Abstract: An energy dissipating helmet, such as a football, baseball, hockey, construction, combat, bicycle, or motorcycle helmet, including a structural component adapted to receive an anticipatory impact having energy, and a stress-activated active material element, such as a Austenitic shape memory alloy wire, mesh, layer, or spring, communicatively coupled to the component, and activatable by the impact, so as to dissipate at least a portion of the energy.

Abstract: The present application provides a helmet. The helmet includes an energy absorbing layer (2) and a sliding facilitator (5). The sliding facilitator is provided on an inside surface of the energy absorbing layer (2). A method of manufacturing the helmet is further provided. The method includes the steps of: providing an energy absorbing layer in the mold, and providing a sliding facilitator contacting an inside surface of the energy absorbing layer.

Abstract: Helmet pads are removably attached to the outer surface of an existing sport's helmet. The pads are constructed to conform to the contours of the outer surface of the helmet. The pads are made from layers of thermoplastic material structured to absorb both shock and acoustic waves that may cause concussive type injuries.

Abstract: A protection device for a helmet includes a base, and a protection member coupled to the base. The base and protection member are configured to be coupled to an outer surface of the helmet.

Abstract: Presently disclosed is a protective helmet, which may include a shell defining a shell exterior and a shell interior, and being configured to receive a wearer's head and extend to protectively cover the head circumferentially and vertically over the top of a wearer's skull; a first cushioning member disposed within the shell interior and configured for cushioning the skull; and a plurality of columnar cushioning members configured for supporting the shell on the skull and being configured for bending to allow rotational movement of the shell with respect to the skull, the columnar cushioning members having inner surfaces disposed further inwardly with respect to the shell than the first cushioning member surface to position the columnar member inner surfaces for resting against the skull and leaving a space between the first cushioning member inner surfaces and the skull.

Abstract: A helmet includes an outer shell, a liner and a neck roll. The neck roll is configured to absorb impact between the helmet and a wearer's head/neck when the wearer's head is forced rearward. The neck roll can be positioned adjacent a lower rim of the liner and can include one or more deformable impact absorption compartments to absorb the impact between the helmet and the wearer's head/neck. The impact absorption compartments can be formed by a base, two generally upwardly extending walls and one or more generally upwardly extending support members extending between the upwardly extending walls. The impact absorption characteristics of the compartments can be varied to provide a desired level of impact absorption.

Abstract: The invention provides a helmet for protecting the head of a wearer and includes a helmet body and a strap for coupling the helmet to the head, the strap being secured to the helmet body. The strap has two halves, each with a front portion for passing under the wearer's chin and a rear portion for passing around the side and rear of the wearer's head. The front portion of each strap half has an end that is secured to the helmet body at a first location at the side and the second portion has an end that is secured to the helmet body towards the rear. An elastically deformable element, such as a suction cup and/or a pad, is located in a pocket towards the end of the second portion. This provides additional grip, comfort, and security.

Abstract: A bicycle helmet for protecting the head of a wearer includes an outer shell and an energy dissipating inner layer coupled to the outer shell. The inner layer defines an inner surface, and front attachment locations are inwardly offset from the inner surface substantially at a frontal portion of the helmet. Rear attachment locations are inwardly offset from the inner surface substantially at a rear portion of the helmet. An internal ventilation system is supported by the front attachment locations and the rear attachment locations. The internal ventilation system is configured for direct engagement with the head of the wearer for supporting the helmet upon the head of the wearer. The internal ventilation system provides a gap between the head of the wearer and the inner surface. The gap allows ventilating air to flow over a substantial extent of the wearer's head and within the helmet.

Abstract: Systems and methods for head impact injury prediction. A computer implemented method is provided for event based injury predictions. The computer implemented method receives an indication of sensor data related to an impact of a user. The received sensor data is compared to previously stored sensor data in a data store. Each instance of the previously stored sensor data is associated with a medical diagnosis. If the received sensor data matches any of the previously stored sensor data based on the comparison, then an injury risk indicator is generated based on at least one of the medical diagnosis associated with the matching previously stored sensor data or an impact history of the user. The generated indicator is presented.

Abstract: A helmet has a ventilated shell, ventilated padding and a ventilated liner of plural cells mounted to the padding for engaging a wearer's head. The liner has top and bottom flexible sheets fused around their perimeter, the bottom sheet having plural round or oval toroidal cells and plural round or oval closed cells, the openings in the toroidal cells extending through the top sheet. Foam at least partly fills each cell. Cells under a crown of the shell are connected in a first circuit with a valve for inflating these cells and a other cells under temporal and occipital portions of the shell are connected in a second inflation circuit with a valve for inflating the second plurality of the cells. Cells under the frontal portion not being inflatable and being substantially filled with foam padding.

Abstract: A safety hat for use by construction workers is disclosed. The safety hat is fabricated from a hard plastic type material or other equivalent impact resistant materials. The safety hat is in the general shape of existing baseball type caps. The safety hat has a hollow brim portion to receive the brim of the typical soft baseball cap and thereby secure the safety hat to the baseball cap so that the safety hat fits securely and comfortably on the users head.

Abstract: Safety head wear for use for example in high risk activities such as sports and industrial purposes where protection from head injuries is required. Components are provided inserted between the liner and outer shell and consists of two parts; a chamber or bladder and a fluid or gel like material. The fluid or gel material is contained in the chamber or bladder and is positioned in such a way to create low friction between the surface of the shell and liner or liner and head. It can also be used on the outer surface of the shell or placed within two layers of the liner. The device provides a method of independently managing both compression and shear force characteristics of the helmet around the head designed to decrease brain trauma resulting from high linear and angular acceleration during impacts to the helmet.

Abstract: Secondary energy absorbing helmet underwear is to be worn by a user under a primary rigid hard hat, sports helmet or military helmet. The helmet underwear includes an integral self elasticized stretchable material that includes a three-dimensional structure that is generally of semi-spherical shape to fit about the users head and that includes an optional peripheral stretchable stretch band that provides a means for retaining the helmet underwear in place on the users head. The stretchable material and core includes front and rear layers that are each formed as a knitted layer and interconnecting yarns that interconnect between the front and rear layers and define a predetermined spacing between the front and rear layers. The interconnecting yarns, in combination with the layers provide a safety barrier between the rigid hat and the user's head.

Abstract: A protective helmet has a helmet cap and a shock-absorbing inner fitment in the form of a grille-like basket. The basket includes bosses pointing to the inner wall of the helmet cap exercising a shock-absorbing function based on their plastic deformation under an impact. The basket may be fastened to the helmet cap with a shock-absorbing effect directly at the fastening point, by providing a fastening boss for the fastening of the basket to the helmet cap. The fastening boss includes an end face having a through opening for firm contact against the helmet cap. The helmet cap has a through opening aligned with the through opening in the end face. Correspondingly, bolt-shaped fastener abut against the outer side of the helmet cap and the inner side of the end face, and are connected such that the end face pressed against the inner wall of the helmet cap.

Abstract: A protective helmet includes a head cap, which surrounds and moves with a wearer's head, and an outer shell which surrounds the head cap. The outer shell is movable both radially and circumferentially relative to the head cap. An energy absorbing flexible liner is located between the head cap and the outer shell. The liner is attached to the outer shell and the head cap so that neither the head cap nor the head of the wearer is otherwise attached to the outer shell. The liner establishes a preset initial relative position and spacing between the head cap and the outer shell and compliantly absorbs energy imparted to the outer shell during a helmet impact to enable the outer shell to move relative to the head cap during the helmet impact and to be returned to the initial relative position with the head cap following the impact.

Abstract: A protective band that may be added to a hat, such as a baseball hat, is included. The protective band may include an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer may include cloth and the inner layer may include foam. The protective band may fit within the hat and may be worn with the hat.

Abstract: Provided is protective athletic headwear that includes a body, band and protective inserts. The body has a first opening and a second smaller opening. The pocket band extends about the first opening to the interior of the body and partially toward the second opening. The band is free floating with respect to the body and configured to fit the head of the person. Further, the band includes pockets disposed about a base stitching that secure the band to the body. The protective inserts are configured to be received into pockets to provide a protective function to the head of the person. The protective inserts are disposed adjacently to one another about the band and extend from the base stitching of the band partially toward the second opening such that the body encloses the protective inserts in the band.

Abstract: A personal impact protection device (10) with a first mechanical member (12) that may be a shell, ring or housing, and a second mechanical member (14) that may also be a shell, ring or housing. The two mechanical members (12, 14) are nested and spaced from one another. One or more elastomeric energy-absorption members (16) are mechanically coupled to and span the distance between both of the mechanical members (12, 14) to absorb energy from impacts to the outer mechanical member (12) that displace the outer member (12) relative to the inner member (14).

Abstract: A football helmet has a shell with a top portion having a raised central channel at least at one of a front area and a top area of the top portion of the shell, with a plurality of elongated vent openings on each side of the channel, the vent openings being spaced from each other on each side of the channel, from front to back, along the helmet shell.

Abstract: A protective member such as a helmet includes an outer layer and an inner layer interconnected by multiple connectors, such as extension springs, under tension along their longitudinal axis. The connectors absorb energy from an impact force by resisting further tension along their longitudinal axis and allow the outer layer and inner layer to move relative to each other. In the helmet application, the head of a user experiences less impact force, reduced change in momentum or position of the head and neck, reduced head and neck loads and reduced amounts of linear and rotational acceleration. The protective member can be used in numerous applications and environments, including for participants in sports, in applications including bumpers, passenger cabins, car seats and beds.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an apparatus for use in reducing the impact to the head during sporting activities. The present disclosure provides a helmet cap, which covers an underlying hard shell helmet. The helmet cap has a durable, energy absorbing outer shell, which lessens the initial impact to the helmet. The outer shell is formed into segments of padded material. The helmet cap may be securely attached to helmets without modification of the helmets. The helmet cap may include an adjustable fastener that allows the helmet cap to be securely attached to helmets of varying dimensions.

Abstract: A chin protection system for releasable attachment to a wide variety of helmets through the use of an elastically-deformable helmet cover, a pliable retainer, and a chin protector. The system safely attaches to a helmet without any modifications to the helmet and therefore does not impact the warranty or safety rating of the helmet. The helmet cover is designed to stretch and conform to numerous different helmet styles and manufacturers, while serving as an attachment point for the pliable retainer. The pliable retainer provides the tensile force necessary to keep the chin protector in place throughout the range of movement common during sporting activities, as well as during an impact to the chin. The chin protection system may be utilized on any safety helmet including, but not limited to, bike helmets, skateboard helmets, rollerblade helmets, ski/snowboard helmets, motorcycle helmets, go-cart helmets, baseball and softball helmets, and climbing helmets.

Abstract: An energy absorbing liner system and method of making it, preferably by thermoforming. A helmet has an energy absorbing inner system positioned inside the shell. The liner has thermoformed interconnected energy absorbing modules that non-destructively rebound after one or more impacts. At least some of the modules in the layer have a basal portion with upper and lower sections when viewed in relation to the wearer's head. The upper section has one or more energy absorbing units. At least some of the units are provided with a wall with a domed cap that faces the outer shell. The units at least partially cushion the blow by absorbing energy imparted by an object that impacts the outer shell. The lower comfort section has a tiered arrangement of layers. The layers are relatively compliant and thus provide a comfortable yet firm fit of the helmet upon the wearer.

Abstract: A liner system and method of thermoforming. A helmet has an energy absorbing inner system positioned inside the shell. The liner has thermoformed interconnected energy absorbing modules. At least some of the modules in the layer have a basal portion with upper and lower sections when viewed in relation to the wearer's head. The upper section has one or more energy absorbing units. At least some of the units are provided with a wall with a domed cap that faces the outer shell. The units at least partially cushion the blow by absorbing energy imparted by an object that impacts the outer shell. The lower comfort section has a tiered arrangement of layers. The layers are relatively compliant and thus provide a comfortable yet firm fit of the helmet upon the wearer.

Abstract: Devices with one or more internal flexibility sipes, such as slits, to provide improved flexibility, improved cushioning to absorb shock and/or shear forces, and improved stability. An internal sipe is formed by at least a portion of two opposing internal surfaces that can move relative to each other in a sliding sideways motion. Siped devices can be used in most existing products, including helmets and/or helmet liners.

Abstract: Magnetic repulsive forces can be exploited for impact absorption in protective body gear such as, e.g., helmets.

Abstract: A wearable impact reduction device including a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer. The first layer is located closest to the wearer's body and includes a flexible material configured to conform to the shape of a user's body. The fourth layer is located furthest from the wearer's body and is more rigid than the first layer whereby the fourth layer can distribute an external impact over a region. The second layer is placed between the first layer and the third layer. The third layer is placed between the second layer and the fourth layer. The second layer includes an elastically-deformable material having at least one resilient impression arranged and configured to at least partially compress upon application of a force and to return elastically to its original shape upon removal of the force.

Abstract: Provided is a protective headwear that includes a body, pocket band and plurality of protective inserts. The body has an opening and a crown, and is configured to fit a head of a person. The pocket band extends about the opening to the interior of the body and partially toward the crown being secured to the body by a base stitching about the opening. The pocket band is free floating from the base stitching with respect to the interior of the body and configured to fit the head of the person. The pocket band also includes a plurality of pockets disposed about the base stitching. The protective inserts are configured to be received into the pockets to provide a protective function to the head of the person. The protective inserts are disposed adjacently to one another about the pocket band and extend from the base stitching toward the crown.

Abstract: Provided is protective athletic headwear that includes a body, band and protective inserts. The body has a first opening and a second smaller opening. The pocket band extends about the first opening to the interior of the body and partially toward the second opening. The band is free floating with respect to the body and configured to fit the head of the person. Further, the band includes pockets disposed about a base stitching that secure the band to the body. The protective inserts are configured to be received into pockets to provide a protective function to the head of the person. The protective inserts are disposed adjacently to one another about the band and extend from the base stitching of the band partially toward the second opening such that the body encloses the protective inserts in the band.

Abstract: The present application discloses a helmet and an impact liner system and energy management structures for a helmet. In one exemplary embodiment, the impact liner system comprises a plurality of compressible energy management structures and one or more carriers for supporting the plurality of energy management structures within a helmet shell. The energy management structures are positioned between an interior surface of the helmet shell and the head of a user when the impact liner system is attached to the helmet shell. Each energy management structure comprises an outer wall configured to bend when an exterior of the helmet shell is impacted by an object. The carrier comprises a plurality of openings configured to receive the energy management structures. The outer wall of the energy management structures extend between the interior of the helmet shell and the carrier of the impact liner system.

Abstract: A protective sports helmet includes one or more features that promote efficient fit adjustment and efficient donning and removal of the helmet. The helmet optionally includes a front shell portion pivotably connected to a rear shell portion to promote easy donning and removal of the helmet. The upper region of the front shell optionally is longitudinally adjustable relative to the upper region of the rear shell, as well. Cam mechanisms optionally are provided on the helmet shell for securing straps of a chin cup at desired lengths. The cam mechanisms optionally each include a self-energizing grip member that increasingly engages the strap when the strap is pulled taut while the cam mechanism is in the locked position. A face guard optionally is attached within the helmet shell structure, which provides a smooth helmet exterior and promotes distributed energy transfer from the face guard to the helmet shell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lightweight protective helmet having an improved ventilation system therein. The protective helmet comprises an outer shell and an inner liner that are joined together to form a shell/liner composite. The ventilation system interacts with one or more ventilation ports in the protective helmet to control the flow of ambient air in and out of the interior of the protective helmet. The ventilation system may be integrated or encased within the shell/liner composite, or it may be adapted to be used on the exterior of the helmet. In addition, the ventilation system may include one of several types of interchangeable insert members to allow active or passive control of ambient air into the interior of the helmet.

Abstract: An adjustable and flexible sports headgear for protecting against injuries. A front panel protects the forehead, eyes, nose, and face of the wearer. The front panel extends from the forehead to the nose tip, allowing the wearer to breathe, and has a pair of openings that accommodate the eyes and permit unobstructed vision. A rear panel protects the back of the head and has two ends and a fastener connecting the ends to secure the headgear to the head. Side panels extend from opposite ends of the front panel to the rear panel. The side panels have ear protectors with apertures that facilitate hearing. Impact-absorbing padding is located along the front panel to protect the forehead and along the side panels to protect the temples. A strap connects the side panels with a releasable connector and, when connected, spans over the top of the head of the wearer.

Abstract: A protective helmet useful in sports (e.g., football) for protecting the head of a user includes an outer layer and an inner layer. The outer layer is connected to the inner layer by multiple connectors that are under tension along their longitudinal axis. The connectors absorb energy from the force of an impact by resisting further tension along their longitudinal axis and allow the outer layer and inner layer to move relative to each other. The helmet affords a reduction in the amount of force, including rotational force, from an impact that is transferred to the head of a user.

Abstract: A bicycle helmet comprises a helmet body including a shock absorbing insert and an external shell overlying at least partially the shock absorbing insert. The shock absorbing insert and the external shell have a plurality of structural bridges interconnected with each other with ventilation openings extending therebetween, a majority of the structural bridges having elongated ridges protruding from a base section. The elongated ridges and the base sections of the external shell overlie a respective one of the elongated ridges and the base sections of the shock absorbing insert.

Abstract: A composite material which is elastic, which exhibits a resistive load under deformation which increases with the rate of deformation, which is unfoamed or foamed, comminuted or uncomminuted and which comprises i) a first polymer-based elastic material and ii) a second polymer-based material, different from i), which exhibits dilatancy in the absence of i) wherein ii) is entrapped in a solid matrix of i), the composite material being unfoamed or, when foamed, preparable by incorporating ii) with i) prior to foaming.

Abstract: A helmet comprising an energy absorbing layer (2) and a sliding facilitator (5) is provided. The sliding facilitator is provided inside of the energy absorbing layer (2). A method of manufacturing a helmet comprising a sliding facilitator is further provided. The method comprising the steps of: providing an energy absorbing layer in the mould, and providing a sliding facilitator contacting the energy absorbing layer.

Abstract: A protective head cover liner is comprised of a substantially oval shock-absorbing material such as rubber or the like adapted to absorb impact and sized and shaped to conform to a user's head and the inside of a head cover, such as a hat or cap. The protective head cover liner includes reliefs such as slits or the absence of material to form a concave shape approximating that of the intended user's head. The protective head cover liner may include ventilation slots and may comprise a pocket encapsulating a liquid or gel to aid in absorbing impact. The encapsulated material may be chosen to possess a high specific heat allowing the protective head cover liner to be chilled prior to use to aid in the dissipation of heat from the intended user's head over an extended period.

Abstract: A helmet includes a frame component and a detachable, replaceable head-protection component. The frame component includes a facemask and a chin strap attachment. The head-protection component is attached to the frame component by mating respective connectors disposed on each component. Upon an impact, the damaged head-protection component may be removed and replaced with a new replacement head-protection component.

Abstract: A headgear item which may be used during horseriding, with a hat structure which is at least partially dimensionally stable, and with a brim protruding at least over part of a circumference of the hat structure, and with an impact damping shell surrounding a head-conforming shape. A lower side of the brim is pulled inward as far as the head-conforming shape and covers a lower edge of the impact damping shell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a safety helmet having an outer shell, having a front opening, coupled with an inner shell made of shock absorption material, an anti-dazzle visor constrained to the outer shell and movable between a position of engagement and a position of disengagement with the front opening, and an operating portion of the anti-dazzle visor, integral with this latter, and controlled, through a motion transmission cable, by a control slider coupled to a related guide fastened to the outer shell. The control slider is translatable manually between an inactive position and an active position in which the anti-dazzle visor is arranged in a position of engagement. Advantageously, the motion transmission cable has one end integral with the outer she and the other end integral with the control slider, and engages with a drive constrained to the operating portion of the anti-dazzle visor, for movement of this latter.

Abstract: A device, system, and elements for providing customizable and regionalized head protection are disclosed. One or more protective elements and/or cushioning elements can be permanently or removably attached to a wearable shell, to provide an increased level of protection for a wearer. The size, shape, and composition of the one or more protective elements and/or cushioning elements can be varied to alter the level and location of protection provided by the head protection device. One or more accessories also can be included in the head protection device, such as light sources and reflectors to enhance the visibility of the head protection device and to provide illumination.

Abstract: Protective articles for resisting mechanical loads and associated methods are generally described. The load resistant articles described herein can incorporate one or more features that enhance the ability of the article to absorb an applied force.

Abstract: Protective gear such as a helmet includes multiple shell layers connected through energy and impact transformer layers. The energy and impact transformer layers may include conical structures used to dissipate mechanical energy applied to an outer shell layer while allowing an outer shell layer the ability to rotate with respect to a middle or inner shell layer. The conical structures may be three dimensional pyramids, three dimensional parabolic structures, and may be outwardly or inwardly oriented.

Abstract: Protective gear includes an outer shell layer connected to a middle shell layer through an outer energy and impact transformer layer. The middle shell layer is connected to an inner shell layer through an inner energy and impact transformer layer. The outer and inner energy and impact transformer layers flexibly connect the shell layers to absorb impact threes, rotational forces, shear forces, etc., and allow the various shell layers to move and slide relative to the other shell layers. The outer and inner energy and impact transformer layers may be constructed using gels, fluids, electro-rheological elements, magneto-theological elements, etc. The protective gear may be firmed as helmets or body protection for various activities and protect users from not only impact and penetrative forces, but rotational and shear forces as well.

Abstract: A helmet retention system having a first side strap system configured to connect to a first side of a helmet and a second side strap system configured to connect to an opposite second side of a helmet is provided. A chin cup and a chin cup connecting mechanism are provided. The chin cup connecting mechanism is configured to connect the first and second side strap systems in an area about the user's chin and to vary the amount of tension in the system between at least two predefined tension states. Strap adjusters provide a cam design for tensioning the straps and retaining the adjustors fixed to the straps at the desired adjustment under external force applied to the straps. Anchors provide secure mounting of the straps to the helmet.

Abstract: Presently disclosed is a protective helmet, which may include a shell defining a shell exterior and a shell interior, and being configured to receive a wearer's head and extend to protectively cover the head circumferentially and vertically over the top of a wearer's skull; a first cushioning member disposed within the shell interior and configured for cushioning the skull; and a plurality of columnar cushioning members configured for supporting the shell on the skull and being configured for bending to allow rotational movement of the shell with respect to the skull, the columnar cushioning members having inner surfaces disposed further inwardly with respect to the shell than the first cushioning member surface to position the columnar member inner surfaces for resting against the skull and leaving a space between the first cushioning member inner surfaces and the skull.

Abstract: A helmet for receiving the head of a hockey or lacrosse player, the helmet having an outer shell and an inner lining covering at least partially the inner surface of the outer shell. In one embodiment, the helmet comprises a skeleton at least partially covered by the inner lining, a movable occipital pad and movable temple pads. The inner lining can be made of an absorptive material such as foam, expanded polypropylene or expanded polyethylene and can be overmolded onto the skeleton. The occipital pad and the temple pads may be arranged with an inward bias so as to help the helmet self-adjust to provide an advantageous fit on the player's head. In some embodiments, the outer shell and skeleton, or the outer shell and the inner lining, cooperate to define a ventilation system.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a cervical spine protection apparatus one or more composite bands attached to provide restraint of one or more motions of the cervical spine of a wearer. The apparatus is designed to protect a wearer from incurring cervical spinal injuries, and/or to reduce the severity of cervical spine injuries without substantially compromising the normal functional range of motion of the wearer's cervical spine.

Abstract: A natural fiber impact attenuation system capable of protecting a user engaged in a professional, recreational, or competitive activity is disclosed. The system may be constructed partly or entirely of biodegradable natural fiber materials such as cork in an agglomerated or non-agglomerated form. Impact attenuation pads may be installed within the shell of a helmet so that a user's head decelerates during an impact event by causing natural fiber impact attenuation pads to deform into void spaces or empty areas. The natural fiber impact attenuation system may be secured to a helmet by adhesives or other fastening methods.