rear portion is enhanced.

Abstract: The inside of a muffler main body formed from an outer plate into the shape of a cylinder is divided into an upstream-side expansion chamber and downstream-side expansion chambers by partition walls. A catalyst is contained in the upstream-side expansion chamber having a larger volume, and a cylinder-shaped reinforcement member is attached to an inner surface of the outer plate of the upstream-side expansion chamber.

Abstract: A muffler of an internal combustion engine is characterized in that a muffler of an internal combustion engine having a muffler main body connected to a rear end of an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, a tail pipe extended from a rear end surface of the muffler main body, and a tail cover covering an outer periphery of the tail pipe includes a partition wall compartmentalizing a space formed between the tail pipe and the tail cover into at least two or more spaces.

Abstract: A vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust component having an inlet and an outlet. The exhaust component is configured to be fixed to a vehicle body. A pipe extends through the exhaust component from the inlet to the outlet. The pipe is mounted for movement relative to the exhaust component at the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: An exhaust system of a saddle-ride type vehicle includes engagement units to improve the exterior design of a muffler cover and a muffler cover for an excellent appearance that can be easily and reliably attached. A cylindrical muffler is connected to an exhaust pipe for exhausting exhaust from an engine E. A front cap is provided on a front side of a muffler body portion. A muffler cover covers part of the exhaust pipe and the front cap. In the exhaust system, multiple engagement units respectively include multiple engagement receiving parts and multiple engagement claw parts. The engagement receiving parts are provided on an outer surface wall of the front cap with an interval therebetween in a circumferential direction about a muffler center axis of the muffler. The engagement claw parts corresponding respectively to the multiple engagement receiving parts and are disposed on a back surface of the muffler cover.

Abstract: A dual muffler is provided which includes an inlet pipe, an end of which an exhaust gas is introduced from an engine. Additionally, an outlet pipe, an end of which is connected to an opposite end of the inlet pipe, branched at the opposite end of the inlet pipe running toward a side and the opposite side such that the exhaust gas from the inlet pipe is discharged through an opposite end is also provided. A housing covers the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to expose the end of the inlet pipe and the opposite end of the outlet pipe to an outside environment; and a sound-absorbing material fills the interior space of the housing except for the remaining space where the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe. A first through-hole and a second through-hole are provided in a peripheral surface of the outer pipe and a peripheral surface of the inner pipe, respectively, to receive an exhaust gas detector. Third through-holes are provided in the peripheral surface of the outer pipe, at a different position than that of the first through-hole. Since the third through-holes are provided in the outer pipe, a liquid can be drained promptly from a space between the outer pipe and inner pipe. Exhaust gas can be prevented from being discharged to the atmosphere by sealing the third through-holes.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a muffler, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The muffler includes an inlet hole adapted to receive the inlet pipe and an outlet hole to receive the exhaust pipe. The inlet pipe has a first and second linear portions extending from a radiused portion, the first and second linear portions being generally perpendicular to one another. The radiused portion and the first linear portion of the inlet pipe are positioned within the muffler. Portions of the inlet pipe and exhaust pipe located within the muffler may optionally include perforations and be closed off.

Abstract: A vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust component having an inlet and an outlet. The exhaust component is configured to be fixed to a vehicle body. A pipe extends through the exhaust component from the inlet to the outlet. The pipe is mounted for movement relative to the exhaust component at the inlet and the outlet.

Abstract: A device for manipulating the exhaust outlet noise of a motor vehicle, having an exhaust flap which can be positioned in an exhaust pipe and which can be displaced in oscillatory fashion about an exhaust flap basic position in a defined angle range about the exhaust flap basic position in order to manipulate the exhaust outlet noise, wherein the exhaust flap basic position can be actively adjusted as a function of an engine rotational speed and/or an engine load, and wherein the angle range can be actively adjusted as a function of a frequency to be eliminated or attenuated, or a frequency to be generated or enhanced, of the exhaust outlet noise.

Abstract: A motorcycle includes an exhaust chamber (82), having defined therein a chamber expansion compartment (90) for exhaust gases, and a muffler (84) having defined therein muffler expansion compartments (92, 94, 96) for the exhaust gases on a downstream side of the exhaust chamber (82). Respective outer peripheral walls of the exhaust chamber (82) and the muffler (84) are formed by a common casing (69). The exhaust chamber (82) is positioned intermediate between a motorcycle combustion engine (E) and a motorcycle rear wheel (22). The exhaust chamber (82) has an inner side surface positioned laterally inwardly of an outer side surface (22a) of the rear wheel (22) in a motorcycle body widthwise direction, and the muffler (84) has a rear portion positioned laterally outwardly of the rear wheel (22).

Abstract: An exhaust system for exhausting multiple cylinders of a small engine, wherein the exhaust system includes a plurality of exhaust units is described herein. Each exhaust unit of the exhaust system is operatively and fluidly connected to a separate cylinder of the small engine such that the exhaust gases from each cylinder remain separated as they pass through different exhaust units of the exhaust system. The exhaust system includes at least two exhaust units, and of the exhaust units is separated by an inner chamber wall that is shared by adjacent exhaust units yet prevents fluid communication between the adjacent exhaust units.

Abstract: A muffler for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine comprises: a casing having an inner space, an inlet pipe for sound to enter the muffler, an outlet pipe for sound to exit the muffler, and a separation wall arranged to extend from the inlet pipe to the outlet pipe and being embodied in a manner such as to define first and second acoustical ducts extending through the casing to allow sound propagating along the first acoustical duct to enter the inner space of the casing and to thereafter exit the inner space of the casing again, and to allow sound propagating along the second acoustical duct to acoustically bypass the inner space of the casing.

Abstract: A muffler of a construction machine is formed by respectively coupling silencers to entrance and exit sides of an exhaust-gas purifying device by flanges. In flange coupling portions, mounting seats are provided integrally with lower semicircumferential portions of the flanges of the silencers in a manner such as to protrude toward outer peripheries of the flanges. By coupling the mounting seats to muffler mount brackets attached to a muffler mount, the muffler is mounted on the muffler mount.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for silencing exhaust gases, introduced from a first side, and then discharging them to a second side opposite to the first side, includes a silencing chamber forming structure having first, second and third chambers disposed sequentially from the second side to the first side, an inlet tube to communicate the outside on the first side with the first chamber after having sequentially passed through the third and second chambers, an outlet tube to communicate the second chamber with the outside on the second side after having passed through the first chamber, a first communicating passage communicating between the first and second chambers, and a second communicating passage communicating between the second and third chambers. A peripheral wall portion of the inlet tube, positioned in the third chamber, is formed with a vent hole to communicate a space within the inlet tube with the third chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine includes an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust port of an engine and a muffler attached to the exhaust pipe and configured to reduce exhaust noise. The muffler includes an inner cylinder part connected to the downstream end of the exhaust pipe, an outer cylinder part configured to cover an outside of the inner cylinder part and noise absorbing materials disposed between the inner cylinder part and the outer cylinder part. A plurality of first communication holes providing communication between an inside and an outside of the inner cylinder part is formed in an upstream portion of the inner cylinder part. A plurality of second communication holes providing communication between the inside and the outside of the inner cylinder part is formed in a downstream portion of the inner cylinder part. Guide walls extend toward the inside of the inner cylinder part.

Abstract: In a motorcycle in which an internal combustion engine including a crankcase, a cylinder, and a cylinder head is attached to a vehicle body frame, an exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe connected to the cylinder head, and a resonator having a communication hole in communication with an inside of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is curved after being extended forward from the cylinder head and is then extended rearward in such a manner as to pass by a lateral side of the cylinder above the crankcase, while the resonator is arranged in a space between the exhaust pipe and the cylinder, and is joined to a side surface of the exhaust pipe facing inwardly of the motorcycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a component (1) for motor vehicles, in particular in exhaust systems or in independent heaters, comprising a carrier (2), wherein the carrier (2) has a predefined structural stiffness and a plate (3) for increasing the predefined structural stiffness of at least a part of the carrier (2), wherein the plate (3) is fixed to the carrier (2) via at least one connection (4), wherein the plate (3) comprises at least one honeycomb structure (W). The invention likewise relates to a method for producing a component (1) as well as a use.

Abstract: A silencer (1; 1?) for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, includes a housing (2; 2?), which includes a housing shell (3; 3?) extending in a circumferential direction (U) of the housing (2; 2?). At least one sandwich plate (6; 6?) forms a part of the housing shell (3; 3?). A housing interior space (4) including at least one chamber (8), is enclosed by the housing (2). A self-supporting support structure (5) is provided, which includes a pipe arrangement (7) that is at least partially arranged in the housing interior space (4).

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for internal combustion engines which can reduce exhaust noises, its weight and production cost with no need to provide a sub-muffler. The exhaust apparatus is provided with an inner pipe having the upstream open end and the downstream open end is disposed in the tail pipe, and the upstream open end of the inner pipe is protruded outwardly from the inside of the tail pipe to be extended into the resonance chamber, and thus the upstream open end is closed by the resonance chamber defined by the outer shell of the muffler, the end plate, and the partition plate.

Abstract: A system for improved exhaust evacuation from an internal combustion engine made up of a core which is surrounded by an outer casing, an elongated tube, and a perforated chamber made up of two cup shaped portions. The first cup shaped portion is connected to an outlet tube and the second cup shaped portion is connected to the elongated tube. The second cup shaped portion has holes around the connection and the first cup shape portion does not.

Abstract: A muffler system can include an exhaust pipe configured to be connected to an exhaust port of an engine, and a muffler containing a catalyst. The muffler is configured to be connected to a downstream side of the exhaust pipe, and can include a first protector stay covering an upper surface of a high-temperature portion of the muffler. The first protector stay creates a front opening and a rear opening between an upper surface of the muffler and front and rear portions of the protector stay. A muffler protector is attached to the protector stay, the muffler protector being configured to cover an upper surface of the muffler.

Abstract: A sound attenuating heat exchanger for an internal combustion engine includes a housing, a barrier wall and a fin. The housing includes an exhaust inlet, an exhaust outlet, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet. The exhaust inlet is connected to the exhaust outlet by an exhaust flow passage. The coolant inlet is connected to the coolant outlet by a coolant flow passage. The barrier wall fluidly separates the exhaust flow passage from the coolant flow passage. The fin extends from the barrier wall into the exhaust flow passage, and includes a resonator adapted to attenuate sound waves traveling through exhaust gas within the exhaust flow passage. The barrier wall and the fins are adapted to exchange heat energy between the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust flow passage and coolant flowing through the coolant flow passage.

Abstract: An exhaust apparatus for internal combustion engines which can reduce exhaust noises, its weight and production cost with no need to provide a sub-muffler. The exhaust apparatus is provided with an inner pipe having the upstream open end and the downstream open end is disposed in the tail pipe, and the upstream open end of the inner pipe is protruded outwardly from the inside of the tail pipe to be extended into the resonance chamber, and thus the upstream open end is closed by the resonance chamber defined by the outer shell of the muffler, the end plate, and the partition plate.

Abstract: An intake system is provided for an internal combustion engine, which includes, but is not limited to an air purifier/resonator configuration, in which a resonator element is situated in the purified air area of the intake system as an integral component in the air outlet of the air purifier, coaxially to the air outlet.

Abstract: A muffler unit (1), especially for a motor vehicle, has a two-part housing (4) with first and second housing parts (2, 3) each of a shell-like design. An outlet opening and an inlet opening (5, 6) are provided in the housing (4). An outlet bottom (12) and an inlet bottom (13) are inserted into outlet opening (5) and into the inlet opening (6), respectively. The outlet bottom (12) and inlet bottom (13) are designed each as a cover that can be inserted into outlet opening (5) and inlet opening (6).

Abstract: In order to improve an arrangement of a silencer on a combustion motor, whereby the silencer has a connection piece which with an end area adjoins an outlet in the cylinder of the combustion motor forms a flow connection between a combustion chamber of the combustion motor and the silencer in such a way a disturbance-free flow connection between a combustion chamber in the cylinder and the silencer is made possible, and more particularly to simplify the mounting of a silencer on the cylinder of a combustion motor, the internal diameter of the end area is made larger than the internal diameter of the outlet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blower arrangement for gas. The blower arrangement comprises a blower with a blower housing, at least one gas-inlet opening formed in the blower housing and gas-outlet opening, and at least one rotary-driven blower wheel arranged in the blower housing. Furthermore, the blower arrangement has at least one silencer device with at least one gas guiding element, wherein the gas-guiding element comprises a plurality of silencer openings and is designed as a gas guiding pipe. The gas guiding pipe varies its cross section along its longitudinal extension and has a wall, which is designed to be wave-like along the longitudinal extension of the gas guiding pipe. The silencer device also comprises at least one silencer chamber, which is in flow connection with the silencer openings and is arranged at least in sections laterally behind the gas guiding element.

Abstract: A fluid transfer pipe (1) comprising opposed ends (3, 5) adapted to be connected to respective pipework, the pipe (1) comprising a longitudinal axis (9), the transverse cross section of the pipe (1) varying along the length of the pipe such that the distance radially outwardly from the longitudinal axis (9) to the inner wall of the pipe (1) is non linear along at least part of the length of the pipe. A fluid attenuator comprising such a pipe is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler device has a ceramic catalyst body, and a holding tube having an end portion configured to hold the ceramic catalyst body therein with a holding mat therebetween. The end portion is reduced in diameter to form a reduced diameter portion. An exhaust pipe is connected to the holding tube, with a downstream end portion thereof being fitted to an inner circumference of the reduced diameter portion of the holding tube. An inner circumferential surface of the downstream end portion of the exhaust pipe is in proximity to a boundary portion of the holding mat and the ceramic catalyst body.

Abstract: An exhaust system component (1) of an exhaust system (2) for an internal combustion engine, especially of a motor vehicle has an inner pipe (3) made of metal, which is exposed to exhaust gas during the operation of the exhaust system (2), a housing (4) made of plastic, which encloses a working space (6), and an outer pipe (5) made of metal. The outer pipe (5) is fastened at a first end area (7) to the inner pipe (3) and is rigidly connected at a second end area (9) to the housing (4) and encloses between these end areas (7, 9) an annular space (10) formed radially between the inner pipe (3) and outer pipe (5).

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine includes an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust port of an engine and a muffler attached to the exhaust pipe and configured to reduce exhaust noise. The muffler includes an inner cylinder part connected to the downstream end of the exhaust pipe, an outer cylinder part configured to cover an outside of the inner cylinder part and noise absorbing materials disposed between the inner cylinder part and the outer cylinder part. A plurality of first communication holes providing communication between an inside and an outside of the inner cylinder part is formed in an upstream portion of the inner cylinder part. A plurality of second communication holes providing communication between the inside and the outside of the inner cylinder part is formed in a downstream portion of the inner cylinder part. Guide walls extend toward the inside of the inner cylinder part.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe including an inner tube for introducing exhaust gas, and an outer tube fitted on the inner tube. Projected portions obtained by radially inwardly projecting plural parts of the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube in the circumferential direction, and extending the same in the tube axis direction, are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube. A plurality of air chambers partitioned by the projected portions are formed between the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube, and an intermediate member is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube and the projected portions. In the exhaust pipe a sufficient noise reduction effect and a prevention effect for reduction of the temperature of an exhaust gas can be obtained even if the exhaust pipe is bent.

Abstract: An air duct assembly supplies air from an air cleaner housing to an engine throttle and includes a first duct connected to the air cleaner housing and a second duct connected to the engine air intake. Open ends of the first and second ducts are spaced from one another and the second duct has a flared bell mouth at its open end. The second duct includes a sleeve that defines an attenuation chamber. A flexible bellows overlies the first and second ducts and the sleeve, and extends across the space between the first and second ducts to provide an airtight connection therebetween and flex during relative motion between the air cleaner housing and the engine air intake. A hydrocarbon adsorbing material can be housed within the attenuation chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler with a tail pipe for suppressing ripples, increasing an engine output and improving fuel consumption efficiency is provided. A chamber is provided in the middle of an exhaust pipe for an internal combustion engine. A tail pipe connected to an end portion of an exhaust opening of the exhaust pipe is provided. A plurality of fins are disposed inside the tail pipe in a spiral shape that is gradually widened toward a discharging direction of the exhaust gas. The chamber includes a cover body and an internal exhaust pipe surrounded by the cover body. The internal exhaust pipe includes a diffusion exhaust pipe having a wide bore and a compression exhaust pipe having a narrow bore. Diffusion pores are drilled on a portion of the side surface of the internal exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, has at least one exhaust tract (2), which has at least one exhaust pipe (3) which conducts exhaust gas, and has at least one active silencer (5). The active silencer (5) has a silencer housing (6) and at least one electro-acoustic converter (7), which is arranged in the silencer housing (6). At least one connection pipe (8) connects the silencer housing (6) fluidically to the exhaust pipe (3). The thermal loading of the converter (7) can be reduced if a sound propagation path (9) formed for the propagation of airborne noise in the connection pipe (8) is impermeable to thermal radiation (16) emanating from the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe (3).

Abstract: An exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine, in particular of a motor vehicle, has at least one exhaust tract (2), which has at least one exhaust pipe (3) which conducts exhaust gas, and has at least one active silencer (5). The active silencer (5) has a silencer housing (6) and at least one electro-acoustic converter (7) which is arranged in the silencer housing (6) and at least one connection pipe (8), which connects the silencer housing (6) fluidically to the exhaust pipe (3). The thermal loading of the converter (7) is reduced with a sound propagation path (9) formed for the propagation of airborne noise in the connection pipe (8) being impermeable to thermal radiation (16) emanating from the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe (3).

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a muffler, an inlet pipe, and an exhaust pipe. The muffler includes an inlet hole adapted to receive the inlet pipe and an outlet hole to receive the exhaust pipe. The inlet pipe has a first and second linear portions extending from a radiused portion, the first and second linear portions being generally perpendicular to one another. The radiused portion and the first linear portion of the inlet pipe are positioned within the muffler. Portions of the inlet pipe and exhaust pipe located within the muffler may optionally include perforations and be closed off.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a hybrid electric vehicle includes an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe includes a first channel having a first end coupled to an engine of the vehicle and a second end that splits into a second and third channel. The second and third channels extend outwardly to a first front side and to a second front side of the vehicle.

Abstract: A radiated sound reducing structure that reduces radiated sound generated in a pipe through which gas passes includes a first pipe and a second pipe that is arranged inside the first pipe and has, on an outer peripheral surface, a linear contact portion that is in linear contact with a portion of an inner peripheral surface of the first pipe. Also, a radiated sound reducing structure in a pipe through which gas passes includes a first pipe and a second pipe formed in a pseudo-cylindrical concave polyhedral shell that is arranged inside the first pipe and has, on an outer peripheral surface, a point contact portion, that is in point contact with a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the first pipe.

Abstract: A tail pipe part includes a tail pipe to constitute part of the tail pipe, and has a hollow member connected with the tail pipe in axial alignment with the tail pipe to be positioned within an area covering a node portion in a sound pressure distribution of an air column resonance caused in the tail pipe, and a short pipe included in the hollow member and having a predetermined length to extend in the axial direction of the tail pipe, the short pipe having an open end at the upstream end thereof and a closed end at the downstream end thereof, the closed end being constituted by a bottom plate positioned at almost the same position as that of the node portion in the sound pressure distribution of a standing wave formed by the air column resonance caused in the tail pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust system composed of a plurality of components for an internal combustion engine for connecting to a manifold, the exhaust system includes at least one first section, which is provided indirectly or directly after the manifold in the flow direction, and a second section, which is directly adjacent thereto in the flow direction, wherein the two sections are connected to each other by a mechanical decoupling element. The resonant oscillations in the range above 600 Hz are to be attenuated in the exhaust system by more than 15 dB and, at the same time, the exhaust system is to be sufficiently rigid and self-supporting and designed to be lastingly gas-tight. For this purpose, a single-walled arid self-supporting acoustic insulating element is integrated in the exhaust system in the flow direction upstream of, or in, the first section.

Abstract: A working machine is provided with a revolving upperstructure, working equipment, an engine compartment, a counterweight, a muffler, and an exhaust path for releasing exhaust gas, which has been discharged from the muffler, to an outer side of the revolving upperstructure. The exhaust path includes a tailpipe connected to the muffler and an exhaust pipe for releasing exhaust gas, which has been discharged from the tailpipe, to the outer side of the revolving upperstructure. The counterweight is utilized for the formation of the exhaust path. The exhaust path includes a passage formed in the counterweight and accommodating an upper end portion of the tailpipe inserted therein with a predetermined clearance formed around the upper end portion such that the exhaust gas discharged from the tailpipe can be guided to the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust tail pipe includes a front outer tube, an inner tube and a rear tail pipe. The inner tube has a plurality of screw holes on one side mating a plurality of apertures formed on a rear coupling portion of the front outer tube to be fastened together by a plurality of bolts. The rear coupling portion is coupled on the front end of the rear tail pipe so that the rear section of the inner tube is held at the rear end of the rear tail pipe and fastened together by welding. Such a structure allows the front outer tube and rear tail pipe to be made of different materials, thus can maintain aesthetic appeal of the appearance to enhance product value.

Abstract: A new and improved muffler for use particularly with internal combustion engines which utilizes a tube assembly composed of a plurality of laterally nested perforated and non-perforated tubes in direct supporting lateral engagement with each other wherein the perforations provide direct communication of exhaust gases therebetween and wherein the tube assembly is supported at opposite ends by frustoconical entrance and exit collars, the larger ends of the collars being crimped or otherwise secured thereto providing a sealed connection.

Abstract: A plastic muffler is configured to provide a controlled mode for releasing exhaust gas pressure during an over-pressurization event. The plastic muffler has a plastic casing that includes at least one pressure relief feature. The pressure relief feature allows exhaust gas to escape from the plastic casing when internal exhaust gas pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure level.

Abstract: An exhaust device of an engine includes an exhaust pipe connected to the engine, a silencer connected to the exhaust pipe and structured of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder in which plural holes are formed, and a sound absorbing material disposed in a space formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The exhaust device further includes a partition wall partitioning the space and supporting the sound absorbing material so that the sound absorbing material does not move in an axial direction of the silencer, and the partition wall includes a continuous hole allowing exhaust gas to flow through an upstream side to a downstream side of the partition wall in the space.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a muffler (8) for an exhaust system (6) of a combustion engine (1), more preferably of a motor vehicle, with a housing (14) comprising at least one exhaust gas inlet (18) and at least one exhaust gas outlet (19), with a pipe arrangement (20) for conducting exhaust gas arranged in the housing (14), which comprises at least one pipe section (21) running within the housing (14), and with a hollow space (22) formed in the housing (14), which is present in addition to the pipe arrangement (20) and is connected to said pipe arrangement at least for the airborne sound transmission.

Abstract: A muffler mounting structure of a vehicle, particularly a straddle-type four-wheeled vehicle. The muffler mounting structure is provided with a muffler, at least one muffler mounting portion provided in a body frame and having a mounting hole, and at least one mounted bracket provided in an upper part of the muffler and disposed on an upper surface of the muffler mounting portion. The mounted bracket having a fixing member insertion hole passing in the up and down direction, and at least one fixing member inserted into the fixing member insertion hole from the upper side and fixed to the mounting hole.

Abstract: A firearm suppressor includes an outer housing and a baffle stack mounted inside the outer housing. The baffle stack includes baffles and spacers. The baffles and spacers are configured to allow a projectile to pass through while causing exhausted gas to flow through various chambers and channels in different directions.