Abstract: A system for monitoring conveyor belts is disclosed. The system includes a printed inductive antenna loop, a transmitter, a detector, and circuitry. The antenna is printed on and/or installed (inserted) into a conveyor belt. The transmitter is proximate the printed antenna and is configured to generate an electromagnetic field. The detector is configured to measure an induced electric field from the printed inductive antenna loop. The circuitry is configured to detect damage of the conveyor belt based on the measured induced electromagnetic field.

Abstract: A system for detecting a rip in a conveyor belt carrying a material, the system including: a sensor arrangement configured to provide a light curtain under at least a portion the conveyor belt to detect material passing through the rip thereby detecting the rip. A related method is also disclosed.

Abstract: An embedded body including, at one end portion of a coaxial cable, one side antenna unit and an IC tag that is passive and connected to the one side antenna unit, and another side antenna unit at the other end portion of the coaxial cable is embedded in a conveyor belt. The one side antenna unit and the IC tag, and the other side antenna unit disposed with an interval in a width direction and the coaxial cable is embedded extending in the width direction. A calculation unit determines whether a detector has received a radio wave emitted from the IC tag through the coaxial cable and the other side antenna unit in response to a radio wave emitted from the detector, and then whether a vertical tear has been generated in the conveyor belt based on the determination result.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring the elongation, or stretch, of a modular plastic conveyor belt. The belt-stretch measuring system measures stretch as the ratio less one of an actual belt travel distance or actual belt speed to an expected belt travel distance or expected belt speed for a new, unstretched belt. The actual belt travel distances or actual belt speeds are measured by sensors. The expected belt travel distances or expected belt speeds are calculated from the pulse outputs of encoders measuring the rotation of sprockets engaging the conveyor belt and from the known number of teeth on the sprockets. Actual belt pitch and catenary sag are also calculated.

Abstract: A system for monitoring conveyor belts is disclosed. The system includes a generator array, a sensor array and circuitry. The generator array is configured to apply a magnetic field to a plurality of belt subsegments of a segment of a conveyor belt. The sensor array is configured to measure a plurality of magnetic responses for the plurality of belt subsegments. The circuitry is configured to determine whether at least a portion of the segment requires replacement based on the measured plurality of magnetic responses.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a drive belt is disclosed. A drive pulley driving by a drive motor and having a drive belt is provided. First and second markings are provided on the belt. The markings are detected. A correlation is determined and a signal is generated if a reference value is exceeded.

Abstract: A system comprising a power source, a RASPBERRY PI Hardware Attached on Top (RPI HAT) with an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS), and a RASPBERRY PI (RPI) is provided. The power source provides power to the RPI via the RPI HAT. The RPI HAT comprises a super-capacitor (SC) back-up system comprising an SC power bank and compatibility circuitry configured to charge the SC power bank to a sufficient level such that the SC power bank is usable as a back-up power supply in response to the loss of power from the power source. The SC back-up system is electrically coupled to the power source such that the power source is capable of charging the SC power bank and the SC power bank discharges and provides power to the RPI in response to a loss of power from the power source to the RPI.

Abstract: There is described a hoisting system and method of lifting that make use of a particular fibre rope. The fibre rope includes a plurality of magnets that are embedded within the fibre rope and spaced apart along the rope with a known axial distance between the magnets. The system may include a fibre rope hoisting speed sensor, and a magnetic field sensor that can sense the presence of the magnetic field of the embedded magnets. Using the sensors, the hoisting speed of the rope may be determined by: measuring the time between the passing of consecutive magnets by using the magnetic field sensor; calculating the distance between consecutive magnets using the hoisting speed sensor and the measured time between the passing of the consecutive magnets; and comparing the calculated distance between the magnets with an original, predefined distance between the magnets.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product are provided for monitoring a transverse position of a conveyor belt or its material load. A processor receives a digital video or digital images capturing movement of the conveyor belt and the material load. The processor segments the images or frames into a group of contiguous pixels representative of the conveyor belt, and the material load, such as by moving object detection, using background segmentation and threshold processing, pixel intensity-based segmentation or image texture-based segmentation. The processor determines a pixel coordinate of the group of contiguous pixels, which is indicative of the transverse position of the conveyor belt or the material load. The processor generates an alarm or report or a data signal, which depends, directly or indirectly, on the determined pixel coordinates.

Abstract: Provided are an abnormality detection system, an abnormality detection device, an abnormality detection method, a computer program, and a chain that enable detecting of an abnormality not only in a chain but also in equipment using the chain while distinguishing the location at which the abnormality occurs. The abnormality detecting system comprises a sensor unit comprising a sensor, to be fixed to a chain that is to be attached to equipment, and transmitting an output from the sensor, a detection section which detects an abnormality of the chain or the equipment based on the output, and a determining section which determines a location of the abnormality in the equipment, based on a position of a part fixed with the sensor unit in the equipment, the position changes in each time point with moving of the chain.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a paper sheet processing apparatus includes a conveyance device with a conveyor belt, and an inspection device configured to inspect a paper sheet conveyed by the conveyor belt. The inspection device includes an image detection device configured to capture an image of the paper sheet and the conveyor belt and obtain an image of the paper sheet and the conveyor belt, an image processing device configured to detect a degradation level of the conveyor belt based on an belt image of the conveyor belt, and a controller configured to transmit information encouraging replacement of the conveyor belt to a monitor.

Abstract: A movable belt breakage prevention and catching system for a belt conveyor includes a detection device, two tracks, a plurality of catching devices, and a control system. The detection device is mounted on the belt conveyor, and is configured to detect whether a belt of the belt conveyor has a crack. The two tracks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the belt conveyor, and the plurality of catching devices are symmetrically arranged on the two tracks. The control system is configured to control the plurality of catching devices to simultaneously catch the belt firmly when the detection device detects that the belt has a crack; and after firmly catching the belt, each catching device is able to unidirectionally move along with the belt along the track where the catching device is positioned.

Abstract: A fixing device comprises a heating belt and a magnetic permeability detection device. The heating belt includes an endless belt having a metal layer and a heat source. The magnetic permeability detection device is located adjacent the heating belt to detect a magnetic permeability from the metal layer of the heating belt.

Abstract: A wear detection device for a conveyor belt (1) includes magnet members (12a and 12b) buried in a conveyor belt (11) having an endless belt shape, a magnetic sensor (13j) which is arranged opposite to an outer circumferential surface of the conveyor belt (11) and is configured to detect magnetic fields from the magnet members (12a and 12b) to generate an output signal, and a calculation unit (141) which is configured to calculate the thickness of the conveyor belt (11) according to the output signal generated by the magnetic sensor (13j). The wear detection device for a conveyor belt (1) further includes a storage unit (142) which is configured to store the thickness calculated by the calculation unit (141), and a processing unit (143) which is configured to calculate the decrease amount of the thickness per a predetermined moving load amount of the conveyor belt (11) according to the thickness stored in the storage unit (142) and determine whether or not this value exceeds a threshold value set in advance.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining belt speed and pitch using correlation techniques. The apparatus includes a pair of rangefinders separated by a predetermined distance. The rangefinders each measure the distance to the belt at two positions separated from each other in the direction of belt travel. The apparatus creates at least one time-series profile record corresponding to the profile of a belt. The time delays between occurrences of a regularly spaced topographical feature in the belt's profile are used by a processor to compute belt pitch and speed. Correlation techniques are used for robust results.

Abstract: A conveyor belt management system is capable of determining a suitable replacement period of the conveyor belt. Data of an amount of wear of an upper cover rubber of the conveyor belt installed at a use site is input into a server via an input unit. A calculation unit is configured to calculate a remaining service life of the conveyor belt based on the input data and, stored in a storage unit, a belt specification database and a tolerance range database in which a tolerance range is input in advance for the amount of wear per belt specification; and calculate an expected service life of the conveyor belt before use of the conveyor belt based on a correlation between a use condition and belt specifications of the conveyor belt used up until present, the use condition of the conveyor belt, and the specifications of the conveyor belt.

Abstract: Provided are a conveyor belt further enhancing the durability of loop coils embedded in the conveyor belt so as to detect vertical tears in the conveyor belt; and a belt conveyor system using the conveyor belt. A conveyor belt includes a core layer having a plurality of metal cords extending in the belt longitudinal direction arranged in parallel in the belt width direction; an upper cover rubber and a lower cover rubber disposed so as to interpose a core layer from above and below; a plurality of loop coils embedded at intervals in the belt longitudinal direction in the lower cover rubber; and protective layers being disposed between the core layer above and each of the loop coils below and embedded in the lower cover rubber at intervals in the belt longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A belt monitoring system for an agricultural belt arrangement, the monitoring system including an agricultural belt having a magnetic element embedded therein and a sensor. The agricultural belt arrangement defines a proper belt alignment for the belt and moves the belt. The magnetic element is polarized so as to output a magnetic signal. The sensor is configured to detect, at a reference position, the magnetic signal outputted by the magnetic element. The monitoring system further includes a circuit configured to output a signal if, for example, the agricultural belt moves more than a predetermined amount through the agricultural belt arrangement without the sensor arrangement detecting the magnetic signal outputted by the magnetic element, a predetermined amount of time passes without the sensor detecting the magnetic signal, and the circuit determines the position of the magnetic element to be outside of a permissible positional range.

Abstract: Provided is a conveyor belt specification determination method. Severity of a use condition of a conveyor belt is categorized into categories. A database in which a permissible range of prescribed characteristics of an upper cover rubber, including wear resistance and cut resistance, for each of the categories is set is created; a degree of influence of representative rubber physical properties, which affect the prescribed characteristics, of the upper cover rubber on the prescribed characteristics is ascertained; a category is identified from the use conditions of the conveyor belt on the basis of the database; an appropriate range of the representative rubber physical property is identified for which the prescribed characteristics are in the permissible range in the identified category; and a rubber type for which the rubber physical properties are in this appropriate range is selected as the upper cover rubber.

Abstract: To reduce power consumption of a sequential comparison analog-to-digital converter. An analog-to-digital converter includes a sequential conversion unit, a determination unit, and a stop control unit. The sequential conversion unit sequentially generates a predetermined number of bits of a value corresponding to an analog signal when the analog signal is input. The determination unit determines whether a value of a digital signal including the predetermined number of bits is within a predetermined range whenever the bits are generated. The stop control unit stops the sequential conversion unit in a case in which the value of the digital signal is not within the predetermined range.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for a network node configured to transmit wireless communication signals using beam forming and configured to apply any of one or more data carrying beam widths for transmission of data carrying signals dedicated to a specific wireless communication device. The method comprises determining one or more requirement parameters for transmission of synchronization signals, wherein the one or more requirement parameters comprise a desired synchronization signal beam width and a minimum effective power, and wherein the determined desired synchronization signal beam width is larger than a minimum one of the data carrying beam widths.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments, a multifunction belt is disclosed. The multifunction belt includes a plurality of cables. The plurality of cables includes at least one tension supporting cable configured to resist tension and a first signal conducting cable configured to conduct electricity. The multifunction belt also includes a coating applied to the plurality of cables.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for detecting a belt tear in a conveyor belt, comprising a trigger (1) which is arranged below the conveyor belt (2) transversely to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt and which is connected to a load limit switch (3). The arrangement also comprises a signalling device (4) for indicating and/or signalling a belt tear to a control unit (5). The invention is characterized in that a chain (6) which is suspended below the conveyor belt (2) is used as the trigger (1), said chain transmitting forces produced in the event of a belt tear to the load limit switch (3). In an advantageous embodiment, the load limit switch (3) has an inductive proximity switch (7), and in an additional advantageous embodiment, the load limit switch is connected to a control unit (5) via an actuator sensor interface (8) as a bus participant.

Abstract: A board conveyance device and conveyance belt inspection method that enable easy detection of a problem with conveyance belts. The board conveyance device includes: endless conveyance belts on which is set a conveyance path for conveying a board; a board sensor configured to detect the presence of the board at a specified detection position on the conveyance path; and a control section configured to, in a case in which the board is not being conveyed on the conveyance path, move the conveyance belts and determine a problem with the conveyance belts based on a detection result of the board sensor.

Abstract: A conveyor belt includes a main body rubber which extends in a belt longitudinal direction and a loop coil which is embedded in the main body rubber and has an annular shape in a plan view when viewed in belt thickness direction, in which the loop coil includes wire portions which are disposed in a direction which extend in the plan view and in which end portions are joined by a joining portion. A pair of longitudinal portions extend in the belt longitudinal direction. A pair of width portions, which extend in a belt width direction, and a plurality of joining portions are disposed in the direction which extend in the plan view, and the number of the joining portions disposed in the longitudinal portion of the loop coil is greater than the number of the joining portions disposed in the width portion of the loop coil.

Abstract: A system is for monitoring a conveyor belt configured to be used as an at least partially enclosed belt conveyor and defining a longitudinal direction. An antenna is embedded in the conveyor belt and extends in the longitudinal direction. The system includes a transmitter for inducing an electrical field in the antenna and a detector for detecting the electrical field induced in the antenna. The transmitter and the detector are arranged in a spaced relationship with respect to the longitudinal direction so as to reduce cross talk between the transmitter and the detector. The conveyor belt is configured to move in the longitudinal direction and convey the antenna past the detector and the transmitter. The spaced relationship and the length of the antenna are mutually configured such that the antenna couples the transmitter to the detector longitudinally as the antenna moves past the detector and the transmitter.

Abstract: A structural health monitoring system is provided. The system includes a drive system having a first drive member a second drive member 38 operationally connected to the first drive member, and a tension member 39 operationally connecting the first drive member to the second drive member. At least one sensor 50 is configured to monitor a characteristic of at least one of the first drive member and the second drive member. A processor 54, in communication with the at least one sensor, is configured to determine if the structural health of the tension member is compromised based on the monitored characteristic. The processor is further configured to perform a safety response action when the structural health of the tension member is determined to be compromised.

Abstract: A system for detecting a defect in a steel wire embedded in a handrail of a passenger conveyor includes a non-contact inspection device embedded in the handrail for inspecting a condition of the steel wire and transmitting a signal regarding the condition of the steel wire, a non-contact power supply device arranged in proximity to the handrail for supplying power wirelessly to the non-contact inspection device from the outside of the handrail, and a controller arranged outside of the handrail for receiving the signal regarding the condition wirelessly and determining whether there is a defect in the steel wire.

Abstract: A method of tensioning a conveyor element of a conveyor. The method includes generating, with a proximity sensor, an output signal indicative of the conveyor element being under-tensioned, receiving the output signal from the proximity sensor, and activating a solenoid-controlled valve to an open state in response to receiving the output signal from the proximity sensor. The method also includes driving, with a pump, a piston of a cylinder while the solenoid-controlled valve is in the open state, pushing, with the cylinder, a take-up bar including a second portion of a ratcheting mechanism to engage with a first portion of the ratcheting mechanism of a locking plate, and imparting, via the locking plate, a locking force on the take-up bar. The method further includes overcoming the locking force and moving the shaft of the conveyor away from a centerline of the conveyor with the take-up bar when the locking force is overcome.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for implementing situational control processes is provided. The method includes transmitting a signal to a target device and determining whether a response signal has been received from the target device. The response signal indicates one of a presence status of the target device and an event condition. The method also includes performing a first action if no response signal is received. The first action includes generating an alert and/or determining a presence of an alternative target device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for detecting defects in conveyor belt splices having magnetically permeable metal cords embedded therein as the conveyor belt advances through a conveyor system, said conveyor belt having at least one splice, wherein a first set of magnetically permeable metal cords coming from a first side of the splice extend into a second side of the splice and have ends which are embedded in the second side of the splice, wherein a second set of magnetically permeable metal cords coming from the second side of the splice extend into the first side of the splice and have ends which are embedded in the first side of the splice.

Abstract: Controlling a distance between a first sprocket and a second sprocket in a conveyor. The control includes receiving a first signal from a first sensor related to an angular position of the first sprocket, determining a value for an angular position of the first sprocket based on the first signal, receiving a second signal from a second sensor related to an angular position of the second sprocket, determining a value for an angular position of the second sprocket based on the second signal, determining a relative difference in phase between the angular position of the first sprocket and the angular position of the second sprocket, and determining an amount of excess chain in the conveyor based on the relative difference in phase between the angular position of the first sprocket and the angular position of the second sprocket.

Abstract: In examples, methods and systems for sensing tension in a timing belt are provided. In one example, a transmission device is provided that comprises a timing belt transmission configured to cause rotation of an output hub, and the timing belt transmission includes a timing belt with markings. The transmission device also includes a detector for detecting the markings on the timing belt as the timing belt is placed under a tension due to a load at the output hub, and a distance between the markings on the timing belt changes as the timing belt is placed under the tension. The transmission device also includes one or more processors for determining output torque of the timing belt transmission based on the distance between the markings on the timing belt or based on a time between detected markings.

Abstract: A conveyor system for identifying an object (16) on which an identification tag (26) is affixed, comprising a conveyor frame (12) for supporting between its two opposite sides (12A, 12B) a plurality of transverse conveyor rollers (14) each having a roller shaft (14A) and an RFID interrogator exciting a radiant antenna for reading information from the identification tag, the radiant antenna being a first magnetic loop (22) formed by the conveyor frame and two adjacent roller shafts and excited by an excitation circuit (18) connected to, but distinct from, said RFID interrogator.

Abstract: A conveyor belt comprising (1) an elastomeric body having a load carrying surface and a parallel pulley engaging surface; (2) a reinforcement ply disposed within the elastomeric body; (3) a rip detection sensor in the form of a microcoil sensor wire which is configured in an endless loop, wherein the microcoil sensor wire is comprised of an elastomeric core having an electrically conductive wire spirally wrapped around the elastomeric core.

Abstract: As a tubular conveyor belt advances through a conveyor system longitudinal rips can be detected and the orientation of the belt can be monitored, wherein the tubular conveyor belt has a width, a length, a longitudinal centerline, a first longitudinal edge, an opposing second longitudinal edge, and a load bearing region, wherein during use the first longitudinal edge and the second longitudinal edge overlap to form an overlap region forming the belt into a tube-like shape, wherein the load bearing region is located evenly about the belt longitudinal centerline throughout the length of the belt; this method comprising monitoring the position of the centerline by detecting the position of a plurality of equally spaced magnetically permeable elements embedded therein, wherein the magnetically permeable elements are situated across the width of the load bearing region of the tubular conveyor belt.

Abstract: An apparatus (2) with a chain (1) that is arranged endlessly circulateable in the apparatus (2) includes a measuring apparatus (3) for measuring the stretching or elongation of the chain (1), with a first signal pick-up (4) and with a second signal pick-up (5), which are arranged at a spacing distance (D) relative to one another, which extends in the running direction over several chain links (6) of the chain (1). A first element for signal generation (7) is arranged on a first chain link (6.1) in such a manner so that with a circulating chain (1) a signal is produced upon running past the first signal pick-up (4). Several further elements for signal generation (8) are arranged on a second chain link (6.2) in such a manner so that with a circulating chain (1) a further signal is generated with each one of these further elements (8) upon running past the second signal pick-up (5).

Abstract: A system for monitoring a conveyor belt having magnetically permeable cords, has an AC magnetic field generator for generating an alternating magnetic field to magnetize the cords, in use; a magnetic field sensing unit for sensing the alternating magnetic field provided, in use, by the cords and for providing signals representative of the alternating magnetic field; arid a processor for processing the signals to monitor continuous parts of the cords. The system further has a DC magnetic field generator for erasing an AC field previously generated by the AC magnetic field generator, the AC magnetic field generator being positioned between the DC magnetic field generator and the magnetic field sensing unit. The processor also determines the speed of travel of the belt, and the position in space of a lateral edge of the belt.

Abstract: A conveyor belt has a carrying side cover plate and a running side cover plate each of a polymer material having elastic properties. The conveyor belt defines a conveyor belt longitudinal direction (X) and has an embedded reinforcement and at least one of the cover plates is provided with a hybrid conductor loop. The hybrid conductor loop communicates in a contactless manner with an interrogation station in the form of a transmitter/receiver pair. The hybrid conductor loop has a flattened conductor cross section and runs in the conveyor belt obliquely at an angle (?) relative to the conveyor belt transverse direction (Y) to form a diagonal direction (Z). The transverse direction (Y) is at right angles to the longitudinal direction (X). The arrangement of the transmitter/receiver pair is adapted to the diagonal direction (Z) to so increase the mutual spacing of the transmitter and the receiver.

Abstract: A rubber magnet (3) includes a plate-like diagonal portion (21) and a plate-like parallel portion (22) which are both magnetized in a thickness direction, the diagonal portion (21) extending in a conveyor belt width direction while linearly extending, in section in a conveyor belt length direction, from an outer side end (3b), which is closer to the front-side surface (2a), to an inner side end (3a), which is away from the front-side surface (2a), while being at an angle to the front-side surface (2a), the parallel portion (22) being formed continuously from the inner side end (3a) of the diagonal portion, so as to be arranged parallel to the front-side surface (2a).

Abstract: An arrangement continuously and non-destructively monitors a conveyor system having a continuous conveyor belt with a carrying-side cover plate and a running-side cover plate, each made of a polymeric material with elastic properties. The arrangement further includes drums wherein the above-mentioned components form, in conjunction with the conveyor belt, a material-conveying top strand (A) and a material-conveying or material-free bottom strand (B). A conductor loop packet with continuous conductor loops is embedded in the conveyor belt. An electronic slit protection system contactlessly detects damage to the conveyor belt. The slit protection system is an electrical system including an interrogation station and a slit monitoring station and is connected to a central controller which controls the entire conveyor system. The arrangement is equipped, as part of a conductor loop packet, with sequential conductor loops and a sequential slit protection system.

Abstract: A conveyor belt apparatus (10) is provided with a wear measuring device (12) that measures an amount of wear of a surface (11a) of a conveyor belt (11) on which transport material has been loaded, and with a revolution counting device (14) that counts a number of revolutions of the conveyor belt (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a functional area of an electronic textile (100;200). The electronic textile comprises a textile substrate having a first plurality of conductors (108a-b;202a-d), a second plurality of conductors (104a-c;204a-d), and a plurality of capacitors (112;212a-p), each capacitor comprising a conductor from the first plurality of conductors (108a-b;202a-d) and a conductor from the second plurality of conductors (104a-c;204a-d), separated by a dielectric (103a), the capacitors (112;212a-p) being distributed across substantially an entire surface of the electronic textile, wherein each capacitor (112;212a-p) has a capacitance of at least 10 pF.

Abstract: At least one single link of a conveyor chain is configured to support a tension load cell. A main body portion of the link includes a central cavity sized to contain the load cell, which has been inserted therein through an opening of the main body portion, and at least one auxiliary cavity to contain at least one battery cell and circuitry. A cap portion of the link closes off the opening into the cavity to enclose the load cell therein. One or both of the main body and cap portions may include a bore to receive a fastener for attaching to an end of the inserted load cell, and both portions include a bore oriented to receive a pin of a mating dual link of the conveyor chain. The cap portion may also include anti-rotation surfaces to mate with one or both of: the load cell and the opening.

Abstract: An arrangement continuously and non-destructively monitors a conveyor system having a continuous conveyor belt with a carrying-side cover plate and a running-side cover plate, each made of a polymeric material with elastic properties. The arrangement further includes drums wherein the above-mentioned components form, in conjunction with the conveyor belt, a material-conveying top strand (A) and a material-conveying or material-free bottom strand (B). A conductor loop packet with continuous conductor loops is embedded in the conveyor belt. An electronic slit protection system contactlessly detects damage to the conveyor belt. The slit protection system is an electrical system including an interrogation station and a slit monitoring station and is connected to a central controller which controls the entire conveyor system. The arrangement is equipped, as part of a conductor loop packet, with sequential conductor loops and a sequential slit protection system.

Abstract: A chain tensioning sprocket is moveable with a predetermined force into a U-shaped path of a chain to apply continuous tensioning force to the chain. The change in length of the chain is measured by detecting the movement of the chain tensioning sprocket into the U-shaped path of the chain, and measurement of movement of the chain tensioning sprocket indicates a change in the length of the whole chain, which, in turn, indicates the wear on the parts of the chain and the expected operative life of the chain.

Abstract: A conveying system includes a conveyor belt having a carrying-side cover plate for accommodating goods to be conveyed and a running-side cover plate free of goods. Each of the cover plates is made of polymer material having elastic characteristics. A drum engages the conveyor belt at one of the side cover plates whereat a spark can develop during operation of the conveying system. A device detects the spark and corresponds with an evaluation unit. The evaluation unit is configured to transmit a signal to a fire-extinguishing unit upon detection of the spark.

Abstract: A control portion obtains a first difference in a movement amount between paper passing period and paper non-passage period of a transfer belt, and determines whether or not a first absolute value thereof is a first threshold value or more. In a case where the first absolute value is the first threshold value or more, a transfer belt unit positional adjustment motor is driven to adjust a first angle with respect to a first direction of a transfer belt unit with respect to a photoreceptor drum. In a case where the first absolute value is less than the first threshold value, a second absolute value of a second difference between a movement amount and a designed value set in advance of the transfer belt is obtained, and whether or not the second absolute value is a second threshold value or more is determined.

Abstract: A belt monitoring system which can accurately monitor the condition of a conveyor belt by correcting it for the effect of belt deviation. Wear detecting magnets (11), which are rubber magnets spanning the entire belt width, are embedded at intervals along the circumferential direction of the conveyor belt (2). Also, position determining magnets (12, 12z) are embedded in positions a predetermined distance apart from the wear detecting magnets (11). In addition, a plurality of magnetic field detecting means (13: 13A-13G) for detecting the magnetic fields from the magnets (11, 12, 12z), which are arranged at predetermined intervals in the width direction of the conveyor belt (2), are disposed in a position spaced apart from the surface of the conveyor belt (2).

Abstract: A belt monitoring system employs a belt having at least one reinforcement member made from a conductive reinforcement material. A belt monitor is disposed in conjunction with the belt. The belt monitor comprises a field inductor excited by an applied signal. An electrical characteristic of at least a portion of the field inductor as influenced by changes in the electrical properties of the conductive reinforcement member is monitored in order to determine a physical condition of the conductive reinforcement member and thereby monitor a physical characteristic of the belt. This monitoring may be carried out by a sense inductor disposed adjacent or in conjunction with the field inductor.