Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlled application of aeromechanical and electrodynamic release and separation forces to foreign particulate matter in fiber materials are disclosed. A number of elements are employed in various combinations. One important element is a perforated, pinned cylinder which facilitates foreign particulate matter removal and microdust classification and use of conditioned and controlled airflow for optimum fiber processing and foreign matter removal. Another important element is a counterflow slot. Other important aspects are air blast cleaning of a tenuous mat held onto a preforated cylinder; unidirectional and pulsating airflows to cause repeated engagement of fibers with static cleaning pins and to release additional dust; application of electrostatic release forces to particles bound onto the fiber; and the processing of fiber in properly conditioned inlet air to the machine, as opposed to ambient air.

Abstract: An opening roller assembly for open end spinning machines wherein the roller is releasably and slidably supported on a drive shaft of the open end spinning machine to enable easy removal of the roller for refurbishing, replacement or repair. Non-mechanical means is provided to maintain the roller in an operative position on the drive shaft. Such means may comprise magnetic or fluid pressure means, or gravity. When in its operative position on the shaft, mechanical drive means extending directly or indirectly between the drive shaft and the roller will automatically become engaged. These drive means may be provided by a drive pin or mating engaging surfaces, for example.

Abstract: An arrangement is provided for an opening roller having a plurality of teeth wherein the tooth faces exhibit an oblique curvature in the direction of rotation of the roller resulting in a face angle between 12.degree. and 30.degree. in the region of the tip of the tooth and a face angle of about +5.degree. to -5.degree. in the region of the bottom of the tooth leading to a curved portion which extends to the back of the preceeding tooth. The arrangement provides for improved combing action on the fiber band and results in improved wear characteristics among other beneficial results.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for controlled application of aeromechanical and electrodynamic release and separation forces to foreign particulate matter in fiber materials are disclosed. A number of elements are employed in various combinations. One important element is a perforated, pinned cylinder which facilitates foreign particulate matter removal and microdust classification and use of conditioned and controlled airflow for optimum fiber processing and foreign matter removal. Another important element is a counterflow slot. Other important aspects are air blast cleaning of a tenuous mat held onto a perforated cylinder; unidirectional and pulsating airflows to cause repeated engagement of fibers with static cleaning pins and to release additional dust; application of electrostatic release forces to particles bound onto the fiber; and the processing of fiber in properly conditioned inlet air to the machine, as opposed to ambient air.

Abstract: A combing roller for an open-end spinning machine which utilizes whirling airflow. The roller has on its circumferential surface and in its axial direction dovetail grooves, in which needle plate laminated members which have needle rows in the axial direction of the roller are removably mounted so that each needle row can be mounted and removed simply. The needle plate laminated member is made by connecting together in a row a plurality of needle plates, with a spacer between adjoining ones in some cases, by a connecting member. The needle plate has at its upper part a needle base portion with at least one needle head and at its lower part a needle insertion portion with a dovetail shape to be fitted in a dovetail groove with the roller, having at the substantially central part of its bottom a part in which the connecting member is inserted and fastened.

Abstract: The invention relates to an opening cylinder for open-end spinning machines or the like comprising a cylindrical basic body (1) with helically extending grooves (2) for the accommodation for fittings. To achieve high combing quality with easy replaceability of the fittings and low cost weight-saving design of the basic body, it is provided according to the invention that the grooves (2) for the accommodation of the root (9) of a needle-bar (8) exhibit an undercut and run at an acute angle (.alpha.) to the longitudinal axis (3) of the cylindrical basic body (1).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for straightening fibres in a sliver comprises subjecting the sliver to sliding frictional contact with a foraminous surface through which an airflow passes, the sliding contact having the effect of both straightening the fibres in the sliver to orientate them, and straightening the hooked ends of any fibres in the sliver, and the influence of the airflow serving to remove dust and/or trash from the sliver.

Abstract: Saw toothed metal parts as outfits for comb segment of a porcupine for textile machines such as combing machines in which each metal part has a stilt functioning as the holding component in the comb segment and a plurality of teeth extending outwardly from the stilt, the said teeth being inclined in pointed angle to the radial direction of the comb segment in the direction of rotation of the comb segment, the height of the centers of the teeth increasing in the direction of rotation. The angle of action that is the angle between the front face of a tooth and the radius passing through the tip of the tooth, as well as the distance between the centers of the teeth increase in the direction of rotation of the comb segment.

Abstract: An opening roller and a process for making an opening roller for open-end spinning machines is disclosed where wavy shaped toothed rings and intermediate rings are alternately slid on a preferably cylindrical part. The toothed rings and the intermediate rings are clamped between axial stops. It is provided that during the clamping of the toothed rings and the intermediate rings between the axial stops, the intermediate rings are plastically deformed. Thus it is achieved that without narrow manufacturing tolerances, the toothed rings and the intermediate rings rest against one another without gaps so that fibers cannot be caught during use of the opening roller.

Abstract: An opening roller for an open end spinning machine which may be formed in one or two parts, the opening roller having a central body or hub (1) preferably provided with a central cylindrical aperture (10) therein for mounting on a drive shaft of an open end spinning machine, there being an outer ring (2) having a cylindrical external surface (7), the ring (2) supporting suitable combing elements in the form of spaced pins (14) or card wire and wherein the ring (2) is spaced from and connected to the central body (1) by means of septal walls (3) which may either extend radially or be inclined to respective radial planes passing through them, and wherein the spaces between the septal walls may be filled with a suitable plastics medium (11) which may surround the pin tails (18) if these project from the rear face (19) of the ring (2). The roller may be machined from a one-piece extrusion (FIG. 2) or after suitable machining may be assembled from two parts which may themselves be extruded.

Abstract: A wire-covered doffer for feeding fibers to the needles of a sliver high pile fabric knitting machine, in which the card clothing is of generally rectangular configuration and envelops the doffer roll so that the longitudinally spaced ends of the segment are disposed in tight abutting relationship to each other on the roll. A pair of circumferentially spaced clamps mounted on the doffer roll tightly secure the segment of card clothing to the periphery of the roll, stretching the segment slightly to impart a slight tension thereto. Each clamp supports a row of spaced points for impalement and retention of the segment of card clothing. Each row of points extends transversely relative to the periphery of the doffer roll, and penetrates the segment of card clothing at a location spaced a short distance inwardly from one of the two abutting ends of the segment. Threaded connectors affix the clamps to the doffer roll.

Abstract: A cigarette making machine or feed apparatus for fibrous material other than tobacco includes a pinned conveyor (20) arranged to feed material from a supply and past refusing means (22) whereby the feed conveyor will carry a metered stream of the material, characterized in that the feed conveyor has relatively high pins (36) which are substantially evenly distributed among relatively low pins (38) or lie in obliquely extending rows (34, 40, 42, 44) between rows of relatively low pins.

Abstract: A carding engine having a rotatable hollow carding cylinder (5). The inner surface of the cylinder is formed with a fluid-conveying pathway (18 to 21) in a pattern such that fluid circulated through the pathway will maintain the surface temperature of the cylinder substantially uniform. Means are provided for circulating fluid through the pathway in such a way that during operation the pathway is maintained full of fluid.

Abstract: An insert (3) is arranged in the interior space (10) of a housing (1) of an opening device for an open-end spinning apparatus. The insert (3) is of pot-like construction with a recess (35) provided in the base (34). The recess (35) exposes a bearing bore (18) through which a drive shaft extends for supporting the opening roller. A fixing device (41, 42) is likewise associated with the insert (3) securing its relative position to the housing. A guide element (5) introducible into the insert (3) is provided to guide the insert (3) during introduction into the housing (1) or during its removal. This has a contour corresponding to the interior space (10) of the housing (1) and one or more positioning lugs (50) on its end face opposite the base (34), corresponding to the number of the positioning cavities provided in the insert (3).

Abstract: The device for separating individual fibers of a fiber sliver comprises sliver feed rollers, sliver opening means comprising a press roller and a separating roller adapted to carry a stack of thin disks provided with combing elements which consist of teeth or wire points for separating the fibers and with drafting elements for parallelizing the fibers, and a duct for the delivery of freed fibers. The separator can be employed for spinning slivers containing either long or short fibers or a mixture of both.

Abstract: The invention relates to opening rollers for open-end spinning apparatus, particularly roller which comprise a body on which is wound a helical coil of metallic wire type card-clothing.The roller body comprises two body parts secured together in end-to-end relationship, and the metallic wire type card-clothing is formed into a pre-set helical coil which is located on an external cylindrical surface of the body, the end flanks of the coil engaging respectively with two abutments one on each of the two parts of the roller body, so that the coil is constrained axially between the abutments in a manner such that adjacent convolutions of the coil are held in abutting relationship.It is preferred to use interlocking card-clothing wire. It is also preferred to make the roller body parts in plastics material, and to secure them together by an adhesive, and in this manner a disposable roller is produced.The specification describes methods of refurbishing existing opening rollers, in accordance with the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus for drafting and parallelizing strands of fiber comprising three side-by-side rolls nested in three side-by-side troughs which conform to and are adjacent the bottoms of the three rolls. The rolls are rotated in the same direction at sequentially greater speeds. The first two rolls include fiber-combing teeth, and the third roll is composed of a smooth, rubber-like surface. The fibers pass sequentially around the bottoms of the three rolls through a very narrow gap between the rolls and troughs to emerge in a parallelized, drafted condition. The unit may be incorporated into a no-twist yarn system as the sole mechanism for drafting and parallelizing the fiber, to form no-twist yarn in a continuous manner; or be used in place of conventional drafting system.

Abstract: The invention relates to opening rollers for open-end spinning apparatus, particularly of the type in which there is a roller body on which is wound a helical coil of metallic wire type card-clothing.The card-clothing coil is located between a pair of abutments, each of which has an annular inner end face in the shape of a helix with an acclivity or step between its maximum and minimum axial displacements, this annular face being complementary in shape to the adjacent end of the card-clothing coil, so that when the ends of the coil are engaged with their respective abutments, there are no recesses between the roller body and the ends of the coil in which lint can lodge.The abutments can be formed by separate distance pieces, or by forming integrally with the roller body, or by moulding after the card-clothing coil has been applied to the roller body.It is preferred to use interlocking type card-clothing wire.

Abstract: An opening or beater roller for open-end spinning machines, in which a cylindrical roller has a sawtooth wire wound helically onto its outer surface. The arrangement is such that a base region is widened in relation to the teeth. Base regions of adjacent turns of sawtooth wire are separated by a gap from one another, and the ratio of the height to the width of the base region is less than one.

Abstract: In an improved combing roller provided with a metallic wire mounted on a body thereof comprising a main cylindrical body and a pair of flanges coaxially formed at both ends of the main cylindrical body, a base portion of the metallic wire rigidly pressed into a right hand or a left hand helical groove formed in the main body and the working direction of the metallic wire coincide with the rotational direction of the combing roller, at a terminal portion of the metallic wire facing one of the flanges on a side of the combing roller corresponding to the direction of progress of an imaginary right hand screw imaginarily engaged with the above-mentioned right hand helical groove or an imaginary left hand screw imaginary engaged with the above-mentioned left hand helical groove when the imaginary screws are turned in the direction corresponding to the rotational direction of the combing roller, at least one tooth is inclined toward the above-mentioned flange.

Abstract: Break-up roller with card clothing for an open-end spinning frame including a base member, and an inherently stable, exchangeable ring carrying the card clothing and lockingly connected to the base member.

Abstract: The invention relates to opening rollers for open-end spinning wherein the opening roller has a support part for attachment to the driving spindle and an adapter having the fiber engaging teeth of the roller. According to one aspect of the invention, the support part and adapter have a releasable connection which both establishes driving attachment of the adapter to the support part and secures the adapter on the support part without the intervention of a third element. The invention also includes an arrangement in which a screw screwed axially into the support part has a head received in a recess formed partly in the support part and partly in the adapter whereby the screw both establishes a driving connection between the two parts and secures the adapter to the support part.

Abstract: In an improved combing roller provided with a metallic wire mounted on a body thereof comprising a main cylindrical body and a pair of flanges coaxially formed at both ends of the main cylindrical body, a base portion of the metallic wire rigidly pressed into a right hand or a left hand helical groove formed in the main body and the working direction of the metallic wire coincide with the rotational direction of the combing roller, if one of flanges on a side of the combing roller corresponding to the direction of progress of an imaginary right hand screw imaginarily engaged with the above-mentioned right hand helical groove or an imaginary left hand screw imaginarily engaged with the above-mentioned left hand helical groove when the imaginary screws are turned in the direction corresponding to the rotational direction of the combing roller, is defined as a first flange, while the other flange is defined as a second flange, the axial size of the free cylindrical space formed at the side of the first flange is

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fiber feeding roller for an open-end spinning apparatus, wherein a plurality of projections with flat surface are formed in rows extending in axial direction of the body of said fiber feeding roller on the outer circumferential surface thereof and, simultaneously, a plurality of projections with knurled surface are arranged between the aforesaid projections with flat surface, whereby preventing harmful sliver slippage on said feeding roller and also providing a uniform nip for the sliver irrespective of the size thereof so that said fiber feeding roller may be applicable to a wider range of count numbers of spinning yarns and the quality of such spinned yarns may be improved as well.

Abstract: The invention relates to the method of making a beater roll comprising a body and a saw tooth wire helically fitted to the surface of the body wherein the helical convolutions are in spaced relation and wherein a sealant is employed to seal repetitive gaps or spaces between the base of the wire and the smooth cylindrical surface of the beater roll, such repetitive spaces or gaps being caused by placing the set necessary to accommodate wire clothing to the cylindrical surface of a roll as used in open end spinning.

Abstract: A fiber sliver opening roll of an open-end spinning device is equipped with needles, wherein the needle shaft of each needle is mounted in a bore. The surface of the opening roll is provided with outer, wide recesses which clear or leave free the needles at all sides. Below the bases of the recesses there are located the aforementioned bores which are smaller than the recesses. Between each needle and the side wall of the related recess there is left free a clearance or space. The depth of each recess is greater than the distance at the recess base between the outer surface of the needle and the inner wall of the recess, and which depth amounts to from 1 to 10 times the aforementioned distance. Owing to the provision of each such recess the related needle extends free on all sides between the roll surface and the bore in such a manner that there are prevented fiber jamming and fiber accumulations on the needles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a beater roll comprising a body and a saw tooth wire helically fitted to the surface of the body wherein the helical convolutions are in spaced relation and wherein a sealant is employed to seal repetitive gaps or spaces between the base of the wire and the smooth cylindrical surface of the beater roll, such repetitive spaces or gaps being caused by placing the set necessary to accommodate wire clothing to the cylindrical surface of a roll as used in open end spinning.

Abstract: A fibre opening apparatus for an open-end spinning machine includes a housing provided with a recess in which is mounted for rotation a fibre opening roller. The peripheral surface of the opening roller co-operates with a fibre locating surface defined by the recess to form a fibre-conveying passage. The tips of each of a plurality of needles protruding from the peripheral surface terminates in an imaginary cylindrical surface and at equal distances from the fibre locating surface. The generatrix of the peripheral surface is concave.Preferably, the opening roller has lateral side flanges and the generatrix is formed by an arc extending between the inner surfaces of the flanges and derived from a common radius. The chord of the arc may be co-incident with the generatrix of the imaginary cylindrical surface.The generatrix of the peripheral surface may be formed by an arcuate central region which is joined to the inner surfaces by arcuate side regions.

Abstract: An opening roller for an open-end spinning machine carries an array of pins on its external surface. The pins are arranged in repeating patterns, each pattern comprising from 7 to 12 axially extending rows of equally-spaced pins, the relative dispositions of the pins in adjacent rows being such that the pins lie on lines parallel to a helix which passes through points in the first lines of two adjacent patterns, which points are axially off-set by three times the axial spacing of the pins in 7- or 8-row patterns, four times the axial spacing of the pins in 9- or 10-row patterns or five times the axial spacing of the pins in 11- or 12-row patterns. This arrangement reduces the risk of entanglement of fibres combed by one pin with fibres combed by an adjacent pin in the next row and reduces the tendency of the pins to direct fibres axially along the roller. An open-end spinning machine incorporating the roller is also disclosed.

Abstract: An opening roller for opening fibres fed to an open-end spinning machine has a cylindrical shell outwardly from which protrude a plurality of fibre-engaging teeth, each of which has a coating of wear-resistant ceramics or metallic material applied thereto. The teeth are formed as pointed ends of a plurality of pins passing through the cylindrical shell and the coating applied so as to cover the whole surface of each of the pins.The opening roller is provided with a flange extending from each end of the cylindrical shell and the wear-resistant coating may be applied to each of the protruding tooth portions, the outer surface of the cylindrical shell and the inner surface of the flanges.

Abstract: A roller train in a carding machine comprises first, second and third card-clothed rollers, the second roller having two sets of teeth pointing in opposite directions, and the relative surface speeds of the rollers being such that one set of teeth on the second roller has point-to-point action with the teeth in the first roller and the other set of teeth on the second roller has point-to-point action with the teeth on the third roller.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an open-end spinning machine for the open-end spinning of textile fibres, in which there are provided a spinning element, a fibre opening roller, means for feeding fibres in the form of a sliver to said opening roller, and fibre conveying means for conveying in discrete form to said spinning element fibres opened by said opening roller. The opening roller comprises a boss portion, an end wall portion extending radially outwardly from said boss portion at one end thereof, and a cylindrical shell portion extending from said wall portion over and in coaxial relation to said boss portion to form an annular cavity between the outer surface of said boss portion, the inner surface of said wall portion and the inner surface of said shell portion.

Abstract: A discardable comber roll is characterized by a plastic core which supports, in a spiral groove, a card clothing wire having a wear-resistant coating thereon. The comber roll core is molded, the card clothing wire is installed thereon and the roll is thereafter post cured and balanced by removal of material from the side face or faces of the plastic core.

Abstract: A beater roll for open end spinning is illustrated wherein a coil of metallic wire card clothing has a predetermined set applied therein prior to installation such that the coil assumes an inside diameter less than an outside diameter of a molded plastic drum on which it is installed, the coil being wound in successive contiguous convolutions so that the beater roll is durable, disposable and has a minimized tendency to load with fibers.