With Fluid Injection Patents (Class 202/129)
  • Patent number: 8608910
    Abstract: A coal reforming apparatus includes: a dryer body provided to dry low-quality coal; a pyrolysis body which pyrolyzes the dried coal thus dried; and a briquetter which compression-molds the pyrolyzed coal thus pyrolyzed. The coal reforming apparatus has a radical scavenger supplier which supplies drying gas with a radical scavenger so that the low-quality coal can be dried in an atmosphere containing the radical scavenger, the drying gas being supplied from a drying gas supply source and heated by a heater, the radical scavenger being formed of an organic compound having a hydroxyl group.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 30, 2010
    Date of Patent: December 17, 2013
    Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
    Inventors: Ryuji Yoshiyama, Setsuo Omoto
  • Publication number: 20110209977
    Abstract: The invention describes a process and a device for fluidized bed torrefaction and grinding of a feed containing mainly biomass with a view to supplying a unit for gasification or combustion of said feed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 17, 2008
    Publication date: September 1, 2011
    Applicant: IFP
    Inventors: Matthieu Rolland, Sylvain Louret
  • Patent number: 6538166
    Abstract: A waste rubber treatment process and appartus therefor for vaporizing rubber and separating the vaporized rubber into its usable components. The waste rubber treatment process and appartus therefor includes heating a quantity of rubber in an atmosphere at a negative pressure and at a temperature between 340 Celsius and 510 degrees Celsius such that the rubber is vaporized and defines a vaporized rubber. The vaporized rubber has a plurality of hydrocarbon constituents therein. A venturi separator sprays the vaporized rubber with oil having a boiling temperature greater than 175 degrees Celsius. The oil binds to heavy oil in the hydrocarbon constituents. A remaining portion of the vaporized rubber is condensed such that light oils in the hydrocarbon constituents liquefy and are separated from hydrocarbon gases.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 18, 2001
    Date of Patent: March 25, 2003
    Inventor: A. Latif Mahjoob
  • Patent number: 5693188
    Abstract: Apparatus for the thermal conversion of solids containing hydrocarbons. In one embodiment for solids which can be converted entirely to vapour, pieces of the solids are continually fed into a molten lead bath in an oxygen free atmosphere in an elongated conversion chamber. An auger partially immersed in the lead bath carries the floating pieces along in the molten lead bath until they are gradually converted to hydrocarbon vapour which rises upwardly to a condenser. In another embodiment for solids which can be converted to a vapour, particulate matter and residual solids, the lead bath extends further into a separation chamber with an inclined retaining skirt extending between the conversion chamber and the separation chamber, The auger forces the particulate matter and residual solids remaining after vaporization down under the inclined skirt, but the hydrocarbon vapour is prevented from escaping into the separation chamber.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 8, 1996
    Date of Patent: December 2, 1997
    Assignee: Unique Tire Recycling (Canada) Inc.
    Inventors: James R. Donnohue, John Edgar Coltman
  • Patent number: 5507846
    Abstract: A gasifier for producing methane-rich fuel gas from a biomass material feed includes at least one cylindrical vessel, and an axially extending rotor mounted within the vessel. A feeding system is mounted to the vessel at the input end for introducing feed to the vessel. The feeding system includes two independently operated pistons, slidable in an inclined cylinder, and two slide valves, disposed in a vertical pipe above the inclined cylinder. The slide valves serve to apportion the amount of feed delivered to the gasifier, while the pistons selectively seal the pressurized interior of the kiln from the feed hopper. A discharge system for removing residue from the kiln also includes two pistons which selectively seal kiln from the environment. The gasifier of the present invention may also include double-plate intake and exhaust manifolds, and a box beam rotor, optionally including zinc oxide disposed in the hollow, central rotor shaft defined by the vanes of the box beam rotor.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 6, 1994
    Date of Patent: April 16, 1996
    Assignee: Wright Malta Corporation
    Inventor: John A. Coffman
  • Patent number: 5098481
    Abstract: Process and apparatus for near-zero discharge soil remediation, preferably in conjunction with an asphalt plant, comprising heating soil contaminated with up to about 30,000 ppm light hydrocarbons in an inclined, axially-fired rotating separator, and sampling the output soil to determine the remaining contaminants. If below 100 ppm (preferably 10 ppm) it may be reemplaced as clean fill. If it does meet D.O.T./CALTRANS standards and is below about 100 ppm it may be used as roadbed fill. If between about 1000 and 100 ppm and meets standards it may be used as aggregate, being mixed with hot oil to form asphalt. The separator offgases are condensed, the reclaimed liquid hydrocarbons separated and combined with the hot oil. The hot condenser offgases are supplied as secondary air to a main dryer, improving efficiency of operation. A dust/mud blow down system clears the heat exchange plenums with compressed air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 6, 1991
    Date of Patent: March 24, 1992
    Assignee: Reed & Graham, Inc.
    Inventor: Kenneth J. Monlux
  • Patent number: 4374704
    Abstract: A process and apparatus for the pyrolysis of coal or other hydrocarbon bearing materials in which the material is fed into the upper end of a rotating cylinder and is heated in a plurality of stages, the heated material passing from the cylinder into a char pit, and treating the resulting materials to separate them into fuels having different characteristics.One feature of the invention is the addition of CaO or NaHCO.sub.3 to the charged materials and addition of H.sub.2 O in the char pit to facilitate removal of sulfur.Another feature is the scraping and brushing of the inside surfaces of the rotary cylinder to clean the interior of the cylinder during the conduct of the process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 4, 1980
    Date of Patent: February 22, 1983
    Inventor: William P. Young
  • Patent number: 4126518
    Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, coking or carbonizing fluent or flowable carbon-containing material, such as wood, peat, residues, wastes or the like, by means of gases in an inclined treatment chamber through which the material moves from the top towards the bottom under the influence of gravity while utilizing the flow action of the material while exceeding the natural angle of repose of the material. Gas is conducted from the bottom towards the top in countercurrent flow to the material through the treatment chamber. The gases, constituting a mixture of an infed dosed supply of air and distillation gas escaping out of the material in gaseous state into the hot gas mixture, are exclusively conducted upwardly in the treatment chamber over the material in direct contact therewith owing to the natural rise or lift and the heat needed for coking or carbonizing the material is exclusively produced in the treatment chamber by combustion of the distillation gas with the infed air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 5, 1977
    Date of Patent: November 21, 1978
    Assignee: Etablissement Capitrop
    Inventor: Julio C. S. da Silva Bento
  • Patent number: 4095958
    Abstract: A reactor wherein a biomass is moved progressively downwardly along the upwardly facing side of an inclined grate supported with an enclosure comprising a retort, the rear and front walls of which provide, in conjunction with the grate, a plenum chamber at the downwardly facing side of the grate and a mixing chamber at the upwardly facing side of the grate, the said structure providing for converting the biomass by a process of destructive distillation to CO and ash characterized in that the grate is maintained at a temperature below the fusion temperature of the ash to prevent slagging of the ash by the expedient of supplying an excess of primary air to the plenum chamber at the lower end of the grate so that it flows upwardly along the downwardly facing side thereof, the surplus discharged at the top, providing the grate with a plurality of relatively small openings distributed throughout its length and breadth and providing fins at the downwardly facing side of the grate perpendicular to the plane of the u
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 21, 1977
    Date of Patent: June 20, 1978
    Assignee: Forest Fuels, Inc.
    Inventor: Robert A. Caughey
  • Patent number: 4053365
    Abstract: A modified rotary kiln suitable for calcining normally solid carbonaceous material, having adapted thereto at one end a firing crown and means for admitting combustible gases or liquids and air; a feeding means for such solid carbonaceous material to be calcined adapted to the other end of the kiln; and wherein the combustion gases and solid materials travel countercurrently in the kiln during calcination, wherein: at least one series of at least two tuyeres passes through the wall of the kiln symmetrically spaced to and at about a point longitudinally in the middle one-half of the longitudinal axis of the kiln; each tuyere terminating within the kiln through a nozzle on the side of the tuyere at a height sufficient for the discharge of exterior oxidizing gases passing therethrough at a point above the bed of the carbonaceous material in the kiln, directing the exterior oxidizing gases toward the feed end at about the same acute angular direction from a line passing through the nozzle and parallel to the long
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 2, 1975
    Date of Patent: October 11, 1977
    Assignee: Great Lakes Carbon Corporation
    Inventor: Franklin H. Welter
  • Patent number: 4030895
    Abstract: A reactor for generating combustible fuel gases comprising a chamber, an inclined grate extending from adjacent the top of the chamber to near the bottom and sloping forwardly within the chamber from the top to the bottom, said grate dividing the chamber into a primary chamber at the forward side of the grate and an antechamber at the rear side, a conveyor for delivering a solid fuel such as wood chips and other chopped-up woody material to the upper end of the grate at a rate to maintain a continuous bed of fuel from top to bottom, a blower for delivering primary air to a plenum chamber at the downwardly facing side of the grate to sustain combustion of the fuel at the lower end of the bed and to generate sufficient heat above the place of combustion to effect destructive distillation of a portion of the fuel in the bed above the place of combustion said primary air at said place of combustion converting the charcoal remaining after distillates have passed off descending from the place of distillation to CO
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 17, 1976
    Date of Patent: June 21, 1977
    Inventor: Robert A. Caughey