Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods of controlling or reducing the output rate of a coke oven through gas sharing providing an extended process cycle. In some embodiments, a method of gas sharing between coke ovens to decrease a coke production rate includes operating a plurality of coke ovens to produce coke and heated exhaust gases. In some embodiments, a first coke oven is offset in operation cycle from a second coke oven. The method further includes directing the heated exhaust gases from the first coke oven to the second coke oven while the second coke oven is mid-cycle. The heat transfer allows the second coke oven to extend its cycle while staying above a critical operating temperature. By extending the operational cycle while generally maintaining output per cycle, overall production is decreased.

Abstract: A device for feeding and controlling secondary air from secondary air ducts into flue gas channels of horizontal coke oven chambers is shown. The flue gas channels are located underneath the coke oven chamber floor on which coal carbonization is realized. The flue gas channels serve for combustion of partly burnt coking gases from the coke oven chamber. The partly burnt gases are burnt with secondary air, thus heating the coke cake also from below to ensure even coal carbonization. Secondary air comes from the secondary air ducts connected to atmospheric air and to the flue gas channels. Controlling elements are mounted in the connecting channels between the flue gas channels and secondary air ducts which can precisely control the air flow into the flue gas channels. Thereby, it is possible to achieve a much more regular heating and heat distribution in coke oven chambers. The actual controlling devices in the connecting channels can be formed by turnable pipe sections, wall bricks, or metal flaps.

Abstract: The invention discloses a sleeve-type coal material decomposition apparatus which includes a kiln body. The inside of said kiln body is set with coal material decomposition-promoting layers and circular heating layers centered on the axis of kiln body; the said circular coal material decomposition-promoting layers and circular heating layers are isolated from each other; both ends of the said circular coal material decomposition-promoting layer are respectively connected to the coal inlet and coal outlet on kiln body and are also connected to the decomposition gas collecting mechanism on kiln body. The coal material decomposition-promoting layers and circular heating layers are isolated from each other, which is helpful for the acquisition of pure coal decomposition gas.

Abstract: A retort (10) for producing charcoal, and a method of use thereof, the retort (10) having an inner vessel (140), for receiving wood to be converted into charcoal, and an outer vessel (20) containing the inner vessel (140) and defining an intermediate region between the inner vessel (140) and the outer vessel (20). The intermediate region including a burning region configured for burning fuel to heat the inner vessel (140); a flue (60) from the inner vessel (140) to a region outside the outer vessel (20), for conveying gas from the inner vessel (140) to the atmosphere; a feed pipe (210) from the inner vessel (140) to the intermediate region, for conveying gas from the inner vessel (140) to the intermediate region, wherein the entire length of the feed pipe (210) is located within the outer vessel (20).

Abstract: A device for proportioning of secondary combustion air into the secondary air soles of coke oven chamber ovens is shown. The device is formed by a slide gate or a parallelepiped device or by plates moved by means of a thrust bar, the thrust bar being moved longitudinally in parallel to the coke oven chamber wall so that the plates move away from the secondary air apertures and open or close these. The thrust bar is moved by means of a positioning motor, with the power transmission being effected hydraulically or pneumatically. Via suitable measuring parameters, it is thus possible to optimize secondary heating so that heating is provided evenly from all sides, thus achieving an improvement in coke quality.

Abstract: Modified coal production equipment comprising: first oxygen adsorption speed measuring means (141-144, 149a, 149b), etc., that sort dried coal (3) dried in a drying device (112), and find the oxygen adsorption speed (Vd) of the dried coal (3); second oxygen adsorption speed measuring means (145-148, 149a, 149b) that sort modified coal (7) deactivated by an deactivation treatment device (130), and find the oxygen adsorption speed (Vr) of the modified coal (7); and an arithmetic control device (150) that calculates the oxygen adsorption speed ratio (N) from formula (Vr?Vd)/Vd=N, on the basis of Vd and Vr, and, if N>Ns (a standard value), reads from a map the increased oxygen concentration value (Oa) in a processing gas (106) corresponding to N, calculates a revised oxygen concentration value (Oc) on the basis of the current oxygen concentration value (Op) and Oa, and controls blowers (133, 135) so as to reach Oc.

Abstract: A continuous system for gasification of a biomass feedstock comprising: a fuel conditioning zone, a gasification zone and a char cooling area.

Abstract: Disclosed is a batch pyrolysis reactor for the recovery of pyrolysis products by batch processing waste material. The reactor includes a heating chamber, a removable retort for insertion into and withdrawal from the heating chamber, and a control unit for cycling the temperature of waste material in the pyrolysis chamber. The retort includes a pyrolysis chamber having an opening for receiving and extracting solids.

Abstract: The present technology is generally directed to non-perpendicular connections between coke oven uptakes and a hot common tunnel, and associated systems and methods. In some embodiments, a coking system includes a coke oven and an uptake duct in fluid communication with the coke oven. The uptake duct has an uptake flow vector of exhaust gas from the coke oven. The system also includes a common tunnel in fluid communication with the uptake duct. The common tunnel has a common flow vector and can be configured to transfer the exhaust gas to a venting system. The uptake flow vector and common flow vector can meet at a non-perpendicular interface to improve mixing between the flow vectors and reduce draft loss in the common tunnel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device and a method for feeding primary combustion air for the combustion of coke oven gas into a coking chamber of a coke oven of the non-recovery or heat recovery type, the coke oven is provided with openings in the oven chamber through which the oven chamber can be charged with primary air, and heating flues in the oven chamber sole with openings through which the heating flues can be charged with secondary air, and downcomer-channels which allow for guiding partially burned gas for combustion with secondary air from the oven chamber into the heating flues, wherein in the oven wall above the door or in the upper door area there are one or more non-controlled openings comprised of a heat-proof material through which part of the primary air can be guided, and in the top area of the oven there are further controllable air feeder ducts conducting primary air through the oven top.

Abstract: A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

Abstract: A biochar generator may include a pyrolysis chamber, a heater connected to the pyrolysis chamber and a biochar collection chamber in communication with the pyrolysis chamber. A biochar collection chamber sensor may sense a composition of the biochar collected in the biochar collection chamber to define a sensed composition of the biochar. A controller in electrical communication with the biochar collection chamber sensor may utilize the sensed composition of the biochar to dynamically alter conditions in the pyrolysis chamber to alter the composition of the biochar.

Abstract: The present invention provides a biomass dryer/burner unit having an air cleaning apparatus adapted to accept emissions from unit and to convert said emissions to clean air to meet government emission standards. The air cleaning apparatus including a spray scrubber fluidly connected to the unit adapted to moisten emissions, a recirculation tank in fluid communication with a collection tank, angled baffle plates, and the collection tank further having a sensor adapted to measure contaminant levels contained within the recirculation air filtration system. If the air contained within the collection tank measures above a predetermined contaminant level, then the air contained within the collection tank is directed back into the spray scrubber. If the air contained within the collection tank is below a predetermined level, then the air is exhausted into the atmosphere. Water is further allowed to recirculate back to the spray scrubber.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coking oven in flat-type construction, a non-recovery or heat-recovery coking oven, which has at least one measuring apparatus for measuring the concentration of gaseous constituents of the coke oven retort, the coke oven hearth and/or the off gas duct, and in which, on the basis of these data, a process control computer determines and regulates the optimal supply of primary and/or secondary air. Also embraced by the invention is a coking method employing a coking oven of this kind.

Abstract: Provided is a gasification facility which uses flammable gas as a carrier medium for air-transporting powder fuel, used as a gasification raw material, to a gasification furnace and which can safely release the flammable gas, exhausted from a fuel feed hopper, to the atmosphere. In the gasification facility using flammable gas as a carrier medium for transporting pulverized coal as powder fuel from a pulverized coal feed hopper (7) to a gasification furnace (11), the flammable gas discharged from the pulverized coal feed hopper (7) is subjected to incineration treatment and then released to the atmosphere, so that safe release to the atmosphere can be implemented.

Abstract: Dosed proportioning and cutoff of combustion air into the primary heating space of a horizontal coke oven is provided by apertures in the ceiling of the coke oven chamber, the apertures covered with a withdrawable cover device which controls the amount of air admitted, manually or in an automatic mode. By way of this device, ventilation of a coke oven chamber with primary air can be so controlled that primary air is introduced in an exactly dosed manner and, depending on its place of installation, exactly distributed into the primary heating space of a coke oven chamber.

Abstract: Device for burning coking gas in a coking chamber of a coke oven of the “non-recovery type” or “heat-recovery type”, a multiplicity of inlet openings for primary air being arranged in the roof of each oven chamber in such a way that the coking gas produced during the coking is brought into uniform contact with the desired quantity of primary air for the partial combustion of the coking gas, these inlet openings for primary air being combined above the oven for each chamber separately by an air feed system, the air feed systems of the individual oven chambers being connected to an air feed system common to many oven chambers, and a respective control member for varying the primary air quantity over the carbonizing time being provided between the common air feed system and the air feeds of the individual oven chambers. A slight, constant positive pressure can be applied to the common air feed system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pyrolysis apparatus of a waste material. The pyrolysis apparatus includes a pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposing an introduced waste material by using air, an upper gate installed at an upper portion of the pyrolysis furnace such that the upper gate is open or closed, and closed after the waste material has been introduced; a lower gate installed below the upper gate such that the lower gate is open or closed, a main valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a main pipe communicating with an inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, a sub-valve connected with the exhaust pipe and installed in a sub-pipe communicating with the inner part of the pyrolysis furnace, and a gas purifying unit receiving gas exhausted from the pyrolysis furnace, aerating the gas into water, and purifying the gas through a filter.

Abstract: A device for feeding primary combustion air or a gas into an oven for the carbonization of coal is provided. The device has nozzle-shaped openings the inlet ports of which are made of a refractory material. These openings are situated above the door area or in the upper door area of the coke oven and having no adjusting devices for the air or gas flow. Part of the primary air or of a gas is passed through these openings. In the top area of the oven additional openings into the oven are provided through which another part of primary air or of a gas is passed and which are equipped with controlling units comprised of a folding mechanism or a helical spindle or a cone lock and connected to a mechanical actuator element. These openings in the oven top area are configured as pipes which pass through the top wall, the pipes being configured, for example, as U-pipes or as a siphon to provide protection from outer influences.

Abstract: Apparatus for the pyrolysis of solid waste material includes a thermal reactor including an elongate hollow housing with a reaction chamber disposed within the housing. The thermal reactor is vertically oriented in order to cause solid waste material fed thereinto to pass through said reaction chamber by the force of gravity and a plurality of vanes are disposed for both conducting heat into said reactor chamber and for tumbling said solid waste material as said solid waste material passes through said reaction chamber. Inlets and outlets are provided for passing oxygen transversely through the reaction chamber.

Abstract: The damper baffle includes a U-shaped sub-frame and a temperature resistant insulation damper mat draped over and secured upright to the sub-frame for use in the ventilation system of a coke oven. The damper mat is a thick sheet of silica needle mat, which provides the thermal barrier of the damper baffle. The sub-frame is a bent high temperature steel rod which is bolted directly to the base plate of a conventional lift frame and lift mechanism. Two pairs of support plates secure and support the mat over the sub-frame in an upright orientation. The damper baffle seeks to provide a light-weight damper baffle for use in coke ovens, which eliminates the need for the heavy and cumbersome refractory baffle blocks.

Abstract: A liquid condensation system heats a liquid raw material under a decompressed circumstance and evaporates a volatile component from a liquid surface to condense the liquid raw material. Therefore, the liquid condensation system includes: liquid condensers, each of which condenses the liquid raw material; a vacuum pump that is in communication with the liquid condensers; and a warm water circulation system as a heating source that heats the liquid raw material in the liquid condensers. The volatile component evaporated in the liquid condensers is led to the outside of the liquid condensers through vapor lines. The condensed liquid that is not evaporated in the liquid condensers is led to the outside of the liquid condensers through condensed-liquid lines. Condensed-liquid-line adjusting valves are interposed on the condensed-liquid lines, and heating means is attached to the condensed-liquid lines. A control unit controls the heating means and the condensed-liquid-line adjusting valves.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for decreasing gas flow rates in a sole flue gas system for a coke oven during at least an initial coking operation after charging a coking oven with coal. The method includes providing a duct system between a first coke oven having a first coking chamber and a second coke oven having a second coking chamber to direct at least a portion of gas from a gas space in first coking chamber to the second coke oven thereby reducing a gas flow rate in the first sole flue gas system of the first coke oven. Reduction in sole flue gas flow rates has a beneficial effect on product throughput, the life of the coke oven and environmental control of volatile emissions from coke ovens.

Abstract: A system for transporting and burning under negative pressure in a boiler a raw coke oven gas to produce steam energy. The system has the usual battery of coke ovens and corresponding ascension pipes connected to a collector main. Flushing liquor is sprayed into the hot coke oven gases to effect cooling in the collector main. A transport main delivers the cooled raw coke oven gases and flushing liquor to a burner of a steam producing boiler where the transport main includes a downcomer for separating the raw coke oven gas from the flushing liquor. The coke oven gas is burned in the boiler where a suction fan is provided at the exhaust of the boiler to develop a negative pressure in the system where the boiler has reinforced walls to withstand the negative pressure. A change in negative pressure in the system is detected and monitored by a controller system which varies draw of the suction fan in response to a detected change in negative pressure in the system.

Abstract: A coke oven door for closing the open end of an elongated coking chamber of a nonrecovery coke oven, including process air vents extending through the door at a level above a coal charge to be coked, has a structural frame on its outer surface including an elongated manifold extending across the door adjacent its bottom with a plurality of inlet openings in the manifold, and a tubular duct system connecting the manifold to the process air inlets whereby reduced pressure in the oven will draw air through the process air inlets and the duct system to thereby draw emissions from the area at the base of the door into the oven for incineration.

Abstract: According to the invention the heating system for regenerative coke oven batteries that can be heated with rich gas and/or lean gas or mixed gas is provided comprising vertical flues cooperating in pairs, each vertical flue being connected to a regenerator for preheating the air and, in the case of lean gas operation, for preheating the lean gas or mixed gas. High and low combustion stages, as well as structure defining an internal flue gas return at levels above a flue base are provided. Discharge openings are provided at at least three levels for supplying each flue. A base discharge opening is provided at the flue base directly connected to regenerators. Hollow communicating channels are defined for connecting the regenerators to discharge openings located above the flue base. The hollow communicating channels are preferably formed in each communicating wall connected to a discharge opening leading only to one adjacent flue.

Abstract: A rotary, continuous pyrolytic conversion system converts solid hydrocarbons into gases, liquid hydrocarbons and char by pyrolyzing feed stocks including: plastic waste, tires and plastic from automobile shredding operations; containers and trays of styrofoam and other plastic materials such as used in "fast food" restaurants; rubber; leather; tires; garbage; sewage sludge; coal; oil shale; broken asphalt and the like. These materials are preferably shredded and kinds thereof having different melting points are mixed to facilitate movement of the feed stock through the converter without clogging. Preferably, the materials are baled and injected into the converter where they are severed as they are injected. The materials are fed by gravity from the input end of a converter drum to the discharge end thereof; the input end being elevated above the discharge end.

Abstract: The heating flues in an oven are equipped with refractory components to control the feed and mixture of combustion air and gas into each heating flue. In one embodiment, the refractory component forms a plurality of passageways through which air and gas flow into mixture. Initially, the gas is mixed with small amounts of air to obtain substoichiometric combustion in the refractory component. Additional combustion air is supplied to the resulting partially combusted gases and unburned gas to complete the combustion of air and gas in the heating flue. This arrangement serves to optimize the flame control and the heat discharge over the height of the heating flue. In a second embodiment, the refractory component forms a plurality of passageways through which combustion air is supplied to the gas along the passageway outlets which are located at preselected positions along the length of the heating flue.

Abstract: A sole flue nonrecovery coking oven battery includes a plurality of elongated coking ovens constructed in side-by-side relation with common sidewalls downcomers connecting the ovens through the sidewalls to the sole flues, uptakes connecting the sole flues through the sidewalls to an elongated tunnel extending transversely of the battery and a single stack connected to the elongated tunnel applying a draft to all ovens in the battery through the downcomers, sole flues and uptakes, and an improved draft control system includes an adjustable draft regulating valve for controlling the flow of gas from the uptakes beneath each oven to the common tunnel. An adjustable damper type stack draft valve is also provided for opening and closing the stack to vary the draft applied to the stack to the battery.

Abstract: The method of reducing a nitrogen oxides content of a flue gas generated on firing of a rich gas or combination coke oven having a plurality of heating walls forming dual heating flues, in which a single stage or multistage combustion takes place, and also having a plurality of regenerators for recovery of flue gas heat and preheating of an underfiring medium, includes the steps of mixing one portion of the flue gas drawn from one flue of the dual heating flues with the underfiring medium, gas and/or air, prior to or on admission to the other flue of the dual heating flues, or a regenerator connected with it, and circulating another portion of the flue gas additionally inside the dual heating flues.

Abstract: Coking system, wherein the coking blends particularly based on hard coal, are fed batchwise to a reactor (1), which is heated indirectly by heat recovery in regenerators (I, II) or recuperators, whereby the reactor is built as a high-capacity coking reactor (100), several high-capacity coking reactors are combined to form a reactor block and the high-capacity coking reactors are built as mutually independent modules, whereby each module can be operated or optionally replaced independently of the neighboring modules, with little or no impairment of the operation of the neighboring modules. The individual reactors are independently operatable in terms of statics and heat supply. The regenerators, or recuperators (I, II, R, R') can be arranged laterally or underneath the reactor chamber. Neighboring reactors can have a common intermediate wall (2). The reactor chambers have a width of at least 0.7 m, a height of at least 8.5 m and a length of at least 18 m.

Abstract: A method of heat conditioning a coke oven in a battery circulates hot gas through the oven from a non-radiant burner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for the separation and extraction of a waste material into a solid, a liquid, and a gas phase utilizing a rotating drum that is heated by a fluid medium circulating over the exterior surface of the drum in a chamber. The interior of the drum is sealed from the atmosphere and from the chamber. The waste material flows to the interior of the drum where the liquid components are vaporized and the solids are dried. The drum vapor effluent is cooled and the condensable components are condensed and separated. The noncondensable components are used as fuel for heating the heating medium. The dry solids flow from the retort to disposal facilities.

Abstract: The invention relates to a readjustment device on coking oven batteries with linkages, disposed in a master gallery so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the battery, for the actuation of shutoff members on the individual ovens of the coking oven battery. The linkages, to be moved simultaneously and oppositely in the master gallery, are joined to each other at one end of the coking oven battery through a guide pulley and this guide pulley is provided with pulley segments having different radii to obtain different strokes at the linkages.

Abstract: Method of controlling heat input into a coke oven to obtain a desired temperature of the coke mass of the oven at the time of pushing comprising (1) determine the moisture content and heat of carbonization of a sample of coal scheduled for transfer into the oven; (2) determine a coal mass, a target coking time, and an efficiency for said oven; (3) calculate the heat requirement and temperature of the coke mass during the coking operation of the coke oven based upon the coal moisture, the heat of carbonization, the coal mass, the target coking time, and the efficiency; (4) determine the temperature of the coke mass during the coking operation; (5) compare the temperature determined from step (4) with the calculated temperature based upon the calculation of step (3); (6) analyze any deviations noted in step (5) to obtain a more accurate heat requirement for said oven, and (7) vary the heat input into said oven in accordance with the more accurate heat requirement.

Abstract: Hot coke 3 expelled from a coking chamber is conveyed in a quenching car 2 to a quenching tower 4 past an infra-red detector 6 which provides a signal to initiate supply of the quenching water. It is a problem to control the amount of quenching water supplied to achieve adequate quenching without adding excess humidity. To solve this, the detector produces an analogue signal dependent on the surface temperature of the passing coke, and the duration of supply of quenching water is determined from this signal. The signal may also be used to control variation of the degree of quenching at different parts of the car and also to control the heating of the coking chamber.

Abstract: In a method of making coke in coke-ovens of a coke oven battery, the coke temperature is measured using at least one infra-red sensor after pushing of the coke from a coke-oven and before quenching of the coke. A value corresponding to the difference between measured value of the coke temperature and a predetermined reference value is determined for each of a plurality of coke loads pushed from a series of coke-ovens. The mean of said difference values is determined and the combustion gas supply to at least a plurality of coke-ovens of the battery is adjusted in dependence on said mean of the difference values. In this way, better control of the temperature of the coke at the end of the coking time can be achieved, with less deviation of the coke temperature from the reference value.

Abstract: Production-worthy method and system comprising two computer-based subsystems for determining temperature of an irradiant mass movable through process means in a hostile environment exemplified as coke guide and coke oven in a battery of ovens. System is usable in other industries such as at cement kilns and the like. First subsystem which is carried by a movable coke guide/door machine, includes one or more coke guide pyrometers arranged vertically, each with a sighting window monitor to detect optical errors, an onboard computerized and cooled electronics package for acquiring and processing temperature data and automatically detecting same for pyrometer drift and optical errors, and automatically correcting for these errors, and further including a plug-in portable terminal with a printer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the regulation of the flow of fuel gas in the fuel gas supply duct of a heating wall of a coke oven to assure uniform heat distribution in the oven are provided. The regulating means consists of a thin plate having a similar shape to that of a fuel gas supply duct for insertion therein. Pivotally attached to and extending perpendicularly from the outer face of the plate are twin parallel control rods with gage marks inscribed thereon. To effect the regulation of fuel gas flow, the regulating means is inserted into the fuel gas supply duct at an appropriate location and the flow rate is adjusted by pivoting the plate by the manipulation of the adjusting rods.

Abstract: A heating flue for a coke oven includes a flow plate to replace the base in the heating flue. The thickness of the flow plate is greater than the thickness of the flue base and disposed above a chamber which is divided into two halves in a gas-tight manner by a central web of refractory material. Each chamber communicates with ducts that feed preheated air from regenerators during rich-gas firing and feed preheated air and lean gas during firing with lean gas. The height of the chamber to the thickness of the flow plate is a ratio within 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.5. The flow plate has a plurality of bores each with a cross-sectional area which, when compared with the cross-sectional area of the plate, forms a ratio of between 20 and 200, preferably 30 to 60. The diameter of a cylindrical bore is between 10 and 60 millimeters, preferably 20 and 50 millimeters.

Abstract: A heating system for regenerative coke oven batteries having a plurality of coke oven chambers separated by heating walls and a plurality of regenerators extending the length of the coke oven for preheating air and cooling hot waste gases comprises a plurality of spaced heating ducts extending upwardly in the heating walls which are grouped into two adjacent pairs of heating ducts. The ducts in each group of four heating ducts are separated by first and second binder walls with the first binder walls carrying one binder duct for supplying air and discharging hot waste to and from adjacent heat ducts in one of the pairs in the group. The second wall is either provided with no heating ducts or a pair of heating ducts. A horizontal channel connects the tops of all four heating ducts in each group and the lower end of each heating duct is provided with a rich gas supply nozzle.

Abstract: A horizontal coke oven battery in which heating chambers between coking chambers are divided by midfeathers or header walls into vertically-extending heating flues. Extending upwardly through the midfeathers are feed flues which communicate with the regenerators of the coke oven battery and have feed flue outlets disposed at different heights in the heating flues. In this invention, the feed flue outlets comprise one or more vertically-extending elongated slots which facilitate "soft" combustion and flame formation, greatly reducing temperature peaks and nitrogen oxide formation.

Abstract: Hollow shaft members with orifices at different elevations throughout their heights are located in the heating flues of a coke oven battery. The shafts receive preheated gaseous combustion-supporting agents from the regenerators. Advantages include decreased midfeathers thickness, greater heating area, and having the possibility of rich-gas heating in which the flame is distributed over the whole height of the heating flue.

Abstract: A method and a device for feeding purging and degraphitizing air into pipes for rich gas leading to the heating walls of coke ovens. In the device a first cross-sectional opening is connected to a pipe for rich gas. This opening can be opened and closed with a first gate and is adapted to initially release only a relatively small cross-sectional aperture for passing purging air therethrough. A second cross-sectional opening is provided in the device, which is connected to the pipe for rich gas. The second opening can be opened and closed with a second gate and is adapted to release successively, with a time delay after the first cross-sectional opening, a relatively larger cross-section for passing degraphitizing air therethrough. An exchangeable screen can be placed in the aperture in the first cross-sectional opening. The degraphitizing air enters the pipe for burning off the graphite deposits resulting from the rich gas.

Abstract: A method and a system for disposing of the pyrolysis gas generated in a pyrolyzing system to refine the same are presented in which an absorbing agent for eliminating harmful gas is introduced into a thermal reactor in such an amount that a large percent of such agent is unreacted but it is efficiently recovered together with char from the pyrolysis gas and also these recovered materials are utilized to remove oil and tar from water used in cleaning the pyrolysis gas, the recovered solid particles of the char and unreacted absorbing agent and the oil and tar separated from the cleaning water being recirculated in the pyrolyzing system.

Abstract: A regulating device for the flue housing of a coke oven for alternately opening and closing channels of the flue housing including a rotatable shaft, frames mounted on the shaft, preferably, 90.degree. relative to each other, in alternating sequence along the shaft, peripheral seals about the frames for sealing a channel when the frame is disposed across it. The seals are arcuate in configuration and lie on a circle having its center at the center axis of the shaft. Rotation of the shaft selectively opens and closes alternate channels of the flue housing.

Abstract: A coke oven adapted to be regeneratively heated by lean gas or rich gas at choice, characterized in that control flaps are disposed in air inlet chests for the coke oven regenerator and are connected through linkages to a common actuating rod extending along the coke oven battery. Reciprocation of the actuating rod in one direction or the other will open or close all flaps essentially simultaneously to rapidly change the quantity of combustion-supporting air supplied to the regenerator, depending upon whether lean or rich gas is being used.

Abstract: A heating system for tall horizontal slot type coke ovens wherein the heating walls are provided with flues in which combustion occurs at multiple levels. The improvement lies in having a single flue stack of two channel design, each channel having port openings located at corresponding different heights or levels above the flue floor. When lead gas is employed for fuel, lean gas and air are supplied from different regenerator chambers to the separate channels respectively whereby a mixture of fuel gas and air is effected and combustion occurs at the port exit openings at each successive level. When rich gas is employed as a fuel, both regenerator chambers are employed to supply air for combustion through both channels of the stack and rich fuel gas is supplied by a separate distribution system to each vertical flame flue. Regulation of the flow of rich gas or lean gas from the two channels is provided by an adjustable brick means, such as a slide brick at the top of the two channels.

Abstract: A coke oven battery of the type that is underfired with coke oven gas, wherein a system of horizontal bus flues and valve controls therefor is provided for controlling the supply of lean gas fuel, such as blast furnace gas or any other lean gas, selectively to the gas flues in heating zones of the coke oven chamber walls and the recirculation of waste gas therefrom, so as to achieve the optimum fuel consumption under varying bulk density conditions of the coal mass in the coke oven chamber from the coke side to the pusher side.

Abstract: Regenerative changeover of a coke oven battery is designed for operation according to a method wherein each regenerative half period is broken down into a time when gas is supplied at a constant pressure to the burners in heating flues and a time when no gas is supplied. A final control facility acts on the regenerative changeover facility to enable the regenerative half period to be broken down into these two time periods. A controller is responsive to variations in gas properties, such as the calorific value, density, humidity and temperature, to bring about operation of the final control element so that the heating time and the pause in every regenerative half period have values such that the heat supplied to the battery in each half period remains constant.