Abstract: A control device, for the rear shock absorber of a bicycle, includes a first air chamber, a second air chamber, a third air chamber, an auxiliary air chamber, and a sliding rod. An air piston is arranged inside one of the first, second and third air chambers. However, those air chambers are respectively provided with an air hole communicating with the auxiliary air chamber. The sliding rod is configured with air tight rings, which are arranged top-to-bottom and tightly touch the inner wall of the auxiliary air chamber. Moreover, the sliding rod is provided with grooves between the air tight rings, so that the axially movement of the sliding rod may manage the first, second and third air chambers to be disconnected or to communicate with one other via the grooves to adjust the damping coefficient of the rear shock absorber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydraulic shock absorber. A solid main piston is designed to slide in a damping cylinder parallel to the movement generated when the shock absorber is subjected to a compression or a rebound stroke, the main piston dividing the damping cylinder into a first damping chamber containing the piston rod and a second damping chamber which does not contain the piston rod. A pressurization reservoir is pressurized by a force acting on a moving piston. The pressurization reservoir is arranged outside the damping cylinder and oriented at an angle relative to the damping cylinder. Two separate, adjustable valves generate a damping force acting in opposition to the stroke movement by restricting a damping medium flow between the damping chambers. A fourth defined chamber is hydraulically connected via separate flow paths to both the first and the second damping chamber and the pressurization reservoir.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper device includes a cylinder unit including a cylinder body having an inner surface and a plug, and a piston unit including a piston, a piston rod and a valve member. The piston defines an annular groove. The valve member is disposed movably in the annular groove. The piston cooperates with the inner surface to define a valve opening and a valve seat. The valve seat has a truncated conical surface. The valve member is movable between a closing position, in which the valve member covers sealingly the valve opening and abuts against the truncated conical surface, and an opening position, in which the valve member is spaced apart from the truncated conical surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrodynamic retarder, comprising a bladed rotor and a bladed stator which jointly form a working chamber which can be filled with working medium and is discharged therefrom; a working medium container for receiving working medium that is currently not situated in the working chamber; a control pressure application system for pressurizing the working medium contained in the working medium container with a control pressure medium, so that more or less working medium is displaced from the working medium container to the working chamber in order to set a desired braking torque.

Abstract: A shock strut includes a relief device that reduces the internal pressure within a sealed chamber of the shock strut when a load condition that exceeds a maximum operating load condition is encountered. The reduced pressure permits a telescopically moving piston of the shock strut to be received into a corresponding cylinder to an amount that increases the structural capability of the shock strut, especially with respect to applied side loads that generate bending and shearing stresses in the shock strut. In one embodiment, the reduced pressure permits the piston to “bottom out” relative to the cylinder, which is a condition not otherwise achievable without the relief device. This additional stroke achievable by the piston reduces or eliminates the need to reinforce and thus add weight to the shock strut because of higher load condition design requirements.

Abstract: A monotube shock absorber which is capable of high compression damping forces while operating at low pressure for reduced friction is disclosed. The monotube shock absorber includes a pressure tube, a piston assembly, a piston rod and a fixed valve assembly. A fluid/gas chamber is defined by the fixed valve assembly. A baffle is disposed within the fluid/gas chamber to reduce the sloshing of oil within the fluid/gas chamber.

Abstract: A monotube shock absorber which is capable of high compression damping forces while operating at low pressure for reduced friction is disclosed. The monotube shock absorber includes a pressure tube, a piston assembly, a piston rod, a fixed valve assembly and a floating piston. A variety of methods for securing the fixed valve assembly to the pressure tube are disclosed including use of single piece pressure tubes and pressure tube assemblies. In addition, a method for assembling the monotube shock absorber including an oil filling technique is described.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a fluid damper comprising a first fluid-filled chamber, a second chamber filled with a fluid having variable flow characteristics and at least partially displaceable by the first fluid, and a gas chamber, the gas chamber compressible due to the displacement of the second chamber. In one embodiment, the fluid in the second chamber is a variable rheology fluid.

Abstract: The damper assembly has a damper housing at least partially defining an interior chamber. A free piston is positioned in the damper housing to separate the interior chamber into a gas-filled chamber and a fluid-filled chamber. A piston assembly is configured to move within the fluid-filled chamber and separates the fluid-filled chamber into an extension chamber and a compression chamber. A valve assembly separates the compression chamber into a primary chamber adjacent the piston assembly and a secondary chamber adjacent the free piston. The valve assembly is configured to restrict flow from the primary chamber to the secondary chamber to cause a pressure drop during compression by the piston assembly. The free piston is configured to slide within the damper housing in response to fluid displacement caused by movement of the piston rod in the fluid-filled chamber.

Abstract: A colloidal damper disposed between two members for damping a relative movement of the two members, including: (I) a cylinder device including a housing and a piston which are connected to one and the other of the two members and which define a chamber; (II) a colloidal-solution sealed body accommodated in the chamber and including: (A) a colloidal solution in which are mixed a first working fluid and porous bodies each having pores; and (B) a hermetically sealed container which has flexibility and which hermetically seals the colloidal solution contained therein; and (III) a second working fluid contained in the chamber together with the colloidal-solution sealed body, wherein the colloidal damper is configured to damp the relative movement of the two members by the inflow and the outflow of the first working fluid into and out of the pores upon the relative movement of the two members.

Abstract: An impact energy conversion device, designed particularly for a car bumper comprises cylinders and at least one confusor (4), where each confusor (4) is, at its inlet, connected to the main hydraulic cylinder (6) fitted inside with the bearing of the main piston rod (7), which receives the impulse of the impact, and at its outlet is, via a non-return valve (3), connected to a hydropneumatic cylinder (8, 10), its hydraulic section (8) separated from the pneumatic section (10) with a separator, which preferably serves as the piston rod (9) between the hydraulic section and the pneumatic section and cooperates with the agent flowing through the confusor (4). The confusor (4), the main hydraulic cylinder (6), and the hydropneumatic cylinder (8,10) are arranged coaxially, or at an angle, preferably the right angle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a shock absorber having a damping fluid compensation chamber with a gas charge. In one aspect, a partition separates a first chamber portion from a second chamber portion, wherein the first portion of the chamber is at a first initial gas pressure and the second portion of the chamber is at a second initial pressure. A valve separates the first and second chamber portions and opening the valve comingles the first and second chamber portions so that the combined chamber portions are at a third pressure. In another aspect, a piston disposed through a wall is in pressure communication with the gas charge and is biased inwardly toward a pressure of the charge, whereby an indicator is movable by the piston in response to the pressure.

Abstract: In a hydraulic shock absorber, upper and lower pistons forming upper and lower two stages are fixed to a leading end portion of a piston rod. An intermediate oil chamber is provided between the upper and lower pistons. An intermediate air chamber is provided in such a manner as to compensate an oil amount change in an oil chamber by coming into contact with the intermediate oil chamber and expanding and compressing on the basis of the oil amount change of the oil chamber caused by an extension and compression stroke of the piston rod, and an air compression rate of an upper portion air chamber of the oil reservoir chamber is set to be equal to or more than an air compression rate of the intermediate air chamber, with respect to the extension and compression stroke of the piston rod.

Abstract: This is a novel shock absorber based on an oil-gas emulsion air shock design with both shock damping and suspension spring properties. The design's underlying purpose is the capability to extend beyond twice its compressed length—a quality inherently unobtainable by current shock absorbers. This capability is derived from a design possessing multiple stages whereby each stage refers to a paired working tube and shaft, and operates independently of and in series with other stages—in effect a shock within a shock. This shock is specifically created to exploit the extreme travel capacity associated with the opposed triangulated 4-link suspension system; and, is suitable for use with other high-articulation suspension systems that can be installed on street-driven four wheel drive (4WD) vehicles.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorbing apparatus includes: an inner tube; and an outer tube that is placed outside the inner tube, in which a space is defined between an outer circumferential surface of the inner tube and an inner circumferential surface of the outer tube, and a protruding portion protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube toward the outer tube or a protruding portion protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube toward the inner tube is provided in the space, and the protruding portion is formed over an entire circumference of the outer circumferential surface of the inner tube or the inner circumferential surface of the outer tube, and has a waveform when viewed from a direction crossing the outer circumferential surface or the inner circumferential surface.

Abstract: A damper unit includes first and second chambers, a first piston dividing the first chamber into first and second volumes, and a second piston dividing the second chamber into third and fourth volumes. Each piston is moveable along the respective chamber. The second chamber has a cross-sectional area that is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first chamber so that the second chamber at least partially slides inside the first chamber and at least part of the first chamber can be located around the outside of the second chamber. The first piston is attached to the part of the second chamber that slides inside the first chamber. The position of the second piston is fixed relative to the first chamber as the second chamber slides relative to first chamber. The length of the damper unit changes as the second chamber slides relative to the first chamber.

Abstract: A hydropneumatic suspension unit for a vehicle that includes an outer sleeve which defines a first chamber, and a damping piston which is arranged for sliding displacement in the first chamber. The first chamber contains gas mainly for providing spring action and liquid mainly for providing damping action. The gas is in direct contact with the liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a damping device for movable furniture part, comprising:—a damper housing,—a fluid chamber which is arranged in the damper housing and in which a piston is movably mounted,—a tappet which is connected to the piston, at least one seal being arranged between the damper housing and the tappet in order to seal the fluid chamber, wherein the tappet passes through the seal,—a compensating chamber which is fluidically connected to the fluid chamber, which runs laterally parallel to the fluid chamber, and in which at least one deformable compensating body is arranged in order to compensate for a volume change due to the tappet being immersed into the fluid chamber, said deformable compensating body and the at least one seal being designed together as a single piece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydro-pneumatic piston accumulator (1), particularly for vehicle suspension systems, consisting of an accumulator housing (2) and a separating piston (6), which is disposed free-floating inside the accumulator housing in a displaceable manner in the direction of the movement axis (4). The separating piston separates an accumulator area (8) for a hydraulic medium from a pressure area (10) that is filled or is to be filled with a compressible medium, and is guided with an interior guide opening (30) on an elongated guide element (32), which is axially fixed within the accumulator housing (2).

Abstract: The present invention is a networkable, peripherally valved hydraulic shock absorber and damper apparatus which is a substantial improvement and major advance over the shock absorber and damping systems conventionally known to date. The apparatus employs an elevated viscosity hydraulic fluid as a damping medium; and presents a unique structural arrangement that utilizes peripheral valving to shunt a high viscosity hydraulic fluid between the peripheral edges of the piston mechanism and the cylinder wall.

Abstract: There is disclosed a miniature damper (17),a viewing panel unit (1, 2, 3) incorporating a miniature damper, and a method of installing a viewing panel unit (1, 2, 3). A disclosed miniature damper (17) comprises: an elongate body (14) comprising an internal cavity having a substantially constant internal cross-section over a range of longitudinal positions; a piston housed with-in said internal cavity and configured to be movable longitudinally within said range of longitudinal positions; and a rod fixedly (15) connected to said piston at one end and extending outside of said internal cavity at the other end, wherein: a width of said elongate body in at least one direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis is less than 6 mm.

Abstract: A modern suspension damper, for example, a shock absorber or a suspension fork, including an inertia valve and a pressure-relief feature is disclosed. The pressure-relief feature includes a rotatable adjustment knob that allows the pressure-relief threshold to be externally adjusted by the rider “on-the-fly” and without the use of tools.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a liquid level in an aircraft shock strut includes a cylinder having an internal chamber sealed by a piston telescopically movable within the cylinder. The chamber contains a gas and a liquid, and a sensor assembly is provided for monitoring a condition of a level of the liquid in the chamber. The sensor assembly includes at least one probe within the chamber, and a fitting assembly allows one or more leads from the probe to pass through the wall of the strut while maintaining pressure in the chamber. The fitting assembly includes a plug molded to the one or more leads extending from the probe. The fitting assembly also includes a retainer for holding the plug in sealed relationship with a through passage in the strut.

Abstract: A separator tube 4 is manufactured by a forming method including three steps: a groove forming step of forming a housing 22 by beading; a pressing step of pressing at least one corner of an opening of the housing 22 to form an impression; and a sizing step of sizing an end 20 of the separator tube 4. Thus, the housing 22 can be formed on the inner periphery 21 of the end 20 of the separator tube 4 with high accuracy without performing cutting.

Abstract: A shock absorber apparatus for a vehicle may include a piston installed within a cylinder to be moved along a lengthwise direction of the cylinder and separating the cylinder into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, a piston rod installed to pass through the cylinder and connected to the piston, wherein the piston rod has an oil flow space therein, and a valve mechanism installed on the piston rod and operated to be opened and closed to selectively connect the upper chamber of the cylinder and the oil flow space of the piston rod.

Abstract: Fall-back prevention press of a crane in the form of a gas pressure cylinder, with a piston rod engaging in a cylinder space of the gas pressure cylinder configured as piston-type accumulator, with gas in the bottom space of the cylinder being in exchange with the gas in the piston rod and the ring space in surrounding relationship to the piston rod. A seal arrangement in a rod guide of the cylinder seals the piston rod against the cylinder. The seal arrangement includes a lubricant groove which extends around the rod guide and via which the piston rod is lubricated on the outside. The lubricant is acted upon by gas pressure prevailing in the cylinder with interposition of a pressure transmitter.

Abstract: A shock absorber has a tubular housing, a bearing sealingly mounted to the front end of the tubular housing, a piston mounted within the tubular housing for a reciprocal sliding movement, which defines within the tubular housing a working chamber and an accumulator chamber. A stem is connected to the piston and projects from the tubular housing through the bearing. At least one fluid pathway connects the working chamber to the accumulator chamber. A compensation diaphragm facing on the accumulator chamber includes a sleeve made of a deformable material mounted between the ends of the bearing. The compensation diaphragm has a rear end folded backwards such as to envelope the cup-shaped rear end of the bearing, and is provided with a shaped edge to provide a sealing between the bearing and the piston stem.

Abstract: A damper includes a housing bounding a primary chamber and a compensation chamber, the primary chamber including a first gas compartment and a control compartment that are separated by an expansion piston, the compensation chamber including a second gas compartment and an overflow compartment that are separated by a compensation piston. A piston rod has a first end slidably disposed within the control compartment. A first fluid path is in fluid communication with the overflow compartment so that when the expansion piston is in the first position, the expansion piston blocks fluid communication between the control compartment and the overflow compartment by way of the first fluid path and when the expansion piston is in the second position, the hydraulic fluid can freely flow from the control compartment to the overflow compartment by way of the first fluid path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shock-absorber for aircraft landing gear, the shock-absorber having two elements mounted to slide telescopically one in the other and defining an internal volume that is filled with hydraulic fluid and with gas, the internal volume being separated into at least two chambers by a separation including at least one throttling orifice through which the hydraulic fluid passes from one chamber to the other while the shock-absorber is being compressed. According to the invention, the separation includes at least one degassing orifice to enable gas to be transferred from one chamber to the other when the landing gear is in the deployed position, the degassing orifice being offset vertically relative to the throttling orifice so as to be located above it when the landing gear is in the deployed position.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper device for retarding movement of a movable member toward a stationary member, includes a cylinder, an axially shiftable plug disposed in the cylinder to partition a receiving chamber into liquid and air compartments, a piston axially movable in the liquid compartment to divide the same into plug-side and end-side sub-compartments and having a passage, a piston rod secured to the piston and extending along the axis through the axially shiftable plug to permit axial movement of the piston. When the piston proceeds with a final stage of retarding movement, the axially shiftable plug is urged to move by virtue of an increased pressure in the plug-side sub-compartment for generating an increased counteracting force in the air compartment against the increased pressure, thereby further slowing down the retarding movement of the piston.

Abstract: In a hydraulic shock absorber, upper and lower pistons forming upper and lower two stages are fixed to a leading end portion of a piston rod. An intermediate oil chamber is provided between the upper and lower pistons. An intermediate air chamber is provided in such a manner as to compensate an oil amount change in an oil chamber by coming into contact with the intermediate oil chamber and expanding and compressing on the basis of the oil amount change of the oil chamber caused by an extension and compression stroke of the piston rod, and an air compression rate of an upper portion air chamber of the oil reservoir chamber is set to be equal to or more than an air compression rate of the intermediate air chamber, with respect to the extension and compression stroke of the piston rod.

Abstract: A device for use in the control of mechanical forces. The device comprises first and second terminals for connection, in use, to components in a system for controlling mechanical forces and independently moveable (2, 3). Hydraulic means are connected between the terminals and contain a liquid, the hydraulic means configured, in 4 use, to produce upon relative movement of the terminals, a liquid (4) flow along at least two flow paths (5, 15, 90). The liquid flow along a first flow path generates a damping force proportional to the velocity of the liquid flow along the first flow path, and the liquid flow along a second flow path generates an inertial force due to the mass of the liquid, the force being substantially proportional to the acceleration of the liquid flow along the second flow path, such that the damping force is equal to the inertial force and controls the mechanical forces at the terminals.

Abstract: A hydraulic shock absorber that can reduce outflow amount of oil by maximally removing an oil film attached to an outer periphery of a rod and that can achieve securement of high slidability between the rod and a rod packing and prevention of wear of the rod packing. A rod packing interposed between an outer periphery of a rod and an inner periphery of a rod-side end wall includes a first lip for scrapping off an oil film attached to the outer periphery of the rod, and a ring-shaped grease holding member for supplying holding grease to the outer periphery of the rod. The grease holding member is in contact with the outer periphery of the rod at a position closer to a rod distal end than the first lip.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for damping compressive forces designed to be reversible also upon dynamic impact load. With the objective of achieving the lowest possible construction volume while simultaneously retaining favorable damping properties both upon static as well as dynamic compression, the device comprises a cylinder having a hydraulic chamber, a hollow piston, a valve arrangement and a separating piston, wherein the valve arrangement divides the hydraulic chamber into a front hydraulic chamber region and a rear hydraulic chamber region and the separating piston separates a head space from the front hydraulic chamber region. The valve arrangement comprises an eccentric hydraulic compartment connected to a transfer-flow area which is sealed by an eccentrically arranged multiplier valve.

Abstract: An apparatus and system are disclosed that provide position sensitive suspension damping. A damping unit includes a piston mounted in a fluid-filled cylinder. A vented path in the piston may be fluidly coupled to a bore formed in one end of the piston rod, creating a flow path for fluid to flow from a first side of the piston to a second side of the piston during a compression stroke. The flow path may be blocked by a needle configured to engage the bore as the damping unit is substantially fully compressed, thereby causing the damping rate of the damping unit to increase. In one embodiment, the piston includes multiple bypass flow paths operable during the compression stroke or the rebound stroke of the damping unit. One or more of the bypass flow paths may be restricted by one or more shims mounted on the piston.

Abstract: One example embodiment includes a fluid based shock absorber. The fluid based shock absorber includes a first assembly. The first assembly includes a first compression chamber. The first assembly also includes a first sliding member. At least a portion of the first sliding member is configured to remain within the first compression chamber and the first sliding member is configured to move in a first direction relative to the first compression chamber.

Abstract: A modern suspension damper, for example, a shock absorber or a suspension fork, including an inertia valve and a pressure-relief feature is disclosed. The pressure-relief feature includes a rotatable adjustment knob that allows the pressure-relief threshold to be externally adjusted by the rider “on-the-fly” and without the use of tools.

Abstract: A vibration isolator having an upper housing defining an upper fluid chamber, a lower housing defining a lower fluid chamber, a piston resiliently disposed within the upper housing and the lower housing, a tuning passage defined by the piston, for providing fluid communication between the upper fluid chamber and the lower fluid chamber, a tuning fluid disposed within the tuning passage, the upper fluid chamber, and the lower fluid chamber. A reservoir in fluid communication with the upper fluid chamber for providing pressurization control of the vibration isolator. An expanded accumulator region for providing Increased pressure retention during maintenance and operation of the vibration isolator.

Abstract: A composite cable and method provides for control of the cable, and particularly its vibration modes, in response to a wide range of resonant and non-resonant energy input. The cable comprises a non-Newtonian fluid (NNF) in a cavity of a flexible tube. The NNF is characterized by viscosity that varies with shear stress. A load applies shear stress to the NNF changing its viscosity to dampen motion of the cable. The cable may comprise inner and outer tubes that are separated by a NNF. The inner tube may be filled with the same or different NNF, a Newtonian fluid or void. A magnetic field magnetic field may be applied to further control the viscosity of the NNF. The magnetic field may be controlled in response to a sensed condition of the cable indicative of shear stress in the NNF to provide either positive or negative feedback.

Abstract: During either of the extension and compression strokes, hydraulic liquid flows from a cylinder upper chamber into a reservoir through an annular passage and a damping force control mechanism, and a damping force is generated by the damping force control mechanism. The check valve is provided with a sub-check valve in parallel thereto, which opens in a very low piston speed region to allow the hydraulic liquid to flow through an orifice passage. These check valves are opened successively as the piston speed increases, thereby generating a sufficiently small damping force in the very low piston speed region during the compression stroke of the piston rod, and obtaining a moderate damping force when the piston speed increases.

Abstract: A hydraulic buffer device includes a first chamber, a second chamber, and a buffering space disposed under the first and second chambers, an air bladder disposed in the buffering space, an oil chamber disposed above the first and second chambers and divided by a piston into upper and lower chamber portions, and an annular passage disposed around the oil chamber. When the piston is moved downwardly within the oil chamber, the hydraulic oil flows from the lower chamber portion into the buffering space via the first chamber to contract the air bladder so that, upon expansion of the air bladder, air pressure in the air bladder pushes the hydraulic oil to flow from the buffering space into the upper chamber portion via the second chamber and the annular passage.

Abstract: A suspension unit 1 comprising a resilient arrangement 37 is provided. The damping arrangement 37 comprises a chamber having a primary volume arranged to contain a primary fluid and jounce and rebound variable volumes 58, 60 arranged to contain jounce and rebound fluids respectively. A piston 38 is slidably disposed in the chamber so as to act on the primary fluid and jounce and rebound moveable members 54, 56 separate the primary fluid from jounce and rebound volumes 58, 60 respectively. A jounce abutment member 55 is provided to limit the movement of the jounce moveable member 54 and a rebound abutment member 57 is provided to limit the movement of the rebound moveable member 56. When in use and the piston 38 is in a static position, the jounce moveable member 54 abuts the jounce abutment member 55 and the rebound moveable member 56 abuts the rebound abutment 57 member over a range of temperatures.

Abstract: A shock absorber, in which external gas is sucked by movement of a piston rod to obtain compressed gas, which is used for inhibiting the “lag” phenomenon. A piston valve is connected to one end of a piston rod received in an inner shell and moved between rebound and compression strokes, an inner space of the inner shell being divided into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber by the piston valve. A reservoir chamber is provided in an outer shell outside of the inner shell to supply oil to the compression chamber in the rebound stroke and to recover oil in the compression stroke. The shock absorber has a high pressure tank with a high pressure chamber installed outside of the outer shell, and a self pumping unit for sucking gas and pumping it into the high pressure chamber using energy generated by movement of the piston rod.

Abstract: A novel hydraulic damper, and a piston head assembly therefore, includes a feature, such as a slot or passage, which permits compressible gases that would otherwise be trapped between the face of a piston head assembly and the hydraulic fluid to instead migrate to a volume within the damper where they will not affect the dampening force produced by the damper. In the illustrated embodiments, the feature can be formed, relatively inexpensively, in the piston head assembly without the remainder of the damper components requiring modification.

Abstract: A shock absorber, in which external gas is sucked by movement of a piston rod to obtain compressed gas, which is used for inhibiting the “lag” phenomenon. A piston valve is connected to one end of a piston rod received in an inner shell and moved between rebound and compression strokes, an inner space of the inner shell being divided into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber by the piston valve. A reservoir chamber is provided in an outer shell outside of the inner shell to supply oil to the compression chamber in the rebound stroke and to recover oil in the compression stroke. The shock absorber has a high pressure tank with a high pressure chamber installed outside of the outer shell, and a self pumping unit for sucking gas and pumping it into the high pressure chamber using energy generated by movement of the piston rod.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder hydraulic shock absorber (D) expands and contracts in accordance with expansion and contraction of a working chamber (R1, R2) provided in a cylinder (1) and having a working fluid sealed therein. An outer periphery of the cylinder (1) is covered by an outer tube (4), and a gas chamber housing (10) projects upward from an upper end of the outer tube (4). A space between the outer tube (4) and the cylinder (1) and an inner side of the gas chamber housing (10) are used as a working fluid reservoir (5). A gas chamber (6) opposing a liquid level (S) of the working fluid is formed inside the gas chamber housing (10). With this constitution, a volume of the gas chamber (6) is secured when the multi-cylinder hydraulic shock absorber (D) is disposed horizontally while suppressing an increase in a diameter of the outer tube (4).

Abstract: A hydraulic damper device for retarding movement of a movable member toward a stationary member, includes a cylinder, an axially shiftable plug disposed in the cylinder to partition a receiving chamber into liquid and air compartments, a piston axially movable in the liquid compartment to divide the same into plug-side and end-side sub-compartments and having a passage, a piston rod secured to the piston and extending along the axis through the axially shiftable plug to permit axial movement of the piston. When the piston proceeds with a final stage of retarding movement, the axially shiftable plug is urged to move by virtue of an increased pressure in the plug-side sub-compartment for generating an increased counteracting force in the air compartment against the increased pressure, thereby further slowing down the retarding movement of the piston.

Abstract: The invention relates to a damping device, particularly earthquake damper, comprising a hollow spherical body filled with a damping fluid (5) and comprising a plurality of damping bodies (10) disposed in the radial direction, the radially interior ends thereof being mounted on a common mounting element disposed in the center of the spherical body, and the radially exterior ends thereof being mounted directly or indirectly on the inner wall of the spherical body.

Abstract: Damper which is, in particular, stiff during the inward stroke thereof and can be used, for example, as a railway damper. The piston which divides the cylinder into two chambers is provided with non-return valves which operate in both directions and are configured as characteristic. A sleeve extends from the bottom of the cylinder which is displaceable in the interior of the piston/piston rod and one end of which is connected to a reservoir and the other end of which may be connected to one of the chambers. In addition, a bottom valve is present in the cylinder. The combination of sleeve/bottom valve is fitted in such a manner that when the piston moves inwards in the cylinder, the liquid volume which has to be displaced is moved by additional rod volume which enters the cylinder via the sleeve in the reservoir. During the outward movement, the liquid is replenished from the reservoir via the bottom valve.

Abstract: An automobile hydraulic shock absorber includes a cylinder body, a piston, an upper support, a piston rod, a volume adjustment mechanism, first and second communicating passages, and a pressure-applying mechanism. The piston rod is attached to the upper support via a rubber cushion. The volume adjustment mechanism includes a free piston. The first and second communicating passages communicate the first oil chamber and second oil chamber with each other in the cylinder body via a diaphragm. The pressure-applying mechanism is disposed outside the cylinder body, movement thereof is restricted by the upper support, and the pressure-applying mechanism pushes the piston rod downward.